Humanities

Hindsight Bias The tendency to believe, after learning of an outcome, that one could have foreseen it The ?I-knew-what-would-happen-all-along? phenomenon Common sense is not always so obvious and correct, it describes what has happened easier than what will happen. Overconfidence Those who are confident in their assumptions are not always correct; Hindsight bias and overconfidence often lead us to overestimate our intuition. Scientific Attitude Skeptical, not cynical. Open, not gullible Curious skepticism Humility- be willing to prove yourself wrong Critical Thinking Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments/conclusions, but examines, evaluates, assesses, and asks questions Scientific Method Theory

Psychology The scientific study of behavior and mental processes A science- the process of: answering questions rigorous analysis careful observation The Very Beginnings Buddha- how do sensations/perceptions form ideas in our minds? Confucius- emphasized the power of the educated mind Hebrew Scriptures- how do feelings come from the mind/body? Socrates, Descartes, & Plato- mind and body are separate (Nature) Aristotle- Mind and body together (Nurture) Empiricism The view that knowledge originates from experiences, therefore science should rely on observation and experimentation. Idea of John Locke ?Tabula Rosa? (blank slate)- people are born with their mind a blank slate Based off of ideas of Francis Bacon Birth of Psychology (1879) Germany: Wilhelm Wundt- professor