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How Electric is made Flashcards

14608213299	produce	생산하다	0
14608213300	generator	발전기	1
14608214352	magnet	자석	2
14608216199	wire	철사, 전선	3
14608217047	method	방법, 방식	4
14608218739	operate	작동하다	5
14608219267	fossil	화석, 화석의	6
14608219986	fule	연료	7
14608223354	unfortunately	불행하게도	8
14608224728	release	풀어주다	9
14608225626	carbon	탄소	10
14608226400	pollute	오염시키다	11
14608227066	reaction	반응	12
14608227067	unclear	불확실한	13
14608230437	disadventageous	불리한	14
14608239277	radioactive	방사성의	15
14608239890	replace	대신하다, 대체하다	16
14608241672	renewable	재생 가능한	17
14608243180	relatively	비교적	18
14608244994	windmill	풍차	19
14608246005	reliable	믿을 수 있는	20
14608248360	alternative	대안	21
14608249474	solar	태양의	22
14608250013	harmful	해로운	23

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how is electricity is produced Flashcards

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13451147424	Electricity can be produced by an outlet	true	0
13451159761	electricity can be produced by people	true	1
13451171639	electricity can be produced by a bike	true	2
13451176747	electricity can be produced by lightning	true	3
13451181274	electricity can be produced by a battery	true	4

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AP World History Chapter 21-23 Vocab Flashcards

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11201473414	Industrial Revolution	The transformation of the economy, the environment, and living conditions, occurring first in England in the eighteenth century, that resulted from the use of steam engines, the mechanization of manufacturing in factories, and innovations in transportation and communication.	0
11201487097	agriculatural revolution	The transformation of farming in the eighteenth century that resulted from the spread of new crops, improvements in cultivation techniques and livestock breeding, and the consolidation of small holdings into large farms from which tenants and sharecroppers were forcibly expelled.	1
13700163618	mass production	The manufacture of many identical products by the division of labor into many small repetitive tasks. This method was introduced into the manufacturing of pottery by Josiah Wedgwood and into the spinning of cotton thread by Richard Arkwright.	2
13700179846	Josiah Wedgwood	English industrialist whose pottery works were the first to produce fine-quality pottery by industrial methods.	3
13700187325	division of labor	Manufacturing technique that breaks down a craft into many simple and repetitive tasks that can be performed by unskilled workers. Pioneered in the pottery works of Josiah Wedgwood and in other eighteenth-century factories, increasing productivity.	4
13700199223	Richard Arkwright	English inventor and entrepreneur who became the wealthiest and most successful textile manufacturer of the first Industrial Revolution. He invented the water frame, a machine that, with minimal human supervision, could spin several threads at once.	5
13700202367	Crystal Palace	Building erected in Hyde Park, London, for the Great Exhibition of 1851. Made of iron and glass, like a gigantic greenhouse, it was a symbol of the industrial age.	6
13700205826	steam engine	A machine that turns the energy released by burning fuel into motion. Thomas Newcomen built the first crude but workable one in 1712. James Watt vastly improved his device in the 1760s and 1770s. It was then applied to machinery in factories and powering ships and locomotives.	7
13700216190	James Watt	Scottish engineer and inventor whose improvements in the steam engine led to its wide use in industry. It was a practical source of power for the industry and transportation. The watt, an electrical measurement, is named after him.	8
13700228621	electric telegraph	A device for rapid, long-distance transmission of information over an electric wire. It was introduced in England and North America in the 1830s and 1840s and replaced telegraph systems that utilized visual signals such as semaphores.	9
13700253294	laissez faire	The idea that government should refrain from interfering in economic affairs. The classic exposition of laissez-faire principles is Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations (1776).	10
13700259122	mercantilism	European government policies of the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries designed to promote overseas trade between a country and its colonies and accumulate precious metals by requiring colonies to trade only with their motherland country. The British system was defined by the Navigation Acts, the French system by laws known as the Exclusif.	11
13700270060	positivism	A philosophy developed by the French count of Saint-Simon. Positivists believed that social and economic problems could be solved by the application of the scientific method, leading to continuous progress. Popular in France and Latin America in the nineteenth century.	12
13700275892	proletariat	the class of industrial wage earners who possess neither capital nor the tools of production. They, therefore must earn their living by selling their labor.	13
13700297629	Muhammad Ali	Leader of Egyptian modernization in the early nineteenth century. He ruled Egypt as an Ottoman governor, but had imperial ambitions. His descendants ruled Egypt until overthrown in 1952.	14
13700303220	Enlightenment	A philosophical movement which started in Europe in the 1700's and spread to the colonies. It emphasized reason and the scientific method. Writers of the enlightenment tended to focus on government, ethics, and science, rather than on imagination, emotions, or religion. It was the belief that one could reform society by discovering t=rational laws that governed social behavior and were just as scientific as the laws of physics.	15
13700327710	Benjamin Franklin	An American intellectual, inventor, and politician who helped negotiate French support for the American Revolution.	16
13700336562	George Washington	Military commander of the American Revolution. He was the first elected president of the United States (1789-1799).	17
13700341771	Joseph Brant	Mohawk leader who supported the British during the American Revolution.	18
13700348509	Constituitonal Convention	Meeting in 1787 of the elected representatives of the thirteen original states to write the Constitution of the United States.	19
13700361050	Estates General	France's traditional national assembly with representatives of the three estates, or classes, in French society: the clergy, nobility, and commoners. The calling of the Estates General in 1789 led to the French Revolution.	20
13700368082	Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen	Statement of fundamental political rights adopted by the French National Assembly at the beginning of the French Revolution.	21
13700372717	Jacobins	Radical republicans during the French Revolution. They were led by Maximilien Robespierre from 1793 to 1794.	22
13700375189	Maximilien Robespierre	Young provincial lawyer who led the most radical phases of the French Revolution; his execution ended the Reign of Terror.	23
13700381581	Napoleon Bonaparte	General who overthrew the French Directory in 1799 and became emperor of the French in 1804. Failed to defeat Great Britain and abdicated in 1814. Returned to power briefly in 1815 but was defeated and died in exile.	24
13700385873	gens de couleur	Free men and women of color in Haiti. They sought greater political rights and later supported the Haitian Revolution.	25
13700390376	Francois Dominique Toussaint L'Ouverture	Leader of the Haitian Revolution. He freed the slaves and gained effective independence for Haiti despite military interventions by the British and French.	26
13700394634	Congress of Vienna	Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon I.	27
13700397942	Revolutions of 1848	Democratic and nationalist revolutions that swept across Europe during a time after the Congress of Vienna when conservative monarchs were trying to maintain their power. The monarchy in France was overthrown. In Germany, Austria, Italy, and Hungary the revolutions failed.	28
13700404981	Muhammad Ali	Leader of Egyptian modernization in the early nineteenth century. He ruled Egypt as an Ottoman governor, but had imperial ambitions. His descendants ruled Egypt until overthrown in 1952.	29
13700408162	Janissaries	Infantry, originally of slave origin, armed with firearms and constituting the elite of the Ottoman army from the fifteenth century until the corps was abolished in 1826.	30
13700408163	Serbia	The Ottoman province in the Balkans that rose up against Janissary control in the early 1800s. After World War II the central province of Yugoslavia. Serb leaders struggled to maintain dominance as the Yugoslav federation dissolved in the 1990s.	31
13700423709	Tanzimat	Restructuring reforms by the 19th century Ottoman rulers, intended to move civil law away from the control of religious elites and make the military and the bureaucracy more efficient.	32
13700425748	Crimean War	Conflict between Russian and Ottoman Empires fought primarily in the Crimean Peninsula. To prevent Russian expansion, Britain and France sent troops to support the Ottomans.	33
13700445402	extraterritoriality	The right of foreign residents in a country to live under the laws of their native country and disregard the laws of the host country. In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, European and American nationals living in certain areas of Chinese and Ottoman cities were granted this right.	34
13700468513	Slavophiles	Russian intellectuals in the early nineteenth century who favored resisting western European influences and taking pride in the traditional peasant values and institutions of the Slavic people.	35
13700470907	Pan-Slavism	Movement among Russian intellectuals in the second half of the nineteenth century to identify culturally and politically with the Slavic peoples of eastern Europe.	36
13700476494	Decembrist revolt	Abortive attempt by army officers to take control of the Russian government upon the death of Tsar Alexander I in 1825.	37
13700482665	Opium War	War between Britain and the Qing Empire that was, in the British view, occasioned by the Qing government's refusal to permit the importation of opium into its territories; the victorious British imposed the one-sided Treaty of Nanking on China.	38
13700486015	Bannermen	Hereditary military servants of the Qing Empire, in large part descendants of peoples of various origins who had fought for the founders of the empire.	39
13700490094	Treaty of Nanking	The treaty that concluded the Opium War. It awarded Britain a large indemnity from the Qing Empire, denied the Qing government tariff control over some of its own borders, opened additional ports of residence to Britons, and ceded Hong Kong to Britain.	40
13700495339	treaty ports	Cities opened to foreign residents as a result of the forced treaties between the Qing Empire and foreign signatories. In the in these cities, foreigners enjoyed extraterritoriality.	41
13700500899	most-favored-nation status	A clause in a commercial treaty that awards to any later signatories all the privileges previously granted to the original signatories.	42
13700505667	Taiping Rebellion	A Christian-inspired rural rebellion that threatened to topple the Qing Empire.	43

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AP World History Unit 1: The Global Tapestry Flashcards

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14807297028	Song Dynasty	(960-1279 CE) The Chinese dynasty that placed much more emphasis on civil administration, industry, education, and arts other than military.	0
14807297029	Buddhism	the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth	1
14807297030	Filial Piety	In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's parents and ancestors.	2
14807297031	Neo-Confucianism	The Confucian response to Buddhism by taking Confucian and Buddhist beliefs and combining them into this. However, it is still very much Confucian in belief.	3
14807297032	Theravada Buddhism	Buddhist sect that focuses on the wisdom of the Buddha	4
14807297033	Mahayana Buddhism	Also known as popular Buddhism, is allows people more ways to reach enlightenment and boddhisatvas can help you reach enlightenment.	5
14807297034	Tibetan Buddhism	a Buddhist doctrine that includes elements from India that are not Buddhist and elements of preexisting shamanism, a tradition of Buddhism that teaches that people can use special techniques to harness spiritual energy and can achieve nirvana in a single lifetime	6
14807297035	Champa Rice	Quick-maturing rice that can allow two harvests in one growing season. Originally introduced into Champa from India, it was later sent to China as a tribute gift by the Champa state (as part of the tributary system.)	7
14807297036	Grand Canal	The 1,100-mile (1,700-kilometer) waterway linking the Yellow and the Yangzi Rivers. It was begun in the Han period and completed during the Sui Empire.	8
14807297037	Islam	A religion based on the teachings of the prophet Mohammed which stresses belief in one god (Allah), Paradise and Hell, and a body of law written in the Quran. Followers are called Muslims.	9
14807297038	Judaism	A religion with a belief in one god. It originated with Abraham and the Hebrew people. Yahweh was responsible for the world and everything within it. They preserved their early history in the Old Testament.	10
14807297039	Christianity	A monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus as embodied in the New Testament and emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior.	11
14807297040	Abbasid Caliphate	(750-1258 CE) The caliphate, after the Umayyads, who focused more on administration than conquering. Had a bureaucracy that any Mulim could be a part of.	12
14807297041	Seljuk Empire	Middle East, 11th-12th centuries Turkic empire ruled by sultans in Persia and modern-day Iraq Established Turks as major ethnic group carrying Islam across Eurasia, along with Arabs and Persians Helped to spread the influence of Islam throughout the region	13
14807297042	Mamluk Sultanate	A political unit in Egypt. Did not set up a consistent, hereditary line of succession.Failed to adapt to new warfare and were eventually defeated by the Ottomans.	14
14807297043	Delhi Sultanate	The first Islamic government established within India from 1206-1520. Controled a small area of northern India and was centered in Delhi.	15
14807297044	Sufism	mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, & simple life	16
14807297045	Dar al-Islam	a term used by Muslims to refer to those countries where Muslims can practice their religion freely.	17
14807297046	House of Wisdom	a center of learning established in Baghdad in the 800s	18
14807297047	Hinduism	A religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms	19
14807297048	Bhakti Movement	An immensely popular development in Hinduism, advocating intense devotion toward a particular deity.	20
14807297049	Monasticism	The practice of living the life of a monk	21
14807297050	Vijayanagara Empire	Southern Indian kingdom (1336-1565) that later fell to the Mughals.	22
14807297051	Srivijaya Empire	A maritime empire that controlled the Sunda strait the strait of Malacca between India and China. HS: control strengthened trade routes to China, India, and even Arabia	23
14807297052	Rajput Kingdoms	set of kingdoms in India that arose after the fall of the Gupta dynasty ruled by land owning Kshatriyas (Warriors) wealthy due to trade and a good economy.	24
14807297053	Khmer Empire	Aggressive empire in Cambodia and Laos that collapsed in the 1400's when Thailand conquered Cambodia	25
14807297054	Sinhala Dynasties	Kingdom on the island of Sri Lanka	26
14807297055	Maya	Mesoamerican civilization concentrated in Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula and in Guatemala and Honduras but never unified into a single empire. Major contributions were in mathematics, astronomy, and development of the calendar.	27
14807297056	Aztecs	Also known as Mexica, they created a powerful empire in central Mexico (1325-1521 C.E.). They forced defeated peoples to provide goods and labor as a tax.	28
14807297057	Inca	Largest and most powerful Andean empire. Controlled the Pacific coast of South America from Ecuador to Chile from its capital of Cuzco.	29
14807297058	Chaco	An urban center established by Anasazi located in southern New Mexico. There, they built a walled city with dozens of three-story adobe houses with timbered roofs. Community religious functions were carried out in two large circular chambers called kivas.	30
14807297059	Mesa Verde	The largest complex of Anasazi cliff-dwellings in the United States Southwest, built between about AD 1150 and AD 1300	31
14807297060	Cahokia	an ancient settlement of southern Indians, located near present day St. Louis, it served as a trading center for 40,000 at its peak in A.D. 1200.	32
14807297061	Great Zimbabwe	City, now in ruins (in the modern African country of Zimbabwe), whose many stone structures were built between about 1250 and 1450, when it was a trading center and the capital of a large state.	33
14807297062	Ethiopia	A Christian kingdom that developed in the highlands of eastern Africa under the dynasty of King Lalaibela; retained Christianity in the face of Muslim expansion elsewhere in Africa	34
14807297063	Hausa Kingdoms	West African people who lived in several city-states of what is now northern Nigeria	35
14807297064	Feudalism	A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land	36
14807297065	Serfdom	A type of labor commonly used in feudal systems in which the laborers work the land in return for protection but they are bound to the land and are not allowed to leave or to peruse their a new occupation. This was common in early Medeival Europe as well as in Russia until the mid 19th century.	37
14807297066	Imperial Bureaucracy	organizations where appointed officials carry out the empire's policies	38
14807297067	Civil Service Exam	In Imperial China starting in the Han dynasty, it was an exam based on Confucian teachings that was used to select people for various government service jobs in the nationwide administrative bureaucracy.	39
14807297068	Meritocracy	a system in which promotion is based on individual ability or achievement	40
14807297069	Scholar Gentry	Chinese class created by the marital linkage of the local land-holding aristocracy with the office-holding shi; superseded shi as governors of China.	41
14807297070	Foot Binding	Practice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household.	42
14807297071	Bagdhad	Capital of Islamic Empire under the Abbasid Dynasty.	43
14807297072	Seljuk Turks	nomadic Turks from Asia who conquered Baghdad in 1055 and allowed the caliph to remain only as a religious leader. they governed strictly	44
14807297073	Crusades	A series of holy wars from 1096-1270 AD undertaken by European Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim rule.	45
14807297074	Proselytize	to convert someone to a faith, belief, or cause	46
14807297075	Urdu	A Persian-influenced literary form of Hindi written in Arabic characters and used as a literary language since the 1300s.	47
14807297076	Majapahit kingdom	vast archipelagic empire based on the island of Java from 1293 to around 1500; one of the last major empires of the region and is considered to be one of the greatest and most powerful empires in the history of Indonesia and Southeast Asia, one that is sometimes seen as the precedent for Indonesia's modern boundaries	48
14807297077	Mississippian Culture	Last of the mound-building cultures of North America; flourished between 800 and 1300 C.E.; featured large towns and ceremonial centers; lacked stone architecture of Central America.	49
14807297078	Matrilineal Society	a society in which descent & inheritance come through the mother's kinship line	50
14807297079	Mexicas	another name for the Aztecs	51
14807297080	Mita System	The system recruiting workers for particularly difficult and dangerous chores that free laborers would not accept.	52
14807297081	Temple of the Sun	Inca religious center located at Cuzco; center of state religion; held mummies of past Incas	53
14807297082	Animism	Belief that objects, such as plants and stones, or natural events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and conscious life.	54
14807297083	Carpa Nan	during Incan rule, this is a massive roadway system made possible by captive labor, stretched 25,00 miles	55
14807297084	Kin-Based Networks	Relation between two or more people that is based on common ancestry or marriage	56
14807297085	Zanj Rebellion	A series of revolts by slaves working on sugar plantations in Mesopotamia, led by Ali bin Muhammad	57
14807297086	Manorial System	an economic system in the Middle Ages that was built around large estates called manors	58
14807297087	Three-field system	A rotational system for agriculture in which one field grows grain, one grows legumes, and one lies fallow. It gradually replaced two-field system in medieval Europe.	59
14807297088	Estates General	An assembly of representatives from all three of the estates, or social classes, in France.	60
14807297089	Lay Investiture Controversy	A disagreement between Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII about who should appoint church officials.	61
14807297090	Magna Carta	the royal charter of political rights given to rebellious English barons by King John in 1215	62
14807297091	English Parliament	England's chief law-making body. It was a key institution in the development of representative democracy as it provided some voice and recognition of the rights and interests of various groups in society.	63
14807297092	Marco Polo	Venetian merchant and traveler. His accounts of his travels to China offered Europeans a firsthand view of Asian lands and stimulated interest in Asian trade.	64
14807297093	Renaissance	"rebirth"; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome	65