Organelles

Endomembrane system 4/7/16 Proteins synthesized in the ER enter the endomembrane system Comprises a transport system whereby material flows between the ER, Golgi, endosomes, lysosomes, and the plasma membrane REMEMBER: Rough ER is involved in biosynthesis and processing of proteins Smooth ER is involved in drug detoxification, carbohydrate metabolism, steroid biosynthesis Network of small tubes Both water-soluble and transmembrane proteins are co-translated: Soluble ? completely translocated across the ER membrane into the lumen Default pathway = SECRETION Transmembrane ? partly translocated and will reside in the membrane Default pathway = PLASMA MEMBRANE Most proteins that enter the endomembrane system get glycosylated cytosolic proteins are generally not glycosylated

Bio 230: Cell Bio Intro to Cells: pg 1-26 Properties that define living organisms: Ability to reproduce on their own Viruses? Not living organisms but incapable of reproducing on their own Can grow and develop Require energy - metabolism Response to the environment Maintain homeostasis Contains genetic information (DNA or RNA) Composed of cells Cells are the fundamental unit of life. Invention of the light microscope led to the discovery of cells Robert Hooke Shortened telescope Many flaws, difficult to see Oil lamp with flask of water to illuminate specimen Examined cork - coined term cell Remains of cell walls after death Theodore Schwann All different species of animals were composed of cells Mathias Schleiden All different species of plants were composed of cells