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Ap Language Flashcards

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6135529003	Abscond	To depart secretly as for the purpose of escaping arrest	0
6135529004	Acrimonious	Bitter,filled with animosity	1
6135586406	Adroit	Having skill in the use of bodily or mental powers	2
6135586407	Altercate	To contend angrily or zealously in words	3
6135586408	Anemometer	An instrument for measuring the force or velocity of wind	4
6135586409	Antithesis	Exact opposite or direct contrast	5
6135586410	Banal	Commonplace	6
6135586411	Behemoth	Huge creature	7
6135586412	Cacophony	Jarring, unpleasant noise	8
6135586413	Capacious	Large,roomy; extensive	9
6135586414	Cavort	To frolic, prance about	10
6135586415	Cessation	Temporary or complete halt	11
6135586416	Condone	To pardon or forgive, overlook	12
6135586417	Dearth	Lack, scarcity, insufficiency	13
6135586418	Desultory	At random, rambling, unmethodical	14
6240760506	Dither	To move or act confusedly or without clear purpose	15
6240760507	Ebb	To fade away, recede	16
6240760508	Eclectic	Selecting from various sources	17
6240760509	Emollient	Having soothing qualities especially for skin	18
6240760510	Exacerbate	To aggravate, intensify the bad qualities of	19
6240760511	Extol	Praise	20
6240760512	Fallow	Uncultivated,unused	21
6240760513	Fraught	Full of, accompanied by	22
6240760514	Gnostic	Having to do with knowledge	23
6240760515	Hackneyed	Worn out by overuse	24
6240760516	Iconoclast	One who attacks traditional beliefs	25
6240760517	Immutable	Unchangeable, invariable	26
6240760518	Ignominious	Disgraceful and dishonorable	27
6240760519	Incorrigible	Incapable of being corrected	28
6240760520	Insidious	Sly, treacherous	29
6361550342	Jaded	Tired by excess or overuse; slightly cynical	30
6361550343	Lachrymose	Tearful	31
6361550344	Lassitude	Lethargy,sluggishness	32
6361550345	Licentious	Immoral;unrestrained by society	33
6361550346	Lionize	Treat as a celebrity	34
6361550347	Maelstrom	Whirlpool;turmoil; agitated state of mind	35
6361550348	Maladroit	Clumsy tactless	36
6361550349	Malediction	The calling down of a curse or curses	37
6361550350	Malodorous	Foul smelling	38
6361550351	Necromancer	One who practices the art of foretelling the future by means of communication with the dead	39
6361550352	Necrosis	The death of part of the body	40
6361550353	Obdurate	Stubborn	41
6361550354	Obstreperous	Troublesome, boisterous	42
6361550355	Ostentatious	Showy	43
6361550356	Palpable	Obvious, real, tangible	44
6409849970	Parsimony	Stinginess	45
6409849971	Paucity	Fewness, scarcity, lack	46
6409849972	Pejorative	Having bad connotations; disparaging	47
6409849973	Perdition	Complete and utter loss; damnation	48
6409849974	Perspicacious	Shrewd, astute, keen witted	49
6409849975	Quack	Faker; one who falsely claims to have medical skills	50
6409849976	Quiescence	Inactivity; stillness	51
6409849977	Raconteur	Witty, skillful storyteller	52
6409849978	Recalcitrant	Resisting authority or control	53
6409849979	Resplendent	Splendid, brilliant	54
6409849980	Revelry	Boisterous festivity	55
6409849981	Sagacity	Wisdom, sound judgement	56
6409849982	Sardonic	Cynical, scornfully mocking	57
6409849983	Scintilla	Trace amount, the faintest ray	58
6409849984	Tacit	Silently understood or implied	59
6495636210	Tenuous	Weak insubstantial	60
6495636211	Ubiquitous	Being everywhere simultaneously	61
6495636212	Umbrage	Offense, resentment	62
6495636213	Upbraid	Scold sharply	63
6495636214	Vapid	Tasteless,dull	64
6495636215	Veracity	Accuracy, truth	65
6495636216	Vicarious	Substitute, surrogate; enjoyed	66
6495636217	Voracious	Having great appetite	67
6495636218	Weal	Well-being	68
6495636219	Witling	A person who has little understanding	69
6495636220	Wittingly	With knowledge and by design	70
6495636221	Wry	Amusing, ironic	71
6495636222	Xenophobia	Fear or hatred of foreigners	72
6495636223	Zeitgeist	The intellectual and moral tendencies that characterize any age or epoch	73
6495636224	Zenith	Highest point, summit	74

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GWHS AP Biology - Chapter 22: Descent with Modification Flashcards

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8585740383	Adaptation(s)	Inherited characteristic of an organism that enhances its survival and reproduction in specific environments.	0
8585740384	Analogous	Having characteristics that are similar because of convergent evolution, not homology.	1
8585740385	Artificial Selection	The selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to encourage the occurrence of desirable traits.	2
8585740386	Biogeography	The study of the past and present distribution of species.	3
8585740387	Catastrophism	The principle that events in the past occurred suddenly and were caused by different mechanisms than those operating today. See uniformitarianism.	4
8585740388	Continental Drift	The slow movement of the continental plates across Earth's surface.	5
8585740389	Convergent Evolution	The evolution of similar features in independent evolutionary lineages.	6
8585740390	Endemic	Referring to a species that is confined to a specific, relatively small geographic area.	7
8585740391	Evolutionary Tree(s)	A branching diagram that reflects a hypothesis about evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms.	8
8585740392	Fossil(s)	A preserved remnant or impression of an organism that lived in the past.	9
8585740393	Homologous Structure(s)	Structures in different species that are similar because of common ancestry.	10
8585740394	Homology	Similarity in characteristics resulting from a shared ancestry.	11
8585740395	Marsupial	A mammal, such as a koala, kangaroo, or opossum, whose young complete their embryonic development inside a maternal pouch called the marsupium.	12
8585740396	Natural Selection	A process in which organisms with certain inherited characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than are organisms with other characteristics.	13
8585740397	Paleontology	The scientific study of fossils.	14
8585740398	Pangaea	The supercontinent that formed near the end of the Paleozoic era, when plate movements brought all the landmasses of Earth together.	15
8585740399	Stratum	A rock layer formed when new layers of sediment cover older ones and compress them.	16
8585740400	Trait(s)	Any detectable variant in a genetic character.	17
8585740401	Uniformitarianism	The principle stating that mechanisms of change are constant over time. See catastrophism.	18
8585740402	Vestigial Structure	A structure of marginal, if any, importance to an organism. Vestigial structures are historical remnants of structures that had important functions in ancestors.	19

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Ap World History Geography Review Flashcards

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14715834702	Nile River		0
14715834703	Indus River		1
14715834704	Huang He		2
14715834707	Amazon River		3
14715834708	Atlantic Ocean		4
14715834709	Pacific Ocean		5
14715834710	Indian Ocean		6
14715834711	Mediterranean Sea		7
14715834712	Black Sea		8
14715834713	Caspian Sea		9
14715834714	Arabian Sea		10
14715834715	Himalayas		11
14715834716	Alps		12
14715834717	Caucasus Mountains		13
14715834718	Ural Mountains		14
14715834719	Andes		15
14715834720	Gobi Desert		16
14715834721	Sahara Desert		17
14715834722	Kalahari Desert		18
14715834723	Arabian Peninsula		19
14715834724	Korean Peninsula		20
14715834725	Caribbean		21
14715834726	Middle East		22
14715834727	South Asia		23
14715834728	Southeast Asia		24
14715834729	Indonesia		25
14715834731	Japan		26
14715834732	Canton		27
14715834733	Baghdad		28
14715834735	Mecca		29
14715834736	Malacca (Melaka)		30
14715834737	Constantinople/Istanbul		31
14715834738	Cordoba		32
14715834739	Jerusalem		33
14715834740	Tenochtitlan		34
14715834741	Timbuktu		35
14715834742	Beijing		36
14715834744	Calcutta		37
14715834746	Moscow		38
14715834747	South China Sea		39
14715834748	Strait of Gibraltar		40
14715834749	Bering Sea		41
14715834750	Sea of Japan		42
14715834751	Bosporus		43
14715834752	Persian Gulf		44
14715834753	Niger River		45
14715834755	Ganges River		46
14715834756	Yangtze River		47
14715834757	Pyrenees Mountains		48
14715834759	Swahili Coast		49
14715834766	Sub-Saharan Africa	Portion of the African continent lying south of the Sahara.	50
14715834760	Iberian Peninsula		51
14715834762	Malaysian Peninsula		52
14715834763	Crimean Peninsula		53
14715834767	Anatolia	A large peninsula at the western edge of Asia; also called Asia Minor	54
14715834764	Central Asia Steppes		55

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AP World History Vocabulary Battle Part 3 Flashcards

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13187075790	Equal field system	Chinese system during the Tang dynasty in which the goal was to ensure an equitable distribution of land	0
13187075791	Grand canal	Located in China, it was one of the world's largest waterworks projects before modern times	1
13187075792	Neo-Confucianism	Philosophy that attempted to merge certain basic elements of Confucian and Buddhist thought	2
13187075793	Porcelain	Lighter, thinner and adaptable ceramic	3
13187075794	Song dynasty	Reigned during the late 10th-13th centuries and had a far-reaching impact on Chinese economy, culture, and society. It was marked by an increasingly urbanized and cosmopolitan society	4
13187075795	Tang dynasty	An imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui dynasty. Considered to be the Golden Age of China because of its advancements in technology, medicine, and trade. The foundation of their greatness was from the emphasis put into study which led to stronger leadership and ideas.	5
13187075796	Abbasid dynasty	Cosmopolitan Arabic dynasty that replaced the Umayyads; founded by Abu al-Abbas and reached its peak under Harun al-Rashid	6
13187075797	Allah	God of the monotheistic religion of Islam	7
13187075798	Caliph	"Deputy," Islamic leader after the death of Muhammad	8
13187075799	dar al-Islam	The "house of Islam", a term for the Islamic world. It refers to lands under the Islamic rule as a whole; it continued to grow during the Abbasid era.	9
13187075800	Five Pillars of Islam	The foundations of Islam: 1. Profession of faith 2. prayer 3. fasting during Ramadan 4. almsgiving 5. pilgrimage or hajj	10
13187075801	hajj	Pilgrimage to Mecca	11
13187075802	Islam	Monotheistic religion announced by the prophet Muhammad; influenced by Judaism and Christianity, Muhammad was considered the final prophet because the earlier religions had not seen the entire picture	12
13187075803	jizya	Tax in Islamic empires that was imposed on non-Muslims	13
13187075804	Ka'aba	main shrine in Mecca, goal of Muslims embarking on the hajj	14
13187075805	Muhammad	Prophet of Islam	15
13187075806	Quran	Islamic holy book that is believed to contain the divine revelations of Allah as presented to Muhammad	16
13187075807	Sunni	"Traditionalists," the most popular branch of Islam; Sunnis believe in the legitimacy of the early caliphs, compared with the Shiite belief that only a descendant of Ali can lead	17
13187075808	umma	Islamic term for the "community of the faithful"	18
13187075809	Ummayad dynasty	Arabic dynasty, with its capital at Damascus, that was marked by a tremendous period of expansion to Spain in the west and India in the east	19
13187075810	Melaka (Malacca)	Southeast Asian kingdom that was predominantly Islamic	20
13187075811	Axum	African kingdom centered in Ethiopia that became an early and lasting center of Coptic Christianity	21
13187075812	caste system	class structure that is determined by birth.	22
13187075813	Byzantine Empire	Long-lasting empire centered at Constantinople; it grew out of the end of the Roman empire, carried the legacy of Roman greatness, and was the only classical society to survive into the early modern age; it reached its early peak during the reign of Justinian	23
13187075814	caesaropapism	Concept relating to the mixing of political and religious authority, as with the Roman emperors, that was central to the church-versus-state controversy in medieval Europe	24
13187075815	Vikings	A group that raided the British Isles from their home at Vik in southern Norway	25
13187075816	shamans	Religious specialists who possessed supernatural powers and who communicated with the gods and the spirits of nature	26
13187075817	Yuan dynasty	Chinese dynasty that was founded by Genghis Khan's grandson	27
13187075818	Bantu	Collective name of a large group of sub-Saharan African languages and of the peoples speaking these languages.	28
13187075819	Great Zimbabwe	Large sub-Saharan African kingdom in the 15th century	29
13187075820	Mali empire	West African kingdom founded in the 13th century by Sundiata; it reached its peak during the reign of Mansa Masu	30
13187075821	Sundiata	Founder of the Mali empire, also the inspiration for the Sundiata, an African literary and mythological work	31
13187075822	Swahili	East African city-state society that dominated the coast from Mogadishu to Kilwa and was active in trade. Also a Bantu language of East Africa, or a member of a group who speaks this language	32
13187075823	Marco Polo	Italian merchant whose account of his travels to China and other lands became legendary	33
13187075824	reconquista	Crusade, ending in 1492, to drive the Islamic forces out of Spain	34
13187075825	three estates	The three classes of European society, composed of the clergy #1, the aristocrats #2 and the common people #3	35
13187075826	Hangzhou	Capital of later Song dynasty; located near East China Sea; permitted overseas trading; population exceeded 1 million	36
13187075827	Mecca	Original city of Islam, birthplace of Muhammad, location of the hajj	37
13187075828	Mongols	Nomadic horse-people from the eastern steppe of Asia that created the largest empire in the history of the world.	38
13187075829	Pax Mongolica (13th-14th centuries)	Mongols guaranteed safe passage for traders, missionaries, and travelers such as Marco Polo, trade flourished, silk, Asian artistic designs moved westward, Mongols gain incredible wealth taxing the trade, peaceful travel across Asia, cultural exchanges, exchange of ideas, medical, mathematics, finance, engineering knowledge flows between China and Middle East, printing, gunpowder transmitted from China to Europe, spread of bubonic plague.	39
13187075830	Spice Roads	The trade of spices from Asia and India to Italian and Muslim merchants who would then trade it to Europeans.	40
13187075831	Baghdad	Located on the Silk Roads, it was the capital city of the Abbasid Caliphate.	41
13187075832	Horse collar	Harnessing method that increased the efﬁciency of horses by shifting the point of traction from the animal's neck to the shoulders; its adoption favors the spread of horse-drawn plows and vehicles	42
13187075833	Mansa Musa	Greatest Mali king; brought Mali to its peak of power and wealth from 1312 the 1337; expanded borders, maintained peace and order, religious freedom and tolerance; hajj to Mecca; built Timbuktu	43
13187075834	Timbuktu	Port city of Mali; located just off the flood plain on the great bend in the Niger River; population of 50,000; contained a library and university.	44
13187075835	Ibn Battuta	Moroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan	45
13187075836	Caravanserai	a roadside inn where travelers (caravaners) could rest and recover from the day's journey; supported the flow of commerce, information and people across the network of trade routes covering Asia, North Africa and Southeast Europe, especially along the Silk Road.	46
13187075837	Astrolabe	astronomical tool for solving problems relating to time and the position of the Sun and stars in the sky, in relation to the equator	47
13187075838	Hanseatic League	a commercial and defensive confederation of merchant guilds and their market towns in Europe before 1450s	48
13187075839	Bananas	Arrived to Africa via Southeast Asia, cultivation increased the supply of food, enriched diets, and allowed the population to expand more rapidly than before.	49
13187075840	bubonic plague	pathogen spread via the increased interactions amongst peoples on/around trade routes in Eurasia	50
13187075841	Peasant Labor	System in Europe that kept individuals tied to land and land-owning elites	51
13187075842	Foot Binding	Practice in Song Dynasty, increased patriarchal attitudes of society	52