| 9907619802 | Allegory | Fictional work in which the characters represent ideas or concepts(Purpose: Convey difficult idea through an in-depth metaphorical narrative) | | 0 |
| 9907619803 | Alliteration | The repetition of consonant sounds, usually at the beginning of words |  | 1 |
| 9907619804 | Allusion | A reference, usually oblique or faint, to another thing, idea, or person(Ex: Aslan in "The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe" represents Christ) | | 2 |
| 9907619805 | Ambiguity | Uncertain or indefinite; subject to more than one interpretation(Ex: I rode a black horse in red pajamas.) | | 3 |
| 9907619806 | Analogy | The correspondence or resemblance between two things that are essentially different(Ex: medicine : illness :: law : anarchy) | | 4 |
| 9907619845 | Anaphora | repetition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row(Ex: "This blessed plot, this earth, this realm, this England,This nurse, this teeming womb of royal kings [. . .]This land of such dear souls, this dear dear land,") from Act 2 Scene 1 of "Richard II" | | 5 |
| 9907619807 | Antecedent | Every pronoun refers back to a previous noun or pronoun(Ex: The weather is great today; let's make the most of it by going to the beach.) | | 6 |
| 9907619846 | Antimetabole | Half of expression is balanced, other half is backwards.(Ex: "Eat to live, not live to eat." - Socrates) | | 7 |
| 9907619808 | Antithesis | An opposition or contrast of ideas that is often expressed in balanced phrases or clauses(Ex: Man proposes, God disposes.) | | 8 |
| 9907619809 | Apostrophe | A figure of speech in which an absent person or personified object is addressed by a speaker(Ex: "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star") | | 9 |
| 9907619810 | Appositive | A word or phrase that follow a noun or pronoun for emphasis or clarity(Purpose(s): Provide essential or non-essential information, Gives meanings to sentences in different texts, etc) | | 10 |
| 9907619847 | Archaic Diction | the use of words that are old-fashioned or no longer commonly used(Ex: "steed" instead of "horse" or "stallion") | | 11 |
| 9907619848 | Asyndeton/ Polysyndeton | Commas used (with no conjunction) to separate a series of words. The parts are emphasized equally when the conjunction is omitted; in addition, the use of commas with no intervening conjunction speeds up the flow of the sentence. X, Y, Z as opposed to X, Y, and Z.(Ex: "Without looking, without making a sound, without talking" from Sophecles' "Oedipus at Colonus") | | 12 |
| 9907619849 | Atmosphere | The emotional feeling -or mood- of a place, scene, or event(Purpose: Create emotional effects) | | 13 |
| 9907619850 | Caricature | A grotesque or exaggerated likeness of striking qualities in persons and things( Purpose: Portray important political or artistic ideas) | | 14 |
| 9907619851 | Clause | A structural element of a sentence, consisting of a grammatical subject and a predicate(Ex: Ghost stories are a lot of fun, if you tell them late at night with the lights off.) | | 15 |
| 9907619852 | Chiasmus | Arrangement of repeated thoughts in the pattern of X Y Y X. It is often short and summarizes a main idea(Ex: "Never let a Fool Kiss You or a Kiss Fool You.") | | 16 |
| 9907619811 | Colloquial Language | Slang or common language that is informal(Ex: "That totally grossed me out.") | | 17 |
| 9907619853 | Conceit | A witty or ingenious thought; a diverting or highly fanciful idea, often stated in figurative language(Ex: "Love is like an oil change.") | | 18 |
| 9907619812 | Connotative | The interpretive level of a word based on associated images rather than the literal meaning(Ex: "Wall Street" = wealth and power) | | 19 |
| 9907619854 | Denotation | the literal or dictionary meaning of a word(Ex: Dog suggests an ugly face.) | | 20 |
| 9907619813 | Diction | An author's choice of words(Purpose: Create & convey a typical mood, tone and atmosphere) | | 21 |
| 9907619814 | Didactic | Writing which has the purpose of teaching or instructing(Ex: Religious texts(teach us about the reality of God)) | | 22 |
| 9907619815 | Euphemism | A mild or pleasant sounding expression that substitutes for a harsh, indelicate, or simply less pleasant idea(Ex: Correctional facility instead of jail) | | 23 |
| 9907619855 | Exigence | An issue, problem, or situation that causes or prompts someone to write or speak(Ex: PSAs about particular health issues) | | 24 |
| 9907619856 | Extended Metaphor | A series of comparisons between two unlike objects(Ex: Bobby Holloway says my imagination is a three-hundred-ring circus. Currently I was in ring two hundred and ninety-nine, with elephants dancing and clowns cart wheeling and tigers leaping through rings of fire. The time had come to step back, leave the main tent, go buy some popcorn and a Coke, bliss out, cool down."
(Dean Koontz, Seize the Night. Bantam, 1999)) | | 25 |
| 9907619816 | Figurative Language | All uses of language that imply an imaginative comparison(Ex: Personification) | | 26 |
| 9907619857 | Figure of Speech | A device used to produce figurative language(Ex: Metaphor) | | 27 |
| 9907619858 | Genre | The major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama(Ex: Non-fiction) | | 28 |
| 9907619859 | Homily | Includes any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice(Purpose: Convey moral lesson, mainly a religious one) | | 29 |
| 9907619817 | Hyperbole | A figure of speech in which exaggeration is used to achieve emphasis(Ex: Your suitcase weighs a ton!) | | 30 |
| 9907619818 | Imagery | A mental picture that is conjured by specific words and associations(Purpose: Generate a vibrant presentation of a scene that appeals to as many of the reader's senses as possible) | | 31 |
| 9907619860 | Inference | To draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented(Ex: Norman sees cookie crumbs on the floor and chocolate around his son's mouth. Norman infers that his son must have eaten some cookies from the cookie jar.) | | 32 |
| 9907619861 | Inversion | reversal of the usual or natural order of words; anastrophe(Ex: Where in the world were you?) | | 33 |
| 9907619862 | Invective | An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language(Ex: Chicken for coward) | | 34 |
| 9907619819 | Irony | When a situation produces and outcome that is the opposite of what is expected(Ex: The name of Britain's biggest dog was "Tiny".) | | 35 |
| 9907619820 | Juxtaposition | When two contrasting things are placed next to each other for comparison(Ex: Milton's "Paradise Lost" - God(good) and Satan(bad)) | | 36 |
| 9907619863 | Litotes | A form of understatement in which the negative of the contrary is used to achieve emphasis or intensity(Ex: New York is not an ordinary city.) | | 37 |
| 9907619864 | Non-periodic sentence | A type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses(Ex: I went to the movies yesterday, bought candy, and shopped at the mall.) | | 38 |
| 9907619821 | Metaphor | A figure of speech in which two unlike things are compared directly(Ex: My brother was boiling mad.) | | 39 |
| 9907619822 | Metonymy | A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it(Ex: Let me give you a hand; hand means help) | | 40 |
| 9907619823 | Mood | The prevailing or dominant feeling of a work, scene, or event(Purpose: Evoke various emotional responses in readers and ensure their emotional attachment as they read the book) | | 41 |
| 9907619865 | Narrative | The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events(Purpose: Gain a deep insight of culture and develop some sort of understanding towards it) | | 42 |
| 9907619824 | Onomatopoeia | An effect created by words that have sounds that reinforce their meaning(Ex: Moo!) | | 43 |
| 9907619825 | Oxymoron | Two contradictory words in one expression(Ex: jumbo shrimp) | | 44 |
| 9907619826 | Paradox | A seeming contradiction that in fact reveals some truth(Ex: "I can resist anything but temptation" - Oscar Wilde) | | 45 |
| 9907619827 | Parallelism | A literary technique that relies on the use of the same syntactical structures(Ex: John likes to play tennis, bake cake, and read books.) | | 46 |
| 9907619828 | Parody | An effort to ridicule or make fun of a literary work or an author by writing a comic imitation of the work(Ex: SNL) | | 47 |
| 9907619866 | Pedantic | An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish(Purpose: Teach something in a complicated manner) | | 48 |
| 9907619829 | Periodic Sentence | Presents the main clause at the end of the sentence, for emphasis(Ex: Unable to join the others at the dance because of my sprained ankle, I went to a movie.) | | 49 |
| 9907619830 | Persona | The character created by the voice and narration of the speaker of a text(Purpose: Express ideas due to some restrictions, such as no talking) | | 50 |
| 9907619831 | Personification | A figure of speech in which ideas or objects are described as having human qualities or personalities(Ex: The flowers danced in the gentle breeze.) | | 51 |
| 9907619832 | Point of View | The particular perspective from which a story is told(Ex: 1st person - " I tell myself to focus while I am reading a book.") | | 52 |
| 9907619867 | Prose | One of the major divisions of genre; refers to fiction and nonfiction, including all its forms, because they are written in ordinary language and most closely resemble everyday speech(Ex: "It was a bright cold day in April, and the clocks were striking thirteen." 1984 - George Orwell) | | 53 |
| 9907619833 | Repetition | The reiteration of a word or phrase for emphasis(Ex: "Because I do not hope to turn again
Because I do not hope
Because I do not hope to turn..."
- "Ash Wednesday") | | 54 |
| 9907619834 | Rhetoric | The art and logic of a written or spoken argument to persuade, to analyze, or to expose(Ex: Ethos, Logos, Pathos) | | 55 |
| 9907619868 | Ethos | Form, Manner(Purpose: Musician starring in a dog commercial) | | 56 |
| 9907619869 | Pathos | Force, Emotion(Ex: Empathizing with a friend who lost a family member) | | 57 |
| 9907619870 | Logos | Idea, Message(Ex:Facts, Charts, Tables used to support that abortion rates correlates with crime rates) | | 58 |
| 9907619871 | Rhetorical Modes(exposition, argumentation, description, narration) | The flexible term describes the variety, the conventions, and the purposes of the major kinds of writing(Ex: Journal entry = description) | | 59 |
| 9907619835 | Rhetorical Question | A question that is asked for the sake of argument(Ex: " Why not?") | | 60 |
| 9907619872 | Sarcasm | Use of bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something. It may use irony as a device(Ex: " Friends, countrymen, lend me your ears." - Julius Caesar) | | 61 |
| 9907619836 | Satire | To ridicule or mock ideas, persons, events, or doctrines(Ex: The Daily Show) | | 62 |
| 9907619873 | Semantics | The branch of linguistics that studies that meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another(Ex: A water pill at first glance could be a pill with water in it; but, it is understood to be a diuretic that causes a person to lose water from his body.) | | 63 |
| 9907619874 | Periodic Sentence | Sentence with main clause or predicate at the end(Ex: In opening minds, instilling values, and creating opportunities, education has no equal.) | | 64 |
| 9907619875 | Cumulative Sentence | Sentence with an independent clause elaborated by modifying clauses or phrases(Ex: "I write this at a wide desk in a pine shed as I always do these recent years, in this life I pray will last, while the summer sun closes the sky to Orion and to all the other winter stars over my roof."
(Annie Dillard, An American Childhood, 1987)) | | 65 |
| 9907619876 | Hortative Sentence | Sentence urging to some conduct or course of action(Ex: Before Tom Daley is about to dive into the pool, his coach may say, "All of your training and hard work will pay off; you will be great.") | | 66 |
| 9907619877 | Imperative Sentence | Sentence that also functions as a direct command (Ex: Clear this desk by tomorrow!) | | 67 |
| 9907619837 | Simile | A commonly used figure of speech that compares one thing with another using the words "like" or "as"(Ex: Jake is as slow as a turtle.) | | 68 |
| 9907619878 | Style | An evaluation of the sum of the choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices(Purpose: Create a certain impact on the readers based on one's style) | | 69 |
| 9907619879 | Subject Complement(predicate nominative and predicate adjective) | The word that follows a linking verb and completes the subject by renaming or describing it(Ex: Brandon is a great player.) | | 70 |
| 9907619880 | Subordinate Clause | Like all clauses, it contains both a subject and a verb (plus any accompanying phrases or modifiers), but unlike the independent clause, the subordinate clause cannot stand alone; it does not express a complete thought. Also called a dependent clause, the subordinate clause depends on a main clause (or independent clause) to complete its meaning(Ex: After John played tennis) | | 71 |
| 9907619838 | Syllogism | A form of deductive reasoning in which pieces of evidence are used to create a new conclusion(Ex: "All dogs are canine. Tommy is a dog. Therefore, Tommy is a canine.") | | 72 |
| 9907619839 | Symbol | Something that stands for something else(Ex: Dove = peace) | | 73 |
| 9907619881 | Synedoche | a figure of speech that utilizes a part as representative of the whole(Ex: "gray beard" = old man) | | 74 |
| 9907619882 | Synesthesia | describing one kind of sensation in terms of another ("a loud color," "a sweet sound") | | 75 |
| 9907619840 | Syntax | The way words are arranged in a sentence(Ex: "I cannot go out." vs. "Go out I cannot.") | | 76 |
| 9907619841 | Theme | The central idea(Ex: love and friendship in "Pride and Prejudice") | | 77 |
| 9907619883 | Thesis | The sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or proposition(Purpose: To inform audience about main idea) | | 78 |
| 9907619884 | Trope vs Schemes | The use of a word, phrase, or image in a way not intended by its normal signification; A change in standard word order or pattern(Ex(scheme): "I have a Dream" speech) | | 79 |
| 9907619842 | Tone | Attitude(Purpose: Decide how readers should read a literary piece and how they should feel while reading it) | | 80 |
| 9907619843 | Understatement | When an author assigns less significance to an event or thing than it deserves(Ex: " He is not too thin" when describing an obese person) | | 81 |
| 9907619885 | Wit | In modern usage, intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights. Usually uses terse language that makes a pointed statement(Ex: "It is a truth universally acknowledged that a young man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife." - Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen) | | 82 |
| 9907619844 | Zeugma | When a word is used with two adjacent words in the same construction, but only makes literal sense with one of them(Ex: "The farmers in the valley grew potatoes, peanuts, and bored." - Wunderland) | | 83 |
