AP English Language and Composition Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 8503755916 | Allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically. |  | 0 |
| 8503755917 | Antecedent | Word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. |  | 1 |
| 8503755918 | Antithesis | Opposition or contrast of ideas through parallelism. |  | 2 |
| 8503755919 | Aphorism | Early to bed and early to rise help make a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. -Ben Franklin |  | 3 |
| 8503755920 | Apostrophe | "Oh, Captain, my Captain, our fearful trip is done..." |  | 4 |
| 8503755921 | Colloquial/Colloquialism | The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing. |  | 5 |
| 8503755922 | Conceit | A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor. |  | 6 |
| 8503755923 | Euphemism | correctional facility = jail between jobs = unemployed | 7 | |
| 8503755924 | Homily | This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice. |  | 8 |
| 8503755925 | Invective | An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language. |  | 9 |
| 8503755926 | Metonymy | a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. |  | 10 |
| 8503755927 | Anaphora | The exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences. |  | 11 |
| 8503755928 | Pedantic | An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish |  | 12 |
| 8503755929 | Prose | one of the major divisions of genre, prose refers to fiction and nonfiction, including all its forms. |  | 13 |
| 8503755930 | Semantics | The branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words. |  | 14 |
| 8503755931 | Syllogism | A deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion. |  | 15 |
| 8503755932 | Synecdoche | A figure of speech in which a part of something is used to represent the whole. |  | 16 |
| 8503755933 | Synesthesia | When one kind of sensory stimulus evokes the subjective experience of another. |  | 17 |
| 8503755934 | Apologia | A written or spoken defense of one's beliefs and actions. |  | 18 |
| 8503755935 | Epigram | A brief witty statement. |  | 19 |
| 8503755936 | Digression | The use of material unrelated to the subject of a work. |  | 20 |
| 8503755937 | Ellipsis | The omission of a word or several words. |  | 21 |
| 8503755938 | Ad Hominem | Attacking a speaker's character instead of to their argument. |  | 22 |
| 8503755939 | Anachronism | A person, scene, event or other element that fails to correspond with the appropriate time or era. |  | 23 |
| 8503755940 | Didactic | Having an instructive purpose; intending to convey information to teach a lesson usually in a dry, pompous manner. |  | 24 |
| 8503755941 | Fallacy | An incorrect belief or supposition based on faulty data, defective evidence, or false information. |  | 25 |
| 8503755942 | Hubris | Excessive pride that often brings about one's fall. |  | 26 |
| 8503755943 | Alliteration | Repetition of consonant sounds, usually at the beginnings of words |  | 27 |
| 8503755944 | Litotes | A form of understatement in which the negative of the contrary is used to achieve emphasis or intensity. |  | 28 |
| 8503755945 | Paradox | A statement or idea that seems contradictory but is in fact true. |  | 29 |
| 8503755946 | Non Sequitur | A statement or idea that fails to follow logically from the one before. |  | 30 |
| 8503755947 | Anecdote | A short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person. |  | 31 |
| 8503755948 | Jargon | Special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group. |  | 32 |
| 8503755949 | Taciturn | Not talking much, reserved; silent, holding back in conversation. | 33 | |
| 8503755950 | Dogmatic | Inclined to lay down principles as incontrovertibly true. |  | 34 |
| 8503755951 | Pernicious | Having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way. |  | 35 |
| 8503755952 | Bellicose | Demonstrating aggression and willingness to fight. |  | 36 |
| 8503755953 | Voracious | Craving or consuming large quantities of food. |  | 37 |
| 8503755954 | Zealous | Having or showing zeal. |  | 38 |
| 8503755955 | Tacit | Understood or implied without being stated. |  | 39 |
| 8503755956 | Innuendo | An allusive or oblique remark or hint, typically a suggestive or disparaging one. |  | 40 |
| 8503755957 | Lackadaisical | Displaying or having a disinclination for physical exertion or effort; slow and relaxed. |  | 41 |
| 8503755958 | Consecrate | Make or declare (something, typically a church) sacred; dedicate formally to a religious or divine purpose. |  | 42 |
| 8503755959 | Chiasmus | A type of parallelism in which elements are reversed. "Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country." |  | 43 |
| 8503755960 | Loose Sentence | A sentence in which the subject and verb come at the front of the sentence. | 44 | |
| 8503755961 | Petulant | Childishly sulky or bad-tempered. | 45 | |
| 8503755962 | Periodic Sentence | A sentence in which the subject and verb come toward the end of the sentence. | 46 | |
| 8503755963 | Exhort | Strongly encourage or urge someone to do something. |  | 47 |
| 8503755964 | Cloistered | Kept away from the outside world; sheltered. |  | 48 |
| 8503755965 | Sarcasm | Caustic, bitter language--iterally means "to tear the flesh." | 49 | |
| 8503755966 | Independent Clause | A complete sentence. | 50 | |
| 8503755967 | Dependent Clause | Includes a subordinate conjunction, such as because, while, etc. | 51 | |
| 8503755968 | Allusion | A reference to something (e.g., a book, a movie, an historical event) that is presumed to be well known to the audience. | 52 | |
| 8503755969 | Satire | A work that pokes fun human vices and follies in order to call attention to a larger problem. |  | 53 |
| 8503755970 | Parody | A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. |  | 54 |
| 8503755971 | Coup de Grace | The "death blow"--the culminating event in a bad situation. |  | 55 |
| 8503755972 | Coup d'Etat | Literally "blow to the state"--a violent overthrow. |  | 56 |
| 8503755973 | Faux Pas | A social misstep or inappropriate action. | 57 | |
| 8503755974 | Laissez-Faire | Literally "allow to do"--letting things run their natural course; hands off. | 58 | |
| 8503755975 | En Masse | In a body as a whole; as a group. | 59 | |
| 8503755976 | Proprietary | Characteristic of an owner of property; constituting property. | 60 | |
| 8503755977 | Propriety | The quality of behaving in a proper manner; obeying rules and customs. | 61 | |
| 8503755978 | Imminent | About to happen. | 62 | |
| 8503755979 | Eminent | Famous, outstanding, distinguished. | 63 | |
| 8503755980 | Ego | According to Freud, the decision-making component of personality that operates according to the reality principle. | 64 | |
| 8503755981 | Superego | According to Freud, that facet of the psyche that represents the internalized ideals and values of one's parents and society | 65 | |
| 8503755982 | Id | Literally the "It"--our base impulses, driven by selfishness and greed, for example. | 66 | |
| 8503755983 | Hamartia | A character's error in judgment that contributes to one's downfall. | 67 | |
| 8503755984 | Orwellian | The manipulation of language and ideas to control and obstruct the truth. | 68 | |
| 8503755985 | Autonomos | Independent, self-governing, not under the control of something or someone else. |  | 69 |
AP English Literature - Lesson 9 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 8371412514 | advent | (n.) a coming or arrival | 0 | |
| 8371424554 | blase' | (adj.) indifferent, bored as a result of having enjoyed many pleasures; apathetic | 1 | |
| 8371429591 | bravado | (n.) a show of false bravery or confidence | 2 | |
| 8371445998 | disparate | (adj.) fundamentally different or distinct in quality or kind | 3 | |
| 8371457111 | domicile | n. The place where one lives. | 4 | |
| 8371464460 | fabricate | (v.) to make, manufacture; to make up, invent | 5 | |
| 8371468689 | itinerant | (adj.) traveling from place to place to work; (n.) one who goes from place to place | 6 | |
| 8371486524 | lilliputian | (adj.) extremely small or appearing to be so | 7 | |
| 8371494819 | phobia | (n.) strong, irrational fear | 8 | |
| 8371502495 | proclivity | (n.) a strong inclination toward something | 9 | |
| 8371506353 | projectile | (n.) an object that is fired, thrown, or self-propelled | 10 | |
| 8371517115 | queasy | (adj.) nauseated or uneasy; causing nausea or uneasiness; troubled | 11 | |
| 8371528623 | reciprocate | (v.) to give something in return | 12 | |
| 8371540759 | relegate | (v.) to place in a lower position; to assign, refer, turn over; to banish | 13 | |
| 8371556655 | vertigo | (n.) the sensation of dizziness | 14 |
AP Language Vocabulary Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 7595556737 | Ad Hominem Argument | Latin for "to or against the person," this fallacy involves switching the argument from the issue at hand to the character of the other speaker |  | 0 |
| 7595556738 | Ad Populum (bandwagon appeal) | This fallacy occurs when evidence boils down to "everybody's doing it, so it must be a good thing to do." |  | 1 |
| 7595556739 | Allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning |  | 2 |
| 7595556740 | Allusion | A direct or indirect reference to something that is commonly known. Allusions can be historical, literary, religious, or mythical. |  | 3 |
| 7595556744 | Antithesis | A figure of speech that involves an opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a parallel construction. |  | 4 |
| 7595556745 | Appeal to False Authority | This fallacy occurs when someone who has no expertise on a subject is cited as an authority. |  | 5 |
| 7595556749 | Attitude | A writer's position or emotion regarding the subject of the writing. |  | 6 |
| 7595556751 | Concession | An acknowledgement that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable. |  | 7 |
| 7595556753 | Context | The circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes, and events surrounding a text. |  | 8 |
| 7595556754 | Counterargument | An opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward |  | 9 |
| 7595556758 | Claim | Also called an assertion or a proposition, a claim states the argument's main idea or position. A claim differs from a topic or subject in that a claim has to be arguable. |  | 10 |
| 7595556759 | Claim of Fact | A claim of fact asserts that something is true or not true. Ex. Test scores accurately measure a student's success! |  | 11 |
| 7595556760 | Claim of Value | A claim of value argues that something is good or bad, right or wrong. Ex. Video games are corrupting today's youth. |  | 12 |
| 7595556761 | Claim of Policy | A claim of policy proposes a change. Ex. Legalize marijuana! |  | 13 |
| 7595556762 | Closed Thesis | A thesis that is a statement of the main idea of the argument that also previews major points the writer intends to make. |  | 14 |
| 7595556765 | Denotation | The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word. |  | 15 |
| 7595556766 | Diction | related to style, refers to the writer's word choices. Examples include, formal or informal, ornate or plain. |  | 16 |
| 7595556768 | Ethos | A speaker's expertise, knowledge, experience, sincerity, and common purpose with the audience are examples of how a speaker demonstrates they are credible and trustworthy. |  | 17 |
| 7595556770 | Extended Metaphor | a metaphor developed at great length |  | 18 |
| 7595556773 | Imagery | the sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions |  | 19 |
| 7595556774 | Infer | to draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented. Inferences are not directly stated. |  | 20 |
| 7595556776 | Juxtaposition | placing dissimilar items, descriptions, or ideas closely together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast. |  | 21 |
| 7595556777 | Logical Fallacy | A mistake in verbal reasoning. The reasoning must be potentially deceptive. |  | 22 |
| 7595556779 | Mode of discourse: exposition | writing that intends to inform and demonstrate a point | 23 | |
| 7595556780 | Mode of discourse: narration | writing that tells a story or relates a series of events | 24 | |
| 7595556781 | Mode of discourse: description | writing that creates sensory images, often evoking a mood or atmosphere | 25 | |
| 7595556782 | Mode of discourse: argumentation | writing that takes a stand on an issue and supports it with evidence and logical reasoning | 26 | |
| 7595556784 | Parallelism/parallel construction/parallel structure | The grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences or paragraphs to give structural similarity |  | 27 |
| 7595556786 | Pathos | a speaker's intent to inspire an emotional reaction in an audience |  | 28 |
| 7595556792 | Rhetoric | Greek for "orator" describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively |  | 29 |
| 7595556793 | Logos | Employs logical reasoning, combining a clear idea with well-thought-out and appropriate examples and details |  | 30 |
| 7595556794 | Rhetorical appeals | The persuasive device by which a writer tries to sway the audience's attention and response to a given work. |  | 31 |
| 7595556795 | Oxymoron | a paradox made up of two seemingly contradictory words |  | 32 |
| 7595556796 | Persona | The face or character that a speaker shows to his or her audience |  | 33 |
| 7595556797 | Polemic | An aggressive argument that tries to establish the superiority of one opinion over all others. |  | 34 |
| 7595556799 | Propaganda | The spread of ideas and information to further a cause |  | 35 |
| 7595556800 | Qualifier | Words used to temper a claim, making it less absolute Ex. usually, probably, maybe, in most cases, most likely |  | 36 |
| 7595556802 | Second-hand evidence | evidence that is accessed through research, reading, and investigation |  | 37 |
| 7595556807 | Rhetorical Question | a question that is asked merely for effect and does not expect a reply |  | 38 |
| 7595556808 | Satire | A work that targets human vices and follies, or societal institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule |  | 39 |
| 7595556810 | Style | An evaluation of a sum of choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices. |  | 40 |
| 7595556811 | Syllogism | A deductive system of formal logic that presents to premises--the first one called major and the second minor--that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion. | | 41 |
| 7595556812 | Symbol | An object, action, character, scene, or idea that represents something more abstract. |  | 42 |
| 7595556813 | Syntax | the way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences |  | 43 |
| 7595556815 | Thesis | A statement that is the sentence or group of sentences that directly express the author's opinion, purpose, meaning or proposition. |  | 44 |
| 7595556816 | Tone | tone describes the author's attitude toward his or her material, the audience, or both. |  | 45 |
| 7595556817 | Mood | The dominant impression or emotional atmosphere evoked by a text. Ex. Mood is how "you" feel after reading a text. |  | 46 |
| 7595556819 | Rhetorical Strategies | A global term that refers to all the strategies an author can use. Ex. structure, purpose, style |  | 47 |
| 7595556820 | Begging the question | A fallacy in which a claim is based on evidence or support that is in doubt. |  | 48 |
| 7595556821 | Either/Or (false dilemma) | In this fallacy, the speaker presents two extreme options as the only possible choices. |  | 49 |
| 7595556822 | First-hand evidence | Evidence based on something the writer knows, whether it's from personal experience or observations. | 50 | |
| 7595556823 | Hasty generalization | A fallacy in which a faulty conclusion is reached because of inadequate information. |  | 51 |
| 7595556824 | Hortative Sentence | Sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to action. |  | 52 |
| 7595556825 | Occasion | the time and place a speech is given or a piece is written |  | 53 |
| 7595556826 | Open thesis | A thesis that does not list all of the points the writer intends to cover in an essay. | | 54 |
AP Literature Terms Flashcards
The Glossary of Literary Terms for the AP English Literature and Composition Test
Terms : Hide Images
| 8651158054 | Abstract | Complex, discusses intangible qualities like good and evil, seldom uses examples to support its points. | 0 | |
| 8651158055 | Academic | Dry and rhetorical writing; sucking all the life out of its subject with analysis. | 1 | |
| 8651158056 | Accent | In poetry, the stressed portion of a word. | 2 | |
| 8651158057 | Aesthetic | Appealing to the senses; a coherent sense of taste. | 3 | |
| 8651158058 | Allegory | A story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside the tale itself. | 4 | |
| 8651158059 | Alliteration | The repetition of initial consonant sounds. | 5 | |
| 8651158060 | Allusion | A reference to another work or famous figure. | 6 | |
| 8651158061 | Anachronism | "Misplaced in time." An aspect of a story that doesn't belong in its supposed time setting. | 7 | |
| 8651158062 | Analogy | A comparison, usually involving two or more symbolic parts, employed to clarify an action or a relationship. | 8 | |
| 8651158063 | Anecdote | A Short Narrative | 9 | |
| 8651158064 | Antecedent | The word, phrase, or clause that determines what a pronoun refers to. | 10 | |
| 8651158065 | Anthropomorphism | When inanimate objects are given human characteristics. Often confused with personification. | 11 | |
| 8651158066 | Anticlimax | Occurs when an action produces far smaller results than one had been led to expect. | 12 | |
| 8651158067 | Antihero | A protagonist who is markedly unheroic: morally weak, cowardly, dishonest, or any number of other unsavory qualities. | 13 | |
| 8651158068 | Aphorism | A short and usually witty saying. | 14 | |
| 8651158069 | Apostrophe | A figure of speech wherein the speaker talks directly to something that is nonhuman. | 15 | |
| 8651158070 | Archaism | The use of deliberately old-fashioned language. | 16 | |
| 8651158071 | Aside | A speech (usually just a short comment) made by an actor to the audience, as though momentarily stepping outside of the action on stage. | 17 | |
| 8651158072 | Aspect | A trait or characteristic | 18 | |
| 8651158073 | Assonance | The repeated use of vowel sounds: "Old king Cole was a merry old soul." | 19 | |
| 8651158074 | Atmosphere | The emotional tone or background that surrounds a scene | 20 | |
| 8651158075 | Ballad | A long, narrative poem, usually in meter and rhyme. Typically has a naive folksy quality. | 21 | |
| 8651158076 | Bathos | Writing strains for grandeur it can't support and tries too hard to be a tear jerker. | 22 | |
| 8651158077 | Pathos | Writing evokes feelings of dignified pity and sympathy. | 23 | |
| 8651158078 | Black humor | The use of disturbing themes in comedy. | 24 | |
| 8651158079 | Bombast | Pretentious, exaggeratedly learned language. | 25 | |
| 8651158080 | Burlesque | Broad parody, one that takes a style or form and exaggerates it into ridiculousness. | 26 | |
| 8651158081 | Cacophony | In poetry, using deliberately harsh, awkward sounds. | 27 | |
| 8651158082 | Cadence | The beat or rhythm or poetry in a general sense. | 28 | |
| 8651158083 | Canto | The name for a section division in a long work of poetry. | 29 | |
| 8651158084 | Caricature | A portrait (verbal or otherwise) that exaggerates a facet of personality. | 30 | |
| 8651158085 | Catharsis | Drawn from Aristotle's writings on tragedy. Refers to the "cleansing" of emotion an audience member experiences during a play | 31 | |
| 8651158086 | Chorus | In Greek drama, the group of citizens who stand outside the main action on stage and comment on it. | 32 | |
| 8651158087 | Classic | Typical, or an accepted masterpiece. | 33 | |
| 8651158088 | Coinage (neologism) | A new word, usually one invented on the spot. | 34 | |
| 8651158089 | Colloquialism | A word or phrase used in everyday conversational English that isn't a part of accepted "school-book" English. | 35 | |
| 8651158090 | Complex (Dense) | Suggesting that there is more than one possibility in the meaning of words; subtleties and variations; multiple layers of interpretation; meaning both explicit and implicit | 36 | |
| 8651158091 | Conceit (Controlling Image) | A startling or unusual metaphor, or to a metaphor developed and expanded upon several lines. | 37 | |
| 8651158092 | Denotation | A word's literal meaning. | 38 | |
| 8651158093 | Connotation | Everything other than the literal meaning that a word suggests or implies. | 39 | |
| 8651158094 | Consonance | The repetition of consonant sounds within words (rather than at their beginnings) | 40 | |
| 8651158095 | Couplet | A pair of lines that end in rhyme | 41 | |
| 8651158096 | Decorum | A character's speech must be styled according to her social station, and in accordance to the situation. | 42 | |
| 8651158097 | Diction | The words an author chooses to use. | 43 | |
| 8651158098 | Syntax | The ordering and structuring of words. | 44 | |
| 8651158099 | Dirge | A song for the dead. Its tone is typically slow, heavy, depressed, and melancholy | 45 | |
| 8651158100 | Dissonance | Refers to the grating of incompatible sounds. | 46 | |
| 8651158101 | Doggerel | Crude, simplistic verse, often in sing-song rhyme, like limericks. | 47 | |
| 8651158102 | Dramatic Irony | When the audience knows something that the characters in the drama do not | 48 | |
| 8651158103 | Dramatic Monologue | When a single speaker in literature says something to a silent audience. | 49 | |
| 8651158104 | Elegy | A type of poem that meditates on death or mortality in a serious, thoughtful manner. | 50 | |
| 8651158105 | Elements | Basic techniques of each genre of literature | 51 | |
| 8651158106 | Enjambment | The continuation of a syntactic unit from one line or couplet of a poem to the next with no pause. | 52 | |
| 8651158107 | Epic | A very long narrative poem on a serious theme in a dignified style; typically deal with glorious or profound subject matter. | 53 | |
| 8651158108 | Epitaph | Lines that commemorate the dead at their burial place. | 54 | |
| 8651158109 | Euphemism | A word or phrase that takes the place of a harsh, unpleasant, or impolite reality. | 55 | |
| 8651158110 | Euphony | When sounds blend harmoniously. | 56 | |
| 8651158111 | Explicit | To say or write something directly and clearly. | 57 | |
| 8651158112 | Farce | Extremely broad humor; in earlier times, a funny play or a comedy. | 58 | |
| 8651158113 | Feminine rhyme | Lines rhymed by their final two syllables. Properly, the penultimate syllables are stressed and the final syllables are unstressed. | 59 | |
| 8651158114 | Foil | A secondary character whose purpose is to highlight the characteristics of a main character, usually by contrast. | 60 | |
| 8651158115 | Foot | The basic rhythmic unit of a line of poetry, formed by a combination of two or three syllables, either stressed or unstressed. | 61 | |
| 8651158116 | Foreshadowing | An event of statement in a narrative that in miniature suggests a larger event that comes later. | 62 | |
| 8651158117 | Free verse | poetry written without a regular rhyme scheme or metrical pattern | 63 | |
| 8651158118 | Genre | A sub-category of literature. | 64 | |
| 8651158119 | Gothic | A sensibility that includes such features as dark, gloomy castles and weird screams from the attic each night. | 65 | |
| 8651158120 | Hubris | The excessive pride or ambition that leads to the main character's downfall | 66 | |
| 8651158121 | Hyperbole | Exaggeration or deliberate overstatement. | 67 | |
| 8651158122 | Implicit | To say or write something that suggests and implies but never says it directly or clearly. | 68 | |
| 8651158123 | In media res | Latin for "in the midst of things," i.e. beginning an epic poem in the middle of the action. | 69 | |
| 8651158124 | Interior Monologue | Refers to writing that records the mental talking that goes on inside a character's head; tends to be coherent. | 70 | |
| 8651158125 | Inversion | Switching the customary order of elements in a sentence or phrase. | 71 | |
| 8651158126 | Irony | A statement that means the opposite of what it seems to mean; uses an undertow of meaning, sliding against the literal a la Jane Austen. | 72 | |
| 8651158127 | Lament | A poem of sadness or grief over the death of a loved one or over some other intense loss. | 73 | |
| 8651158128 | Lampoon | A satire. | 74 | |
| 8651158129 | Loose sentence | A sentence that is complete before its end: Jack loved Barbara despite her irritating snorting laugh. | 75 | |
| 8651158130 | Periodic Sentence | A sentence that is not grammatically complete until it has reached it s final phrase: Despite Barbara's irritation at Jack, she loved him. | 76 | |
| 8651158131 | Lyric | A type of poetry that explores the poet's personal interpretation of and feelings about the world. | 77 | |
| 8651158132 | Masculine rhyme | A rhyme ending on the final stressed syllable (regular old rhyme) | 78 | |
| 8651158133 | Meaning | What makes sense, what's important. | 79 | |
| 8651158134 | Melodrama | A form of cheesy theater in which the hero is very, very good, the villain mean and rotten, and the heroine oh-so-pure. | 80 | |
| 8651158135 | Metaphor | A comparison or analogy that states one thing IS another. | 81 | |
| 8651158136 | Simile | A comparison or analogy that typically uses like or as. | 82 | |
| 8651158137 | Metonymy | A word that is used to stand for something else that it has attributes of or is associated with. | 83 | |
| 8651158138 | Nemesis | The protagonist's arch enemy or supreme and persistent difficulty. | 84 | |
| 8651158139 | Objectivity | Treatment of subject matter in an impersonal manner or from an outside view. | 85 | |
| 8651158140 | Subjectivity | A treatment of subject matter that uses the interior or personal view of a single observer and is typically colored with that observer's emotional responses. | 86 | |
| 8651158141 | Onomatopoeia | Words that sound like what they mean | 87 | |
| 8651158142 | Opposition | A pairing of images whereby each becomes more striking and informative because it's placed in contrast to the other one. | 88 | |
| 8651158143 | Oxymoron | A phrase composed of opposites; a contradiction. | 89 | |
| 8651158144 | Parable | A story that instructs. | 90 | |
| 8651158145 | Paradox | A situation or statement that seems to contradict itself, but on closer inspection, does not. | 91 | |
| 8651158146 | Parallelism | Repeated syntactical similarities used for effect. | 92 | |
| 8651158147 | Paraphrase | To restate phrases and sentences in your own words. | 93 | |
| 8651158148 | Parenthetical phrase | A phrase set off by commas that interrupts the flow of a sentence with some commentary or added detail. | 94 | |
| 8651158149 | Parody | The work that results when a specific work is exaggerated to ridiculousness. | 95 | |
| 8651158150 | Pastoral | A poem set in tranquil nature or even more specifically, one about shepherds. | 96 | |
| 8651158151 | Persona | The narrator in a non first-person novel. | 97 | |
| 8651158152 | Personification | When an inanimate object takes on human shape. | 98 | |
| 8651158153 | Plaint | A poem or speech expressing sorrow. | 99 | |
| 8651158154 | Point of View | The perspective from which the action of a novel is presented. | 100 | |
| 8651158155 | Omniscient | A third person narrator who sees into each character's mind and understands all the action going on. | 101 | |
| 8651158156 | Limited Omniscient | A Third person narrator who generally reports only what one character sees, and who only reports the thoughts of that one privileged character. | 102 | |
| 8651158157 | Objective | A thrid person narrator who only reports on what would be visible to a camera. Does not know what the character is thinking unless the character speaks it. | 103 | |
| 8651158158 | First person | A narrator who is a character in the story and tells the tale from his or her point of view. | 104 | |
| 8651158159 | Stream of Consciousness | Author places the reader inside the main character's head and makes the reader privy to all of the character's thoughts as they scroll through her consciousness. | 105 | |
| 8651158160 | Prelude | An introductory poem to a longer work of verse | 106 | |
| 8651158161 | Protagonist | The main character of a novel or play | 107 | |
| 8651158162 | Pun | The usually humorous use of a word in such a way to suggest two or more meanings | 108 | |
| 8651158163 | Refrain | A line or set of lines repeated several times over the course of a poem. | 109 | |
| 8651158164 | Requiem | A song of prayer for the dead. | 110 | |
| 8651158165 | Rhapsody | An intensely passionate verse or section of verse, usually of love or praise. | 111 | |
| 8651158166 | Rhetorical question | A question that suggests an answer. | 112 | |
| 8651158167 | Satire | Attempts to improve things by pointing out people's mistakes in the hope that once exposed, such behavior will become less common. | 113 | |
| 8651158168 | Soliloquy | A speech spoken by a character alone on stage, meant to convey the impression that the audience is listening to the character's thoughts. | 114 | |
| 8651158169 | Stanza | A group of lines roughly analogous in function in verse to the paragraphs function in prose. | 115 | |
| 8651158170 | Stock characters | Standard or cliched character types. | 116 | |
| 8651158171 | Subjunctive Mood | A grammatical situation involving the words "if" and "were," setting up a hypothetical situation. | 117 | |
| 8651158172 | Suggest | To imply, infer, indicate. | 118 | |
| 8651158173 | Summary | A simple retelling of what you've just read. | 119 | |
| 8651158174 | Suspension of disbelief | The demand made of a theater audience to accept the limitations of staging and supply the details with their imagination. | 120 | |
| 8651158175 | Symbolism | A device in literature where an object represents an idea. | 121 | |
| 8651158176 | Technique | The methods and tools of the author. | 122 | |
| 8651158177 | Theme | The main idea of the overall work; the central idea. | 123 | |
| 8651158178 | Thesis | The main position of an argument. The central contention that will be supported. | 124 | |
| 8651158179 | Tragic flaw | In a tragedy, this is the weakness of a character in an otherwise good (or even great) individual that ultimately leads to his demise. | 125 | |
| 8651158180 | Travesty | A grotesque parody | 126 | |
| 8651158181 | Truism | A way-too obvious truth | 127 | |
| 8651158182 | Unreliable narrator | When the first person narrator is crazy, a liar, very young, or for some reason not entirely credible | 128 | |
| 8651158183 | Utopia | An idealized place. Imaginary communities in which people are able to live in happiness, prosperity, and peace. | 129 | |
| 8651158184 | Zeugma | The use of a word to modify two or more words, but used for different meanings. He closed the door and his heart on his lost love. | 130 | |
| 8651158185 | Ode | A poem in praise of something divine or noble | 131 | |
| 8651158186 | Iamb | A poetic foot -- light, heavy | 132 | |
| 8651158187 | Trochee | A poetic foot -- heavy, light | 133 | |
| 8651158188 | Spondee | A poetic foot -- heavy, heavy | 134 | |
| 8651158189 | Pyrrhie | A poetic foot -- light, light | 135 | |
| 8651158190 | Anapest | A poetic foot -- light, light, heavy | 136 | |
| 8651158191 | Ambibranch | A poetic foot -- light, heavy, light | 137 | |
| 8651158192 | Dactyl | A poetic foot -- heavy, light, light | 138 | |
| 8651158193 | Imperfect | A poetic foot -- single light or single heavy | 139 | |
| 8651158194 | Pentameter | A poetic line with five feet. | 140 | |
| 8651158195 | Tetrameter | A poetic line with four feet | 141 | |
| 8651158196 | Trimeter | A poetic line with three feet | 142 | |
| 8651158197 | Blank Verse | unrhymed iambic pentameter. | 143 |
AP Biology: Gene Expression Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 6584245777 | Operon | a group of related genes found in a prokaryote that are controlled by one regulator |  | 0 |
| 6584245778 | Operator | location in DNA where the repressor protein attaches |  | 1 |
| 6584245779 | Repressor | the regulatory protein that turns the operon off by bing to the operator |  | 2 |
| 6584245780 | On | A lac operon that is producing lactase |  | 3 |
| 6584245781 | Tryptophan operon | sequence of genes that controls the production of tryptophan | 4 | |
| 6584245783 | Regulatory Gene | codes for a repressor protein | 5 | |
| 6584245784 | Repressor Protein | Binds to the operator to inhibit transcription | 6 | |
| 6584245789 | Inducible | operon that can be turned ON default is turned OFF ex: lac operon |  | 7 |
| 6584245790 | Repressible | operon that can be turned OFF default is turned ON ex: trp operon |  | 8 |
| 6584245791 | Inducer | molecule that attaches to the repressor protein, changes its shape and removes it from the operator | 9 | |
| 6599644591 | Gene Expression | turning on and off of genes | 10 | |
| 6599646397 | Promoter | location in DNA where RNA polymerase attaches | 11 | |
| 6599648607 | lactose | sugar metabolized by cells | 12 | |
| 6599649733 | lactase | enzyme that metabolizes a particular sugar | 13 | |
| 6599653026 | RNA Polymerase | enzyme that adds nucleotides during the transcription of mRNA | 14 | |
| 6599661822 | lac operon | sequence of genes that control the production of lactase | 15 | |
| 6599664280 | RNAi | silencer of gene expression | 16 | |
| 6599666640 | Homeotic Gene | master control gene that regulates the expression of other genes | 17 | |
| 6599668903 | Structural Genes | genes found sequentially in an operon that share a common function | 18 | |
| 6599672092 | Eukaryotes | Do NOT contain operons | 19 | |
| 6599676276 | Transcription | DNA --> mRNA | 20 | |
| 6599677940 | Stem Cell | undifferentiated / unspecialized cell | 21 | |
| 6599680605 | Plasmid | small, circular DNA containing few genes that self-replicates | 22 | |
| 6634079984 | Gene Cloning | production of many copies of a gene | 23 | |
| 6634082356 | pGLO | a gene that produces the green fluorescent protein normally found in certain jellyfish | 24 | |
| 6634087182 | Restriction Enzyme | protein that recognizes and cuts a particular sequence of DNA | 25 | |
| 6634091404 | Recombinant DNA | DNA that has been manipulated in a lab to contain a donor gene from another species | 26 | |
| 6634102837 | Reverse Transcriptase | an enzyme found in retroviruses that makes DNA from RNA | 27 | |
| 6634106969 | GMO | an organism that acquired new genes by artificial means | 28 | |
| 6634110258 | Gene Therapy | a treatment for a disease in which a patient's defective gene is altered or supplemented | 29 |
Flashcards
Flashcards
Exam Format - AP Spanish Language Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 7172753541 | How long is the 1st section? | 95 minutes | 0 | |
| 7172753542 | What percent is the 1st section of the final score? | 50 percent | 1 | |
| 7172753543 | What is Part A of the 1st section? | Interpretive Communication: Print texts | 2 | |
| 7172753544 | How many questions are in Part A of the 1st section? | 30 questions | 3 | |
| 7172753545 | How long is Part A of the 1st section? | 40 minutes | 4 | |
| 7172753546 | What is Part B of the 1st section? | Interpretive Communication: Print and Audio texts | 5 | |
| 7172753547 | How many questions are in Part B of the 1st section? | 35 questions | 6 | |
| 7172753548 | How long is Part B of the 1st section (Persuasive Essay)? | 55 minutes | 7 | |
| 7172753549 | How long is the 2nd section? | 85 minutes | 8 | |
| 7172753550 | What is the 1st section? | Multiple Choice | 9 | |
| 7172753551 | What is the 2nd section? | Free Response | 10 | |
| 7172753552 | What are the 3 mini-sections of the Free Response section? | Interpersonal writing Presentational writing Interpersonal speaking | 11 | |
| 7172753553 | How many prompts are in the Interpersonal Speaking? | 5 | 12 | |
| 7172753554 | How many seconds do you have to respond for each of the Interpersonal speaking prompts? | 20 seconds | 13 | |
| 7172753555 | What will you be writing in in the Interpersonal Mode? | An e-mail | 14 | |
| 7172753556 | What will you be presenting in the Presentational Mode? | A persuasive essay | 15 | |
| 7172753557 | How many sources will you need to use for your persuasive essay? | 3 | 16 | |
| 7172753558 | What type of sources will you be given for the persuasive essay? | One article, one graphic and one audio | 17 | |
| 7172753559 | How many times will you be able to hear the audio? | 2 | 18 | |
| 7172753560 | What will you do in the Presentational Speaking? | A cultural comparison | 19 | |
| 7172753561 | How long do you have to prepare for the Presentational speaking? | Four minutes | 20 | |
| 7172753562 | How long do you have to speak for the Presentational speaking? | Two minutes | 21 |
AP Literature Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 9839571728 | contempt | scorn, extreme dislike or disdain | 0 | |
| 9839572703 | speculative | not based on fact | 1 | |
| 9839578152 | meandering | winding back and forth; rambling | 2 | |
| 9839578979 | interpretive | explanatory | 3 | |
| 9839583099 | cynical | believing that people only act of selfishness | 4 | |
| 9839588412 | visionary | a person with original ideas about what the future could be like | 5 | |
| 9839590553 | pedantic | showing off learning | 6 | |
| 9839593914 | lyric | a song-like poem written mainly to express the feelings of emotions or thought from a particular person | 7 | |
| 9839597225 | polemic | an aggressive argument against a specific opinion | 8 | |
| 9839598858 | allegory | A story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside the tale itself. | 9 | |
| 9839600934 | ballad | a narrative folk song | 10 | |
| 9839603238 | ode | usually a lyric poem of moderate length, with a serious subject, an elevated style, and an elaborate stanza pattern | 11 | |
| 9839607991 | antecedent | a thing or event that existed before or logically precedes another | 12 | |
| 9839617611 | congeniality | compatibility; friendliness; agreeableness; pleasantness | 13 | |
| 9839619644 | pretentious | pompous, self-important | 14 | |
| 9839620413 | braggart | one who boasts a great deal | 15 | |
| 9839621208 | foreboding | a feeling of evil to come | 16 | |
| 9839623009 | doling | dispense as charity | 17 | |
| 9839627225 | synecdoche | using a part of something to represent the whole thing | 18 | |
| 9839629071 | metonymy | substituting the name of one object for another object closely associated with it | 19 | |
| 9839629943 | ineptitude | unskillfulness resulting from a lack of training | 20 | |
| 9839631572 | infirmities | physical or mental weakness | 21 | |
| 9839632506 | solemn | serious | 22 | |
| 9839634838 | derisive | expressing contempt or ridicule | 23 | |
| 9839634839 | flippant | lacking in seriousness; disrespectful, saucy | 24 | |
| 9839635775 | affable | friendly | 25 | |
| 9839636460 | laudatory | expressing praise | 26 | |
| 9839638163 | envious | jealous | 27 |
Pages
Need Help?
We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.
For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.
If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.
Need Notes?
While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!
