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Flashcards

Chapter 2 Vocabulary AP Language Flashcards

14969126170	Alliteration	repetition of the same sound beginning several words or syllables in sequence	0
14969126171	Allusion	Brief reference to a person, event, place, or work of art	1
14969126172	Anaphora	repetition of a word of phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines	2
14969126173	Antimetabole	repetition of words in reverse order	3
14969126174	Antithesis	Opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a parallel construction	4
14969126175	Archaic Diction	Old fashioned or outdated choice of words	5
14969126176	Asyndeton	Omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses or words	6
14969126177	Cumulative Sentence	Sentence that completes the main idea at the beginning of the sentence and then builds and adds on	7
14969126178	Horative Sentence	Sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to action	8
14969126179	Imperative Sentence	Sentence used to command or enjoin	9
14969126180	Inversion	Inverted order of words in a sentence	10
14969126181	Juxtaposition	Placement of two things closely together to emphasize similarities or differences	11
14969126182	Metaphor	Figure of speech that compare two things without using like or as	12
14969126183	Oxymoron	Paradoxical juxtaposition of words that seem to contradict one another	13
14969126184	Parallelism	Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases or clauses	14
14969126185	Periodic Sentence	Sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end	15
14969126186	Personification	Attribution of lifelike quality to inanimate object or idea	16
14969126187	Rhetorical Question	Figure of speech in the form of a question posed for rhetorical effect rather than for the purpose of getting an answer	17
14969126188	Synedoche	figure of speech that uses a part to represent a whole	18
14969126189	Zeugma	Use of two different words in grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous meanings	19

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Chapter 31 AP World History Flashcards

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12791685207	The leader of the Taiping Rebellion was	Hong Xiuquan	0
12791685208	In 1851, Hong Xiuquan proclaimed his own dynasty, the Taiping tianguo, which meant	"Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace"	1
12791685209	The most significant territorial loss for the Ottomans was	Egypt	2
12791685210	Muhammad Ali was	The egyptian leader who overthrew ottoman control	3
12791685211	The capitulations were unfair trading agreements between the western Europeans and the	Ottoman sultans	4
12791685212	Which of the following is not true about the capitulations?	they were imposed on the Europeans by the Ottomans	5
12791685213	In the early 19th century, the Ottoman Sultan Selim III	Embarked on a program to remodel his army along the lines of European forces.	6
12791685214	What was the name of the Sultan who, in 1826, had mutinous Janissaries slaughtered and thus opened the door for further reform with the Ottoman Empire?	Mahmud II	7
12791685215	Which of the following is not a reform proposed in the Tanzimat era?	A commercial code	8
12791685216	The Young Ottomans were	(Opposed the Tanzimat) A group who agitated for individual freedom, local autonomy, and political decentralization. Desired the establishment of a constitutional government along the lines of the British system. (Opposed the Tanzimat)	9
12791685217	Sultan Abdul Hamid II	Was put in power by a group of radical dissidents from the Ottoman bureaucracy. Accepted a constitution, dissolved parliament, exiled many liberals, and executed others within a year. Ruled autocratically, developed army and administration according to TANZIMAT PRINCIPLES, and oversaw the formation of a police force, educational reforms, economic development, and construction of railroads.	10
12791685218	Which of the following was not one of the leading principles of the YOung Turks?	Islam as the guiding principle in public life	11
12791685219	Which of the following Young Turk proposals caused the most dissension in the empire?	Making Turkish the official language of the empire	12
12791685220	The stipulation, "in order to obtain for Ottoman citizens an education of a homogenous and uniform character, the official schools will be open, their instruction will be free, and all nationalities will be admitted" is rom what document?	Proclamation of the Young Turks	13
12791685221	Which of the following accounts for beginning of the social reform movement in Russia in the 19th century?	Military defeat in the Crimean War	14
12791685222	A defeat in the Crimean War stopped expansion by the	Russian empire.	15
12791685223	The key to social reform in Russia was	Emancipation of the serfs.	16
12791685224	The Russian serfs were emancipated by	Tsar Alexander II	17
12791685225	The emancipation of the Russian serfs	Resulted in little, if any, increase in agricultural production.	18
12791685226	As part of the Russian reforms, during the reign of Alexander II the government created zemstvos,	which were elected district assemblies that remained subordinate to the tsarist autocracy.	19
12791685227	The prime mover behind Russian industrialization was	Count Sergei Witte	20
12791685228	the centerpiece of Sergei Witte's Russian industrial policy was	A massive program of railway construction that linked the far-flung regions of the Russian empire and also stimulated the development of other industries.	21
12791685229	The working conditions of the growing Russian industrial class in St. Petersburg and Moscow	Became notorious for the miserable working and living conditions of factory workers.	22
12791685230	Tsar Alexander II was assassinated in 1881 by	The People's Will, a terrorist faction of the Land and freedom party	23
12791685231	After the Assassination of Alexander II, his successor Nicholas II	championed oppression and police control.	24
12791685232	The decisive factor in the Russo Japanese War was the	Destruction of Russian navy	25
12791685233	The 1905 Bloody Sunday massacre eventually	Led to labor unrest, peasant insurrections, student demonstrations, and mutinies in both the army and navy.	26
12791685234	Lin Zexu	Confiscated and destroyed some twenty thousand chests of opium. Ignited a war that ended in a humiliating defeat for China	27
12791685235	The decisive point in the Opium War was	When British forces decided to strike at the Grand Canal, "the jugular vein" of China, with the aid of steam-powered gunboats	28
12791685236	The Opium War ended with the signing of the Treaty of	Nanjing	29
12791685237	Who wrote, "As months accumulate and years pass by, the poison they have produced increases in its wicked intensity, and its repugnant odor reaches as high as the sky?"	Lin Zexu	30
12791685238	Which of the following was not a rebellion that threatened China in the nineteenth century?	mongol	31
12791685239	Which of the following was not one of the principles of the Taiping Rebellion?	Hong Xuiquan's belief that he was the reincarnation of the Buddha	32
12791685240	The Self-Strengthening Movement was an attempt to blend indigenous cultural traditions with western technology in	China	33
12791685241	For most of the last fifty years of the Qing dynsty, China was ruled by	Empress dowager Cixi, a former imperial concubine.	34
12791685242	By the end of the nineteenth century, the only thing keeping China from being completely divided up into spheres of influence by foreigners was	Distrust amont the foreign powers.	35
12791685243	Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao were the leaders of the	Hundred Days Reforms	36
12791685244	In 1900, foreign embassies in China were besieged by	The Boxers, or the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists.	37
12791685245	Japan was forcibly opened to foreign trade in 1853 by the	U.S.	38
12791685246	they understood the danger of those two groups and wanted to find a way to avoid commercial and/or imperial domination by either one.	They wanted to obtain the knowledge and expertise to strengthen Japan and win revisions of the unequal treaties.	39
12791685247	Which one of the following leaders played a major role in the Meiji Restoration?	The boy emperor Mutsuhito or Meiji.	40
12791685248	which of the following was not one of the foundations of the meiji restoration?	turning japan into a constitutional republic	41
12791685249	The event that best displayed Japan's rise to the level of a world power was their victory in the	Russo-Japanese and Sino-Japanese wars.	42

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AP World History Renaissance & Reformation (Ch 18) Flashcards

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9524864190	heliocentric	By Copernicus who said that the Sun is in the center & the Earth & planets revolves around it.	0
9524864191	indulgence	The forgiveness of the punishment due for past sins by the Catholic Church to reduce one's time in purgatory after death. Martin Luther's protest against the sale of indulgences is often seen as touching off the Protestant Reformation.	1
9524864192	theocracy	A government that is based on religion (divine authority).	2
9524864193	caravel	A small, fast Spanish or Portuguese sailing ship of the 15th-17th centuries. Had triangular sails & established Portugal in Africa.	3
9524864194	conquistador	16th century Spanish adventurers who conquered Mexico, Central America & Peru.	4
9524864195	Middle Passage	A voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America & the West Indies. Middle portion of triangular trade.	5
9524864196	Mercantilism	A set of principles that dominated economic in the 17th century. The prosperity of a nation depended on a large supply of gold & silver.	6
9524864197	humanism	Intellectual movement of the Renaissance based on the studies of humanities, which included grammar, rhetoric, poetry, moral philosophy and history.	7
9524864198	astrolabe	An instrument used by sailors to determine their location in sea by observing the positions of the stars.	8
9524864199	cartographer	A person who creates maps.	9
9524864200	circumnavigate	To go sail around the entire Earth.	10
9524864201	triangular trade	A pattern of trade that connected Europe, Asia, Africa & the Americas. Manufactured goods from Europe were sent to Africa, where they were exchanged for slaves, who were sent to the Americas, where they were exchanged for raw materials that were then sent to Europe. 1st: Good to Africa in exchanges for slaves, 2nd: (Middle Passage) Slaves to New World in exchange for molasses, tobacco, silver & sugar, 3rd: Products shipped to Europe	11
9524864202	Colombian Exchange	Europe conquests the New World. It was a movement of goods and ideas between the New & Old World that impacted both sides. Exchanges of plants, animals, diseases & technology transformed European & Native American ways of life.	12
9524864203	John Calvin	Converted to Protestantism & believed in the doctrine of justification of faith to explain how humans achieve salvation, like Luther. Emphasized God's powerful nature & predestination-God already knows who will be saved & who will be damned. (Swiss)	13
9524864204	Henry VIII	Found the Angilican Church because he wanted to end papal control over the English Church & wanted to divorce his wife (Catherine of Argon) because the Pope wouldn't let him.	14
9524864205	Leonardo da Vinci	Italian painter, engineer, musician, and scientist, as a painter Leonardo is best known for The Last Supper (c. 1495) and Mona Lisa (c. 1503).	15
9524864206	Christopher Columbus	Persuaded Ferdinand & Isabella of Spain to finance his voyage. In 1492, he sailed to the west & reached the New World on October 12, 1492 & claimed the land for Spain. He encountered the Native Americans & started the Columbian Exchange.	16
9524864207	Hernando Cortez	In 1519, he conquered the Aztec in Mexico with guns, horses & diseases.	17
9524864208	Martin Luther	Started the Protestant Reformation	18
9524864209	Council of Trent	Reaffirmed traditional Catholic teachings, condemned Protestantism, faith & good works leads to salvation, 7 sacraments, clerical celibacy & outlawed indulgences. New doctrine gave Catholic Church new confidence.	19
9524864210	Niccolo Machiavelli	Italian Renaissance writer who wrote The Prince. Said monarchs should maintain their power by vague moral tenants & should be selfish (the end justifies the mean).	20
9524864211	Ferdinand Magellan	Sailed all the way west from Spain & circumnavigated the globe. Died in the Philippines.	21
9524864212	Henry the Navigator	Important figure in 15th century politics & started the profitable long distance sea trade routes for Portugal. Set up a school for sailors.	22
9524864213	Moctezuma	Aztec emperor.	23
9524864214	Copernicus	Discovered that the Earth & the planets revolve around the Sun (heliocentric).	24
9524864215	Explain the importance of the explorations and ideas of Christopher Columbus.	Christopher Columbus' discovery of the New World resulted in the Columbian exchange which was a movement of goods and ideas between the New & Old World that impacted both sides. Exchanges of plants, animals, diseases & technology transformed European & Native American ways of life.	25
9524864216	Explain the effects the development of printing had on the spread of knowledge. Give specific examples	Printing made ideas spread quickly & improved literacy of the common people. For example, Martin Luther used the printing press to publish his ideas for the people & translated the Bible into German so ordinary people could read it for themselves.	26
9524864217	Why did Luther criticize the Catholic Church?	The Catholic Church became corrupt & wasn't following Biblical principles. Also, they were selling indulgences, which were unacceptable to Luther. He believed that the Pope & Church was not a direct path to heaven & people had to read the scriptures for themselves.	27
9524864218	What were the results of the Catholic Reformation?	The Great Schism: the split between the Catholics & Protestants. Protestantism led to different interpretations of the Bible & denominations spin offs. There was religious mayhem, peasants revolutions & etc. It was considered to be a social & political movement that eventually led to religious tolerance.	28
9524864219	Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?	Italian city states were wealthy from the commerce & trade of the Middle Ages. Venice was the conduit for silk & spice trade from India & China. There was more leisure time, scholars preserved classical Greek & Roman learning & Rome was capital of Catholic Church. Italy was less entrenched in feudalism & no single monarchy. It had thriving economic centers & had wealthy patricians.	29
9524864220	Why did the Renaissance begin much later in northern Europe?	The Black Death delayed economic growth & they had less exposure to trade & new ideas. The printing press was a factor of why it eventually started in the north.	30
9524864221	How did Henry VIII react when the Pope refused to annul his first marriage?	He created the Anglican Church (Church of England) just so he could divorce his first wife.	31
9524864222	Why did European kings and queens encourage ocean exploration?	They wanted to find new trade routes (easier & cheaper way to get to the east), wanted more land & wealth	32
9524864223	In the 1600s, the Portuguese lost control of trade in the Indian Ocean to which nation?	The Dutch	33
9524864224	Who took over control of the spice trade from the Portuguese?	The Dutch	34
9524864225	Why did Spanish explorers travel to the Americas?	To find gold & other riches	35
9524864226	How did the Native Americans influence Europe? (Hint: Columbian Exchange)	Columbian exchange of new foods & ideas. Gave Europeans syphillis.	36
9524864227	By the 1500s, what was the most important element of African trade with Europe?	Enslaved Africans.	37
9524864228	Explain three reasons why the Spanish were able to conquer the Aztec and Incan empires	The Spanish brought diseases that the Aztecs & Incas had no immunity to. The weapons of the Spanish were much more advanced. Strong armies & government.	38
9524864229	List several ways the Renaissance differed from the Middle Ages.	Renaissance was the awakening or rebirth of culture. The Middle Ages was a time of feudalism because of political instability.	39
9524864230	Explain the trade operations in existence from 1450 and 1750, between Europe, Russia, Asia, the Middle East and China. How did the discovery of America and a route around Africa affect those trades?	Triangular Trade & Columbian Exchange.	40
9524864231	Explain the difference between Reformation and Protestant. What were the reasons that so many Protestant churches were created during the Renaissance? Think political, social and economic here.	Luther believed that if people just return to the scripture, they would see the one single truth & the church would be restored to its original simplicity. The problem was that this led to different interpretations of the Bible, leading to the formation of many Protestant churches. Catholic: Council of Trent reformed the Catholic Church to attract back followers. Protestants: Protestant Reformation to be separate from the corruption of the Catholic Church.	41

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AP world History Dates Flashcards

The entire dates packet, with a few other dates for my self.

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13563815751	Pottery, plows, woven textiles, metallurgy, and wheels Invented	8000 BCE - 4000 BCE	0
13563815752	Rise of Agriculture	About 8000 - 2000	1
13563815753	Mesopotamia	4000 BCE - 600 BCE	2
13563815754	Hammurabi's Code	1770 BCE	3
13563815755	Epic of Galgamesh	1700 BCE	4
13563815756	Invasion of the Hittites, who had iron	1500 BCE	5
13563815757	Nebuchadnezzar rebuilt Babylon	600 BCE	6
13563815758	Trade with Indus River Valley Throughout	4000 BCE - 600 BCE	7
13563815759	Zoroastrianism Springs up around Eastern Edge of Persian Empire	600 BCE	8
13563815760	Hebrews/ Judaism - Led by Moses, first Monotheistic Religion, between Egypt and Meso	1300 BCE	9
13563815761	Achaemenid Persian Empire	550 BCE - 330 BCE	10
13563815762	Seleucid Persian Empire	310 BCE - 60 BCE	11
13563815763	Jesus Christ, or Jesus of Nazareth lives	2 BCE - 33 CE	12
13563815764	Rise of Islam - Muhhammad	600's	13
13563815765	Islamic dynasty - Umayyad Dynasty	650 - 750 CE	14
13563815766	Islamic dynasty - Abbasid Dynasty	750 - 1258 CE	15
13563815767	Sufi Mystics and Missionaries spread Islam	1200 - 1600 CE	16
13563815768	Ottoman Empire	1280 - 1923 CE	17
13563815769	What 3 things did the Ottomans have during their existence. Think main things/ key terms	1280 - 1923 CE 1) Janissaries and use of Gunpowder 2) Devshirme ( taking Christian boys, turned to military/ advisors) 3) Millets ( groups of non- muslims, like Jews, Greeks, ect. who were allowed to live in the Ottoman Empire	18
13563815770	Conquest of Constantinople	1453 CE	19
13563815771	Height of Ottoman Power	1550 CE in Europe and Middle East, most powerful.	20
13563815772	Suleyman the Magnificent. What did he do and when?	1520 - 1566 CE Expanded empire, Modernized army, known as the law giver because he improved legal system, patron of the arts.	21
13563815773	Decline of Ottomans and Unequal Treaties with Europe	mid 1800's	22
13563815774	Armenian Genocide. Who was killing the Armenians and when?	1890 - 1920 CE	23
13563815775	When did the Ottoman Empire collapse? What took it's place?	1923 CE Was replaced by the Republic of Turkey	24
13563815776	Republic of Turkey	1923 - Present	25
13563815777	Mandate system. who uses it? what region is it used on? When?	French and British Govern Middle East after WWI 1920 - 1945	26
13563815778	Iranian Revolution	1979	27
13563815779	Islamic Republic or Iran	1979 - Present	28
13563815780	Creation of Isreal. Who are moved?	1945 - Present Palestinians are displaced	29
13563815781	Islamic Republic of Pakistan - Pakistan Splits from India	1950 - Present	30
13563815782	black Plague Dates	1300's	31
13563815783	The Crusades	1100 - 1300 CE	32
13563815784	Yellow River Civilization	4000 BCE	33
13563815785	Shang Dynasty in the Yellow River Yalley	1600 - 1000 BCE	34
13563815786	Zhou Dynasty	1000 BCE - 250 BCE	35
13563815787	Mandate of heaven. Years and who made it?	1000 BCE Made by the Zhou	36
13563815788	Beginning of the Great Wall	600 BCE	37
13563815789	Confucius and birth of Confucianism	500 BCE	38
13563815790	Warring States Period	400 BCE - 220 BCE	39
13563815791	Daoism. What years and made by who?	400 BCE Developed by Laozi.	40
13563815792	Qin Dynasty and Qin Shi Huangdi	221 - 204 BCE	41
13563815793	What did Qin Shi Huangdi do?	Massive Centralization of power, built roads, great wall strengthened, used currencies, irrigation systems, and massive tomb for himself.	42
13563815794	Han dyansty. what continued. what was invented.	206 BCE - 206 CE Mandate of Heaven continued The Sternpost Rudder invented	43
13563815795	When was emperor Wudi in rule and what did she do?	in 120 BCE Began universities with Legalist and Confucian principles, and invaded Vietnam and Korea, Turned them to Tributary States.	44
13563815796	Silk Roads are completed under Han Dynasty	100 BCE	45
13563815797	Civil Service Exam started	605 CE	46
13563815798	Tang Dynasty. What grows in china during this time?	600 - 900 CE Neo Confucianism grows during this time; trying to get rid of "mystical" parts of Confucianism that had invaded it from Buddhism and Daoism; keeps filial piety	47
13563815799	Song Dynasty	900 - 1280 CE	48
13563815800	What was invented in the Song Dyansty?	paper money, porcelain, gunpowder, printing (not the press!) all invented/popularized 900 - 1280 CE	49
13563815801	What continued during the Song Dynasty?	Mandate of Heaven continues Big improvements in navigation for ships—although they were not all invented at this time the Magnetic Compass, Sternpost Rudders, and large ships became widely used for first time as Chinese mariners went to SE Asian islands to get spices 900-1300 CECivil Service Exam = more important	50
13563815802	Mongol Invasion and start of Yuan Dynasty	1200 - 1360 CE	51
13563815803	Ghengis Khan	1200 - 1230 CE	52
13563815804	Marco Polo's Travels, visits Khubilai Khan's Court	1280 CE	53
13563815805	Ming Dynasty	1350 - 1650 CE	54
13563815806	Who was Emperor Hongwu and what did he do. what year?	1350 CE -brings back Civil Service, -erases Mongol Influence --builds G Wall --expands Yongle Enxyclopedia	55
13563815807	when does Zhen He voyage? what dynasty?	1405 - 1430 CE Ming Dynasty	56
13563815808	Forbidden city built when? capital of what dyansty?	1400 - 1420 CE Capital of Ming and Qing Dyansty.	57
13563815809	Great wall Strengthened and rebuilt	1400 - 1650 CE	58
13563815810	New Food Crops, like maize and peanuts, arrive from Americas	1500 - 1600's	59
13563815811	who was Matteo Ricci and what did he do?	Christian Missionary, unsuccessful for the most part, arrives late 1500s	60
13563815812	Qing Dynasty, who started it. main things about this dynasty.	1650 - 1911 Started by Manchu Invaders; Manchus rule until 1911 Manchu elites keep power in the society Mandate of Heaven continues	61
13563815813	Emperor Kangxi. what did he do and what did he accomplish. when.	1660 - 1720 -long term wealth, stability, flourishing of arts -military conquest; longest ruling Chinese Emperor	62
13563815814	Emperor Qianlong. what did he do and what did he accomplish. when.	1735 - 1795 CE -another long, prosperous ruler; expanded China's power -wrote letter to British about them being puny	63
13563815815	Opium Wars	British economic imperialism--British dominate the war- 1839-1842 CE	64
13563815816	Taiping Rebellion. what was it? how many died?	massive rebellion in China against Manchus, 20 mill dead -1850 CE	65
13563815817	European Spheres of Influence and Economic Imperialism	late 1800's after Opium Wars	66
13563815818	Self-Strengthening Movement. What dynasty?	failed movement to try to industrialize and modernize in Qing Dynasty in late 1800s	67
13563815819	Boxer Rebellion	rebellion against foreign influence, 1900 CE	68
13563815820	Republic of China	1912 - 1949 Chinese Civil War for much of this time between Communists and Nationalists	69
13563815821	Rape of Nanking	1937 CE	70
13563815822	People's Republic of China	1949 - Present	71
13563815823	Mao	1945 - 1975 CE Cultural Revolution silences Mao's opponents, Great Leap Forward fails, increase in Chinese Nationalism	72
13563815824	Deng Xiaoping	1978-1992 modernized Chinese economy, allowed some capitalism	73
13563815825	Black Plague Dates	1300's and 1400's	74
13563815826	Heian/Feudal Period	800 CE to 1200 CE	75
13563815827	Start of Kabuki performance theater in Japan; elaborate dance-dramas	1600 CE	76
13563815828	Tokugawa Shogunate. key details	1600 to 1850 Tokugawa Ieyasu—1) starts Tokugawa Shogunate, 2) centralizes power, 3) makes Emperor a figurehead, and 4) also forbids European trading (except the Dutch—they were allowed!) 5) Lessens power of daimyo (nobles) by centralizing power and making them come to Tokyo every other year Isolation Peace and stability; new crops, population increase Merchant class rises Kabuki theater and flourishing of Japanese Culture	77
13563815829	Arrival of American Commodore Matthew Perry—"opens" Japan	1853	78
13563815830	Meiji Restoration/Empire of Japan. what did they do?	1870 to 1914 Foreign advisors brought in, samurais abolished, Japan modernizes in industry	79
13563815831	Sino-Japanese War	1895 = Japanese victories	80
13563815832	Russo-Japanese War	1905 = Japanese victories	81
13563815833	Japanese Imperialism	they establish an empire in the Pacific 1890 - 1945	82
13563815834	Atomic Bomb and japanese surrender in WW II	1945	83
13563815835	Democratic Japan	1945 - Present	84
13563815836	Indus River Valley/Harappans	2500 BCE to 1800 BCE	85
13563815837	when was Aryan Invasion who did they over take?	overtook Harappans 1800 BCE	86
13563815838	Vedic Age—Vedas—the primary texts of Hinduism—were recorded	. Also start of the caste system in India. 1500 - 500	87
13563815839	Jainism	700 BCE ahimsa or non-violence; every living thing has a soul, even insects; appeals to lower classes because of less rigid social classes	88
13563815840	Buddha and Birth of Buddhism	540 BCE	89
13563815841	Mauryan Empire	300-150 BCE	90
13563815842	Ashoka	270 - 230 BCE great Buddhist Military leader, expanded Mauryan power, but cared for his subjects	91
13563815843	Gupta Empire	320 CE - 550 CE	92
13563815844	Delhi Sultanate	1200 to 1500 CE	93
13563815845	Arrival of Islam in Northern India	1100 CE	94
13563815846	Vasco de Gama arrives where? When? what does he start?	1498 Indian Coast start of trading posts on Indian coast.(BEIC VOC)	95
13563815847	Mughal Empire	Muslim minority ruling over Hindu Majority 1520 - 1850 CE	96
13563815848	Akbar the Great. What did he Do? When?	religious toleration, married a Hindu, expanded territory (window!) eliminated jizya tax on Hindus 1600 CE	97
13563815849	Shah Jahan What did he Do? When?	peacock throne, Taj Mahal, expanded Mughal rule 1630 CE	98
13563815850	Aurangzeb What did he Do? When?	no religious toleration, brough back jizya-- 1670 CE	99
13563815851	BEIC starts building lots of trading posts, increasing influence	1600 - 1857 CE	100
13563815852	Sepoy Rebellion. What is it? When?	1857—Indian troops rebel against BEIC rule	101
13563815853	Royal British Colony of India. Colony to who?	1860 - 1947	102
13563815854	Indian National Congress forms when and fights for what?	fights for independence eventually 1885 CE	103
13563815855	Indian Muslim League forms. led by who?	led eventually by Muhammad Jinnah	104
13563815856	Gandhi and Nehru lead fight for freedom	1925 - 1950 CE	105
13563815857	Salt March	Salt March	106
13563815858	India negotiates independence	1950 CE	107
13563815859	Republic of India. when and what is it.	1950 - Present; partition with Pakistan as boundaries are redrawn	108
13563815860	what is Islamic Republic of Pakistan and when was it.	Pakistan splits and partitioned from India: 1950 - Present	109
13563815861	what is Population Resettlement and when was it?	Migration of Indian Muslims to Pakistan 1950 - 1955 CE	110
13563815862	Carolingian Empire - France at it's heart.	800 - 900 CE	111
13563815863	Vikings	800-1200 CE	112
13563815864	Europeans start using Sternpost Rudder, Lateen Sails, Astrolabe, Magnetic Compass, Caravel Ships	1400 - 1600	113
13563815865	Britain	forms around 1500	114
13563815866	King Henry VIII	divorces wife and starts Church of England, 1540 CE	115
13563815867	Writings of Shakespeare	1600 CE	116
13563815868	when was the English Civil War and what did it accomplish.	results in Constitutional Monarchy, meaning that Parliament has some power and the power of the absolute Monarch is limited 1650 CE	117
13563815869	when does Adam Smith Publishes the Wealth of Nations and what does it accomplish.	the economic book that inspires capitalism during Industrialization 1776 CE	118
13563815870	Stock Markets expand around the world and stock trading,	1750-1914 CE	119
13563815871	Absolutism and Louis XIV at Versailles	1643 - 1715 CE	120
13563815872	French Revolution and Reign of Terror	1789 CE	121
13563815873	Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen	1789 CE	122
13563815874	Napoleon	1800 -1815 CE	123
13563815875	Height of Spanish Power	1500's and 1600's (American Colonies)	124
13563815876	Isabella and Ferdinand Sponsor Columbus	1492	125
13563815877	Decline of spanish Power	1700s and 1800s especially in Asia and the Pacific	126
13563815878	Prince Henry the Navigator, King sponsors Portugues exploration in Caravel Ships	1400s	127
13563815879	Dias explores African coast. sponsored by who?	1480 Portugal	128
13563815880	De Gama rounds Africa to India. Sponsored by who?	1497 Portugal	129
13563815881	Portuguese establish trading posts and attempt to dominate Indian Ocean Trade	1500s	130
13563815882	Portugues colonies in Brazil	1500-1800	131
13563815883	Decline of Portuguese power in Asia, Pacific, and Indian Ocean	1700s and 1800s	132
13563815884	what did Otto Von Bismarck do? what time?	prime minister who wins wars against foreign countries to help spark German nationalism and unite Germany as a country 1871 CE	133
13563815885	Marco Polo's Journeys	1280 CE	134
13563815886	Renaissance	1300's to 1600's	135
13563815887	what was Mercantilism?	economic theory that Europeans believed in; there was a race to control all of the gold/silver/valuable materials in the world; encouraged colonies 1500's to 1800	136
13563815888	Trading Post Empires in Africa, South Asia, SE Asia	1500's to 1800's	137
13563815889	When was the Thirty Years' War and what was it about?	religious conflict between European states, Holy Roman Empire left weak at the end 1620-1650 CE	138
13563815890	Scientific Revolution	1550 - 1750	139
13563815891	what was the Scientific Revolution discovery of Gallileo	sun was center of universe, not earth. Persecuted by church	140
13563815892	what was the Scientific Revolution discovery of Newton	laws of physics and gravity	141
13563815893	what was the Scientific Revolution discovery of Descartes	reason and logic were important in discovering truth; all of Scientific Revolution emphasizes reason and logic and threatens religion	142
13563815894	Enlightenment	1650 - 1800	143
13563815895	what was the Enlightenment ideology of Locke	life, liberty and property	144
13563815896	what was the Enlightenment ideology of Montesquieu	branches of govt with legislative, executive, judicial, with checks and balances so that no one branch gets too much power	145
13563815897	what was the Enlightenment ideology of Voltaire	free speech and religious toleration	146
13563815898	what was the Enlightenment ideology of Rousseau	Social Contract = people must give up their own interests for public good	147
13563815899	when and who invented the printing press?	Printing Press Invented by Johannes Gutenberg—1450 CE	148
13563815900	Protestant Reformation	1520 -1600	149
13563815901	Martin Luther	1520 CE	150
13563815902	Catholic Counter-Reformation	Catholics Strike back in 1500's and 1600s Witch Hunts!	151
13563815903	Age of European Maritime Exploration in Western Europe	1400 CE to 1780 CE	152
13563815904	Columbus, where and when did he explore?	1492 explored Carribean/Americas:	153
13563815905	De Gama, where and when did he explore?	1498's African Coast and India:	154
13563815906	Dias. where and when did he explore?	African Coast: 1480's	155
13563815907	Magellan. where and when did he explore?	Circumnavigated the world (although he died on way): early 1500's	156
13563815908	Cook. where and when did he explore?	Explored Pacific Islands and Australia/New Zealand: 1760-1780	157
13563815909	when is the Seven Year's War? who is it between? what does it lead to?	1756-63) -War between British and French for control of colonies in N. America, India, and Caribbean. Results in British Hegemony, strongest power in the world.	158
13563815910	when does Industrialization in Western Europe take place and what does it do?	European urbanization, coal, iron and timber, and the development of machines lead to rise of industry 1750 - 1850 CE	159
13563815911	Rise of steel, electricity, and better machinery	2nd half of Industrial Revolution 1850-1920	160
13563815912	Industrialization takes off in Britain	early 1800s-1900	161
13563815913	Steam Engine	1765	162
13563815914	Machine power, spinning jenny, flying shuttle, for textiles	late 1700s/early 1800s	163
13563815915	Industrialization spreads to USA, rest of Europe, Japan when?	Throughout 1800s	164
13563815916	Telegraph	1830 Helps communication and with colonies as well.	165
13563815917	Karl Marx publishes Communist Manifesto	1848	166
13563815918	communism spreads through Europe until Lenin leads Bolshevik Revolution	1917	167
13563815919	when does Socialism, related to communism, also spread?	1850- 1900	168
13563815920	World War I	1914 - 1918 CE	169
13563815921	Great Depression and Rise of Fascism. What does it do and change?	1930s (right before World War II!) Governments change how they act, New Deal, Capitalist govts get more involved in the economy to provide jobs	170
13563815922	When was World War II and what are key events?	939-1945 -The Holocaust -The Atomic Bomb	171
13563815923	Cold War	1945-1990	172
13563815924	when was NATO made and what is it?	democratic alliance of US and Western Europe 1949	173
13563815925	Who did the Warsaw Pact affect and when.	Soviet alliance with Eastern European and Central Asian countries 1955	174
13563815926	Proxy War -- Korean War	1950	175
13563815927	Cuban Missile Crisis	1960	176
13563815928	Proxy War --Vietnam War	1960s/70s	177
13563815929	Proxy War--Soviet War in Afghanistan	1980s	178
13563815930	Proxy Wars in South America	Proxy Wars in South America	179
13563815931	Ivan the Terrible	expanded Russian Empire, killed boyars (Russian nobles) to strengthen his power 1550 CE	180
13563815932	Serfdom in Russia. who ended it?	1000 CE to 1861 CE Ended in 1861 CE by Alexander II	181
13563815933	Great Emancipation Reform	Serfs still have massive problems finding jobs, many work in horrible factory conditions, rebellions in late 1800s	182
13563815934	Romanov Dynasty	1600 CE - 1917 CE	183
13563815935	What did Peter the Great Do and when?	Westernization of Russia ; traveled to west, modernize military, cut off beards, etc. 1689-1725	184
13563815936	What are 3 important tings about Catherine the Great and what time was she.	Enlightened Absolute Monarch; 1-continued Peter's modernization; 2-expanded the empire, taking land from Ottomans; 3—built schools, hospitals, tolerant of religions 1760 - 1800 CE	185
13563815937	Who tries to industrialize Russia?	Sergei Witte, Russia attempts to Industrialize.	186
13563815938	What did Sergei Witte succeed in doing?	Successful in building Trans-Siberian Railroad, Steel Industry booms. Poor factory conditions. 1880-1910	187
13563815939	Bloody Sunday Massacre was when? what was happening and by who?	1905 revolt of factory workers who used to be serfs which led to the in decline Romanov dynasty	188
13563815940	Bolshevik Revolution was led by who?	1917 CE led by Lenin	189
13563815941	Soviet Union	1920 -1990	190
13563815942	Stalin in power	Five Year Plans, collectivization, gulags, labor camps, 1925 - 1955 CE	191
13563815943	Gorbachev	1985-1990 CE	192
13563815944	Fall of Soviet Union	1990	193
13563815945	Russia	1990 - Present	194

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AP Literature: Lesson 3 Vocabulary Flashcards

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11258730779	amalgam	(n.) an alloy of mercury and other metals; a mixture of different elements (composite, compound, fusion, soup, mishmash)	0
11258730780	antediluvian	(adj.) very old or old-fashioned (ancient, antique, old, primitive, archaic, primordial)	1
11258730781	apothecary	(n.) one who prepares and sells ointments, drugs, and similarities for medicinal purposes (pharmacologist, dispenser, druggist, gallipot)	2
11258730782	ascetic	(adj.) refraining from self-indulgence (abstinent, disciplined, puritanical, strict)	3
11258730783	beneficent	(adj.) doing or producing good (altruistic, benevolent, charitable, compassionate, generous, helpful, kind, humanitarian, philanthropic)	4
11258730784	charlatan	(n.) one who falsely claims knowledge or ability (con artist, fake, cheat, fraud, imposter, phony, sham, pretender)	5
11258730785	denizen	(n.) an inhabitant, resident, or frequenter of a place (dweller, occupant, citizen, settler)	6
11258730786	doyen	(n.) a senior member of a group, especially one who is highly respected (chief, director, commander, head, manager, officer, ruler, boss, captain)	7
11258730787	flora	(n.) plants considered as a group in a particular area or era (vegetation, plants, verdure, greenery)	8
11258730788	imbibe	(v.) to consume by drinking (assimilate, ingest, absorb, gorge, swallow, devour)	9
11258730789	nostrum	(n.) a medicine or remedy whose effectiveness has not been proven (elixir, cure, drug, fix, potion, remedy, panacea)	10
11258730790	obviate	(v.) to prevent or make unnecessary; to get rid of (counteract, avert, block, hinder, remove, deter, interfere, restrain)	11
11258730791	perennial	(adj.) lasting indefinitely or recurring (chronic, persistent, continuing, eternal, everlasting, immortal, enduring, perpetual)	12
11258730792	putative	(adj.) commonly accepted or supposed; assumed to exist (presumed, hypothetical, reputed, alleged)	13
11258730793	savant	(n.) a person with detailed knowledge in a specialized field (expert, intellect, sage, scholar, connoisseur, adept, highbrow)	14