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Mechanics

IB Physics SL test 2014 1-2

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2214-6516 16 pages M14/4/PHYSI/SPM/ENG/TZ2/XX Wednesday 7 May 2014 (morning) Physics standard level PaPer 1 INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES ? Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so. ? Answer all the questions. ? For each question, choose the answer you consider to be the best and indicate your choice on the answer sheet provided. ? A clean copy of the Physics Data Booklet is required for this paper. ? The maximum mark for this examination paper is [30 marks]. 45 minutes ? International Baccalaureate Organization 2014 22146516 2214-6516 ? 2 ? M14/4/PHYSI/SPM/ENG/TZ2/XX 1. Which of the following is a unit of energy? A. kg m?1 s?1 B. kg m2 s?2 C. kg m s?2 D. kg m2 s?1

Newton's Laws

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Newton?s Laws Sir Isaac Newton Newton?s First Law Gravity Force This picture demonstrates Newton?s first law as it shows an object at rest. The reason it is at rest however, is because there are balanced forces at work. The gravity is pulling the rocket down, but that force is counter-acted by the equal force created by the base, and therefore the ground on which the rocket sits. Obviously, there are other forces at work stopping the rocket from tipping over when pushed by things such as wind, such as the red tower.

Chapter 9 sol

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Chapter 9 Page 9.1 9 Solids and Fluids PROBLEM SOLUTIONS 9.1 The elastic limit is the maximum stress, F A where F is the tension in the wire, that the wire can withstand and still return to its original length when released. Thus, if the wire is to experience a tension equal to the weight of the performer without exceeding the elastic limit, the minimum cross-sectional area is 2minmin 4 D F mgA elastic limit elastic limit ?? ? ? and the minimum acceptable diameter is ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2 3min 8 4 70 kg 9.8 m s4 1.3 10 m 1.3 mm5.0 10 Pa mgD elastic limit? ? ?? ? ? ? ?? 9.2 (a) In order to punch a hole in the steel plate, the superhero must punch out a plug with cross- sectional area, csA , equal to that of his fist and

Work and Power

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Work and Power Scientific Work Energy can be transferred into or out of a system by work Work: a measure of energy transferred into or out of a system by a force (F) acting over a distance(d) Work needs 3 key ingredients: force, displacement, and cause Work is only done when force acts upon an object to cause a displacement of the object Work is only done when components of a force are parallel to the object?s displacement Examples: a teacher applying a force to a wall becomes exhausted NOT WORK no displacement A book falls off a table and free falls to the ground NOT WORK no force to cause displacement a rocket accelerates through space WORK A force causes a displacement

Physics

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Newton's 3 laws

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I. Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it. II. The relationship between an object's mass m, its acceleration a, and the applied force F is F = ma. Acceleration and force are vectors III. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
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Projectile Motion

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What follows is a general solution for the two dimensional motion of an object thrown in a gravitational field. This is usually termed a projectile motion problem. The thrown object is called the projectile. Its path is called the trajectory. We will answer all the usual questions that arise in a first year physics class regarding this motion. We will not consider air resistance. Without air resistance, the projectile will follow a parabolic trajectory. We will be throwing the projectile on level ground on planet Earth. It will leave the point of release, arc through the air along a path shaped like a parabola, and then hit ground a certain distance from where it was thrown.

Newton Second Law

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Newtons Second Law
Newton was the first to mathematically express the relationship between force and momentum. Some physicists interpret Newton's second law of motion as a definition of force and mass, while others consider it to be a fundamental postulate, a law of nature. Either interpretation has the same mathematical consequences, historically known as "Newton's Second Law": The quantity mv is called the (canonical) momentum. The net force on a particle is thus equal to rate change of momentum of the particle with time. Since the definition of acceleration is a = dv/dt, the second law can be written in the simplified and more familiar form:

Uniform accelerated motion vocab

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uniform accelerated motion; velocity; speed; slope; acceleration; displacement; distance

Speed: The time rate of motion Slope = change in distance/change in time (rise/run) Scalar: the distance moved per unit of time Average speed (scalar): the ratio of the total distance traveled to the total time Total distance/elapsed time (m/s) Instantaneous speed (scalar): the speed of an object at a particular moment in time The slope of the line that is tangent to the curve at a given point Velocity (vector): speed in a particular direction Average velocity (vector): the total displacement divided by the total elapsed time Displacement /Elapsed time = (?x)/ (?t) Instantaneous velocity: The speed and direction an object moves at a particular moment in time

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