Terms : Hide Images
| 161946732 | Sinicization | to make Chinese in character (nomads); to bring under Chinese influence, namely in the fields of tradition and religion. | 0 | |
| 161946733 | Epidemic | the rapid spread of a disease among many people | 1 | |
| 161946734 | Jati | (Hinduism) a Hindu caste or distinctive social group of which there are thousands throughout India | 2 | |
| 161946735 | Mare Nostrum | "our sea" referring to Roman control of the Mediterranean | 3 | |
| 161946736 | Jesus of Nazareth | charismatic Jewish teacher/savior who was later crucified in Jerusalem | 4 | |
| 161946737 | Consul | elected by wealthy assembly and served a one-yr term with civil and military power in the Roman Republic | 5 | |
| 161946738 | Old Testament | Jewish Hebrew scriptures | 6 | |
| 161946739 | Bread & Circuses | an urban policy to keep the masses content with grain and public entertainment | 7 | |
| 161946740 | Hellenism | the spread of Greek culture/influence | 8 | |
| 161946741 | Buddhism | belief system based on the Four Noble Truths and meditation which was concerned with suffering | 9 | |
| 161946742 | Tribune | official that represented plebeian interests in the Roman Republic | 10 | |
| 161946743 | paterfamilias | "father of the family" ; had the authority to arrange marriage, punish, and sell family into slavery | 11 | |
| 161946744 | Cleopatra | last of the Ptolemaic rulers of Egypt | 12 | |
| 161946745 | Senate | aristocratic members that had much political experience and ratified major decisions | 13 | |
| 161946746 | Palestine | "kingdom of god" but considered threat to Roman rule | 14 | |
| 161946747 | Plebeian | the common people of Rome | 15 | |
| 161946748 | Pax Romana | a period of peace that lasted for almost two and a half centuries that facilitated communication from Mesopotamia to the Atlantic | 16 | |
| 161946749 | Julius Caesar | "dictator for life" and conquered Gaul (France)...later assassinated | 17 | |
| 161946750 | Peloponnesian Wars (Greek) | tensions within the Delian League led to this war between the major leaders: Sparta v. Athens; led to weakening of the poleis | 18 | |
| 161946751 | Pathogen | germ bacteria that travel long distances and get many people sick | 19 | |
| 161946752 | Octavian/Augustus | Caesar's nephew/protege that led for 45 years of unopposed rule | 20 | |
| 161946753 | Punic Wars | fought against Carthaginians who had many resources | 21 | |
| 161946754 | Dictator | when faced with civil or military unrest, and official wields absolute power for 6 months | 22 | |
| 161946755 | St. Augustine | bishop of North African city of Hippo who converted to Christianity | 23 | |
| 161946756 | Attila | warrior-king who was the leader of the Huns (invaded and attacked the Roman Empire) | 24 | |
| 161946757 | W. & E. Roman Empires | Diocletian divided the empire into two regions; one would last longer than the other | 25 | |
| 161946758 | Monsoon System | Egyptians learned about wind patterns in different seasons from the Indians | 26 | |
| 161946759 | Huns | Turkish people who migrated westward and might have been descendants of the Xiongnu | 27 | |
| 161946760 | Diocletian | emperor of the Roman Emperor from 284-305 CE: divided into 2 halves and ruled using tetrarchs | 28 | |
| 161946761 | Visigoths | Scandinavian migrants who adopted Roman law and religion and acted as "buffers" on the borders of the empire | 29 | |
| 161946762 | Constantinople | strategic site overlooking the Bosporus and in 330 CE became the capital of Byzantine under the Emperor Constantine | 30 | |
| 161946763 | Chang'an | the capital of the Han empire, end/beginning of the Silk Road | 31 | |
| 161946764 | Silk Road | network of trade routes that connected China to Rome | 32 | |
| 161946765 | Constantine | one of the claimants to the throne after Diocletian died; ruled Byzantine | 33 | |
| 161946766 | Persian Wars | conflict when Greeks tried to rebel to rid themselves of Persian rule | 34 | |
| 161946767 | Delian League | created to discourage further Persian actions in Greece, Athens led the alliance (led to tension) | 35 | |
| 161946768 | Punjab | modern-day northern Pakistan...where Darius founded the kingdom of Gandhara | 36 | |
| 161958456 | Indus River | river towards NW of India with source at Hindu Kush and Himalayas | 37 | |
| 161958457 | Chandragupta Maurya | ambitious adventurer who laid the foundation for the Mauryan Empire...later became a monk | 38 | |
| 161958458 | Ashoka Maurya | led during the high point of the Mauryan Empire; known for famous lion pillars but Empire declined after his death | 39 | |
| 161958459 | Gupta Dynasty | Empire that emerged after Mauryan in 320 CE and was smaller based at Magadha | 40 | |
| 161958460 | White Huns | nomadic people from Central Asia who moved into India and established kingdoms | 41 | |
| 161958461 | Ganges River | situated in jungle-covered valley and had active trade area | 42 | |
| 161958462 | Monsoons | winds that govern weather in the Indian Ocean Basin and can bring heavy rains | 43 | |
| 161958463 | Jainism | a religion that does not recognize social distinctions and is characterized by extreme NONviolence | 44 | |
| 161958464 | Ahimsa | nonviolence to other living things...later used by Gandhi | 45 | |
| 161958465 | Eightfold Path | Buddhist doctrine that calls for an individual to lead a balanced and moderate life to eliminate desire | 46 | |
| 161958466 | Four Noble Truths | 1) All life is full of suffering, pain, and sorrow. 2) The cause of suffering is nonvirtue, or negative deeds and mindsets such as hated and desire. 3) The only cure for suffering is to overcome nonvirture. 4) The way to overcome nonvirtue is to follow the Eightfold Path | 47 | |
| 161958467 | Siddharta Gautama | Buddha | 48 | |
| 161958468 | Dharma | duty | 49 | |
| 161958469 | Patronage | support or sponsorship like Ashoka Maurya did with Buddhism | 50 | |
| 161958470 | Ceylon | name for modern-day Sri Lanka (Buddhist missionaries were sent here) | 51 | |
| 161958471 | Caste System | social classes: hereditary and unchangeable status in Hindu society | 52 | |
| 161958472 | Maurya Dynasty | the 1st state to bring centralized, unified government to most of India | 53 | |
| 161958473 | Kushan | nomadic conquerors who came into Pakistan, Afghanistan, and India and tried to imitate Mauryans | 54 | |
| 161958474 | Hindu Kush Mountains | part of Himalayas, in Pakistan | 55 | |
| 161958475 | Homer | ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey (circa 850 BC) | 56 | |
| 161958476 | Iliad & Odyssey | two epic poems written about the Trojan War and a hero | 57 | |
| 161958477 | Minoans | established society around the island of Crete and constructed lavish palaces as well as adapted the written script Linear A | 58 | |
| 161958478 | Mycenaeans | Indo-European peoples who adapted Linear A and created Linear B; had settlements in Anatolia, Sicily, and Northern Italy | 59 | |
| 161958479 | Polis | a city-state that was the principal site of Greek society...stands for "citadel" or "fortified site" | 60 | |
| 161958480 | Tyrant | the term for an ambitious politician who gains power by irregular means (only refers to route to power) | 61 | |
| 161958481 | Sparta | fertile region of the Peloponnesus that contained a highly-disciplined military (other people were referred to as "helots") | 62 | |
| 161958482 | Athens | a very wealthy polis that engaged in maritime trade | 63 | |
| 161958483 | Pericles | most popular Athenian leader who called Athens the "education of Greece" | 64 | |
| 161958484 | Alexander of Macedon/The Great | invaded Persia and from there, built a huge empire but died before governing it | 65 | |
| 161958485 | Alexandria | Ptolemaic capital housing the famous library and museum (was founded by Alexander The Great at the mouth of the Nile) | 66 | |
| 161958486 | Olympic Games | Festival and athletic contests held at Olympia every 4 years in honor of Zeus in which all Greek city-states sent representatives. | 67 | |
| 161958487 | Socrates | Athenian philosopher who shifted the emphasis of philosophical investigation from questions of natural science to ethics and human behavior. He made enemies in government by revealing the ignorance of others. | 68 | |
| 161958488 | Plato | a disciple of Socrates, developed the Theory of Forms/Ideas and wrote the dialogue "Republic"...advocated an intellectual aristocracy | 69 | |
| 161958489 | Aristotle | disciple of Plato but rejected the Theory of Forms/Ideas and was called the "master of those who know" | 70 | |
| 161958490 | Hellenistic Empires | empires like the Antigonid, Seleucid, and Ptolemaic that emerged after Alexander and symbolized the spread of the Greeks | 71 | |
| 161958491 | Stoics | Hellenistic group of philosophers (very popular); emphasized inner moral independence cultivated by strict discipline of the body and personal bravery | 72 | |
| 161958492 | Trojan War | led to the decline of the Mycenaeans after this foreign invasion | 73 | |
| 161958493 | Celtics | Indo-European people from the British Isles to Spain to Asia | 74 | |
| 161958494 | Marc Antony | Octavian's main rival who joined forces with Cleopatra | 75 | |
| 161958495 | Carthage | City located in present-day Tunisia, founded by Phoenicians. It became a major commercial center and naval power in the western Mediterranean until defeated by Rome in the third century BC. | 76 | |
| 161958496 | Patrician | aristocrats and the wealthy classes of modern-day Rome | 77 | |
| 161958497 | Republic | a form of government in Rome in which delegates represented the interests of various sides | 78 | |
| 161958498 | Colosseum | a magnificent marble stadium and sports arena | 79 | |
| 161958499 | Essenes | sect of Jews of Judea who were uncompromising in their piety and their disgust with what they considered a corrupted priesthood; library is known as the Dead Sea Scrolls | 80 | |
| 161958500 | Gaul | the region beyond Italy containing the Celtics | 81 | |
| 161958501 | latifundium | enormous plantation owned by wealthy who used slave labor | 82 | |
| 161958502 | Paul of Tarsus | a Roman citizen and missionary who accepted Christian teachings and was executed when he tried to preach | 83 | |
| 161958503 | New Testament | body of writings that include accounts of Jesus's life and is considered the holy book of Christianity | 84 | |
| 161958504 | Christ | meaning the "anointed one" to bring individuals into the kingdom of God | 85 | |
| 161958505 | Po River | North Italian river that contained Etruscan settlements | 86 | |
| 161958506 | Tiber River | had easy access to Mediterranean but was not on coast so prevented invasion/attacks from sea | 87 |
