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AP Language Flashcards

3408579236	Pun	a joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words that sound alike but have different meanings	0
3408583332	Hubris	excessive pride or self confidence	1
3408587365	Anadiplosis	is the repetition of the last word of a preceding clause. The word is used at the end of a sentence and then used again at the beginning of the next sentence.	2
3408594783	Litotes	ironical understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of its contrary	3
3408600566	Epistolary	of or relating to letters	4
3408608521	Antimetabole	a rhetorical device used to emphasize a point by creating a an easily remembered verbal association with it.	5
3408615984	Reductio ad Absurdum	Argument to demonstrate that a statement is true by showing that a false or absurd result follows from its denial.	6
3408622617	Antiphrasis	The ironic or humorous use of words in senses opposite of the generally accepted meanings.	7
3408627734	Ad Hominem	Argument or reaction directed towards a single person instead of the position they are speaking for.	8
3408632626	Pleonasm	the use of more words than are necessary to convey meaning	9
3408637295	Innuendo	Allusive or oblique remark (typically suggestive or disparaging).	10
3408641464	Synecdoche	Using a part to represent the whole	11
3408647288	Double Entendre	When a word or phrase means two things at the same time.	12
3408656443	Analogy	Comparing things using their relationships	13
3408656444	Anaphora	used to emphasize certain words or phrases.	14

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AP Language 11 Tropes Flashcards

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3115746492	Allusion	reference to famous/historical person/event	0
3115749887	Conceit	extended comparison by exploring metaphoric possibilities in a single subject ("A Rose by any other name...")	1
3115755606	Epithet	descriptive phrase highlighting key traits ("the Brown Bomber;" "the master mariner")	2
3115759071	Euphemism	use of inoffensive language in place of hurtful terms ("vertically challenged") (NOTE: a special form of is Circumlocution AP - "talking around" something, usually by supplying a descriptive phrase in place of a name; a form of euphemism (Lord Montague: "Let two more summers wither in their pride/Ere we may think her ripe to be a bride.")	3
3115775269	Hyperbole (Overstatement AP)	an intentionally exaggerated statement; for humor or emphasis	4
3115786652	Irony	a contrast between appearance and reality	5
3115793583	Litotes (Understatement, sometimes called Meiosis)	deliberate understatement, especially when expressing a thought by denying its opposite ("Oh it's nothing; I can always get another Dad" or, said of a serious wound, "It's only a scratch.")	6
3115799220	Metaphor	indirect comparison of an implied trait between two unlike objects ("eagle eye")	7
3115806053	Metonymy	reference to someone/thing by naming one of its parts; the substitution of the name of an object closely associated with a word for the word itself; e.g., the pen (for thoughts) is mightier than the sword (for military action)	8
3115813671	Onomatopoeia	using/inventing a word whose sound imitates that which it names ("gobbledygook," "boom," "The buzzing of innumerable bees" - the "zz" and "mm" imitate the bee sound)	9
3115819555	Oxymoron	apparent paradox (self-contradiction) by juxtaposing words that seem to contradict, yet hold a significant underlying truth (e.g., I must be cruel to be kind)	10
3115823003	Paradox	a statement that is self-contradictory on the surface, yet holds an underlying truth ("Death celebrates life.")	11
3115828657	Personification	reference to abstractions or inanimate objects as though they had human qualities or abilities ("The King of Winds slapped away the pesky homes")	12
3115833216	Pun (Paranomasia)	repetition of single word with two different meanings; two words that sound alike but have different meaning; a single word with two different meanings in same sentence	13
3115839888	Rhetorical Question	any question asked for a purpose other than to obtain the information the question asks ("What's in a name?")	14
3115844179	Sarcasm (not to be confused with Irony)	use of mockery, verbal taunts, or bitter irony, intended to hurt individuals (saying "nice shooting" to a teammate who has missed 10 foul shot free throws in a row)	15
3115856234	Simile	direct comparison of a stated trait between two like objects ("freshmen are sly as foxes")	16
3115862841	Syllepsis	When a single word that governs or modifies two or more others must be understood differently with respect to each of those words, often with a witty or comical effect. Not to be confused with zeugma. ("You held your breath and the door for me." - Alanis Morissette)	17
3115868018	Synedoche	the use of a part to signify the whole, or vice-versa ("threads" (clothes), "wheels" (car), "head of cattle," "the point of my steel")	18
3115871428	Zeugma	A general term describing when one part of speech (most often the main verb, but sometimes a noun) governs two or more other parts of a sentence (often in a series). ("But passion lends them power, time means, to meet." --Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet)	19
3115908896	Tropes	(a form of Diction, sometimes called Figurative Language or Rhetorical Devices) - meaning is altered, twisted, "turned," or "figured" from the usual or expected for emphasis or clarity	20

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AP Literature Terms for exam Flashcards

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6704916297	anaphora	the regular repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of two or more successive phrases or clauses.	0
6704916298	chiasmus	a reversal in the word order of words in two otherwise parallel sentences	1
6704916299	apostrophe	the direct address to an absent or dead person, or to an object, quality, or idea.	2
6704916300	hyperbole	a rhetorical figure in which emphasis is achieved through exaggeration	3
6704916301	metaphor	figurative language that describes something as though it actually were something else	4
6704916302	metonymy	the substitution of one term for another that is generally associated with it. (ex. the crown declared that the man would be executed.)	5
6704916303	synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole (ex. all hands on deck)	6
6704916304	onomatopoeia	the use of words that sound like a noise	7
6704916305	paradox	a statement or expression so surprisingly self-contradictory but ends up being true on some level	8
6704916306	parallelism	the use of similar grammatical structures or word order.	9
6704916307	personification	the use of human characteristics to describe animals, things, or ideas.	10
6704916308	point of view	the perspective that a narrator takes toward the events it describes	11
6704916309	pun	a witty word-play which reveals that words with different meanings have similar or even identical sounds	12
6704916310	satire	writing that ridicules or holds up to contempt the faults of individuals or groups	13
6704916311	polysyndeton	the repetition of conjunctions in a sentence	14
6704916312	asyndeton	the omission of conjunctions in a sentence	15
6704916313	archetype	a symbol found in many cultures	16
6704916314	dramatic irony	a situation where the audience knows something that the characters on stage are not aware of	17
6704916315	allusion	a reference to a piece of literature, character, historical figure that the author assumes the reader will recognize	18
6704916316	diction	the word choices made by a writer	19
6704916317	didactic	having the primary purpose of teaching or instructing	20
6704916318	exposition	the beginning portion of Freytag's pyramid where the background information, characters and setting are introduced	21
6704916319	denouement (catastrophe)	The final outcome of the main dramatic complication in a literary work or the outcome of a complicated sequence of events	22
6704916320	theme	Central idea of a work of literature	23
6704916321	tone	A writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization on the sentence and global levels.	24

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AP Literature Terms Flashcards

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5957699522	Expedient	Promoting some desired outcome; suitable for a purpose	0
5957705785	Anarchist	Person who rebels against established order	1
5957713236	Duplicity	Double-Dealing, hypocrisy	2
5957719754	Unwarranted	Unjustified, Lacking authorization	3
5957725906	Prodigal	Wasteful, Reckless with money	4
5957735081	Allegory	Story that can be understood literally and symbolically	5
5957737374	Anecdote	Brief story of an individual or incident	6
5957737375	Aphorism	A Brief saying embodying a moral	7
5957739262	Dialect	Nonstandard subgroup of a language with its own vocabulary and grammatical features	8
5959805392	Candor	Frankness	9
5959807888	Humane	Kind	10
5959811540	Exonerate	To acquit, to free from guilt or blame	11
5959818278	Seclusion	Isolation, solitude	12
6005699823	Sectarian	Relating to a religious faction or subgroup, narrow or limited	13
6005706028	Fanaticism	Excessive zeal or enthusiasm	14
6005738120	Animosity	An active enmity or hatred	15
6005741251	Criterion	A standard used in judging	16
6005747502	Succinct	Brief, terse, compact	17
6005750848	Distend	To expand, to swell out	18
6005754540	Elated	Overjoyed, in high spirits	19
6005774123	Antagonistic	Hostile, opposed	20
6005782912	Embroyonic	Undeveloped, rudimentary	21
6005788532	Immutable	Unchanging, unalterable	22
6005801107	Anaphora	Repetition of word, phrase clause at beginning of successive clauses or sentences	23
6005817926	Asyndeton	The omission of conjunction that would ordinarily join word	24
6005839750	Caesura	A strong pause within a line of poetry	25
6005847221	Free verse	Verse with no regular meter, rhyme, or length	26
6005859649	Humor	Appealing to an audience by being comical or amusing	27
6005868408	Parable	Brief story to illustrate lesson	28
6005875470	Understatement	Deliberate representation of something as less than it is	29

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AP Language List Seven Flashcards

This is a combination of the AP English Language and Composition Hit Parade, A Working Vocabulary of Fundamental Terms, and Rhetorical/Literary Terms and Definitions vocab lists.

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4362497864	egregious	conspicuously bad or offensive	0
4362497892	ambivalent	simultaneously having opposing feelings; uncertain	1
4362536697	superfluous	exceeding what is sufficient or required, excess	2
4362497916	assimilate	to absorb; to make similar	3
4362497927	dogmatic	Aggressively and arrogantly certain about personal beliefs and principles	4
4362497935	inherent	inborn; built-in	5
4362497937	inveterate	long established; deep-rooted; habitual	6
4362497948	facetious	playfully humorous	7
4362497954	aesthetic	having to do with the appreciation of beauty	8
4362497979	pejorative	describing words or phrases that belittle or speak negatively of someone	9
4368141742	egregious	The Pentagon also appears to have ruled out the possibility of holding them accountable in a court of law for one of the most _________________ war zone blunders in recent history.	10
4368148145	ambivalent	In that respect, Saudi Arabia rather resembled Pakistan, which had a similarly ____________________ attitude towards the Taliban.	11
4368172122	superfluous	Professors aren't considering the costs of the books they require students to buy, and publishers are pushing newer editions with ___________________ materials and minor changes to make a few more bucks.	12
4368179929	assimilate	Our guiding light has always been that we want people to come here to become Americans -- to _______________ and adopt the culture of our country	13
4368703277	dogmatic	Part of the problem is that __________________________ pro-choicers largely refuse to acknowledge that sex-selective abortion exists, much less that it is a problem.	14
4368703278	inherent	Let's start with the over-arching question being decided here: do nontraditional schools have ___________________ advantages over traditional ones?	15
4368706079	inveterate	You don't have to be a recreational drug user or a partier to develop an _______________________ habit of popping pills.	16
4368706080	facetious	"The organising committee was very surprised that some have taken the _____________________ wording of the debate literally," Ranzcog said.	17
4368707490	aesthetic	If the star-spangled uniform design was the Nets' __________________________ high-water mark, there have also been plenty of lowlights along the way.	18
4368707491	pejorative	The use of "ghetto" as a _____________________ hasn't been around nearly as long as its use as a socio-politico-spatial designation, but it's probably the more common and definitely the more powerful one now.	19

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AP Language Flashcards

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3844927024	Periodic sentences	A sentence that by leaving the completion of its main clause to the end, produces an effect of suspense	0
3844927025	Metonymy	Figure of speech that consists of the use of the name of one object or concepts for that of another to which its related	1
3844927026	Nomenclature	Terminology used in a particular science, art, activity	2
3844927027	Objective	Not influenced by personal feelings, interpretations, or prejudice	3
3844927028	Subjective	Placing excessive emphasis on ones own moods, attitudes, opinions etc	4
3844927029	Overstatement	To state to strongly, exaggerate	5
3844927030	Pedantic	Overly concerned with minute details	6
3844927031	Periodic structure	The main idea of peace of writing especially an argument, is left until the very end for effect or emphasis	7
3844927032	Syllogism	Conclusion is drawn	8
3844927033	Omniscient	The narrator knows the thoughts of all the characters in the story	9
3844927034	Prepositional phrase	Part of speech that indicates the relationship often spatial, of one word to another	10
3844927035	Rhetorical modes	A strategy... A way or method of presenting a subject-- through writing or speech	11
3844927036	Rhetorical question	A question asked solely to produce an affect or to make an assertion and not to elicit a reply	12
3844927037	Synecdoche	Figure of speech that uses a part to represent the whole	13
3844927038	Transition	Change from one position to another	14
3844927039	Passive voice	When the subject of the sentence is acted on by the verb	15
3844927040	Zeugma	Use of two different words in grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous meanings	16
3844927041	Ad hominem argument	Switching from the argument at hand to the character opponent	17
3844927042	Anachronism	Something or someone who is not in its correct chronological opponent	18
3844927043	Anaphora	Repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive lines	19
3844927044	Astrophe	Inversion of the usual order of words	20
3844927045	Antecedent	A word (usually a proper noun) that is replaced by a pronoun later in a sentence	21
3844927046	Antithesis	Opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a parallel construction	22
3844927047	Aphorism	A terse saying embodying a general truth	23
3844927048	Apostrophe	A digression in the form of an address to someone not present	24
3844927049	Assonance	Vowel rhyme, the same vowel sound is used within the same stressed syllables of different words	25
3844927050	Asyndeton	Omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases clauses or word	26
3844927051	Chaismus	Reversal in order of words in otherwise two parallel phrases	27
3844927052	Clause	Collection of words that has a subject that is actively doing a verb.	28
3844927053	Phrase	Collection of words that may have nouns or verbs, but it does not have a subject doing a verb	29
3844927054	Consonance	The correspondence of a constants, especially those at the end of a word, in a passage of prose	30
3844927055	Soliloquy	Discourse by a person who is talking to himself	31
3844927056	Ellipsis	The omission of one or more words from q sentence that would clarify construction; sometimes marks as "..."	32
3844927057	Conceit	An elaborate, fancil metaphor, especially of far fetched nature	33
3844927058	Fallacy	A logically unsound argument	34
3844927059	Invective	An insulting or abusive word or expression	35
3844927060	Litotes	Figure of speech in which something is presented as less important, dire, good, etc. an understatement	36
3844927061	Looses sentences	A sentence that does not end with the completion of its main clause, but continue with one or more subordinate clauses	37

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AP Language and Composition Syntax Flashcards

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5753544892	periodic sentence	a sentence that concludes with the main idea	0
5753545413	complex sentence	a sentence containing one main clause and one or more subordinate (dependent) clause	1
5753547800	involved sentence	intricate or complicated; a sentence usually composed of nine words or more	2
5753551444	interrogative sentence	a sentence that asks a question	3
5753552130	parallelism	syntax in which grammatical structure is repeated	4
5753553057	imperative sentence	designing command or strong request	5
5753555112	fragment	an incomplete thought; a dependent clause or phrase	6
5753556343	active voice	verb form in which the subject is performing the action	7
5753557276	compound-complex sentence	a sentence containing 2 or more independent clauses and one or more dependent or subordinate clause	8
5753559393	run-on sentence	combining too many ideas into one sentence, leading to a lack of clarity and appropriate punctuation	9
5753563159	passive voice	verb form in which the subject of the sentence is not doing the action	10
5753564671	chiasmus	the repetition of words in reversed order	11
5753569778	paradox/asyndeton	using related clauses or phrases without standard conjunctions; the use of main clauses or phases without standard conjunctions	12
5753571844	simple sentence	sentence consisting of one clear idea	13
5753572519	declarative sentence	making a statement or assertion	14
5753573793	exclamatory sentence	containing or expression interjections or emotions	15
5753574553	inverted order	transposed order; sentence in which the main verb appears before the subject of the sentence	16
5753576167	compound sentence	a sentence containing two or more independent clauses	17
5753577430	elipsis	omission of a word or words that are important to the syntax but not important to comprehension	18
5753579011	loose sentence	unbound or free; a sentence in which the main idea occurs in the beginning or middle	19
5753580579	hypotaxis/ polysyndeton	a series of clauses or phrases using standard conjunctions	20

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AP English Literature: "Sounds" Flashcards

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5954049417	alliteration	repeated consonant sounds at the beginning of words placed near each other, usually on the same or adjacent lines// the use of the same consonant in any pair of adjacent words	0
5954061149	assonance	repeated vowel sounds in words placed near each other, usually on the same or adjacent lines (sounds that are accented or stressed)	1
5954069578	consonance	repeated consonant sounds at the ending of words placed near each other, usually on the same or adjacent lines (sounds that are accented or stressed)	2
5954083705	cacophony	a discordant series of harsh, unpleasing sounds helps to convey disorder// often furthered by combined effect of the meaning and the difficulty of pronunciation	3
5954093492	euphony	a series of musically pleasant sounds, conveying a sense of harmony and beauty to the language	4
5954098560	onomatopoeia	words that sound like their meanings (boom, crackle, hiss)	5
5954103415	repetition	the purposeful reuse of words and phrases for an effect// used in psalms	6
5954108877	rhyme	words that have different beginning sounds but whose endings sound alike, including the final vowel sound and everything following it	7
5954115252	rhythm	level of organization of speech rhythms into a regular pattern of accented syllables separated by unaccented syllables	8

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AP Language Flashcards

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2518653781	Hyperbole	Purposeful exaggeration of the truth for effect	0
2518653782	Analogy	Extended metaphor or long simile in which an explicit comparison is made	1
2518653783	Rhetorical question	A question, not for the purpose of further discussion, but to assert an answer implicitly	2
2518653784	Antithesis	Figure of balance in which two contrasting ideas are juxtaposed through parallel structure	3
2518653785	Anaphora	Repeating words or set of words at beginning of successive sentences, clauses or phrases	4
2518653786	Epistrophe	Repeating words or set of words at end of successive sentences, clauses or phrases	5
2518653787	Anadiplosis	Repetition of the last word of a phrase or clause at the beginning of the next phrase or clause	6
2518653788	Antecedent	The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun	7
2518653789	Euphemism	The inclusion of a less offensive expression in place of a more offensive one	8
2518653790	Periodic sentence	A sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. The independent clause is preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone	9
2518653791	Colloquialism	Is the use of informal words, phrases or even slang in a piece of writing	10
2518653792	Aphorism	A pithy observation that contains a general truth. Similar to a proverb	11

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AP Literature Flashcards

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2186332586	Ambiente	Entorno de Vida	0
5901201664	Narrador Omnisciente	cuyo conocimiento de los hechos es total y absoluto.	1
5901210445	Simil	compara dos sujetos	2
5901217251	Apologia	Justifica y defiende algo	3
5901217252	Alegoria	Representaciones simbolicas	4
5901221375	Metonimia	Designa una cosa o idea con el nombre de otra con la cual existe una relación	5
5901190156	Apostrofe	consiste en dirigirse a algo o alguien que sabemos no va a contestar. Verso 9 Se ha perdido el pueblo mexica.	6
5901235990	Enumeracion	acumular sustantivos para describir algo	7
5901239364	Cesura	es la pausa que se establece en el interior de un verso	8
5901241762	Hemistiquio	Es la mitad exacta de un verso por pausa	9
5901241763	Metafora	establece una relación de semejanza entre 2 términos. Verso 2 se ha perdido el pueblo mexica.	10
5901244442	La prosopopeya	Da Vida a los seres inanimados	11
5901244443	Yuxtaposición	forma de juntar dos oraciones simples mediante signos de puntuacion	12
5901250021	Paralelismo	repites una misma idea o dos conceptos opuestos en dos o mas versos	13
5901252020	Encabalgamiento	una frase en el poema no acaba en un verso	14
5901254079	Elipsis	suprimir las palabras que deberían de usarse en la oración, pero que le restan simplicidad	15
5901255641	Polisendenton	utilización de conjunciones innecesarias dentro de la oración	16
5901260293	anafora	repetición de las primeras palabras de un verso	17
5901262133	Romance	poemas narrativos	18
5901262134	Verso llano	: Cuando la última sílaba tónica es la penúltima del verso	19
5901265952	Sinecdoque	utiliza una parte de algo para referirse a un todo	20
5901267577	Perifrasis	agregación de palabras para expresar una idea	21
5901269845	in medias res	modo de comenzar una obra en medio del argumento,	22
5901269846	aliteracion	frase que contenga letras con igual sonido	23
5901271883	repeticion	la repetición de palabras en un mismo verso o frase. Final de cade estrofa. Romance del rey moro.	24
5901271884	Antitesis	dos frases de significados opuestos pero cercanos en proximidad para crear contrate	25
5901277573	asindenton	La Asíndeton consiste en crear un mensaje escueto, conciso y potente para crear un impacto inmediato en el lect	26
5901279023	verso esdrujulo	palabras que se acentuan 6-1	27
5901284091	teatro del absurdo	el rechazo del teatro realista existente	28
5901284092	dramaturgo	acción y efecto de crear, componer, escenificar y representar un drama	29
5901285966	satira	opinión del autor por medio de una burla que puede servirse de la ironía	30
5901287501	metafiction	un trabajo de ficción, y juega con la relación entre ésta y la realidad.	31
5901290349	onomatopeya	repetición de palabras cuyos sonidos están muy cercanos al sonido que estos representan.	32
5901292111	ironia	entender, en una frase seria con tono burlesco	33
5901295782	hiperbaton	poner palabras y/o frases de manera que se cree una frase estructurada diferente pero con el mismo significado	34
5901305684	Redondilla	estrofa de cuatro versos octosílabos, con rima asonante o consonante	35
5901306194	Rima Consonante	Versos distintos se repiten, desde la vocal acentuada las mismas letras y vocales de la ultima palabra de cada verso	36
5901314537	Monologo	persona reflexiona en voz alta haciendo ver sus pensamientos y emociones al público	37
5901317449	Verso agudo	Al contar las sílabas del verso agudo se añade una sílaba al número de sílabas gramaticales debido a que la última palabra del verso tiene el acento en la última sílaba	38
5901323607	Leitmotiv	Es el tema central,	39
5901330154	Estribillo	es un recurso poético consistente en un pequeño grupo de versos que se repiten. Versos 5. Romance del rey moro	40

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