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AP Language Concepts Vocabulary List Flashcards

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7157427411ConnotationAssociated or secondary meaning of a word or expression in addition to its explicit meaning0
7157427412DenotationExplicit or direct meaning of a word or expression1
7157427708DictionStyle of writing as dependent upon word choice2
7157427710SyntaxRules and patterns of formation of sentences and phrases from words3
7157427709ToneParticular quality as expressive of some meaning or feeling4
7157428192ExplicitFully and clearly expressed5
7157428193ImplicitImplied, rather than expressly stated6
7157428194InferTo derive by reasoning7
7157428195ParallelismUse of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same or similar in construction, sound, or meaning8
7157428530Periodic SentenceMain clause or predicate is placed at the end9
7157428531Cumulative SentenceMain clause followed by phrases that modify the main clause10
7157428532Balanced SentenceContains two segments that are equal in length and grammatical structure and meaning11
7157429030Interrupted SentenceSentence in which an interrupting phrase interrupts the flow of a sentence, usually set off by commas, dashes, or parentheses12
7157429031AntithesisTwo opposite ideas are put together in a sentence to achieve a contrasting effect13
7157429032InversionNormal order of words is reversed in order to achieve emphasis or meter14
7157429033AnalogyComparison in which an idea or thing is compared to another thing that is quite different15
7157430453MetaphorFigure of speech which makes an implicit, implied, or hidden comparison between two things that are unrelated but share some common characteristics16
7157430454SimileFigure of speech that makes a comparison, showing similarities between two different things using "like" or "as"17
7157436194Logical FallacyErroneous argument dependent upon an unsound or illogical contention18
7157436195ApostropheWriter detaches himself (or herself) from reality and addresses an imaginary character19
7157436196AllusionBrief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing, or idea of historical, cultural, literary, or political significance20
7157436197HyperboleExaggeration of ideas for the sake of emphasis21
7157436478UnderstatementIntentionally makes a situation seem less important than it really is22
7157436479ParadoxStatement that appears to be self-contradictory or silly but may include a latent truth23
7157436480QualificationStatement that modifies or limits the meaning of a claim24
7157436804EpithetLiterary device that describes a place, a thing, or a person in such a way that it helps in making the characteristics more prominent than they actually are25
7157436805EuphemismPolite, indirect expressions which replace words and phrases considered harsh and impolite26
7157436806ConceitTwo vastly different objects are likened together with the help of similes or metaphors in an exceedingly unlikely but intellectually imaginative way27
7157436822SynecdochePart of something represents the whole or the whole represents a part28
7157437168MetonymyReplaces the name of a thing with the name of something else with which it is closely associated29
7157437169AlliterationStylistic device in which a number of words, having the same first consonant sound, occur close together in a series30
7157437417OnomatopoeiaWord which imitates the natural sounds of a thing31
7157437418SubjectivePoint of view based on one's opinions, beliefs, feelings, etc.32
7157437419ObjectivePoint of view not influenced by personal feelings, interpretations, etc.33
7157437420ClichéExpression that has been overused to the extent that it loses its original meaning or novelty34
7157437824SatireTechnique to expose and criticize foolishness and corruption of an individual or society by using humor, irony, exaggeration or ridicule; intends to improve humanity by criticizing it35
7157437825ParodyImitation of particular writer, exaggerating it deliberately to produce a comic effect36
7157437826IronyFigure of speech in which words are used in such a way that their intended meaning is different from the actual meaning37
7157437830ArchetypeTypical character, action, or situation that seems to represent such universal patterns of human nature38
7157438244AntistropheRhetorical device that involves the repetition of the same words at the end of consecutive phrases, clauses, sentences, or paragraphs39
7157438573PolysyndetonStylistic device in which several coordinating conjunctions are used in succession in order to achieve an artistic effect40
7157438574AsyndetonStylistic device used in literature and poetry to intentionally eliminate conjunctions between the phrases and in the sentence41
7157438575DeductionThe process of deriving a conclusion for a specific case via inference42
7157439135InductionGeneral conclusion reached through reasoning43
7157439136AnaphoraDeliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence in order to achieve an artistic effect44
7157439137AphorismStatement of truth or opinion expressed in a concise and witty manner45
7157439138EpigramRhetorical device that is a memorable, brief, interesting, and surprising satirical statement46
7157439849AnalysisStudying the nature of something or of determining its essential features and their relations47
7157439850ArgumentationMain statement that the writer will develop upon to convince readers48
7157439851SyllogismRhetorical device that starts an argument with a reference to something general and from this draws a conclusion about something more specific49
7157439852EnthymemeArgumentative statement in which the writer omits one of the major or minor premises, doesn't clearly pronounce it, or keeps it implied50
7157440175ChiasmusTwo or more clauses are balanced against each other by the reversal of their structures51
7157440176EllipsisUsed in narratives to omit some parts of a sentence or event, which gives readers the chance to fill in gaps while acting or reading it out52
7157440177AnadiplosisRepetition of a word or words in successive clauses in such a way that the second clause starts with the same word which marks the end of the previous clause53
7157441807EpanalepsisRepetition of the same words at the end and start of a sentence54
7157442362AntimetaboleRepeating a phrase in reverse order (synonym to chiasmus)55
7157442991AllegoryAbstract ideas and principles are described in terms of characters, figures, and events56
7157442992Simple SentenceOnly one main or independent clause and no dependent or subordinate clause57
7157442993Compound SentenceAt least two independent clauses that have related ideas58
7157443344Complex SentenceOne independent clause and at least one dependent clause59
7157443345Complex-Compound SentenceAt least two independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses60
7157443576DeclarativeSentence that uses a simple statement61
7157443577ExclamatoryMain clause expresses strong emotions or feelings, with an exclamation mark62
7157443578InterrogativeSentence that uses an interrogation or a question63
7157443579ImperativeSentence that gives instructions or advice, or expresses a command or request64
7157443835AntecedentEarlier clause, phrase, or word to which a pronoun, another word, or a noun refers back to65
7157443836NostalgiaDiscuss general interest in the past, or personalities of the past, and subsequent feelings of pleasure or pain66
7157444287DichotomyDivides a thing into two equal and contradictory parts or between two opposing groups67
7157444288Paradigm ShiftAn important change that happens when the usual way of thinking about or doing something is replaced by a new and different way68
7157444779EnumerateListing details, or a process of mentioning words or phrases step by step69
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AP Literature Vocabulary Flashcards

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3339209088Palliate(Adj.) Make less serious or severe; relieve symptoms of an illness (Pal-i-ate)0
3339210440Meretricious(Adj.) Tawdrily and falsely attractive (Mer-i-tri-cious)1
3339210441Credulous(Adj.) Too ready to believe, easily deceived2
3339210442Genial(Adj.) cordial, pleasantly cheerful or warm3
3339212215Pedantic(Adj.) Ostentatious about learning; overally scholarly4
3339212216Ostensible(Adj.) apparent; evident; easy to see5
3339213504Salubrious(Adj) promoting health6
3339213505Ascetic(Adj.) One who leads a life of self-denial and contemplation; absent of luxury7
3339223026Prurient(Adj.) Having frequent lustful or lewd thoughts or desires8
3339223027Incendiary(Adj.) deliberately setting or causing fires; designed to start fires; tending to stir up strife or rebellion9
3339223028Disconsolate(adj.) deeply unhappy or dejected; without hope, beyond consolation10
3339230384Peremptory(adj.) having the nature of a command that leaves no opportunity for debate, denial, or refusal; offensively self-assured, dictatorial; determined, resolute11
3339236557Diffident(adj.) shy, lacking self-confidence; modest, reserved12
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AP Language and Composition, Vocabulary 1 Flashcards

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7455907357MoodThe emotional tone or prevailing atmosphere in a work of literature or other discourse.0
7456281738Point of ViewThe relation in which a narrator or speaker stands to a subject of discourse.1
7456291473ToneThe author's attitude toward the subject being written about.2
7456295396AsyndetonA list of three or more items in a sentence separated by commas but no conjunctions3
7456310779PolysyndetonA list of three or more items in a sentence separated by conjunctions but no commas4
7460680033ClimaxThe high point, or turning point, of a story or play5
7460682914SettingAn environment that consist of time, place, historical milieu, and social, political, and even spiritual circumstance.6
7460692091AnecdoteA brief explanation, summary, or evaluation of a text or work of literature7
7460696506DictionThe choice of words in oral and written discourse8
7460698465SyntaxSentence construction9
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Ap Language-Vocabulary Quiz Flashcards

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7616024143SonnetA 14 line poem written in iambic pentameter. Usually divided into three quatrains and a couplet.0
7616027306Iambic PentameterPoetry that is written in lines of 10 syllables, alternating stressed and unstressed syllables. "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?"1
7616029322Free VersePoetry that doesn't have much meter or rhyme.2
7616032240MeterA regular pattern to the syllables in lines of poetry.3
7616037966Stressed and unstressed syllablesIn every word of more than one syllable, one of the syllables is stressed, or said with more force than the other syllable(s). In the name "Nathan," the first syllable is stressed. In the word "unhappiness," the second of the four syllables is stressed.4
7616045669Rhyme SchemeThe pattern of a poem's end rhymes.5
7616057579End RhymeWhen the last word of two different lines of poetry rhyme.6
7616060978Slant RhymeWhen a poet creates a rhyme, but the two words do not rhyme exactly - they are merely similar.7
7616064488Internal rhymeWhen a line of poetry contains a rhyme within a single line.8
7616074762OnomatopoeiaThe use of a word which imitates or suggests the sound that the thing makes.9
7616077927ConsonanceThe repetition of the same consonant sound at the end of words or within words.10
7616081864AssonanceThe repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds.11
7616083534AlliterationThe repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of words.12
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AP Literature Cultural Literacy- LIt. Philosophy, Religion Flashcards

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6976582627Plato's AcademySchool of philosophy created by Plato in Athens.0
6976585768AeneidVirgil's Latin epic story of the Trojan Aeneas and his pre-founding of Rome.1
6976589031AeschylusGreek poet and founder of tragedy. The "Oresteia."2
6976592036Aesop's FablesGreeks stories told with animals and teaching moral lessons.3
6976594330AgnosticismDenial of knowledge of the existence of a God.4
6976595435AllahIslamic name for God. Arabic.5
6976598458AnimismBelief that natural objects possess a spirit.6
6976601329AnthropomorphismGiving human characteristics to objects, animals, plants, nature, or God.7
6976603487St. Aquinas13th Cent. priest. Reconciled Aristotle with Christianity.8
6976604845AristophanesGreek comic poet. The "Clouds" and "Lysistrata."9
6976606787BeatriceWoman loved by Dante. Guides his through Paradise. Subject of his sonnets. Represents object of courtly love.10
6976609943CalvinFrench protestant 16th Cent. God's grace and predestination.11
6976614042CandideSatire by Voltaire. "All is for the best in this best of all possible worlds."12
6976618665CiceroAncient Roman statesman. Rhetoric13
6976620096Clockwork UniverseImage of universe as God's clock, set into motion and determining laws of physics. Newton and heliocentric universe.14
6976622715Cogito, ergo sumLatin. I think; therefore I am. Descartes15
6976625927Confucius.His ethics influences Chinese value on learning and family.16
6976627604CopernicusModeled Ptolemaic (solar system) Universe. Founded modern astronomy.17
6976630708DanteItalian 13th Cent. Divine Comedy epic journey through hell, purgatory and heaven.18
6976633284DeismGod created and remains apart from universe using natural law. Rejects supernatural. Stresses ethical conduct. Many founder of US claimed to be deists.19
6976636220Don JuanLegendary Spanish lover. Referred to by Mozart and Byron.20
6976638751Don QuixoteCervantes. Reads too much Romance and believes he is a knight. Too idealistic?21
6976640727DostoevskyRussian 19th Cent. "Crime and Punishment" and "The Brothers Karamazov."22
6976642240DualismSystem explaining in terms of 2 opposing principles. Mind/matter Light/ Dark Good/Evil23
6976647423Epicureanismphilosophy founded on finding pleasure in life. Higher intellectual/ spiritual pleasure.24
6976650286Ethical relativismThe belief that ethical standards are subject to local interpretation and application. Prevailing view of person or culture.25
6982305836ExistentialismFear or dread coming from knowing that we are entirely free and therefore responsible for what we become vs. living in roles.26
6982307837FatalismEvents come from an impersonal fate and cannot be changed. (Determinism)27
6982309637FaustLegendary alchemist who sold his soul to get youth, knowledge and power. Goethe and Marlowe28
6982312077Free WillAbility to choose, think and act voluntarily. Author or your own actions vs. fate.29
6982315402Good FridayHoly Friday. Crucifixion prior to Easter Sunday.30
6982318273GraceFavor, love, and protection of God. Leads to salvation.31
6982322801HedonismDevotion to sensual pleasures. Vs. Epicureanism32
6982324105HeresyBelief considered unacceptable religiously. Heretics.33
6982324682HerodotusGreek Father of History. Persian wars.34
6982334152HumanistFocus on human possibilities. Less focus on God and afterlife.35
6982344649Immaculate ConceptionCatholic doctrine the Mary, Mother of Jesus, was free from original sin.36
6982347606InfernoHell in Dante's Divine Comedy. Describes various punishments.37
6982352033IslamFounded by Mohammed. Worship of one God of Jews and Christians. "Submission to the will of God."38
6982354701JihadHoly War ordained by God. A contoversial term in Islam that literally means "striving in the way of Allah"39
7162155633KafkaThe Metamophosis. Known for bizarre and frustrating stories. Man wakes up as a fly.40
7162158848Kant18th Cent. German philosopher. The "Critiques." We cannot know a thing in itself as it is- but only as our mind constitutes it. Must believe in God, Free Will.41
7162168202King James Bible1611. English Protestant best-known version. Commissioned by King James I.42
7162173710KoranHoly book of Islam The holy text used by Islam containing the exact word of God as revealed to Muhammad. Also Qu'ran43
7162176477KosherFollowing special dietary laws taken from Hebrew scripture.44
7162178774Liberal ArtsTo cultivate general intellect.The subjects and skills necessary for a free person to take part in public life trivium: rhetoric, grammar, logic, quadrivium: arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music45
7162182000LockeNatural Rights: life, liberty, property believed that governments were in place to safeguard the natural rights of people Tabula Rasa. Leviathan46
7162184288Lucifera proud, rebellious archangel, identified with Satan, who fell from heaven. Milton's anti-hero. Greek "Bringer of Light."47
7162186923Martin Luther16th Cent. German. Founded Protestantism. Posted the 95 Theses on Church door at Wittenberg. Opposed sell of indulgences and transubstantiation.48
7162192389Lysistrataby Aristophanes; women go on sex strike until the Peloponnesian war is over. 411 BC49
7162198800MachiavelliWrote "The Prince" wrote a guide for rulers on how to gain and keep power. The ends justify the means50
7164606466MarxismEconomic determinism. Capitalists vs. workers would lead to revolt and production would be commonly owned. Communism.51
7164612403Meccathe holiest city of Islam; Muhammad's birthplace and home of the Kaaba. A black sacred stone.52
7164630449MephistophelesDevil who tempts Faust into selling his soul. Goethe and Christopher Marlowe wrote about him. So did Sting.53
7164638155MetamophosesRoman source for much of our classical mythology. The banished poet Ovid wrote it.54
7164696202MohammedArab founder of Islam. Chief prophet of God. Dictated the Koran.55
7164699197MoliereSatirical French writer of Tartuffe and the Misanthrope.56
7164701855Mortal SinVenial Sin in catholic theology, a more serious sin that results in spiritual death. Willful murder is one.57
7164710036Music of the SpheresCreated by harmonious of movement of stars and planets within celestial spheres. Ptolemaic Universe.58
7164714692NietzcheOpposed to Christianity. "God is Dead." Concept of the "Superman" influenced the Nazi's.59
7164717177NihilismHuman life is meaningless. All religions, codes, and systems are empty and false. Nihil=nothing60
7164721350Noble SavageUncivilized person but more worthy than some civilized. Tonto? Often Romanticized.61
7164724943NirvanaBuddhist highest state of consciousness. Free from attachments and desires.62
7164728289OckhamPhilosopher in 14th Cent. "Entities are not to be multiplied beyond necessity." The simplest solution is usually right. Helio-centric universe.63
7164760458PantheismGod or a group of gods, = the natural world. Nature worship. Pan was a roman satyr god who lived in the forest. Panic.64
7164765920PenanceActs done to make up for sin.65
7164768005Philosopher-KingPlato's ideal ruler from his work "The Republic". Wise and virtuous.66
7164769211Perfectability of ManDoctrine that people are capable of achieving perfection on earth by natural means without the grace of God.67
7164777600Philosopher's StoneUsed in "alchemy" to turn metals into gold. Harry Potter!68
7164782713PlatonismWords and numbers exist independently of the things they are called.69
7164784542PolytheismBelief in multiple gods. Ex. Ancient Greeks.70
7164786309PragmatismTruth of a statement is measured by its practical consequences. John Dewey.71
7164787985PredestinationJohn Calvin. All events have been willed by God. Calvinist belief that God long ago determined who would gain salvation72
7164794311Providencethe protective care of God or of nature as a spiritual power. Divine. Declaration of Independence.73
7164799489PurgatoryPlace for dead souls to be purified of sin before they can enter heaven. Hamlet's dad hangs here.74
7164803024RelativismDoctrine that nothing is universally true but valid depending on the circumstances.75
7164806314RomanticismNineteenth-century artistic movement that appealed to emotion rather than reason. Imagination, freedom.76
7164810831Marquis de Sade18th cent. French author notorious for works of sexual perversity and sadism. Pleasure from pain.77
7164814365SapphoAncient Greek poet known for her love lyrics.78
7164816111Schismpermanent division in a church. Eastern and Western Catholicism.79
7164819971SecularNot concerned with religious matters. Opposite of sacred. Not anti-religious. State vs. Church.80
7164824512Seven Deadly SinsMiddle Age sins that lead to damnation. Pride, greed, lust, anger, gluttony, envy, and sloth.81
7164829928SophistsGreek teachers more interested in winning the argument than truth.82
7164834183StoicismRoman stoics believed that people strictly restrain emotion to achieve wisdom. Spock and Brutus.83
7164887774Tabula RasaBlank Slate. Calvin believed children were born this way.84
7164893367Totemanimal or plant whose spirit guided them. Represented for a person, family or group.85
7164897929TransubstantiationThe changing of bread and wine of the Eucharist into the body and blood of Christ. Major dispute between protestants and Catholics.86
7164901760TroubadoursWandering minstrels who popularized the vernacular in lyric poetry. Medieval internet. Taught chivalry and love.87
7164904459UtilitarianismOption That Results in the Greates Good for the Greatest # of People. John Stuart Mill.88
7164907304VirgilAuthor of Aeneid. Roman poet of founding of Rome through travels of Aeneas. Trojan. Led Dante through Inferno.89
7164910616VishnuPreserver deity of Hinduism. Appeared as Krishna and the Buddha.90
7164913600Yin and YangPowers that govern the natural rhythms of life and must be balanced in Chinese theory. Tao. Yin=passive, negative. Yang=active, positive.91
7164916854ZenFrom Buddhism. Enlightenment thru meditation. Release from self.92
7164922730Zeitgeistthe mood or spirit of the times. Roaring Twenties.93
7164927692BeowulfA hero who fights Grendel, Grendel's Mother and a fire breathing dragon; protagonist94
7164928443Bard of AvonShakespeare's nickname because he was born in Stratford-Upon-the-Avon River95
7164928987Big BrotherRuler or government that invades privacy of citizens fro "security." George Orwell's 198496
7164930965Brave New WorldAldous Huxley. Government control by pleasure principle. Keep masses distracted, ignorant and pleasured. Soma. From Shakespeare's "Tempest."97
7164935314Byronic HeroLord Byron. Melancholy and rebellious young man. Usually destroyed. Byron, James Dean, Kurt Cobain. Romanticized.98
7164938483Catch-22Joseph Heller. WWII Post-modern. Absurd arrangement that puts one in a double bind. Soldier could be mentally "unfit", and released if insane, but if sane enough to detest the horrors of war, he could not.99
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AP Literature Vocabulary Flashcards

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5946344080AcerbicTo be sharp or sarcastic0
5946348623SanctimoniousShow of moral superiority1
5946351590SagaciousKeen mental judgment2
5946353435EpistropheRepetition of words or phrases at the end of a sentence3
5946356855LeitmotifDominant recurring theme4
5946359686EpistolaryA missive or letter5
5946364166VitriolicAcidic or assertive anger6
5946366580EnjambmentNo punctuation at the end of a line of poetry, yet the thought continues7
5946371773DirgelikeA funeral-like song; a tone that is mournful8
5946377195Petrarchan SonnetFollows the pattern: ABBA ABBA ABBA CDCD9
5946381494DidacticismA poem that teaches a lesson10
5946385082AxiomA statement or proposition that is regarded as being established, accepted, or self-evidently true11
5946387893Homiliesa religious discourse that is intended primarily for spiritual edification rather than doctrinal instruction; a sermon12
5946387894Adagea proverb or short statement expressing a general truth13
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AP Literature Poetry Terms Flashcards

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6692599768allegoryan extended narrative in prose or verse in which characters, events, & settings represent abstract qualities & in which the writer intends a second meaning to be read beneath the surface story; the underlying meaning may be moral, religious, political, social, or satiric0
6692611337alliterationthe repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words that are close to one another; for example, "beautiful blossoms blooming between the bushes"1
6692621081allusiona reference to another work or famous figure assumed to be well known enough to be recognized by the reader2
6692624864analogya comparison of two similar but different things, usually to clarify an action or a relationship, such as comparing the work of a heart to a pump3
6692631758apostrophethe device of calling out to an imaginary, dead, or absent person, or to a place, thing, or personified abstraction either to begin a poem or to make a dramatic break in though somewhere within the poem4
6692640864ballada long narrative poem that presents a single dramatic episode, which is often tragic or violent5
6692645054blank versepoetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter, a favorite form used by Shakespeare6
6692649797catharsisthe emotional release that an audience member experiences as a result of watching a tragedy7
6692654774elegya form poem focusing on death or morality, usually beginning with the recent death of a particular person8
6692658628figurative languagelanguage that contains figures of speech such as similes & metaphors in order to create associations that are imaginative rather than literal9
6692668628foila character who, by contrast, highlights the characteristics of another character10
6692675167foreshadowingthe use of a hint or clue to suggest a larger event that occurs later in the work11
6692677750hubristhe excessive pride of ambition that leads a tragic hero to disregard warnings of impending doom, eventually causing his or her downfall12
6692682594imagerywords or phrases that use a collection of images to appeal to one or more of the five senses in order to create a mental picture13
6692687475ironya situation or statement in which the actual outcome or meaning is opposite to what was exceeded14
6692693055lyrica type of melodious, imaginative, & subjective poetry that is usually short & personal, expressing the thoughts & feelings of a single speaker rather than telling a story15
6692699855metaphora figure of speech in which one thing is referred to as another, for example, "my love is a fragile flower"16
6692705370metonymya figure of speech that uses the name of an object, person, or idea to represent something with which it is associated, such as using "the crown" to refer to a monarch17
6692714105moodsimilar to tone, mood is the primary emotional attitude of a work18
6692718872odea long lyric poem, usually serious, & elevated in tone; often written to praise someone or something19
6692723114oxymorona figure of speech composed of contradictory words or phrases, such as "wise fool"20
6692728939paradoxa statement that seems to contradict itself but that turns out to have a rational meaning, as in Thoreau's: "I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude."21
6692739126personificationthe attribution of human qualities to a nonhuman or an inanimate object22
6692742547point of viewthe perspective from which a story is presented23
6692745779refraina line or group of lines that are periodically repeated throughout a poem24
6692750053regionalisman element in literature that conveys a realistic portrayal of a specific geographical locale, using the locale & its influences as a major part of the plot25
6692759772sarcasmharsh, caustic personal remarks to or about someone; less subtle than irony26
6692762968simileuses like, as, or as if to make a direct comparison27
6692766423soliloquyspeech spoken by a character alone on stage, giving the impression that the audience is listening to the character's thoughts28
6692773576stereotypea character who represents a trait that is usually attributed to a particular social or racial group & lacks individuality29
6692887862symbol/symbolismgenerally, anything that represents or stands for something else30
6692890005synecdochea figure of speech in which a part of something is used to represent a whole, such as using "boards" to mean "a stage"31
6692900939themethe central idea or message of a literary work32
6692913488tragic flawthe one weakness that causes the downfall of the hero in a tragedy33
6692917065voicethe way a written work conveys an author's attitude34
6692920552villanellea closed form poem of nineteen lines, composed of five tercets & a concluding quatrain35
6692933066sestinaa poem with six stanzas of six lines & a final triplet, all stanzas having the same six words at the line-ends in six different sequences that follow a fixed pattern36
6692941116enjambmentcarrying the poetic line to another line before completing the thought37
6692943065synesthesiausing words that relate to one of the five senses to describe a situation from another of the five senses38
6692948121octavethe first eight lines of an Italian sonnet, unified by topic, rhythm, & rhyme39
6692951986sestetthe last six lines of an Italian sonnet40
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AP Literature Vocab #5 Flashcards

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7775492187Affrontinsult0
7775492188BlaséUnimpressed or indifferent to something because one has experienced it or seen it so often before1
7775492189Cajoleto persuade with false promises and flattery2
7775492190Cholericeasily angered3
7775492191EncumberTo weigh down or burden4
7775492192Fecklesslacking initiative or strength of character; irresponsible5
7775492193Impassedead end6
7775492194IndolentLazy7
7775492195Lugubrioussorrowful; mournful; dismal8
7775492196Ribaldoffensive in speech or gesture9
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AP World History Religions Flashcards

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9208638193Vedic Religionancient religion of the Aryan who entered northwestern India from Persia, precursor to Hinduism0
9208638194HinduismA religion native to India, featuring belief in many gods and reincarnation1
9588512634Shamanismbelief that some people can communicate with spirits2
9588512635AnimismThe belief that bodies of water, animals, trees, & other natural objects have spirits3
9208676352Christianitythe religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its beliefs and practices.4
9208676353IslamSubmission to the will of Allah5
9208676354Thervada Buddhisma branch of Buddhism that focuses on the wisdom of Buddha6
9208676355Mahayana BuddhismBuddhist sect that focuses on the compassion of the Buddha7
9208676356BuddhismA religion based on the teachings of the Buddha.8
9208676357Daoism/TaoismA Chinese philosophy where people practice humility, lead a simple life and have harmony with nature9
9208676358Confucianisma system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius.10
9208676359atheista person who believes there is no god11
9208676360Shintoisma religion based in Japan, marked by worship of nature and reverence for ancestors12
9208676361Judaismbelief in a single God laid the foundation of both Christianity and Islam13
9208676362ZoroastrianismPersian monotheistic religion founded by the prophet Zarathustra.14
9208676363Protestant ReformationA split in the church caused by corruption in the church15
9208676364The Great SchismThe seperation of the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church (1054 CE)16
9208764856Siddhartha GautamaThe prince who is said to have founded Buddhism.17
9208764857Jesus ChristFounder of Christianity and is a messenger of God. He is the son of God18
9208764858MosesLed the Exodus of the Hebrews from Egypt; received the 10 commandments19
9208764859Abrahamthe first of the Old Testament patriarchs and the father of Isaac20
9208764860UpanishadsA group of writings sacred in Hinduism concerning the relations of humans, God, and the universe.21
9208764861ZorasterThe founder of ancient persian religion Zoroastrianism22
9208764862MohammedProphet of Allah; founder of Islam.23
9256601557Ten CommandmentsA set of laws for responsible behavior, which, according to the Bible, were given to Moses by God.24
9256601558TorahThe first five books of Jewish Scripture, which they believe are by Moses, are called this25
9256601559Old Testamentthe first part of the Christian Bible, corresponding to the Jewish Bible26
9256601560New TestamentChristian Scriptures27
9256601561Koran (Qur'an)Holy book of Islam28
9256601562Bhagavad GitaA book in popular Hinduism that was a response to Buddhism and made reaching moksha way easier.29
9256601563Four Noble Truthsthe four basic doctrines, or principles, of Buddhism30
9256601564Eight Fold PathEight steps to end suffering and attain enlightenment according to Buddhist tradition.31
9256601565Moksha (Hinduism)becoming one with Brahman32
9256601566NirvanaThe state of englightenment for Buddhists.33
9608313738Hadiths"traditions" of the prophet Muhammad; added to the Qur'an, form the essential writings of Islam34
9608313739Allah (Islam)Arabic word for God35
9608313740Deismbelief in a God who created the world but has since remained indifferent to it.36
9608313741PatheismSaw God in nature37
9608313742Sikhismreligion founded by Nanak that blended Islamic and Hindu beliefs38
9608313743Guru NanakIndian religious leader who founded Sikhism in dissent from the caste system of Hinduism39
96083605805 Pillars of Islambelief, prayer, charity, fasting, pilgrimage40
9608360581PilgrimageA journey to a place considered sacred for religious purposes.41
9608500077NeoconfucianismFormed by Tang Dynasty, mixture of Confucianism, Buddhism & Daoism42
9608734945Laws of Manurules & regulations of hindu social order authorized by the 1st human being43
9624722874Zen Buddhisma Buddhist doctrine that enlightenment can be attained through direct intuitive insight44
9624722875NirvanaThe state of englightenment for Buddhists.45
9624722876MokshaThe Hindu concept of the spirit's 'liberation' from the endless cycle of rebirths.46
9624722877ReincarnationHindu & Buddhist belief that souls are reborn into new bodies over & over.47
9624722878Sanskrit(Hinduism) an ancient language of India (the language of the Vedas & of Hinduism)48
9624722879MonasticismThe lifestyle of a monk/ nun, characterized by prayer & solitude49
9624722880MissionaryAn individual who helps to diffuse a universalizing religion.50
9624722881PolytheismBelief in many gods51
9624722882Caste SystemA Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life52
9624722883MonotheismBelief in one God53
9624722884DaodejingThe central text of Daoism; translated as The Way and Its Power.54
9624722885Ying and YangChinese symbol that means complementary opposites; dark & happy55
9624722886LaoziA legendary Chinese philosopher of the sixth century B.C.E.; regarded as the founder of Daoism.56
9624722887KarmaThe belief that actions in this life, whether good/ bad, will decide your place in the next life.57
9624722888DukkhaLife is suffering58
9624722889MonasteriesCommunities of monks59
9624722890BrahmaA single spiritual power that Hindus believe lives in everything60
9624736310Jainisman Indian religion based on the teachings of Mahavira that teaches all life is sacred61
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