AP WORLD HISTORY - STUDY SET Flashcards
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AP WORLD HISTORY - STUDY SET Flashcards
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World War 1 - Review Flashcards
Vocabulary Review for the Unit on World War 1
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| 699173389 | Lusitania | British passenger ship sunk by a German U-Boat - 1200 people died including 128 Americans | |
| 699173390 | Zimmerman Note | German telegram sent to Mexico proposing an alliance- stated that Germany would help Mexico reconquer the lose territory of New Mexico | |
| 699173391 | Selective Service Act | Required men 21-30 to register to be drafted into the armed services | |
| 699173392 | Fourteen Points | Wilsons ideals after war, freedom of ships on the seas, smaller armies, end of secret agreements between nations | |
| 699173393 | Liberty Bonds | Money from the sale of these provided loans to the Allies to buy food and war supplies | |
| 699173394 | Armistice | Truce that ended the war- 11th hour, 11th day, 11th month of 1918(Veterans Day) | |
| 699173395 | Wilhelm II | German leader who thought Germany could get though Belgium to get to France before Russia could mobilize their troops and the war would be over in 6 months | |
| 699173396 | Allies | Britain, France, and Russia- Later joined by Italy | |
| 699173397 | Mobilize | To prepare military for war | |
| 699173398 | Schlieffen Plan | Germanys plan for a fast attack on France then an attack on Russia(Belgium slowed them down) | |
| 699173399 | Triple Entente | France, Britain, Russia's alliance | |
| 699173400 | No-man's land | Area between opposing trenches | |
| 699173401 | U-boats | submarines, were the worlds largest and most advanced, causing heavy losses to Allied shipping | |
| 699173402 | Stalemate | neither side can win a clear victory | |
| 699173403 | 3 new weapons used to fight in the trenches | Airplanes, poison gas, machine guns, and tanks | |
| 699173404 | Propaganda | posters created to encourage Americans to support the war | |
| 699173405 | Underlying causes of WWI | militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism | |
| 699173406 | Treaty of Versailles | Final peace settlement of World War I (harsh on Germany) | |
| 699173407 | Dough Boys | American foot soldiers | |
| 699173408 | Victory Garden | a kitchen garden planted during wartime to relieve food shortages | |
| 699173409 | Franz Ferdinand | heir to throne in Austria who was assassinated by a Serb nation alisted(started war) | |
| 699173410 | Central Powers | Austria-Hungray, Germany, joined later by Bulgaria and Ottoman Empire | |
| 699173411 | Nicholas II | Russian czar who hesitated to mobilize troops after Austria-Hungray declared war on Serbia | |
| 699173412 | Treaty of Brest- Livtovsk | Peace treaty to keep Russia out of the war | |
| 699173413 | Triple Alliance | Germany, Austria-Hungray alliance later joined by Italy | |
| 699173414 | League of Nations | Organization of nations formed to settle international disputes and maintain peace (failed - US did not join, no military force) | |
| 699173415 | Trench Warfare | French + German armies built protective ditches- they dug simple holes or complex networks with rooms for sleeping and eating | |
| 699173417 | Militarism | the building up of military forces or strong influence of military values on a society | |
| 699173419 | Balance of power | a situation in which the strength of rival alliances is nearly equal | |
| 699173421 | Sedition Act of 1918 | made it illegal for Americans to speak disloyally about the U.S. goverment | |
| 699173423 | Communists | people who seek the equal distribution of wealth and an end to all forms of private property | |
| 699173425 | an armistance | a truce | |
| 699173427 | self-determination | the right of people to decide their own political status | |
| 699173430 | Reparations | payments for damages and expenses caused by the war | |
| 699173433 | Woodrow Wilson | President of the United States during World War I |
AP WORLD HISTORY - STUDY SET Flashcards
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AP WORLD HISTORY - STUDY SET Flashcards
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AP WORLD HISTORY - STUDY SET Flashcards
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Chapter 34: Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Shadow of War Flashcards
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| 703567872 | London Conference | a group that had the goal of coming up with an international fix to the Great Depression, eventually not supported by the U.S. then dies out soon after. | |
| 703567873 | Tydings-McDuffie Act | act that claimed that the phillipines would be free from U.S. control after 12 years | |
| 703567874 | Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act | set up low tariff policies in order to better relations with foreign trade nations | |
| 703567875 | Rome-Berlin Axis | Germany and Italy's alliance during world war two | |
| 703567876 | triparpite pact | the alliance between germany, italy, and japan | |
| 703567877 | Johnson debt default act | states that foreign nations already in debt to the United States can not borrow more money | |
| 703567878 | Nye Committee | studied and revealed the truth that munitions producers were only helping to start wars for their own profit | |
| 703567879 | Neutrality Acts | triggered once foreign war is declared, these acts stated that Americans could not sail on a belligerent (nation-at-war) ship, sell/haul munitions, or make loans to belligerents | |
| 703567880 | belligerent | nation at war | |
| 703567881 | Spanish civil war | Conflict between the facist government under Fransisco Franco and the republican democratic government. Franco Recieved aid from Germany and Italy and eventually won the war. | |
| 703567882 | Fransisco Franco | facist leader of Spain during world war 2 | |
| 703567883 | Quarantine Speech | morally siding against aggresors such as Japan and italy. A step away from isolationism | |
| 703567884 | U.S.S. Panay | American ship that was sunk by the Japanese as a test to see how the US would act. Japan apologized and paid an indemnity, however this opened up the US to a more serious attack | |
| 703567885 | Sudetenland | land in Czechoslovakia most inhabited by Germans. First land claimed by hitler before world war 2 | |
| 703567886 | Appeasement | Satisfying the demands of dissatisfied powers in an effort to maintain peace and stability | |
| 703567887 | Munich Conference | 1938 conference at which European leaders attempted to appease Hitler by turning over the Sudetenland to him in exchange for promise that Germany would not expand Germany's territory any further. | |
| 703567888 | Russo-German Nonaggression Pact | Promise between Hitler and Stalin that ensured no fighting between the two. Was NOT an alliance treaty. Nazis hated communists. | |
| 703567889 | cash and carry | under the neutrality act of 1939, this was the U.S.'s way of trying to support the allied powers. offering supplies to them as long as they paid with cash and transported it out of the us by themselves | |
| 703567890 | phony war | the time after Hitler took Poland, and was shifting his troops over to the western front. during this time, russia annexed finland | |
| 703567891 | Blitzkrieg | "Lighting war", typed of fast-moving warfare used by German forces | |
| 703567892 | Battle of Britain | a Battle in which the Royal Air Force halted the ever-advancing Nazi forces. showed a weakining of the nazi army | |
| 703567893 | America First Committee | a group that arose arguing continued isolationism after france and britain got involved in war. wanted to focus on work in the US primarily | |
| 703567894 | Committee to defend the allies | group that arose rallying for the intervention of the U.S. to aid the Allied forces | |
| 703567895 | Destroyer Deal | America transferred 50 old destroyers from WWI days to Britain, shows the U.S. on the brink of stepping out of isolationism | |
| 703567896 | Wendell L. Willkie | Republican nominee that ran against FDR in the election of 1940 | |
| 703567897 | Lend-Lease Bill | Marking an almost a complete abandonment of isolationism, this bill had sent about 50 billion dolars worth of arms and material to the allies. | |
| 703567898 | Atlantic Charter | During the Atlantic Conference in Tehran. the big three (Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin) established post war goals, much like wilsons 14 pts in ww1 | |
| 703567899 | attack on pearl harbor | a surprising attack committed by Japan due to the U.S. embargo of oil, brought the U.S. into WW2 | |
| 703567900 | Labor disputes act | passed in reaction to the disconcerting number of strikes in essential war industries. allowed government takeover of businesses if deemed essential to national security | |
| 703567901 | Selective Training and Service act of 1940 | created the first peacetime war draft in U.S history |
APUSH Chapter 35 Flashcards
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| 702122710 | London Economic Conference (1933) | 66 nations tried to attack the global depression and stabilize currencies. FDR withdrew USA from the conference, causing it to fail. | |
| 702122711 | Good Neighbor Policy | FDR renounced the Roosevelt Corollary and armed intervention in Latin America. | |
| 702122712 | Mexican Oil Expropriation (1938) | Mexico seized US oil properties, testing the Good Neighbor policy, but FDR negotiated, winning reputation. | |
| 702122713 | Cordell Hull | FDR's Secretary of State. Helped pass the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act. | |
| 702122714 | Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act (1934) | Gave FDR the power to lower tariffs if other nations did the same. | |
| 702122715 | Rome-Berlin Axis | Hitler and Mussolini allied. | |
| 702122716 | Ethiopian Invasion | Mussolini's African campaign. | |
| 702122717 | Isolationism | Americans did not want to trouble themselves with foreign events. | |
| 702122718 | Nye Committee | Senator Nye investigated and proclaimed that WWI was caused by bankers and arms manufacturers. | |
| 702122719 | Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, 1937 | Proclaimed that no American could sail on a belligerent ship, sell munitions to a belligerent, or make loans to belligerents. | |
| 702122720 | Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) | Franco asked Hitler and Mussolini to help defeat the Loyalists. Democracies refused to help the Loyalists. | |
| 702122721 | Japanese Invasion of China (1937) | Japan attacks China and FDR calls for a quarantine but Americans don't want it. | |
| 702122722 | FDR's Quarantine Speech (1937) | FDR called for a quarantine on Japan and Italy but it was protested by isolationists. | |
| 702122723 | Panay Incident (1937) | Japan sunk an American gunboat but quickly apologized. | |
| 702122724 | Rhineland Invasion (1935) | Hitler marched troops into the demilitarized zone, breaking the Treaty of Versailles. | |
| 702122725 | Holocaust | Hitler killed about 6 million Jews. | |
| 702122726 | Austrian Annexation | Hitler combined Germany with Austria in Anschluss. | |
| 702122727 | Sudetenland | Hitler demanded this territory as his last territorial claim. | |
| 702122728 | Munich Conference | Democracies betray Czechoslovakia to Hitler. | |
| 702122729 | Appeasement | Democracies gave Hitler what he wanted. | |
| 702122730 | Hitler-Stalin Non-Aggression Treaty | Hitler and Stalin promised not to attack each other. | |
| 702122731 | Cash and Carry Neutrality Act | US sold war materials to European Democracies on a cash and carry basis. | |
| 702122732 | Phony War | A silence between the invasion of Poland and the resumption of war. | |
| 702122733 | Invasion of France (1940) | Hitler and Mussolini steamrolled France. | |
| 702122734 | Winston Churchill | Gave the inspiration to fight off air bombings of London. | |
| 702122735 | Battle of Britain | The Royal Air Force held off the Luftwaffe. | |
| 702122736 | Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies | Supported Aid to Britain. "Britain is Fighting Our Fight" "All Methods Short of War" | |
| 702122737 | The America First Committee | Believed America should concentrate on the strength it had to defend its own shores. | |
| 702122738 | Destroyer Deal | Britain received 50 US destroyers and US got 8 defensive base sites for 99 years. | |
| 702122739 | Wendell Wilkie | Republican Candidate who was really a Democrat. He agreed with FDR's ideas, but not his methods. He had little political experience. | |
| 702122740 | Lend-Lease Act | US gave Britain weapons and arms and Britain returned them after the war. It was widely debated everywhere. It was an economic declaration of war. | |
| 702122741 | Invasion of USSR | Hitler turned on Stalin to seize the Soviet supplies to defeat Britain. | |
| 702122742 | Atlantic Charter | An agreement between FDR and Churchill to give self-determination, disarmament and a better League. | |
| 702122743 | Greer, Kearney and Reuben James | US ships attacked by Hitler's U-boats. | |
| 702122744 | Japanese Embargo | US placed an embargo on Japan, inciting the bombing on Pearl Harbor. |
APUSH Chapter 35 (The American Pageant) Flashcards
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| 339734515 | London Economic Conference (1933) | goal to develop a worldwide solution to the Great Depression, wanted a stabilized currency for the revival of world trade, composed of 66 nations - Roosevelt did not send an American delegation because it would allow the deflation of the American dollar | |
| 339734516 | Tydings-McDuffie Act of 1934 | provided for the independence of Philippines after a 12 year period of econimc, political tutelage | |
| 339734517 | Platt Amendment | Allowed the United States to intervene in Cuba and gave the United States control of the naval base at Guantanamo Bay. | |
| 339734518 | Good Neighbor Policy (1933) | FDR's foreign policy of promoting better relations w/Latin America by using economic influence rather than military force in the region | |
| 339734519 | Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act of 1934 | - activated low-tariff policies - relief & recovery which boosted American trade - amended Hawley-Smoot by lowering rates 50% provided that others do the same - allowed Roosevelt to control taxes - foreign trade increased - free trade international economic system | |
| 339734520 | Hawley-Smoot Tariff | charged a high tax for imports thereby leading to less trade between America and foreign countries along with some economic retaliation | |
| 339734521 | Joseph Stalin | Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953) | |
| 339734522 | Adolf Hitler | German Nazi dictator during World War II (1889-1945) | |
| 339734523 | Benito Mussolini | Fascist dictator of Italy (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia (1935), joined Germany in the Axis pact (1936), and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy. | |
| 340091728 | Secretary of State Cordell Hull | - Pursued the "Good Neighbor Policy" - Responsible for U.S. foreign relations before and during the attack on Pearl Harbor - low tariffs help encourage trade --> nation sells as it buys | |
| 340091729 | Rome-Berlin Axis | - Alliance between Nazi Hitler and Fascist Mussolini (1936) - "international gangsterism" - communist and fascist regimes taking control | |
| 340091730 | Fascist Italy | Angry over failure to receive territory after WWI. Mussolini, growth of socialists, fascist movement gains support from industrialists. - attacked Ethiopia for imperialism (1935) | |
| 340091731 | Johnson Debt Default Act | 1934 prevented debt dodging nations from further borrowing money from the US | |
| 340091732 | Who were blamed for WWI? | American bankers and manufacturers who made money from the war - if traffic cannot be removed, war cannot be avoided | |
| 340091733 | Neutrality Act of 1936 | If President proclaims war, Americans CANNOT make loans out to foreign nations | |
| 340091734 | Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) | In 1936 a rebellion erupted in Spain after a coalition of Republicans, Socialists, and Communists was elected. General Francisco Franco led the rebellion. The revolt quickly became a civil war. The Soviet Union provided arms and advisers to the government forces while Germany and Italy sent tanks, airplanes, and soldiers to help Franco. This ended up scaring the American nationalists. | |
| 340091735 | Japanese invasion of Beijing | - Roosevelt declined to call the incasion as a reason to declare war - Japanese continued to buy war supplies from US | |
| 340091736 | Panay (1937) | Warship that Roosevelt sent over to Japan for observation, US was neutral but they attacked ship 3 times. Japanese apologized and payed indemnity. | |
| 340091737 | 1935-1938 | - Hitler invades Austria, Sudentenland, German Rhineland - start of military service in Germany | |
| 340091738 | Nonaggression Treaty | Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union make this agreement during the beginning of WWII. One won't attack the other unless one attacks another. - it allowed Hitler to attack Poland and other western democracies - Soviets will back him up - everyone hoped they would become enemies>opposite | |
| 340091739 | Neutrality Act of 1939 | allow trade but prevent foreign entanglements by requiring warring nations to pay cash for non-military goods, and trasnport them in their ships | |
| 340091740 | Neutrality Act of 1937 | made it illegal for American citizens to travel on belligerents' ships | |
| 340091741 | Where did Hitler attack? | Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium, Poland | |
| 340091742 | Munich Conference of 1938 | During the Munich Conference of 1938, Britain and France met with Hitler, allowing him to take over Czechoslovakia as long as he agreed to expand no further. The agreement was seen as an assurance of peace. (Fail) | |
| 340091743 | Havana Conference | U.S. warned Germany it could not take over colonies in Americas; Americans called upon Latin American countries to uphold the Monroe Doctrine in response to prevent any fascist countries to make their way across the Atlantic | |
| 340091744 | Battle of Britain | an aerial battle fought in World War II in 1940 between the German Luftwaffe (air force), which carried out extensive bombing in Britain, and the British Royal Air Force, which offered successful resistance. | |
| 340091745 | Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies | 1940 - Formed by isolationists who believed that the U.S. could avoid going to war by giving aid in the form of supplies and money to the Allies, who would fight the war for us. | |
| 340091746 | Destroyer Deal | 1940 - U.S. agreed to "lend" its older destroyers to Great Britain. (Destroyers were major warships that made up the bulk of most countries' navies.) Signaled the end of U.S. neutrality in the war. | |
| 340091747 | Robert A. Taft | original Republican candidate for election of 1952; Republican Leader of the Senate from OH; was too extreme to be elected, so Republicans dropped him - Warned that the United States could not afford to police all Europe without sidetracking domestic policies and undercutting the UN | |
| 340091748 | Thomas E. Dewey | The Republican presidential nominee in 1944, Dewey was the popular governor of New York. Roosevelt won a sweeping victory in this election of 1944. Dewey also ran against Harry Truman in the 1948 presidential election. Dewey, arrogant and wooden, seemed certain to win the election, and the newspapers even printed, "DEWEY DEFEATS TRUMAN" on election night. However, the morning results showed that Truman swept the election, much to Dewey's embarrassment. | |
| 340091749 | Wendell Wilkie | The Republican nominee for president in the 1940 election, he was a surprise nominee as he had never before run for public office; He criticized the New deal but largely agreed with Roosevelt on preparedness and giving aid to Britain short of actually entering the war. His strongest criticism of Roosevelt was regarding his decision to break the two term tradition established by George Washington. | |
| 340091750 | New Deal | President Franklin Roosevelt's precursor of the modern welfare state (1933-1939); programs to combat economic depression enacted a number of social insurance measures and used government spending to stimulate the economy; increased power of the state and the state's intervention in U.S. social and economic life. | |
| 340091751 | Lend-Lease Bill | - economic (unofficial) declaration of war , The United States would loan supplies to countries fighting Hitler. Payment would be worked out after the war. | |
| 340091752 | June of 1941 | - Hitler invades Soviet Union | |
| 340091753 | Atlantic Conference | (1941) Idealistic meeting between Roosevelt and Churchill based on the Fourteen Points | |
| 340091754 | Antlantic Charter | issued by Roosevelt and Churchill - signed in August 1941, it was the British and American blueprint for what the world would look like after the end of WWII | |
| 340091755 | Shoot-on-Sight Policy | FDR ordered the U.S. Navy to escort British ships carrying Lend-Lease Materials. This policy allowed Navy to destroy German U Boats This occurred after the US destroyer Greer was attacked by a U Boat | |
| 340091756 | Pearl Harbor | American base in Hawaii that was bombed by Japanese planes on December 7, 1941. The bombing of Pearl Harbor forced the United States to enter the war. | |
| 340091757 | Mexican Oil Expropriation | - federal government takes control of all of countries oil reserves and natural resources as a means of protection of foreign American businesses and private investigations | |
| 340091758 | Nazi Party | German political party joined by Adolf Hitler, emphasizing nationalism, racism, and war. When Hitler became chancellor of Germany in 1933, the Nazi Party became the only legal party and an instrument of Hitler's absolute rule. | |
| 340091759 | Nye Committee | In 1934 Senator Gerald P. Nye of North Dakota held hearings to investigate the country's involvement on WW1; this committee documented the huge profits that arms factories had made during the war | |
| 340091760 | General Francisco Franco | In 1936 the Spanish Civil War began. Franco led the Fascists, fighting republican forces. In 1939, the Fascist forces won (with help from Italy and Germany). Franco ruled until his death in 1975. | |
| 340091761 | FDR's Quarantine Speech | FDR proposing that democracies ban together to "quarantine" Japan or any other aggressor nation that broke world peace. | |
| 340091762 | Holocaust | mass genocide of Jewish people and other minority groups in Germany during the dictatorship of Hitler and his Nazi party | |
| 340091763 | Austrian Annexation | German annexation of Austrian violated the provisions of the Versailles Treaty, despite popular vote in Austria to be unified with Germany. The allied powers however, lacked the will or courage to prevent it. | |
| 340091764 | Sudetenland | an area in western Czechoslovakia that was coveted by Hitler (German speaking) | |
| 340091765 | Appeasement | practice of giving in to an aggressor nation's demands in order to keep peace (US and GB gave into the demands of Hitler) | |
| 340091766 | Invasion of Poland | Hitler invaded Poland Sept. 1,1939. After signing the non-aggression pact HItler had a surprise attack, German tanks and troops rumbled across the Polish border at the same time Warsaw was being bombed. |
AP WORLD HISTORY - STUDY SET Flashcards
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