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Messenger RNA

Chapter 17 powerpoint

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Biology
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Gene expression
Protein biosynthesis
Molecular biology
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Transfer RNA
Messenger RNA
Transcription
Ribosome
Non-coding RNA
Gene product

Chapter 17 From Gene to Protein Overview: The Flow of Genetic Information The information content of DNA is in the form of specific sequences of nucleotides The DNA inherited by an organism leads to specific traits by dictating the synthesis of proteins Proteins are the links between genotype and phenotype Gene expression, the process by which DNA directs protein synthesis, includes two stages: transcription and translation Copyright ? 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings Fig. 17-1 Concept 17.1: Genes specify proteins via transcription and translation How was the fundamental relationship between genes and proteins discovered? Copyright ? 2008 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Pearson Ch. 17 - From Gene to Protein

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Protein biosynthesis
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Translation
Messenger RNA
Transfer RNA
Transcription
Ribosome
Genetic code
Primary transcript

Ch 17 - From Gene to Protein Overview: The Flow of Genetic Information The information content of DNA is in the form of specific sequences of nucleotides The DNA inherited by an organism leads to specific traits by dictating the synthesis of proteins Proteins are the links between genotype and phenotype Gene expression, the process by which DNA directs protein synthesis, includes two stages: transcription and translation Concept 17.1: Genes specify proteins via transcription and translation Genes specify proteins via transcription and translation How was the fundamental relationship between genes and proteins discovered? Evidence from the Study of Metabolic Defects

ap_bio_chap_14_transcription_translation.ppt

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Biology
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Gene expression
Protein biosynthesis
Molecular biology
RNA
Molecular genetics
Translation
Transfer RNA
Prokaryotic translation
Ribosome
Messenger RNA
Transcription
Genetic code

0 14 Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein Overview: The Flow of Genetic Information The information content of genes is in the form of specific sequences of nucleotides in DNA The DNA inherited by an organism leads to specific traits by dictating the synthesis of proteins Proteins are the links between genotype and phenotype Gene expression, the process by which DNA directs protein synthesis, includes two stages: transcription and translation Concept 14.1: Genes specify proteins via transcription and translation How was the fundamental relationship between genes and proteins discovered? Evidence from the Study of Metabolic Defects In 1902, British physician Archibald Garrod first suggested that genes dictate phenotypes through enzymes that catalyze specific chemical reactions

Intro to Microbiology, Part 1/3 Study Guide

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DNA Replication
Genetics
RNA
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DNA
Primer
Messenger RNA
Primase
Protein biosynthesis
Gene

Chelsea Claverie MCB 1310 February 10, 2015 Exam 1 Review: DNA polymerase ? involved in the replication of DNA, requires a ?primer? to initiate a new strand of DNA, faster at synthesis RNA Polymerase ? involved in transcription of DNA to mRNA, does not require a primer to start a new strand of RNA and will stop transcription with it encounters a stop codon

From Gene to Protein

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Biology
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RNA
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Protein biosynthesis
Molecular biology
Messenger RNA
Translation
Ribosome
Genetic code
Gene
Transcription
health

Chapter 17: From Gene to Protein Concepts 17.5 ? 6 are not required knowledge from the AP Exam and are intentionally omitted. Overview: The Flow of Genetic Information the information content of DNA is in the form of specific sequences of nucleotides along the DNA strands the DNA inherited by an organism leads to specific traits by dictating the synthesis of proteins the process by which DNA directs protein synthesis, gene expression, includes two stages: transcription and translation the ribosome is part of the cellular machinery for translation, polypeptide synthesis Concept 17.1: Genes specify proteins via transcription and translation Evidence from the Metabolic Defects

AP Bio Campbell 7E Chapter 17 Test Bank

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biochemistry
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health
behavior
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Ch 17 Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. Garrod hypothesized that "inborn errors of metabolism" such as alkaptonuria occur because a. genes dictate the production of specific enzymes, and affected individuals have genetic defects that cause them to lack certain enzymes. b. enzymes are made of DNA, and affected individuals lack DNA polymerase. c. many metabolic enzymes use DNA as a cofactor, and affected individuals have mutations that prevent their enzymes from interacting efficiently with DNA. d. certain metabolic reactions are carried out by ribozymes, and affected individuals lack key splicing factors. e.

Gene Regulation powerpoint

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RNA
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Molecular genetics
Epigenetics
RNA interference
Euchromatin
Regulation of gene expression
Polyadenylation
Chromatin
Messenger RNA
health
behavior
Human development
Interpersonal relationships
Love
Psychoanalysis
Human behavior
Attachment theory
Ethology
Personal life
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Chapter 18: Regulation of Gene Expression Correlations to AP Bio Course Curriculum See Unit 3 Essential Knowledge document for all EK statements for Chapter 18. Correlations to AP Bio Course Curriculum Learning Objective 3.18: The student is able to describe the connection between the regulation of gene expression and observed differences between different kinds of organisms. Learning Objective 3.19: The student is able to describe the connection between the regulation of gene expression and observed differences between individuals in a population. Correlations to AP Bio Course Curriculum Learning Objective 3.20: The student is able to explain how the regulation of gene expression is essential for the processes and structures that support efficient cell function.

Bio_160_Lecture4

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Chromatin
Gene
health

Gene Expression Chapter 11 ? Differentiation yields a variety of cell types, each expressing a different combination of genes ? Different types of cells make different proteins because different combinations of genes are active in each type Muscle cell Pancreas cells Blood cells Fiure 11.2 Differentiated cells may retain all of their genetic potential Most differentiated cells retain a complete set of genes Root of carrot plant Root cells cultured in nutrient medium Cell division in culture Plantlet Adult Plant Single cell Figure 11.3 DNA packing in eukaryotic chromosomes helps regulate gene expression ? A chromosome contains DNA wound around clusters of histone proteins ? This beaded fiber is further wound and folded

AP Biology Chapter 17 Notes Campbell/Reece

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Spliceosome
Translation
Transfer RNA
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Messenger RNA
Ribosome
Precursor mRNA

AP Biology Chapter 17 (17.3 and 17.4) 17.3 Eukaryotic cells modify RNA after transcription RNA Processing: in the nucleus ? before it is sent out to the cytoplasm. both ends of the primary transcript are altered certain interior sections are cut out A. Alternation of mRNA Ends (Figure 17.9) Both ends of the mRNA are modified in a particular way 5prime end ? 5prime cap made of modified form of a Guanine nucleotide 3prime end ? poly A tail - 50 to 250 Adenine (A) nucleotides are added. Remember, the mRNA is released soon after the signal AAUAAA is transcribed. So even more A is added on after that. Functions of 5prime cap and poly A tail: facilitate export of the mature mRNA from the nucleus protect the mRNA from degradation by hydrolytic enzymes.

ps 2.4

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Messenger RNA
Start codon
Gene
Nucleic acid sequence

Solutions to Practice Problems for Molecular Biology, Session 3: Transcription, Translation ? ? Question 1 ? ? Fill in the table: ? Transcription Translation Where does this process occur in a nucleus cytoplasm eukaryotic cell? What is the enzyme that carries out RNA polymerase Ribosome this process? What is the template that is read DNA RNA during this process? In what direction is the template 3? ? 5? 5? ? 3? read? What is the start signal/sequence for promoter Start codon this process? What is the polymer that is formed? RNA polypeptide What monomer is used to form this ribonucleotides Amino acids polymer? What type of bond is formed phosphodiester peptide between monomers? In what direction is the new polymer 5? ? 3? N ? C

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