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Flashcards

AP World History: Ch. 17 The World Economy, Pt. 2 Flashcards

5476399898	Colombian Exchange	Widespread transfer of animals, plants, culture, human populations, technology, disease, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World in the 15th and 16th centuries	0
5476428437	Lepanto	Naval battle between the Spanish and the Ottoman empire, which the Spanish won ending the Muslims hope of rivaling European navies (1571).	1
5476450447	Macao	Chinese trading port over which the Portuguese gained control.	2
5476494955	Core Nations	Nations, usually European, that enjoyed profit from world economy and controlled international banking and commercial services such as shipping--exported manufactured good for raw materials.	3
5476505358	Mercantilism	Economic theory that stressed governments' promotion of limitation of imports from other nations and internal economies in order to improve tax revenues. Popular during the 17th and 18th centuries in Europe.	4
5476549190	mestizos	People of mixed European and Indian ancestry in Mesoamerica and South America; particularly evident in areas colonized by Spain.	5
5476647617	Colonial Dependencies	Areas in new parts of the world claimed by European core nation.	6
5476685771	Vasco de Balboa	Spanish conquistador and explorer, who was head of the first stable settlement on the South American continent (1511) and who was the first European to sight the eastern shore of the Pacific Ocean (151),	7
5476710263	Francisco Pizzaro	Spanish explorer led conquest of Inca Empire of Peru beginning in 1535.	8
5476735266	God, Gold, Glory	Motivation for many explorers and conquistadores	9
5476760620	New France	French colonies in North America that extended from the St. Lawrence River along the Great Lakes and down through the Mississippi River valley.	10
5476772324	Seven Years' War	Fought both in continental Europe and also in overseas colonies between 1756 and 1763, which resulted in Prussian seizures of land from Austria, and English seizures of colonies in India and North America.	11
5476785226	Treaty of Paris	Arranged in 1763 to end the Seven Years' War. England was granted New France in exchange the French regained sugar Islands in the Caribbean.	12
5476885834	Cape Colony	Established by the Dutch at Cape of Good Hope in 1652 to provide a coastal station for Dutch ships traveling to and from Asia; settlers expanded and fought with Bantu and other Africans.	13
5476889232	Boers	Dutch and other European settlers in Cape Colony before 19th-century British occupation; later called Afrikaners.	14
5476900507	Calcutta	British East India Company headquarters in Bengal; captured in 1756 by Indians; later became administrative center for populous Bengal.	15

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AP World History - Era 1 Flashcards

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8484018747	Culture	Socially transitted patterns in human action: dwellings, clothing, foods, beliefs	0
8484018748	History	Study of past events/changes in past	1
8484018749	Stone Age	Period using stone tools and nonmetallic substances	2
8484018750	Paleolithic	Old Stone Age	3
8484018751	Neolithic	New Stone Age - Agricultural Revolution	4
8484018752	Foragers	Hunter/gathering people	5
8484018753	Pastoralism	Living with herds/livestock	6
8484018754	Holocene	Great global warming in 11,000 BC	7
8484018755	Megaliths	Complex large stones for Neolithic religious ceremonies	8
8484018756	Çatal Hüyük	Neolithic settlement in Anatolia- obsidian tools; economy based on agriculture	9
8484018757	Mesopotamia	"Land between the rivers"- mostly in modern Iraq- Fertile Crescent- depended on irrigation	10
8484018758	Sumerians	People who dominated Southern Mesopotamia	11
8484018759	Semetic	Related languages- Hebrew, Aramaic, Phonecian	12
8484018760	City State	Small independent state, urban center, agricultural territory	13
8484018761	Sargon of Akkad	Ruler of Akkad- creator of first empire in Mesopotamia	14
8484018762	Akkad	Mesopotamian city-state; world's first empire	15
8484018763	Cuneiform	Writing in Sumerian	16
8484018764	Hammurabi	Babylonian king who codified the laws of Sumer and Mesopotamia	17
8484018765	Scribes	Professional men with lots of training who read and wrote in cuneiform and hieroglyphics	18
8484018766	Ziggurat	Pyramidal tower made of mud bricks- unknown function- god's residence	19
8484018767	Amulets	Small charms meant to protect the bearer from evil	20
8484018768	Pharoh	Central figure in ancient Egyptian state, considered a god sent to earth to maintain ma'at	21
8484018769	Ma'at	Divinely created and maintained order in the universe	22
8484018770	Pyramid	Large triangular stoke monuments, burial places for kings	23
8484018771	Memphis	Capital of Old Kingdom Egypt, near Cairo	24
8484018772	Thebes	Capital city of Egypt- home of ruling dynasties	25
8484018773	Hieroglyphics	Pictorial symbols that represented sounds , syllables, or concepts	26
8484018774	Papyrus	Reed that grows along bank of Nile River in Egypt	27
8484018775	Mummy	Body preserved by chemical/natural process in belief that the person would have a good afterlife	28
8484018776	Indus Valley Civilization	Mesopotamian urban society with a sophisticated trade network	29
8484018777	Great Monsoon	Seasonal winds unusually accompanied by floods	30
8484018778	Harappa	A major city of the Indus Valley civilization; zone of cultivation	31
8484018779	Mohenjo Daro	Biggest Indus Valley Civilization	32
8484018780	Hittites	People from Central Anatolia who established an empire in Syria and Anatolia in the Bronze Age	33
8484018781	Akkadian	First "official" language	34
8484018782	Hebrew Bible	Sacred books with origins, experiences, and beliefs of Israelites	35
8484018783	1st Temple	Sanctuary built by Solomon for God	36
8484018784	Diaspora	Ethnic group living outside homeland	37
8484018785	Zhou Dynasty	Took over North China from Shang- MANDATE OF HEAVEN	38
8484018786	Mandate of Heaven	Belief that the Chinese king's right to rule came from the gods	39
8484018787	Confucius	Chinese philosopher, founder of Confucianism	40
8484018788	Confucianism	System of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius	41
8484018789	Daoism	A religion in China which emphasizes the removal from society and to become one with nature.	42
8484018790	Yin and Yang	Opposing forces that bring balance to nature and life	43
8484018791	Zoroastrianism	System of religion founded in Persia in the 6th century BC by Zoroaster	44
8484018792	Polytheism	Belief in many gods	45
8484018793	Hatshepsut	5th Pharaoh of Egypt, 2nd female Pharaoh	46
8484018794	Monotheism	Belief in one God	47
8484018795	Hebrews	Slaves from Egypt, wandered desert for 40 years	48
8484018796	Cyrus the Great	King of Persia and founder of the Achaemenid Empire	49
8484018797	Satraps	Governor of a Persian province	50
8484018798	Aryans	Immigrants who arrived at the Ganges river valley	51
8484018799	Scapulimancy	Practice of divination, oracle bones, divination with bones	52

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AP World History Chapter 2 Terms Flashcards

Ap world history terms

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7255869955	Shi Huangdi	Founder of the short-lived Qin dynasty and creator of the Chinese Empire (r. 221-210 B.C.E.). He is remembered for his ruthless conquests of rival states and standardization. (163), unified China, ruled Qin dynasty,built many roads, started Great Wall of China, divided kingdoms into districs, the first emperor of China	0
7255869956	Qin	Dynasty that came to power in China in 221 B.C. under which the first true empire of China was created	1
7255869957	Confucius	Western name for the Chinese philosopher Kongzi (551-479 B.C.E.). His doctrine of duty and public service had a great influence on subsequent Chinese thought and served as a code of conduct for government officials.(p. 62)	2
7255869958	Laozi	the "Old Master" who encouraged people to give up worldly desires in favor of nature; he founded Taoism (Daoism)	3
7255869959	Han	imperial dynasty that ruled China from 206 BC to 221 and expanded its boundaries and developed its bureaucracy, dynasty that overthrew the Qin, established centrralized government, civil service system, Silk Road	4
7255869960	Dao	the proper "Way" that a king was expecfted to rule in order to please the gods and protect the people	5
7255869961	Zhou	originally a vassal family of the Shang; possibly Turkic in origin; overthrew Shang and established 2nd Chinese dynasty., The people and dynasty that took over the dominant position in north China from the Shang and created the concept of the Mandate of Heaven to justify their rule. Remembered as prosperous era in Chinese History. (p. 61), The Zhou Dynasty (POJ: Chiu Tiau; 1122 BC to 256 BC) was preceded by the Shang Dynasty and followed by the Qin Dynasty in China. The Zhou dynasty lasted longer than any other dynasty in Chinese history—though the actual political and military control of China by the dynasty only lasted during the Western Zhou. During the Zhou, the use of iron was introduced to China, while this period of Chinese history produced what many consider the zenith of Chinese bronze-ware making. The dynasty also spans the period in which the written script evolved from the ancient stage as seen in early Western Zhou bronze inscriptions, to the beginnings of the modern stage, in the form of the archaic clerical script of the late Warring States period.	6
7255869962	Great Wall	Chinese defensive fortification built to keep out northern nomadic invaders; began during the reign of Shi Huangdi.	7
7255869963	"Mean People"	people of the lowest status; did unskilled jobs; wore a green scarf to show their status; punished harsher for crimes;	8
7255869964	Daoism	philosophical system developed by of Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu advocating a simple honest life and noninterference with the course of natural events	9
7255869965	Silk Road	is an interconnected series of ancient trade routes through various regions of the Asian continent, mainly connecting Chang'an (today's Xi'an) in China, with Asia Minor and the Mediterranean. It extends over 8,000 km (5,000 miles) on land and sea. Trade on the Silk Road was a significant factor in the development of the great civilizations of China, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, Indian subcontinent, and Rome, and helped to lay the foundations for the modern world. The first person who used the term "seidenstrassen" or Silk Road was the German geographer Ferdinand von Richthofen in 1877.[1]	10
7255869966	Dynasty	(n.) a powerful family or group of rulers that maintains its position or power for some time	11
7255869967	Analects	a record of the words and acts of the central Chinese thinker and philosopher Confucius and his disciples	12
7255869968	Five Classics	A corpus of texts considered authoritative by the early Confucians. They include poetry, historical, speeches, chronicles, ritual, and divination, Texts used to train scholars and civil servants in ancient China	13
7255869969	Legalism	In China, a political philosophy that emphasized the unruliness of human nature and justified state coercion and control. The Qin ruling class invoked it to validate the authoritarian nature of their regime. (p.52)	14
7255869970	Era of Warring States	(402-201 BCE); regional rulers made their own armies and fought for control; during this time Zhou Dynasty died;, 441-221 B.C.E. Feudal lords fight amongst each other for territory and power. Ethics of war are broken and new rules are less-gentlemen like.	15
7255869971	Mandarins	Who: officials in Confucius style government. What: passed very difficult exams in order to hold leadership positions. They formed their own social class, called the Gentry. Many of them attended a university that had been built. Where: China, started in the state of Lu. When: 6th century BC on for 2000 years. Why: Led the Confucian government and were the only people, often, who could read and write.	16
7255869972	Patriarchalism	a sytem of social organization built around authority and power of fathers	17

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Period 1 AP World History Vocabulary (8000 BCE - 600 BCE) Flashcards

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5978360088	agricultural revolution	The change from food gathering to food production that occurred between around 8000 and 2000 B.C.E. Also known as the Neolithic Revolution.	0
5978364817	aristocracy	the highest class in certain societies, especially those holding hereditary titles or offices.	1
5978369075	Brahmins	a member of the highest Hindu caste, that of the priesthood.	2
5978373107	Bureaucracy	A large, complex organization in which employees have specific job responsibilities and work within a hierarchy of authority.	3
5978384535	deity	a god or goddess	4
5978388305	democracy	A system of government in which power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through freely elected representatives.	5
5978388306	Dharma	In Hinduism, the laws and duties that guide the behavior of each caste member.	6
5978388307	Cultural Diffusion	A spreading of ideas and culture through the movement of people.	7
5978391260	Dynastic Cycle	A theory that says that each dynasty rises to a political, cultural, and economic peak, falls and is replaced by a new dynasty	8
5978391261	Egalitarian	Characterized by belief in the equality of all people, especially in political and social life.	9
5978394738	Hunters and Gatherers/foraging/Nomadic	A hunter-gatherer or forager society is one in which most or all food is obtained from wild plants and animals, in contrast to agricultural societies, which rely mainly on domesticated species.	10
5978514985	Ice Age	Period of time when huge sheets of ice covered much of the earth's land, formed from ocean water, leaving ocean levels lower than they are now which exposed dry land that connected the continents.	11
5978531588	irrigation systems	Replacement of rainfall with water from another source (like natural ponds, lakes, streams, and wells) in order to grow crops	12
5978538529	Karma	(in Hinduism and Buddhism) the sum of a person's actions in this and previous states of existence, viewed as deciding their fate in future existences.	13
5978540736	Mandate of Heaven	A political theory developed during the Zhou Dynasty of ancient China in which those in power were believed to have the the right to rule from divine authority.	14
5978540737	Monogamy	the practice of having only one sexual partner or spouse at a time	15
5978544094	Oracle Bones	During the Shang Dynasty, animal bones carved with written characters which were used for telling the future	16
5981007289	Pagan	A follower of a polytheistic religion in ancient times.	17
5981009608	Pastoralism	A type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food, clothing, and shelter.	18
5981009609	Patriarchy	a form of social organization in which a male is the family head and title is traced through the male line	19
5981009610	Polygamy	Marriage that unites a person with two or more spouses	20
5981012038	Secular	Not religious or holy; pertaining to worldly things	21
5981012039	Sericulture	The production of silk and the rearing of silkworms for this purpose	22
5981013345	Slavery	A system of enforced servitude in which some people are owned by other people.	23
5981013346	Specialization of Labor	the gradual refining of skills and specialties in a society once a steady food supply has been established	24
5981015098	Surplus	an amount beyond what is required, excess; more than what is needed or expected	25
5981015099	Syncretism	The birth of a new culture trait from blending two or more cultural traits	26
5981017165	Theocracy	A government ruled by or subject to religious authority.	27

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AP World History Must Know Dates Review Flashcards

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6769273475	8000 BCE	beginnings of agriculture	0
6769273476	3000 BCE	beginnings of Bronze Age - early civ's	1
6769273477	1300 BCE	Iron Age	2
6769273478	6th century BCE	life of Buddha, Confucius, Lao Tsu (beginnings of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism)	3
6769273479	5th century BCE	Greek Golden Age - philosophers	4
6769273480	323 BCE	Alexander the Great	5
6769273481	221 BCE	Qin unified China	6
6769273482	32	beginnings of Christianity	7
6769273483	180	end of Pax Romana	8
6769273484	220	end of Han Dynasty	9
6769273485	333	Roman capital moved to Constantinople	10
6769273486	4th century	beginnings of Trans-Saharan Trade Routes	11
6769273487	476	fall of Rome	12
6769273488	527	Justinian rule of Byzantine Empire	13
6769273489	632	Rise of Islam	14
6769273490	732	Battle of Tours (end of Muslim move into France)	15
6769273491	1054	1st Schism in Christian Church	16
6769273492	1066	Norman conquest of England	17
6769273493	1095	1st Crusade	18
6769273494	1258	Mongols sack Baghdad	19
6769273495	1271-1295	Marco Polo travels	20
6769273496	1324	Mansa Musa's pilgrimage	21
6769273497	1325-1349	travels of Ibn Battuta	22
6769273498	1347-1348	Bubonic plague in Europe	23
6769273499	1433	end of Zheng He's voyages / Rise of Ottomans	24
6769273500	1453	Ottomans capture Constantinople	25
6769273501	1488	Dias rounded Cape of Good Hope	26
6769273502	1492	Columbus sailed the ocean blue / Reconquista of Spain	27
6769273503	1502	slaves to Americas	28
6769273504	1517	Maritn Luther / 95 theses	29
6769273505	1521	Cortez conquered the Aztecs	30
6769273506	1533	Pizarro toppled the Inca	31
6769273507	1571	Battle of Lepanto (naval defeat of Ottomans)	32
6769273508	1588	defeat of the Spanish Armada by the British	33
6769273509	1600	Battle of Sekigahara - beginning of Tokugawa	34
6769273510	1607	foundation of Jamestown	35
6769273511	1618-1648	30 years war	36
6769273512	1683	unsuccessful Ottoman siege of Vienna	37
6769273513	1689	Glorious Revolution / English Bill of Rights	38
6769273514	1756-1763	7 years war / French and Indian War	39
6769273515	1776	American Revolution / Smith writes Wealth of Nations	40
6769273516	1789	French Revolution	41
6769273517	1804	Haitian independence	42
6769273518	1815	Congress of Vienna	43
6769273519	1820s	Independence in Latin America	44
6769273520	1839	1st opium war in China	45
6769273521	1848	European revolutions / Marx & Engles write Communist Manifesto	46
6769273522	1853	Commodore Perry opens Japan	47
6769273523	1857	Sepoy Mutiny	48
6769273524	1861	end of Russian serfdom / Italian unification	49
6769273525	1863	Emancipation Proclamation in US	50
6769273526	1871	German unification	51
6769273527	1885	Berlin Conference - division of Africa	52
6769273528	1898	Spanish-American War - US acquires Philippines, Cuba, Guam, & Puerto Rico	53
6769273529	1899-1902	Boer War - British in control of South Africa	54
6769273530	1905	Russo-Japanese war	55
6769273531	1910-1920	Mexican Revolution	56
6769273532	1911	Chinese Revolution	57
6769273533	1914	WWI	58
6769273534	1917	Russian Revolution	59
6769273535	1919	Treaty of Versailles - end of WWI	60
6769273536	1929	stock market crash	61
6769273537	1931	Japanese invasion of Manchuria	62
6769273538	1935	Italian invasion of Ethiopia	63
6769273539	1939	German blitzkrieg in Poland	64
6769273540	1941	Pearl Harbor, entry of US into WWII	65
6769273541	1945	end of WWII	66
6769273542	1947	independence & partition of India	67
6769273543	1948	birth of Israel	68
6769273544	1949	Chinese Communist Revolution	69
6769273545	1950-1953	Korean War	70
6769273546	1954	Vietnamese defeat French at Dien Bien Phu	71
6769273547	1956	de-Stalinization/nationalization of Suez Canal	72
6769273548	1959	Cuban Revolution	73
6769273549	1962	Cuban missile crisis	74
6769273550	1967	6-day war / Chinese Cultural Revolution	75
6769273551	1973	Yom Kippur war	76
6769273552	1979	Iranian Revolution	77
6769273553	1987	1st Palestinian Intifada	78
6769273554	1989	Tiananmen Square / fall of Berlin Wall	79
6769273555	1991	fall of USSR / 1st Gulf War	80
6769273556	1994	genocide in Rwanda / 1st all race elections in S. Africa	81
6769273557	2001	9/11 Attacks	82
6769273558	1071	Battle of Manziket	83

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AP World History- Chapter 14 Flashcards

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10330142360	Latin West	Territories of Europe that adhered to the Latin rite of Christianity and used the Latin language for intellectual exchange in the period ca 500-1500	0
10330142361	Three Field System	Rotational system for ag in which 2 fields grow food crops and one lies fallow	1
10330142362	Black Death	An outbreak of bubonic plague that spread across Asia, North Africa, and Europe in the mid-14th century	2
10330142363	Water Wheel	Mechanism that harnesses the energy in flowing water to grind grain or power machinery	3
10330142364	Hanseatic League	An economic and defensive alliance of free towns in Northern Germany; most powerful in the 14-th century	4
10330142365	Guild	Association of men (such as merchants, artisans, and professors) who worked in a particular trade and banded together to promote their political and economic interests	5
10330142366	Gothic Cathedrals	Large churches originating in 12th century France; built in an architectural style featuring pointed arches, tall vaults and spires, flying buttresses, and large stained glass windows	6
10330142367	Renaissance (Europe)	Period of intense artistic and intellectual activity said to be a "rebirth" of Greco-Roman culture	7
10330142368	Universities	Degree granting institutions of higher learning	8
10330142369	Scholasticism	Philosophical and theological system; devised to reconcile Aristotelian philosophy and Roman Catholic theology	9
10330142370	Humanists (Renaissance)	European scholars, writers, and teachers associated with the study of the humanities	10
10330142371	Printing Press	A mechanical device for transferring text or graphics from a wood block or type to paper using ink	11
10330142372	Great Western Schism	A division in the Latin Christian Church when rival claimants to the papacy existed in Rome and Avignon (in France)	12
10330142373	Hundred Years War	Series of campaigns over control of the throne of France, involving English and French royal families and French noble families	13
10330142374	New Monarchies	Historians' term for the monarchies of France, England, and Spain	14
10330142375	Reconquest of Iberia	Military campaigns by various Iberian Christian states to recapture territory taken by the Muslims	15