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Pre-ap Greece test Flashcards

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3565306519TyrannyRuled by one person, usually taken by force; Seized power to free slaves and reform laws0
3565314702DemocracyHad council of 500; Ruled by many people; All citizens were in the assembly1
3565328878OligarchyAristocrats ruled and most people had little say in government; Ruled by a few Aristocrats2
3565340445MonarchyPeople paid taxes, obeyed laws and expected protection from the king; Ruled by one person, usually a king3
3565355740AphroditeGoddess of love and beauty4
3565360977ApolloGod of the sun5
3565366020ArtemisGoddess of the moon and the hunt6
3565368402AthenaGoddess of wisdom7
3565371171HeraGoddess of marriage; wife of all the gods8
3565376667ZeusGod of the sky; Ruled Olympia9
3565392366Chronological order of progression of democracy in AthensMonarchy; Oligarchy; Tyranny; Democracy10
3565403867Ways Greek geography affected development-Rough terrain made farming difficult -Waterways made trade easy11
3565420872Why do archeologists think the Trojan war actually took place?An archeologist discovered the possible remains of ancient Troy.12
3565433937How were Greek gods and goddesses connected to the city-states?Guardians of each state13
3565440921SalamisAthenian naval victory that destroyed Persian supplies14
3565448356MarathonA Greek army saved Athens in the first Persian war by telling them of a secret path15
3565455555Plataeadecisive Greek victory of the second Persian war16
3565473230In Ancient Greece, a tyrant differed from other leaders in that he--seized power illegally17
3565477633A phalanx was a type ofMilitary formation18
3565485763Aeschylus"The father of tragedy"19
3565487777AristotleMade the method for arguing logic (sci. method)20
3565496505ThucydidesHistorical account of the Peloponnesian War21
3565500648Hippocrates"Founder of medicine"22
3565506055HomerThe iliad23
3565509918PericlesPaid Jurors and Council of 50024
3565516080SophoclesOedipus Rex25
3565517891Socrates"The unexamined life is not worth living"26
3565522379Herodotus"The father of history"27
3565525252Pythagorasa2+b2=c228
3565535050PhidiasStatue of Athena on Athenian Acropolis29
3565538951PlatoThe Republic30
3565540742CorinthianThe most fancy type of column31
3565545371Doricmost plain type of column32
3565548019Ioniccolumn known for scrolls33
3565560669Major accomplishment during the Golden AgeConstruction of the Parthenon on the Acropolis34
3565568156Polispolitically organized city-states35
3565588931Peloponnesian war-sparta vs athens -resulted in weaker greek c-s -Delian league vs. Peloponnesian League36
3565601751Persian War-United athens and sparta -resulted in golden age -Battle of Marathon -Battle of Salamis37
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AP Language Frequently Used Vocab Flashcards

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4334123442AcerbicBitter or stinging0
4334123443ArdentEnthusiastic or passionate1
4334123444AmbivalentHaving mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone.2
4334123445BefuddledConfused or perplexed3
4334123446BelligerentHostile or aggressive4
4334123447CandidOpen and honest—blunt5
4334123448CapriciousGiven to whims (thus changing one's mind or mood easily)6
4334123449CynicalGiven to one's own interests; distrustful of human society7
4334123450DiffidentModest or shy because of a lack of confidence8
4334123451DogmaticStubborn; unwilling to change one's mind (in terms of principles)9
4334123452DisparagingExpressing the opinion that someone or something is of little worth10
4334123453DidacticInstructional11
4334123454EarnestSincere and intense conviction (serious)12
4334123455EffusiveExpressing feelings of gratitude, pleasure, or approval in an unrestrained or heartfelt manner.13
4334123456EruditeHaving or showing great knowledge or learning.14
4334123457EvasiveTending to avoid commitment or self-revelation, esp. by responding only indirectly.15
4334123458FacetiousTreating serious issues with deliberately inappropriate humor;16
4334123459FlippantNot showing a serious or respectful attitude17
4334123460InaneSilly; stupid18
4334123461IncredulousDisbelieving; skeptical19
4334123462LackadaisicalLacking energy or enthusiasm20
4334123463LoathingDeep seated hatred21
4334123464LugubriousLooking or sounding sad and dismal.22
4334123465NarcissisticVanity; self-love; self-absorption23
4334123466NostalgicA longing for the past (like Grandma's cookies)24
4334123467PensiveReflecting deep or serious thought.25
4334123468PedanticOverly concerned with minute details or rules; nit-picky; fussy; meticulous (this word is often used as a negative conntation26
4334123469PatronizingTreat with an apparent kindness that betrays a feeling of superiority.27
4334123470PompousAffectedly and irritatingly grand, solemn, or self-important.28
4334123471PejorativeExpressing contempt or disapproval.29
4334123472PragmaticDealing with things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than theoretical considerations30
4334123473SuperciliousBehaving or looking as though one thinks one is superior to others.31
4334123474TranquilFree from disturbance; calm.32
4334123475Terseto the point; abrupt33
4334123476Vitriolicbitter criticism or malice34
4334123477Diatribea forceful and bitter verbal attack against someone or something35
4334123478Pretentiousattempting to impress by affecting greater importance, talent, culture, etc., than is actually possessed36
4334123479Poignantevoking a keen sense of sadness or regret.37
4334123480Ambiguousunclear or inexact because a choice between alternatives has not been made.38
4334123481Sanguineoptimistic or positive, especially in an apparently bad or difficult situation; of the color red (blood)39
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AP Literature Vocabulary Flashcards

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3404520636Abridge (v)To shorten; to condense0
3404520637Cajole (v)To wheedle, coax, or persuade someone into doing something they don't want to do1
3404520638Debacle (n)Collapse or failure2
3404520639Elapse (v)To pass or go by (said of time)3
3404520640Feign (v)To give a false appearance4
3404520641Grid (v)To prepare as for action5
3404520642Hoard (v)To accumulate for future use6
3404520643Incongruous (adj)Not appropriate, not suited for the environment7
3431458336Lassitude (n)Condition of weariness; fatigue8
3431458337Martyr (n)Someone willing to sacrifice or even die for a cause9
3431458338Opportune (adj)Occurring or coming at a good time10
3431458339Obtuse(adj)Lacking intelligence11
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AP Literature Vocab 1 Flashcards

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6001038174PunMaking a joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word.0
6001042586EpigramsA short poem, especially a satirical one, having a witty or ingenious ending.1
6001048376FarceA comic dramatic work.2
6001053092Deus Ex MachinaAn unexpected power or event saving a seemingly hopeless situation.3
6001058328ComedyEntertainment consisting of jokes.4
6001060913SatireThe use of humor, irony, and exaggeration to criticize people.5
6001065838WitMental sharpness and inventiveness.6
6001067513FoilTo prevent from succeeding.7
6001071798Blocking CharacterA character whose actions delay the happy ending.8
6001071799MotifThe theme or idea of a story.9
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AP World History (6) Flashcards

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6532175097Crusadesinvasions of western Christians into Muslim lands, especially Palestine; captured Jerusalem and established Christian kingdoms enduring until 1291.0
6532175098Saadin(1137-1193); Muslim ruler of Egypt and Syria; reconquered most of the crusader kingdoms.1
6532175099Ibn Khaldungreat Muslim historian; author of The Muqaddimah; sought to uncover persisting patterns in Muslim dynastic history.2
6532175100Shah-Namaepic poem written by Firdawsi in the late 10th and early 11th centuries; recounts the history of Persia to the era of Islamic conquests.3
6532175101ulamaIslamic religious scholars; pressed for a more conservative and restrictive theology; opposed to non-Islamic thinking.4
6532175102al-Ghazalibrilliant Islamic theologian; attempted to fuse Greek and Qur'anic traditions.5
6532175103Mongolscentral Asian nomadic peoples; captured Baghdad in 1258 and killed the last Abbasid caliph.6
6532175104Chinggis Khan(1162-1227); Mongol ruler; defeated the Turkish Persian kingdoms.7
6532175105Hulegugrandson of Chinggis Khan; continued his work, taking Baghdad in 1258.8
6532175106MamluksRulers of Egypt, descended from Turkish slaves.9
6532175107Muhammad ibn QasimArab general who conquered Sind and made it part of the Umayyad Empire.10
6532175108Mahmud of Ghazniruler of an Afghan dynasty; invaded northern India during the 11th century.11
6532175109Muhammad of GhurPersian ruler of a small Afghan kingdom; invaded and conquered much of northern India.12
6532175110Qutb-ud- din Aibaklieutenant of Muhammad of Ghur; established kingdom in India with the capital at Delhi.13
6532175111bhaktic cultsHindu religious groups who stressed the importance of strong emotional bonds between devotees and the gods or goddesses—especially Shiva, Vishnu, and Kali.14
6532175112Mir Bailow-caste woman poet and songwriter in bhaktic cults.15
6532175113Kabir15th-century Muslim mystic who played down the differences between Hinduism and Islam.16
6532175114Shrivijayatrading empire based on the Malacca straits; its Buddhist government resisted Muslim missionaries; when it fell, southeastern Asia was opened to Islam.17
6532175115Malaccaflourishing trading city in Malaya; established a trading empire after the fall of Shrivijaya.18
6532175116Demakmost powerful of the trading states on the north Java coast; converted to Islam and served as a dissemination point to other regions.19
6532175117Cyrus the Great(c. 576 or 590-529 B.C.E.); founded Persian Empire by 550 B.C.E.; successor state to Mesopotamian empires.20
6532175118ZoroastrianismPersian religion that saw material existence as a battle between the forces of good and evil; stressed the importance of moral choice; a last judgment decided the eternal fate of each person.21
6532175119Olympic Gamesone of the pan-Hellenic rituals observed by all Greek citystates; involved athletic competitions and ritual celebrations.22
6532175120PericlesAthenian political leader during 5th century B.C.E.; guided development of Athenian Empire.23
6532175121Peloponnesian Warwar from 431 to 404 B.C.E. between Athens and Sparta for domination in Greece; the Spartans won but failed to achieve political unification in Greece.24
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AP Literature Terms 1 Flashcards

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7253312126AestheticAppealing to the senses and qualities of beauty.0
7253312127AllegoryA story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.1
7253312128AlliterationThe repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words.2
7253312129AllusionA direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art. Can be historical, literary, religious, topical, or mythical.3
7253312130Anachronism"Misplaced in time." An aspect of a story that doesn't belong in its supposed time setting.4
7253312131Anapest3 syllables foot - stress on the last5
7253312132AnalogyA comparison, usually involving two or more symbolic parts, employed to clarify an action or a relationship.6
7253312133AnecdoteA short story; usually interesting or amusing to make some point.7
7253312134AnthropomorphismWhen inanimate objects are given human characteristics. Often confused with personification.8
7253312135AnticlimaxOccurs when an action produces far smaller results than one had been led to expect.9
7253312136AntiheroA protagonist who is markedly unheroic: morally weak, cowardly, dishonest, or any number of other unsavory qualities.10
7253312137AntithesisA statement in which two opposing ideas are balanced11
7253312138AphorismA brief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life.12
7253312139ApostropheA figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love.13
7253312140AssonanceRepetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity14
7253312142ArchetypeA detail, image, or character type that occurs frequently in literature and myth and is thought to appeal in a universal way to the unconscious and to evoke a response15
7253312143ArchaismThe use of deliberately old-fashioned language.16
7253312144AsideA speech (usually just a short comment) made by an actor to the audience, as though momentarily stepping outside of the action on stage.17
7253312145AsyndetonThe absence or omission of conjunctions (and, but, yet, etc.) between parts of a sentence.18
7253312141BalladA long, narrative poem, usually in meter and rhyme. Typically has a naive folksy quality.19
7253312146Ballad stanzaA four-line stanza, known as a quatrain, consisting of alternating eight- and six-syllable lines.20
7253312148Blank verseUnrhymed iambic pentameter21
7253312149BombastPretentious, exaggeratedly learned language.22
7253312147CaesuraA pause in a line of poetry as evidenced by punctuation (commas, colons, semicolons, etc.).23
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AP Literature Vocabulary #4 Flashcards

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7558197052AbscondTo flee secretly0
7558198647AdamantImmovable; unyielding1
7558202367BlitheCarefree2
7558204542CapriceAn impulsive change of mind3
7558206967CommodiousSpacious4
7558211251DesultoryDisconnected; rambling5
7558213203DisparityDifference6
7558215261DuressConstraint7
7558218213EnsconceTo place securely; to conceal8
7558223584InnocuousHarmless9
7558226153IrascibleEasily angered10
7558228804MenialServile; low11
7558233887PeruseTo read with thoroughness12
7558235790PosteritySucceeding generations13
7558238327ProfligateShamelessly immoral; extremely wasteful14
7558244954SlothfulIdle; lazy15
7558250342StiltedPompous16
7558255856TacitSilent17
7558268927TiradeLong; vehement speech18
7558274043VerbosityWordiness19
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AP Language Terminology 3 Flashcards

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2489846211ElegyA lyric poem that laments the dead.0
2489846212EpistropheRepetition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive clauses1
2489847384Epitapha phrase or statement written in memory of a person who has died, especially as an inscription on a tombstone.2
2489847386EulogyA speech or writing in praise of a person or thing, especially honoring the dead.3
2489850189EuphemismAn indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant4
2489850190ExpositionBackground information presented in a literary work.5
2489850191Extended MetaphorA metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.6
2489851197FlashbackA scene that interrupts the normal chronological sequence of events in a story to depict something that happened at an earlier time7
2489851198GenreA category or type of literature (or of art, music, etc.) characterized by a particular form, style, or content.8
2489851199HomilyThis term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.9
2489851200HyperboleA figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor10
2489853653Inductive ReasoningA type of logic deriving general principles from particular facts or instances11
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AP literature Flashcards

Week 2

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7284980507Approximate rhymeA term used for words in a rhyming pattern that have some kind of sound correspondence but are not perfect rhymes (Imperfect rhyme, near rhyme, slant rhyme, oblique rhyme)0
7284980508Artistic UnityThat condition of a successful literary work whereby all its elements work together for the achievement of its central purpose1
7284980509AsideA brief speech in which a character turns from the person being addressed to speak directly to the audience2
7284980510AssonanceThe repitition at close intervals of the vowel sounds of accented syllables or important words3
7284980511AubadeA poem about dawn; morning love song, or a poem about the parting of lovers at dawn4
7284980512BalladA fairly short narrative poem written in a songlike stanza form5
7284980513Blank VerseUnrhymed iambic pentameter6
7284980514CacophonyA harsh, discordant, unpleasant-sounding choice and arrangement of sounds7
7284980515CaesuraA speech pause ocurring within a line8
7284980516CatharsisA term used by Aristotle to describe some sort of emotional release experienced by the audience at the end of a successful tragedy9
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AP world history Flashcards

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7192071402AustralopithecusWhen: 4 million years ago Where: East Africa What: first hominids, walked uprights, sophisticated tools, apposable thumbs, Traveled deliberately0
7192074828Homo ErectusWhen: 1 Million years ago Where: North Africa, Eurasian landmass, west Asia, south Asia, East Asia, southeast Asia , Europe What: Upright walking human, larger brain, advanced tools, Travel most of the eastern hemisphere1
7192075626Homo SapiensWhen: two hundred thousand years ago Where: Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, New Guinea What: Consciously thinking human, large brain, close to modern brain structure, Throat with vocal cords and tongue, made there own languages, intelligent,2
7192077829PaleolithicWhen: Paleolithic era Where: South America, Africa, Asia, Australia What: Hunters and Gathers, no social distinctions, some weapons and tools, have the same gender equality3
7192079419NeanderthalWhen: two hundred thousand and thirty five years ago Where: Europe and south west Asia What: Part of the Homo neandertalensis species, lived near homo sapiens, traded goods with homo sapiens, imitated technologies, ritual and burial, had emotions and feelings.4
7192078232Venus figurineWhen: Paleolithic era Where: South America, Africa, Asia Australia What: Reflect deep interest in fertility, prominent sexual features,5
7192079704Cave paintingWhen: Thirty four thousand years ago Where: Southern France and northern Spain What: most of animals, Told stories, had some human figures.6
7192080714Neolithic EraWhen: twelve thousand years ago Where: Eastern hemisphere What: Brought plants under cultivation, animals under domestication, finements in tool making techniques7
7192081708Global climate ChangeWhen: fifteen thousand years ago Where: Whole world What: Sun and rain brought abundance of harvests, Winter made it had to farm, general warming increased rain fall8
7192082755slash and burn cultivationWhen: 6000 B.C.E Where: eastern and western hemispheres What: Frequent movement, Slash the bark on a stand of trees to the ground,9
7192082756JerichoWhen: 8000 B.C.E Where: North of the dead sea What: Earliest known neolithic villages10
7192083617catal HuyukWhen: 7250 to 5400 B.C.E Where: Modern Day turkey What: Best known neolithic village, originally a small unknown village, five thousand inhabitants11
7192084480Characteristics of a civilizationWhen: 7250 to 5400 B.C.E Where: Catal Huyuk What: Worshiped Venus figurines, agricultural society, Learned to associate the seasons with the stars, sun and moon12
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