host
Plant or animal on which a parasite feeds.
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Chapter 8 - Community Ecology: Structure, Species Interactions, Succession, and Sustainability
homeostasis
Maintenance of favorable internal conditions in a system despite fluctuations in external conditions. See constancy, inertia, resilience.
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fundamental niche
The full potential range of the physical, chemical, and biological factors a species can use if there is no competition from other species. See ecological niche. Compare realized niche.
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exploitation competition
Situation in which two competing species have equal access to a specific resource but differ in how quickly or efficiently they exploit it. See interference competition, interspecific competition.
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exotic species
See nonnative species.
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epiphyte
Plant that uses its roots to attach itself to branches high in trees, especially in tropical forests.
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edge effect
Existence of a greater number of species and a higher population density in a transition zone (ecotone) between two ecosystems than in either adjacent ecosystem. See ecotone.
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ecotone
Transitional zone in which one type of ecosystem tends to merge with another ecosystem. See edge effect.
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ecological succession
Process in which communities of plant and animal species in a particular area are replaced over time by a series of different and often more complex communities. See primary succession, secondary succession.
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early successional plant species
Plant species found in the early stages of succession that (1) grow close to the ground, (2) can establish large populations quickly under harsh conditions, and (3) have short lives. Compare late successional plant species, midsuccessional plant species.
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