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RNA polymerase

Gene Regulation

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Biology
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Biology
Gene expression
biochemistry
Promoter
Transcriptional regulation
Transcription
Enhancer
TATA box
RNA polymerase
Gene
TATA-binding protein
Regulation of gene expression
health

Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes The latest estimates are that a human cell, a eukaryotic cell, contains some 21,000 genes. Some of these are expressed in all cells all the time. These so-called housekeeping genes are responsible for the routine metabolic functions (e.g. respiration) common to all cells. Some are expressed as a cell enters a particular pathway of differentiation. Some are expressed all the time in only those cells that have differentiated in a particular way. For example, a plasma cell expresses continuously the genes for the antibody it synthesizes. Some are expressed only as conditions around and in the cell change. For example, the arrival of a hormone may turn on (or off) certain genes in that cell.

Campbell Biology 9th Edition Chapters 14-18 Study Guide

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Biology
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Genetics
Gene expression
RNA
Protein biosynthesis
Molecular biology
Gene
RNA polymerase
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DNA
Dominance
Translation
health

Chapters 14 and 15 Gregor Mendel Studied traits that occur in distinct forms Developed true-breeding varieties When bred amongst themselves, by self-fertilization, these plants produced offspring identical to the parent for that trait No variation in that one trait Used mathematical analysis in his studies Findings related mainly to plants, not humans Definitions Gametes: reproductive cells produced by sexually-reproducing organisms Two types: Male gametes=sperm In plants: contained in pollen Female gametes=eggs In plants, contained in ovules, which mature to seeds when fertilized Ovules contained in carpels Fertilization Fertilization: fusion of egg and sperm Self-fertilized: fusion of sperm and egg from same plant

Campbell AP Bio Chapter 17

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Biology
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Biology
Genetics
biochemistry
Gene expression
RNA
Protein biosynthesis
Molecular biology
Molecular genetics
Translation
Messenger RNA
RNA polymerase
Genetic code
health

LECTURE PRESENTATIONS For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Lectures by Erin Barley Kathleen Fitzpatrick From Gene to Protein Chapter 17 Overview: The Flow of Genetic Information ? The information content of DNA is in the form of specific sequences of nucleotides ? The DNA inherited by an organism leads to specific traits by dictating the synthesis of proteins ? Proteins are the links between genotype and phenotype ? Gene expression, the process by which DNA directs protein synthesis, includes two stages: transcription and translation ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Concept 17.1: Genes specify proteins via
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