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World History 10.2 Notes Muhammad?s Successors Spread Islam Muhammad had not named a successor or instructed his followers how to choose one. The Muslim community elected Abu-Bakr as the first caliph Rightly Guided Caliphs Abu-Bakr, Umar Uthman, and Ali were known as the rightly guided caliphs. Their rule was called a caliphate After M?s death tribes on Arabian Peninsula abandoned Islam, and others refused to pay taxes. A few individuals declared themselves prophets. Used military to keep people in order- this developed effective mobile army When AB died the Muslim state controlled all of Arabia Under Umar- conquered Syria and lower Egypt, and parts of Persian Empire Next 2 conquered further westward and eastward and gained the military support of the conquered lands
