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AP Language Flashcards

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12674660009periodic sentenceAll the modifiers at the beginning with subject and verb at the end0
12674668502cumulative sentenceSubject and verb in the beginning with modifiers at the end1
12674678082pragmaticpractical2
12674681756Morosesullen and ill-tempered3
12674688594indignantFull of anger; resentful4
12674691853subjectiveHave opinions5
12674697855objectiveNo thoughts or feelings6

AP Lang Vocab Lists 5 + 6 Flashcards

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10939167387enervate(v.) to weaken, exhaust0
10939167388eschew(v.) to shun, avoid1
10939167389evanescent(adj.) fleeting, momentary2
10939167390evince(v.) to show, reveal3
10939167391exculpate(v.) to free from guilt or blame, exonerate4
10939167392execrable(adj.) loathsome, detestable5
10939167393exigent(adj.) urgent, critical6
10939167394expiate(v.) to make amends for, atone7
10939167395extant(adj.) existing, not destroyed or lost8
10939167396extol(v.) to praise, revere9
10939167397fallacious(adj.) incorrect, misleading10
10939167398fastidious(adj.) meticulous, demanding, having high and often unattainable standards11
10939167399fatuous(adj.) silly, foolish12
10939167400fetid(adj.) having a foul odor13
10939167401florid(adj.) flowery, ornate14
10939167402fractious(adj.) troublesome or irritable15
10939167403garrulous(adj.) talkative, wordy16
10939167404grandiloquence(n.) lofty, pompous language17
10939167405gregarious(adj.) drawn to the company of others, sociable18
10939167406hackneyed(adj.) unoriginal, trite19

AP LANGUAGE TERM LIST Flashcards

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7183901843ALLITERATIONThe repetition of the same consonant or vowel sound at the beginning of several closely placed words. The sound can also be included within the words as well as at the beginning.0
7183903872ALLITERATIONThe moan of doves in immemorial elms, And murmuring of innumerable bees.1
7183904197ALLUSIONA brief reference to a historical or literary figure, event, or object.2
7183905757ALLUSIONNo! I am not Prince Hamlet, nor was meant to be;3
7183906658ANAPHORAThe repetition of a word or several words at the beginning of several consecutive phrases or clauses.4
7183907586ANAPHORAWe few, we happy few, we band of brothers.5
7183908315ANTITHESISThe contrasting of opposite ideas in a phrase or clause, usually in parallel structure.6
7183909082ANTITHESISGive every man they ear, but few thy voice.7
7183909592ASSONANCEThe use of the same or similar vowel sounds in the stressed syllables of several closely placed words that end with different consonant sounds.8
7183910267ASSONANCEHear the mellow wedding bells.9
7183911137CONNOTATIONAny meaning a word conveys, emotional or social, that is in addition to its official meaning. The additional meaning may be personal, limited to a group, or universal. (Don't confuse this with slang, when a word takes on an entirely new meaning in informal speaking).10
7183912568CONNOTATIONHe was a zealous promoter of the cause. He was a fanatical promoter of the cause. Zealous thought of as positive. Fanatical thought of as negative. (giggle, chuckle, chortle, guffaw).11
7183916044DICTIONThe author's choice and use of words in a text. This is roughly analogous to word choice.12
7183916784DENOTATIONThe formal or official meaning of a word, separate from any other associations or acquired meanings.13
7183917412EPISTROPHEThe repetition of a word or several words at the end of several consecutive phrases or clauses.14
7183919858EPISTROPHE"... and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."15
7183920522ETHOSA rhetorical strategy in which the speaker or writer relies on his or her experience, expertise, or character to persuade or influence the audience.16
7183921646FIGURATIVE LANGUAGEThe use of language in a non-literal, non-normative way. Figurative language includes things such as metaphors, smilies, hyperboles, and synecdoche, among others.17
7183923156HYPERBOLEAn exaggeration to amuse, or to reinforce or intensify an idea or image.18
7183923650HYPERBOLEYou should study this list of terms at least a million times to make sure you know each one well.19
7183927093IMAGEA description of an experience, object, or person using sensory details, usually more than one. Images are sometimes called concrete details. They are the building blocks of poetry.20
7183927794IMAGEWho are these coming to the sacrifice? To what green altar, O mysterious priest, Lead'st thou that heifer lowing at the skies, And all her silken flanks with garlands drest.21
7183931021ISOCOLONA form of parallel structure in which each grammatically parallel part of a phrase or clause also the same length.22
7183937218ISOCOLONWith malice toward none, with charity for all23
7183939807IRONYWhen reality is different from what it appears to be or what is anticipated.24
7183940231VERBAL IRONYMuch like sarcasm, when what is said differs from what is actually meant, but usually not as harsh or abrasive.25
7183940915SITUATIONAL IRONYWhen an event occurs which is opposite from or opposed to what was expected.26
7183941911DRAMATIC IRONYWhen the reader or viewer of a text or performance knows something that the characters themselves do not.27
7183942193JUXTAPOSITIONThe placement of two ideas or things next to each other to create a contrast between them. Antithesis is a subset of juxtaposition, limited to contrasting opposites.28
7183943270LOGOSA rhetorical strategy in which the speaker or writer relies on the clear presentation of logic, facts, reasoning, etc. to persuade or influence the audience.29
7183945612LITOTESAn understatement to amuse, or to reinforce or intensify an idea or image.30
7183945982LITOTESIt takes at least a day or two to become an excellent writer.31
7183947820METONYMYA type of metaphor in which something closely related to a second thing is substituted for the second thing.32
7183948248METONYMY"The Pentagon released a statement today about national security." A building cannot release a statement; the Pentagon is a building closely associated with the leaders of the armed forces and stands in their place to represent them.33
7183949603METAPHORComparing things without like or as34
7183950935ONOMATOPOEIAWords that sound the same as the things they mean. "Buzz, snap, hiss, sizzle."35
7183951484PATHOSThe speaker or writer relies on the use of emotion to persuade or influence the audience.36
7183952112PERSONIFICATIONGiving human attributes to inhuman things.37
7183952512POLYPTOTONThe repetition of a different form of the same word in a phrase or clause.38
7183953118POLYPTOTONThe Greeks are strong, and skillful to their strength, fierce to their skill, and to their fierceness valiant.39
7183954253RHETORICThe effective and skillful use of language to accomplish a purpose, often a persuasive one.40
7183954747SIMILIEComparing things using like, than, or as41
7183955735SYMBOLSomething that is itself but can also represent and stand from something else.42
7183956120SYNECDOCHEA type of metaphor in which a part of the whole is substituted for the whole itself.43
7183956789SYNECDOCHEHe's got a nice set of wheels. The speaker is referring to the car as a whole and not the wheels themselves.44
7183958252SYNTAXThe way an author arranges words and phrases to create sentences.45
7183958427THEMEThe author's message or commentary about life that applies to everyone based on the text. (Declarative). (Moral is imperative).46
7183959130TONEThe author's attitude towards his/her subject as expressed to the reader. Revealed through diction, syntax, imagery, and the information given throughout the exposition.47

Meiosis Flashcards

Practice on recognising the phases and basic structures of meiosis.

Terms : Hide Images
13557307318Prophase I0
13557307319Metaphase I1
13557307320Anaphase I2
13557307321Telophase I3
13557307322Prophase II4
13557307323Metaphase II5
13557307324Anaphase II6
13557307325Telophase II7
13557307326Homologous Chromosome8
13557307327Centriole9
13557307328Chromosome10
13557307329Spindle fiber11
13557307330MeiosisCreates 4 haploid gamete cells from a diploid cell.12
13557307331InterphaseConsists of G1, S, G213
13557307332Prophase Inuclear membrane starts to dissolve, Crossing over occurs during this stage.14
13557307333Crossing overHomologous Chromosomes cross over each other and share genetic information. Happens during Prophase I.15
13557307334Homologous ChromosomesMatching chromosomes from mom and dad.16
13557307335Metaphase IThe chromosomes line up down the middle along with their homologous pair.17
13557307336Anaphase Ihomologous chromosomes pull apart to opposite sides18
13557307337Telophase Inuclear membranes start to form around the chromosomes19
13557307338Prophase IIAt this point the chromosomes reorganize and the nuclear membranes start to dissolve again.20
13557307339Metaphase IIThe chromosomes line up single file.21
13557307340Anaphase IIThe spindles pull the sister chromatids apart.22
13557307341Telophase IINuclear membranes start to form around the chromosomes again. A cleavage forms. Cytokinesis occurs and the two diploid cells have now divided into 4 haploid cells.23
13557307342gametesterm used to describe sex cells, sperm for males...eggs for females24
13557307343asexual reproductiona type of reproduction method that involves 1 parent, offspring identical to the parent25
13557307344sexual reproductiona type of reproduction that involves two parents and fertilization occurs between gametes, offspring is genetically different from parents26
13557307346haploida term used to describe a cell that has 1 set of each chromosome, symbol used is "n"27
13557307347diploida term used to describe a cell that has 2 sets of each chromosome, symbol uses is "2n"28
13557307348fertilizationprocess of fertilizing an egg to form a zygote.29

AP Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
10962422857Classical civilizations of AmericaOlmec, Mayan, Aztec, Inco0
109624228581200 BCE: OlmecsSettled at the coast of Gulf Mexico1
10962422859Olmec meansRubber people. First people to tap rubber trees for sap.2
10962422860Olmec Cultureparent culture in Mesoamerica(central america).3
10962422861Olmec Writings:Hieroglyphic form writing4
10962422862Olmec Math:Number system was based on combinations of only three symbols. Dot= 1 Bar= 55
10962422863Olmec religious rituals:Pok-a-tok6
10962422864Pok-a-tokCeremonial ball game something like basketball. Players use their chest, elbow, and feet. Players were sacrificed to gods at the end of the game.7
10962422865Olmec arts and architects:Temple Pyramids, Stone heads8
10962422866Temple Pyramids:built on mountain tops, primarily of worship. Drew worshippers' eyes towards the skies where gods looked down from the stars.9
10962422867Stone Headschunks of volcanic rock, 18 tons nd 14ft high.10
10962422868Mayan Civilization:people were building religious centers in Yucutan Peninsula border(Mexico Guatemala border).11
10962422869Mayan peopleMayas/Mayans12
10962422870300-700 BCEmesoamerican civilizations reached its peak at the Mayan centers13
10962422871Mayan leadersHalach Uinic, Priests14
10962422872Halach Uinictrue man, absolute leaders, head of city-states.15
10968666598Priestsshared controlled leaders who expanded the religious centers to city-states16
10968666599Concerned with timegods will destroy the world if ceremonies were not on time, decides lucky day for persons, decide luck for marriage, planting, trading, warsand building temples17
10968666600To obtain accurate measurements of time, they observeCelestial bodies Predict eclipses18
10968666601Mayan Calendar365 days, last 5 days unlucky19
10968666602Record keeperstaughtsons of nobles how to read, and others how yo interpret the calendar20
10968666603Upper classPriests, nobles, warriors21
10968666604Lower classPeasants22
10968666605Decline of Mayan CivilizationAbandonment of Maya centers. Mayas did not move away. Mesoamericans civilizationnever reached its height23
10968666606Inca Civilizationempire of the sun24
10968666607IncasControlled a large area in Cuzco, Peru(Andes)25
10968703950EngineersSuperb engineers like the Aztecs. Excellent systems of roads(coast to mountains). Swinging bridges. Tunnels. Inns among the road for travelers26
10968703951Inca ruleStronger political organization than Aztec. Ruled directly to conquered lands. Monitors people's submission and provide sanctions for disobedience.27
10968703952Quipisto keep records. Made of colored cords tied at different lengths to indicate different sums.28
10968703953Classescommon people, noble, emperor, and wife29

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