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A discrete event that disrupts an ecosystem or community. Examples of natural disturbances include fires, hurricanes, tornadoes, droughts, and floods. Examples of human-caused disturbances include deforestation, overgrazing, and plowing.
Ability of a living system, such as a population, to maintain a certain size. See homeostasis. Compare inertia, resilience.
No two species can occupy exactly the same fundamental niche indefinitely in a habitat where there is not enough of a particular resource to meet the needs of both species. See ecological niche, fundamental niche, realized niche.
Two or more individual organisms of a single species (intraspecific competition) or two or more individuals of different species (interspecific competition) attempting to use the same scarce resources in the same ecosystem.
See ecological succession.
Interaction between organisms of different species in which one type of organism benefits and the other type is neither helped nor harmed to any great degree. Compare mutualism.
See mature community.
See nonnative species.
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