Plate tectonics
Subject:
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Plate tectonics
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Holt Earth Science Chapter 9, Section 9.5
Subject:
What Drives Plate Motions? Convection (hot rocks rise and cold rocks sink) is the ultimate driver of plate tectonics A. Forces that Drive Plate Motion The mantle consists of almost entirely solid rock, but is hot and weak enough to act like a viscous, fluid-like convective flow. The simplest type of convection is like heating a pot of water. The base, which has been heated up, becomes less dense and rises in thin sheets/blobs that spread out to the surface. As the surface cools, it densifies and the cooler water sinks back to the bottom, where it reheats, etc. This is like mantle convection. Slab pull happens when cold, dense oceanic lithosphere sinks through the less dense underlying warm asthenosphere (sink down like a rock pulled into mantle by gravity).
Holt Earth Science Chapter 9, Section 9.4
Subject:
Transform Plate Boundaries In a transform plate boundary (transform fault), plates slide horizontally past one another without producing or destroying lithosphere. They commonly connect 2 spreading centers (divergent), or less commonly 2 trenches (convergent). Mostly found on ocean floor (offset segments of oceanic ridge system, producing a steplike plate margin). Zigzag shape of Mid-Atlantic Ridge reflects shape of original shape of rifting Transform faults are part of linear breaks in seafloor (fracture zones) that include active and inactive (extensions) of the transform faults.
Holt Earth Science Chapter 9, Section 9.3
Subject:
A. Oceanic-Continental Convergence When a plate capped with continental crust converges with a slab of oceanic lithosphere, the buoyant continental block remains ?floating?; denser oceanic crust sinks into the mantle. When oceanic slab goes down about 100km, melting is triggered in the asthenosphere above it. This is because the ?wet? oceanic rock in a high-pressure place melts at a much lower temperature than ?dry? rock of the same material does. Sediments and oceanic crusts have lots of H2O, which is carried down much depth by a subducting plate. As the plate moves down, heat + pressure drive water from voids in the rock. At a depth of 100km, the wedge of rock is hot enough so that H2O from slab, when exposed, causes some melting.
Apes Ch 14 Test
Subject:
Chapter 14 GEOLOGY AND NONRENEWABLE MINERALS Multiple Choice Questions Core Case Study A common form of extracting gold from rock used in Australia and North America is power flushing cyanide heap leaching sulfuric acid leaching hydraulic scouring yellow-cake extraction Level: Moderate Answer: B 14-1 What Are the Earth?s Major Geological Processes and Hazards? The middle, partially melted zone of the interior of the earth is called the crust tectonic plate core mantle magma Level: Easy Answer: D Which part of the earth?s crust makes up 71% of the crust? oceanic crust asthenosphere lithosphere continental crust geosphere Level: Moderate Answer: A Large sections of the earth?s crust, called __________, move slowly on the mantle below them.
Plate Tectonics
Subject:
Plate Tectonics .? Theory of how the continents moved apart ( Continental Drift) driven bySeafloor Spreading? .? Tectonics - important motions of Earth?s Crust .? Plates- Make up the crust Tectonic Plates . Crust made up of 12 or so plates study of movement/ formation of these plates Continental Drift .? Theory that all continents are moving across Earth?s surface Evidence: Fossils Glacial Striations/Grooves Rock deposits Jigsaw puzzle of Modern Continents Creation Of Continental Drift .? Alfred Wegener - 1912 .? Continents were together at one point ---> ? Pangea? -- ?All Earth? .? Over millions of years ---> continents split apart .? Wegener discredited because he was a? meteorologist and he could not explain a force for moving plates
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