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Small intestine

Digestive System

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TheHumanDigestiveSystem Oral Cavity Chewing Saliva moistens food Saliva contains enzymes Esophagus Moves food to the stomach by peristalsis Stomach Sphincters control movement of food into and out of the stomach Stomach glands release gastric juices water, enzymes, mucus, acid Most food moves on to the small intestine within 4 hours Small Intestine Liver and pancreas secrete enzymes into the small intestine Digestion is completed Nutrients are absorbed through the intestinal walls Colon(Large Intestine) Bacteria produce some vitamins Vitamins absorbed into bloodstream Water is reabsorbed Feces move on to the rectum Carbohydrate Digestion Mouth Salivary amylase breaks starch into sugar Stomach pH is too low for amylase to work Small Intestine

Animal Nutrition

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Chapter Forty-One: Animal Nutrition Preface Nutrition: Food being taken in , taken apart, and taken up (Example: Bear chews skin muscles and other part of fish, breaking it down with acid and enzymes in digestive system and finally absorbing it into small molecules in its body) Animals eat other organisms (dead or alive) for energy and also the organic molecules used to assemble new molecules, cells and tissues. There are different types of animal diets; Herbivores: Animals that dine on mainly plants and algae (cattle, sea slugs, termites) Carnivores: Animals that dine on other animals (sharks, hawks,spiders) Omnivores: Animals which consume both plants and animals regularly (humans, crows, and cockroaches)

Digestive System

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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM - Transfers nutrients, salts, H2O and vitamins in food from external to internal environment Anatomy: Digestive tract (gastrointestinal (GI) tract) Mouth -> Pharynx -> Esophagus -> Stomach -> Small intestine -> Large intestine -> Anus DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Digestive System: Mouth: - teeth = mastication (incisors, canines, molars) -3 pairs salivary glands secrete saliva: 1) moistens and lubricates food 2) amylase DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Digestive System Organs Pharynx and Esophagus - transport food and water to stomach - swallowing reflex: epiglottis As food approaches stomach, sphincter relaxes so food can go into stomach Sphincter closes -> Prevents acid reflux DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Digestive System

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