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AP US History Important People Review Flashcards

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10471039298John LockeEnlightenment philosopher who advocated Social Contract and natural rights0
10471039299Thomas PaineAdvocated for independence from England in "Common Sense"1
10471039300Benjamin FranklinHelped convince the King of France to give military assistance to the colonies during Revolutionary War2
10471039301George MasonAnti-federalist in Virginia who opposed Constitution because it had no Bill of Rights3
10471039302Alexander HamiltonKey figure in forming first Federalist Party; wanted to create a National Bank4
10471039303John MarshallChief Justice of the Supreme Court who established judicial review in Marbury v. Madison5
10471039304Lewis and ClarkHired by Jefferson to explore the territory acquired by the Louisiana Purchase6
10471039305SacajaweaHired to serve as a guide and translator for the Lewis and Clark Expedition7
10471039306Eli WhitneyInvented cotton gin; helped extend slavery8
10471039307Frederick DouglassFormer slave and abolitionist who helped convince Lincoln to use Black troops in the Civil War; worked for equal rights for African-Americans9
10471039308Henry ClaySenator who authored the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 185010
10471039309William Lloyd GarrisonAbolitionist who published "The Liberator" advocating an immediate end to slavery11
10471039310Harriet Beecher StoweHelped raise anti-slavery feelings in the North by writing "Uncle Tom's Cabin"12
10471039311Robert E. LeeCommander of the Confederate Forces during the Civil War; became President of Washington College13
10471039312Elizabeth Cady StantonWorked with Susan B. Anthony to extend suffrage (the right to vote) to women14
10471039313Susan B. AnthonyWorked to extend suffrage (the right to vote) to women before and after the Civil War15
10471039314Henry FordWorked to increase production by using an assembly line for my automobiles16
10471039315Andrew CarnegieIndustrial leader who made riches in the steel industry17
10471039316J.P. MorganIndustrial leader who made riches in banking and finance18
10471039317John D. RockefellerIndustrial leader who made riches in the oil business19
10471039318Cornelius VanderbiltIndustrial leader who dominated the railroads20
10471039319Ida B. WellsCivil rights leader who worked to push Congress to pass federal anti-lynching laws21
10471039320Booker T. WashingtonCivil rights leader who advocated technical education for Blacks to achieve economic opportunity, then to seek equality22
10471039321W.E.B. DuBoisFounders of the NAACP; advocated for immediate equality for Black people and professional education23
10471039322Samuel GompersHelped to organize labor by serving as a leader in the American Federation of Labor24
10471039323Eugene V. DebsHelped to organize labor by organizing the American Railway Union and leading a violent strike25
10471039324John HaySecretary of State who demanded equal trading rights in China (my Open Door Policy)26
10471039325Rosie the RiveterRepresented all working women during World War II27
10471039326Adolf HitlerNazi dictator in Germany who started WWII; gave the Final Solution (genocide) for the Jews in Europe28
10471039327Julius & Ethel RosenbergCaught and convicted of selling atomic secrets to the Soviets; increased the "Red Scare"29
10471039328Fidel CastroLed the communist revolution in Cuba30
10471039329Joseph McCarthyMost notorious communist hunter in Congress; made accusations with little or no real evidence31
10471039330Richard NixonPresident who visited China during the Cold War; better known for Watergate Scandal32
10471039331Mikhail GorbachevSoviet Premier who policies of reform in the Soviet Union helped to bring down that system33
10471039332Thurgood MarshallNAACP lawyer who successfully argued against segregation in public schools in the 1950's34
10471039333Oliver HillNAACP lawyer who worked against school segregation in VA35
10471039334Martin Luther King Jr.Non-violent civil rights leader of the 50's and 60's, organizing boycotts and marches36
10471039335Sandra Day O'ConnerFirst woman to sit on the Supreme Court37
10471039336Ruth Bader GinsbergLiberal judge, appointed to the Supreme Court by Bill Clinton, and help represent women on the bench38
10471039337Clarence ThomasConservative judge, appointed to the Supreme Court by George H.W. Bush, and help represent minorities on the bench39
10471039338Sally RideFirst American woman astronaut in space40
10471039339John GlennFirst American in space41
10471039340Neil ArmstrongFirst person to set foot on the moon42
10471039341George WashingtonLeader of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War; served as president of the Constitutional Convention and was the first president of the United States43
10471039342John AdamsLeaders of the Federalist Party and the first vice-president of the United States (and the 2nd president)44
10471039343Thomas JeffersonWrote Declaration of Independence and as president bought the Louisiana Purchase (the territory west of the Mississippi River) from France45
10471039344James MadisonFather of the Constitution; authored VA Plan for government and Bill of Rights46
10471039345James MonroePresident who came up with the Monroe Doctrine, which stated that the American continents were off limits to Europeans47
10471039346Andrew JacksonWorked to extend democracy as president; known for causing economic collapse due to destruction of National Bank48
10471039347Abraham LincolnAs president, was willing to go to war with the Confederacy to restore the Union; issued the Emancipation Proclamation49
10471039348Ulysses S. GrantCommander of the Union Army in the Civil War; served as President during most of the Reconstruction years50
10471039349Andrew JohnsonConflict with Congress over Reconstruction policies after the Civil War led to him being the first impeached president51
10471039350Theodore RooseveltBoth a Progressive and Imperialist President, associated with the "Square Deal" and the Panama Canal52
10471039351Woodrow WilsonAs a Progressive, pressed for "New Freedom" programs; wrote the 14 Points for a lasting peace after WWI53
10471039352Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)Associated with the New Deal programs of the Depression, and asking Congress to declare war on Japan after the Pearl Harbor attacks54
10471039353Harry TrumanPresident who made the decision to drop the atomic bombs on Japan to bring a quick end to WWII55
10471039354Dwight D. EisenhowerAmerican general who was in charge of the D-Day invasion, and later served 2 terms as president56
10471039355John F. KennedyBefore being assassinated, he pledged to win the "race to the moon" and worked to contain communism as president57
10471039356Lyndon B. JohnsonWanted to establish a "Great Society" as president; more known for escalating the war in Vietnam58
10471039357Ronald ReaganPresident whose policies of defense spending put pressure on the Soviet Union to collapse; advocated shrinking the size of the national government and returning power to the states59
10471039358George H.W. BushPresident who was in office as Germany reunited while the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia split apart; pressed for the Persian Gulf War as a means to liberate Kuwait after it was taken over by Iraq60
10471039359Bill ClintonPresident associated with lifting sanctions against South Africa, granting full diplomatic relations with Vietnam, NAFTA, and sending American troops into former Yugoslavia to stop civil war and atrocities61
10471039360George W. BushPresident who was in office during the 9/11 terrorist attacks; pressed for military action in Iraq and Afghanistan62

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