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T helper cell

Summary of Chapter 43

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Biology
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Biology
anatomy
immune system
Antigen presentation
B cell
Adaptive immune system
Antigen
Phagocyte
T cell
Lymphocyte
T helper cell
Humoral immunity
health

Chapter 43 The Immune System Overview: Reconnaissance, Recognition and Response Pathogens: infectious agents that cause disease Constantly attacking animals Infect a wide variety of animals (including humans) Types of pathogens: Viruses Bacteria Protists Fungi Immune system: The animal?s way of fighting off the Pathogens Made up of many different things (Macrophages, proteins, etc.) Layers of Defense: Outer layer: (barrier) Such as skin or shell Significant obstacle to invasion by microbes(pathogens) Not fully sealed (b/c need to breathe, etc) Additional barrier defenses: such as chemical secretions that trap/kill microbes ? guard the body?s entrances and exits.

AP Bio Reading Guide Answers CH 43

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Biology
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anatomy
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Antigen presentation
Antigen
Polyclonal B cell response
B cell
Lymphocyte
Adaptive immune system
T cell
Cell-mediated immunity
T helper cell
health

Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. - 1 - Name _______________________ Period ___________ Chapter 43: The Immune System Our students consider this chapter to be a particularly challenging and important one. Expect to work your way slowly through the first three concepts. Take particular care with Concepts 43.2 and 43.3. It is rewarding, however, in Concept 43.4 to put your new knowledge to work and truly understand the devastation caused by the destruction of helper T cells by HIV. Overview The immune responses of animals can be divided into innate immunity and adaptive immunity. As an overview, complete this figure indicating the divisions of both innate and adaptive immunity. See page 930 of your text for the labeled figure.

AP Biology Chapter 43: The Immune System

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B cell
Antigen
T helper cell
Adaptive immune system
Lymphocyte
Humoral immunity
Major histocompatibility complex
T cell
Transplant rejection
health

Chapter 43 The Immune System Overview: Reconnaissance, Recognition, and Response Barriers help an animal to defend itself from the many dangerous pathogens it may encounter. The immune system recognizes foreign bodies = ?not self? and responds with the production of immune cells and proteins. Two major kinds of defense have evolved: innate immunity and acquired immunity. How do immune cells of animals recognize foreign cells? 1.5 ?m Innate immunity is present before any exposure to pathogens and is effective from the time of birth. It involves nonspecific responses to pathogens. Innate immunity consists of external barriers plus internal cellular and chemical defenses.

Specific & non specific immunity

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Macrophage
Lymphocyte
Phagocyte
B cell
Meiosis
Innate immune system
Cell-mediated immunity
Humoral immunity
T helper cell
health
body defence

Gurjit Singh Mitosis and meiosis Karen McLeary Produce an annotated word document or draw an annotated poster showing and explain the stages of mitosis and meiosis, explain how the behaviour of chromosomes leads to variation in cells. In mitosis the new cells being produce will be identically same to their parent cell. The DNA is exactly the same as the parent cell. There are five phases that it occurs in ? prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. In prophase, the chromosomes become condensed, and discrete. The nucleoli disappear with each chromosome appears as two identical sister chromatids joined at the centromere.
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