photosynthesis - converts radiant energy to chemical energy
- 6CO2 + 12H2O >> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
- dependent on light and chlorophyll
- oxygen released into environment; sugar used for growth or storage
- reactant/product water molecules are different
- chloroplast - organelle for photosynthesis
- thylakoids - photosynthetic membranes
- grana - stacks of thylakoids
- lamellae - holds grana in place
- stroma - semiliquid in chloroplasts
- photochemical (light) reactions -
- splits water to release O2, electrons, protons
- almost at instantaneous speed
- light-dependent
- biochemical (dark) reactions (Calvin cycle) -
- converts CO2 to sugar
- fast, but slower than photochemical reaction
- light-independent
paper chromatography - separates dissolved compounds
- pigment - substance that absorbs light
- primary photosynthetic pigments - chlorphyll a/b
- accessory pigments - also absorb light; ex. carotene, xanthophyll
- different mov't of pigments on paper due to solubility and tendencies to stick
- pigments strongly absorbed move slowly
- pigments weakly absorbed move faster
- Rf = distance moved by pigment / distance from pigment origin to solvent front
spectroscope - instrument that separates white light into component colors
- placing chlorophyll between light/spectroscope blocks out light absorbed by chlorophyll
fluorescence - release of light energy
- light only produces reactions when absorbed by a molecule
- chlorophyll appears green because it absorbs all other light wavelengths
- light excites the electrons, bossting them to a higher energy level
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