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AP Language Diction Terms Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
14776908429monosyllabichaving only one syllable0
14776908430polysyllabichaving many syllables1
14776908431euphoniouspleasing to the ear2
14776908432cacophonousharsh-sounding, raucous, discordant, dissonant3
14776908433literaltaking words in their usual or most basic sense4
14776908434figurativedeparting from a literal use of words; metaphorical.5
14776908435Denotativedictionary definition6
14776908436ConnotativeThe ideas or concepts a word suggests in addition to its literal meaning7
14776908437Pedestrian dictionuse of words that are commonplace and unimaginative8
14776908438pedanticprecision, formalism, accuracy, and minute details in order to make an arrogant and ostentatious show of learning9
14776908439vulgaritylanguage deficient in taste and refinement10
14776929902slanga type of language that consists of words and phrases that are regarded as very informal, are more common in speech than writing, and are typically restricted to a particular context or group of people.11
14776929903ColliquialThe use of slang or informalities in speech or writing. Used in ordinary or familiar conversation12
14776929904Jargonspecial words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand.13
14776929905Clichéa phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought.14
14776929906Hyperboleexaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.15
14776929907AssonanceRepetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity16
14776929908ConsonanceRepetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity.17
14776929909Alliterationthe occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.18
14776929910Onomomatopoeiaword which imitates the natural sound of a thing19

AP Language Grapes of Wrath Test Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
15381538253red, gray, green, brown, pink, whiteidentify colors that Steinbeck uses to describe the land (Ch. 1)0
15381538254hyperbole, similes, personification, ironyidentify 4 examples of figurative language (Ch. 1)1
15381538255they acted different and looked to see if the men and women would breakhow do the children act? (Ch. 1)2
15381538256they acted different and looked to see if the men would breakhow do the women act? (Ch. 1)3
15381538257they acted the same and only got mad and resistanthow do the men act? (Ch. 1)4
15381538258No Riders (Oklahoma City Transport Company)what does the sticker say on the truck? (Ch. 2)5
15381538259they were new and cheap. he's been in jaildescribe Tom's clothes? where do you think he's been? (Ch. 2)6
15381538260because if he didn't give him a ride he would be mean and if he did he wouldn't let anyone boss him aroundwhy does the truck driver feel trapped? (Ch. 2)7
15381538261they are being dusted and forced out of their land by the tractorswhat is happening to the croppers? (Ch. 2)8
15381538262"ol' Tom Joad"who is Tom Joad's father? (Ch. 2)9
15381538263Preacherwho does Tom know that uses big words? (Ch. 2)10
153815382644 yearshow long has Joad been in McAlester? (Ch. 2)11
15381538265homicidewhat crime was Joad sent to prison for committing? (Ch. 2)12
15381538266slow and dull; he had a treacherous way and kept getting hit; he does livedescribe the turtle's plight across the road. does he live? (Ch. 3)13
15381538267yellowwhat color are Joad's shoes? (Ch. 4)14
15381538268the turtlewhat does Joad pick up and roll up in his coat? (Ch. 4)15
15381538269a celery stockidentify the simile used to describe Jim Casy (Ch. 4)16
15381538270the call from Godwhat does Jim Casy mean when he says "ain't got the call no more"? (Ch. 4)17
15381538271off alone thinking and figuringwhere has Casy been? (Ch. 4)18
15381538272because he kept messing with girls even though he told people not towhy does Jim Casy call himself a hypocrite? (Ch. 4)19
15381538273holy vesselswhat were girls to Jim Casy? (Ch. 4)20
15381538274that it is just the universal spirit of humanswhat does Casy figure out about the Holy Spirit? (Ch. 4)21
15381538275take it homewhat does Tom plan to do with the turtle? (Ch. 4)22
153815382764 yearhow long has it been since Tom has been home? (Ch. 4)23
15381538277homicidewhat was Joad's crime? (Ch. 4)24
15381538278because they only got to steal one half of the housewhy does the Joad's house look so funny on one end? (Ch. 4)25
15381538279a monsterthe bank or the company is compared to what? (Ch. 5)26
15381538280robs and sucks all the blood out of the land and kills itwhat does the cotton do to the land ? (Ch. 5)27
15381538281because of the bankwhy can't the tenant system work any longer? (Ch. 5)28
15381538282Californiato where does the bank suggest the tenants go? (Ch. 5)29
15381538283because he is using the money to feed him and his familywhy is Joe Davis's boy driving the tractor and hurting his own people? (Ch. 5)30
15381538284the Eastfrom where does the bank get orders? (Ch. 5)31
15381538285there is nothing leftwhat do Tom and Casy discover when they arrive at the Joad house? (Ch. 6)32
15381538286that it was shut and hookedwhat would Ma have made sure was done to the gate? (Ch. 6)33
15381538287Joad's old neighborswho are the Rances? (Ch. 6)34
15381538288"the red sun touched the horizon and spread out like a jelly fish"find a simile on page 45 (Ch. 6)35
15381538289the guy who drove the tractor that forced the Joads outwho is Willy Freely? (Ch. 6)36
15381538290Uncle John'swhere did the Joads go to when they left their house? (Ch. 6)37
15381538291Californiawhere does Muley say he would be if he hadn't been told to get off the land? (Ch. 6)38
153815382928how many miles is it from the Joad's to Uncle John's house? (Ch. 6)39
15381538293three rabbits (two cottontails and one jackrabbit)what does Muley share with Tom and Casy for dinner? (Ch. 6)40
15381538294a graveyard ghostwhat does Muley call himself? (Ch. 6)41
15381538295the dad of the guy Tom killedwho is Ol' man Turnbull? (Ch. 6)42
15381538296he is on parolewhy can't Tom leave the state? (Ch. 6)43
15381538297yeswould Tom kill again? (Ch. 6)44
15381538298going with the Joadswhat decision does Casy make about his future plans? (Ch. 6)45
15381538299selling cheap cars for expensivewhat ain't gonna last? (Ch. 7)46
15381538300a used old carwhat is a jalopy? (Ch. 7)47
15381538301Uncle Johnwho is older, Uncle John or Pa? (Ch. 8)48
15381538302a busted appendixhow did Uncle John's wife die? (Ch. 8)49
15381538303Californiawhere is Tom's family preparing to go? (Ch. 8)50
15381538304a dress fitted only though the shoulderswhat is a Mother Hubbard? (Ch. 8)51
15381538305Mawho is considered the "citadel" of the family? (Ch. 8)52
15381538306Tommywho does Grampa favor? (Ch. 8)53
15381538307Noahwho is the first born? (Ch. 8)54
15381538308was twisted and pulled by Pawhat happened to Noah in childbirth? (Ch. 8)55
15381538309Jesus in the wildernessto whom does Casy compare himself? (Ch. 8)56
15381538310Alwhich family member drove a truck and can tinker with an engine? (Ch. 8)57
15381538311get a lot of grapes and eat themwhat does Grampa say he's going to do when he gets to California? (Ch. 8)58
15381538312Rosasharonwhich family member is pregnant? (Ch. 8)59
15381538313150about how much money will the Joads have when they start out on their journey? (Ch. 8)60
15381538314John Bunyan's two part allegory of the Christian soul's journey to heavenwhat is Pilgrim's Progress? (Ch. 9)61
15381538315Tomwho says to "Jus' take ever' day"? (Ch. 10)62
1538153831610how old is Winfield? (Ch. 10)63
15381538317advertised work brochures from Californiawhat are the han'bills? (Ch. 10)64
15381538318Casywho asks to go along with the Joads? (Ch. 10)65
1538153831912how old is Ruthie? (Ch. 10)66
15381538320Rose of Sharon's husbandwho is Connie? (Ch. 10)67
15381538321Uncle Johnwhich character sits in the honor seat beside the driver? (Ch. 10)68
15381538322$18how much money do the Joads get for every movable thing from the farm? (Ch. 10)69
15381538323battered, clashing, and bangedidentify three onomatopoeias on page 98. (Ch. 10)70
15381538324Hudsonwhat brand of truck do the Joads drive? (Ch. 10)71
15381538325the truckwhat becomes the living center of the family? (Ch. 10)72
15381538326he knew he could fix this one and it was popularwhat is Al's reasoning for buying the truck? (Ch. 10)73
15381538327Ruthiewho knew "this was the great time of her life so far"? (Ch. 10)74
153815383282000how many miles to California? (Ch. 10)75
15381538329her jewelry she couldn't takewhat does Ma throw in the fire? (Ch. 10)76
15381538330Muleywho comes by to see the Joads off? (Ch. 10)77
15381538331put soothing syrup in his coffee(drug him)what does the family do in order to get Grampa to go? (Ch. 10)78
15381538332tractors of corrugated iron and silver; plows and tractors shining; disks glittering; horse champing on hay; corpsesidentify 5 examples of imagery from this chaper (Ch. 11)79
15381538333Highway 66what highway is the main migrant road? (Ch. 12)80
15381538334before this here ol' jug blows up; cars limping alone 66 like wounded thingsfind an example of personification and simile in this chapter (Ch. 12)81
15381538335Alwho becomes the soul of the car? (Ch. 13)82
15381538336you have to live ahead and not worry about the pastwhat is Ma's philosophy about life on page 124? (Ch. 13)83
15381538337waterwhat did the Joads forget to bring? (Ch. 13)84
15381538338tradeswhat has the gas station attendant been getting for his gas instead of money? (Ch. 13)85
15381538339he is going to have to move toowhat prediction does Tom make about the gas station attendant? (Ch. 13)86
15381538340Rose of Sharonwho is all secrets? (Ch. 13)87
15381538341the dogwho gets run over by a car? (Ch. 13)88
15381538342that when he crosses the line, he breaks the parolewhat does Ma mean when she says "the minute you cross the line you done a crime"? (Ch. 13)89
15381538343they couldn't go any further and Sairy was sickwhy are the Wilsons stopped? (Ch. 13)90
15381538344Galena, Kansaswhere are the Wilsons from? (Ch. 13)91
15381538345blubbered and criedwhat does Grampa do that Uncle John has never seen him do before? (Ch. 13)92
15381538346to praywhat does Granma order Casy to do for Grampa? (Ch. 13)93
15381538347a strokewhat does Grampa die from? (Ch. 13)94
15381538348Pawho becomes the head of the family after Grampa dies? (Ch. 13)95
15381538349silver half-dollarswhat does Ma put on Grampa's eyes? (Ch. 13)96
15381538350"Blessed is he whose transgression is forgiven whose sin is covered"what scripture verse is left with Grampa? (Ch. 13)97
153815383513 weekshow long have the Wilsons been away from home? (Ch. 13)98
15381538352because he and the land were onewhy did Grampa die the "minute he was taken off the place"? (Ch. 13)99
15381538353the blown gaslinewhat does Al think is wrong with the Wilson's car? (Ch. 13)100
15381538354$30how much money do the Wilsons have left? (Ch. 13)101
15381538355turns the land and turns us off the landwhat two things does the tractor do? (Ch. 14)102
15381538356white bathing suits; beer taps; shiny and steaming pies; oranges in pyramidsidentify 4 examples of imagery from this chapter. (Ch. 15)103
15381538357live in town and work in a factorywhat is Rose of Sharon and Connie's plan when they get to California? (Ch. 16)104
15381538358the car breaking downfor what does Al take the blame? (Ch. 16)105
15381538359a black birdwhat omen appears on page 167? (Ch. 16)106
15381538360Mawho becomes the power of the family? the one who takes control? (Ch. 16)107
15381538361climbing fences, and laying my dogs downidentify a metaphor on page 174 (Ch. 16)108
15381538362don't drink or get into an argument or fight anyonewhat is Ma's message to Tom? (Ch. 16)109
15381538363Tomaccording to Al, to whom is Ma partial? (Ch. 16)110
15381538364the one eyed manwho asks if he can ride with the family? (Ch. 16)111
153815383654 bits (50 cents)how much does it cost to camp at the campsite? (Ch. 16)112
15381538366a vagrantwhat will Tom be considered if he sleeps in the ditch? (Ch. 16)113
15381538367he said they are going to get fooledwhat is the "ragged man's" disappointing message to the Joads, something that took him a year to find out? (Ch. 16)114
15381538368a circuswhat is the simile Steinbeck uses to describe the worlds of the migrants after its torn down at the end of the day? (Ch. 17)115
15381538369ostracismwhat is the worst form of punishment? (Ch. 17)116
15381538370migrantthey were not farm men any more, but _____________ men (Ch. 17)117
15381538371ate food more often that normalwhat did the rich, or foolish families do on the road with their food? (Ch. 17)118
15381538372Californiawhat state do the Joads finally reach in this chapter? (Ch. 18)119
15381538373the sharp peaks of Arizona (where river runs among reeds)what are the needles? (Ch. 18)120
15381538374$40about how much money do the Joads have left? (Ch. 18)121
15381538375you aren't able to make a living and people hate youwhat is the experience of the men who have already been to California? (Ch. 18)122
15381538376land plowed but not taken or seededwhat does "fallow" mean? (Ch. 18)123
15381538377because they are scared of them and threatened by themwhy do the big businesses hate the migrants? (Ch. 18)124
15381538378a nothing (used to be a person from Oklahoma)what is an Okie? (Ch. 18)125
15381538379Noahwhich family member decides to abandon the family and stay by the river? (Ch. 18)126
15381538380you're alone in everything in the world except in death, pain, and suffering; and to not worry yourself and do what you need towhat is Ma's advice/message to Rose of Sharon on page 209-210? (Ch. 18)127
15381538381because she didn't think she could handle itwhy does Ma not let the woman in the abck dress hold a meetin' in her tent for Granma? (Ch. 18)128
15381538382she got angrywhat is Ma's reaction to being called an Okie? (Ch. 18)129
15381538383Noah is not going to go on with the familywhat news does Tom break to Ma? (Ch. 18)130
15381538384Pawho takes the blame for Noah being different? (Ch. 18)131
15381538385The Wilsonswho stays behind and doesn't continue on with the Joads? (Ch. 18)132
15381538386money and foodwhat do the Joads give the Wilsons when they leave? (Ch. 18)133
15381538387because they were crossing in a jalopywhy does the gas station attendant say the Joads have nerve? (Ch. 18)134
15381538388Uncle Johnwho feels like he's bringing bad luck to the family? why? (Ch. 18)135
15381538389she dieswhat happened to Granma as the family crossed the desert? (Ch. 18)136
15381538390Ma's hands were like tired lovers in her lapfind a great simile on page 228 (Ch. 18)137
15381538391$40how much money do the Joads have left at the end of chapter 18? (Ch. 18)138
15381538392Mexico (Mexicans)to whom did California belong at one time? (Ch. 19)139
15381538393the owners grew fewerwhat happened as the farms grew larger? (Ch. 19)140
15381538394because they weren't soft and they had no money to buy stuffwhy do the owners hate the Okies? (Ch. 19)141
15381538395land and foodwhat two things did the new barbarians, or Okies, want? (Ch. 19)142
15381538396an old shanty town the Okies lived inwhat is a Hooverville? (Ch. 19)143
15381538397rusty, moldy, tattered canvas, gunny sackingidentify an example of imagery on page 42 that describes the campus (Ch. 20)144
15381538398acting stupid and being pushed around easywhat does it mean to be "bull-simple"? (Ch. 20)145
15381538399they get put in jailwhat happens when someone in the migrant crowd emerges as a leader? (Ch. 20)146
15381538400they are like birds in an atticfind a metaphor on page 250 (Ch. 20)147
15381538401a government campwhat is a weedpatch? (Ch. 20)148
15381538402Tom killed someonewhat news does Al blurt out to the other campers? (Ch. 20)149
15381538403Floyd Knowleswho does Al meet in this chapter that shares a love of cars? (Ch. 20)150
15381538404they she shouldn't be feeding them and they got madhow do the other campers feel about Ma feeding the children some of their food? (Ch. 20)151
15381538405workwhat's in Santa Clara Valley? (Ch. 20)152
15381538406was starting up trouble and being blacklistedwhat does it mean when Steinbeck says Floyd was "talkin' red"? (Ch. 20)153
15381538407with the deputy and Floyd. Floyd didn't listen to him and Tommy tripped himwhat altercation occurs on page 264-265? (Ch. 20)154
15381538408Casywho takes the blame for the fallen deputy? (Ch. 20)155
15381538409he goes missing (leaves)what happens to Connie? (Ch. 20)156
15381538410so he can get drunkwhy does Uncle John keep five dollars? (Ch. 20)157
15381538411his black hatwhat does Uncle John leave behind in the store where he buys whiskey? (Ch. 20)158
15381538412because he wasn't going with themwhy does Tom hit Uncle John? (Ch. 20)159
15381538413the police are trying to make them madwhat does Tom mean on page 279 when he says "They're workin' on our decency"? (Ch. 20)160
15381538414it is burnedwhat happens to the Hooverville at the end of this chapter? (Ch. 20)161
15381538415"the anger began to ferment"identify an indirect reference to the title (Ch. 21)162
15381538416$1how much does the campsite at Weedpatch cost per week? (Ch. 22)163
15381538417the Central Committeewho runs the camp? (Ch. 22)164
15381538418danceswhat occurs at the camp on Saturday nights? (Ch. 22)165
15381538419the Wallace's bosswho is Mr. Thomas? (Ch. 22)166
15381538420the Bank of the Westwho owns most of the valley? (Ch. 22)167
15381538421a fightaccording to Mr. Thomas, what's going to happen in the camp Saturday night? (Ch. 22)168
15381538422someone who wants more than given and feels too entitledwhat is a red? (Ch. 22)169
15381538423the toiletwhat do Ruthie and Winfield think they have broken in the bathroom? (Ch. 22)170
15381538424the camp managerwho is Jim Rawley? (Ch. 22)171
15381538425because he sinnedwhy does Uncle John think he has to take his punishment? (Ch. 22)172
15381538426not sinningwhat is Rose of Sharon warned about by the brown woman? (Ch. 22)173
15381538427they have howling skitters (stomach problems)what's happened to the kids from eating too many green grapes? (Ch. 22)174
15381538428who tells and warns Rose of Sharon of her babywho is Lisbeth Sandry? (Ch. 22)175
15381538429a new tirewhat does Al say he needs to get for the car? (Ch. 22)176
15381538430play instruments, tell stories, drink, etchow do the migrants pass the time or entertain themselves? (Ch. 23)177
15381538431chairman of camp committeewho is Ezra Houston? (Ch. 24)178
15381538432the farmers plan to riot and to shut the camp downwhat "word" has the committee received about the dance? (Ch. 24)179
15381538433Willie Eatonwho is chairman of entertainment? (Ch. 24)180
15381538434because it gives Okies a place to get on relief and they can't go into itwhy do the cops hate the camp so much? (Ch. 24)181
15381538435they were bullied and would get in fights at schoolwhy aren't the migrant children happy in schools? (Ch. 24)182
15381538436nodid Jackson ask the deputies to the dance? (Ch. 24)183
15381538437Pa; something will eventually change but it won't happen soonwho says "They's change a-comin. I don' know what. Maybe we won't live to see her. But she's a-comin. They's a res'less feelin'. Fella can't figure nothin' out, he's so nervous"? What do you thing (s)he means by this? (Ch. 24)184
15381538438a cannerywhat do the "great owners" have to have in order to survive? (Ch. 25)185
15381538439have to rot themwhat do you have to do to the crops in order to survive? (Ch. 25)186
15381538440they are filling the people's souls ("the grapes of wrath are filling the people's souls")what is mentioned about the title of the novel? (Ch. 25)187
153815384415how many days of work has Tom had since they've been in Weedpatch? (Ch. 26)188
15381538442they dont have any moneywhy can't they use gas? (Ch. 26)189
15381538443women are the bosses instead of the menaccording to Pa on page 352, how have times changed? (Ch. 26)190
15381538444he has things he needs to dowhat does Ma mean when she says that Tom is "spoke for"? (Ch. 26)191
15381538445golden earringswhat gift does Ma give to Rose of Sharon? (Ch. 26)192
15381538446because they are all working togetheraccording to Willie, why don't the cops pick on the people in the government camps? (Ch. 26)193
15381538447he called them Okieswhy did Winfield hit a kid? (Ch. 26)194
15381538448a riotwhats happening outside the peach camp? (Ch. 26)195
153815384495 cents ($.05)how much money a box will the Joads earn picking peaches? (Ch. 26)196
15381538450she faintswhat happens to Rose of Sharon? (Ch. 26)197
15381538451Hooper Ranches INC.who owns the store? (Ch. 26)198
15381538452Mawho says "If you're in trouble or hurt or need -- go to poor people. They're the only ones that'll help-the only ones"? (Ch. 26)199
15381538453Jim Casywho does Tom run into when he takes his walk at night? (Ch. 26)200
15381538454copsaccording to Casy, what makes all the trouble? (Ch. 26)201
15381538455got hit in the head with a pick axehow does Casy die? (Ch. 26)202
15381538456he gets his cheek slashed open (and kills someone)what happens to Tom? (Ch. 26)203
15381538457Jim Casywho was leading the strike? (Ch. 26)204
15381538458hideas soon as he gets well, what must Tom do? (Ch. 26)205
15381538459Mawho tries to take the blame for the new problems? (Ch. 26)206
15381538460Winfieldwho has worms? (Ch. 26)207
15381538461she won let him have any saywhy does Pa say he's gonna smack Ma? (Ch. 26)208
15381538462between 2 mattresseswhere will Tom sleep while the family lives in the boxcar? (Ch. 26)209
15381538463popcornidentify a simile used on page 406 that describes the cotton (Ch. 27)210
15381538464cotton pickin' machines (gins)what threatens to put cotton hand pickers out of business? (Ch. 27)211
15381538465nois there work in California in the winter? (Ch. 27)212
15381538466a tin stove, new overalls, a new dressidentify some of the new items the Joads buy (Ch. 28)213
15381538467Tom killed 2 peoplewhat news does Ruthie tell? (Ch. 28)214
15381538468go away/fleewhat does Ma tell Tom he must do? (Ch. 28)215
15381538469$7how much money does Ma give Tom? (Ch. 28)216
15381538470she will get pregnant and be a disgrace to the familywhat are the Wainwrights worried about concerning Aggie? (Ch. 28)217
15381538471Pawho says "Seems like our life's over an' done"? (Ch. 28)218
15381538472to get married and Al will work in a garage and they will live in a rental housewhat are Al and Aggie's plans? (Ch. 28)219
15381538473a yearhow long do you have to be in California before you can get relief? (Ch. 29)220
15381538474"as long as the fear turns to wrath"how does this chapter reference the title? (Ch. 29)221
15381538475it floodswhat's happening to the stream as it rains? (Ch. 30)222
15381538476his dead wife's pain crieswhat do Rose of Sharon's birth pain cries remind Uncle John of? (Ch. 30)223
15381538477an apple boxwhere do the Joads put Rose of Sharon's baby after it's born? (Ch. 30)224
15381538478puts it in the waterwhat does Uncle John do with the baby? (Ch. 30)225
15381538479Alwho is the last Joad to leave the family? (Ch. 30)226
15381538480a red geraniumwhat kind of flower does Ruthie pick? (Ch. 30)227
15381538481a boy and his starving fatherwho is also in the barn? (Ch. 30)228
15381538482gives him his breast milkwhat does Rose of Sharon do for the dying man? (Ch. 30)229

AP English Language Glossary Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
14634956175PersonificationThe assigning of human qualities to inanimate objects or concepts. An example: Wordsworth's "the sea that bares her bosom to the moon."0
14634956176Antithesisthe presentation of two contrasting images. The ideas are balanced by phrase, clause, or paragraphs. "To be or not to be . . ." "It was the best of times; it was the worst of times . . ." "Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country . . ."1
14634956177OxymoronFrom the Greek for "pointedly foolish," ___ is a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms. Simple examples include "jumbo shrimp" and "cruel kindness."2
14634956178Sarcasmfrom the Greek meaning "to tear flesh," ___ involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something. It may use irony as a device.3
14634956179Synecdoche. a figure of speech that utilizes a part as representative of the whole. "All hands on deck" is an example.4
14634956180Hyperbolea figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement5
14634956181Anaphorarepetition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row. This is a deliberate form of repetition and helps make the writer's point more coherent.6
14634956182Euphonythe pleasant, mellifluous presentation of sounds in a literary work.7
14634956183ThemeThe central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life. Usually, __ is unstated in fictional works, but in nonfiction, the __ may be directly stated, especially in expository or argumentative writing.8
14634956184Metonomya term from the Greek meaning "changed label" or "substitute name" __ is a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. For example: a news release that claims "The White House declared" rather than "The President declared"9
14634956185ParadoxA statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity.10
14634956186Transitiona word or phrase that links one idea to the next and carries the reader from sentence to sentence, paragraph to paragraph.11
14634956187Onomatopoeiaa figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words. Simple examples include such words as buzz, hiss, hum.12
14634956188Cacophonyharsh and discordant sounds in a line or passage in a literary word.13
14634956189Metaphora direct comparison between dissimilar things. "Your eyes are stars" is an example.14
14634956190Symbolgenerally, anything that represents, stands for, something else. Usually, a ___ is something concrete—such as an object, action, character, or scene—that represents something more abstract.15
14634956191Begging the QuestionOften called circular reasoning, __ occurs when the believability of the evidence depends on the believability of the claim.16
14634956192Invectivean emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language.17
14634956193Understatementthe opposite of exaggeration. It is a technique for developing irony and/or humor where one writes or says less than intended.18
14634956194Either-or reasoningWhen the writer reduces an argument or issue to two polar opposites and ignores any alternatives.19
14634956195HomilyThis term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.20
14634956196PedanticAn adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish.21
14634956197Causal RelationshipIn __, a writer asserts that one thing results from another. To show how one thing produces or brings about another is often relevant in establishing a logical argument.22
14634956198EquivocationWhen a writer uses the same term in two different senses in an argument.23
14634956199ImageryThe sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. On a physical level, __ uses terms related to the five senses; we refer to visual, auditory, tactile, gustatory, or olfactory. For example, a rose may present visual __ while also representing the color in a woman's cheeks.24
14634956200Euphemisma more acceptable and usually more pleasant way of saying something that might be inappropriate or uncomfortable. "He went to his final reward" is a common __ for "he died." They are also used to obscure the reality of the situation.25
14634956201Figure of SpeechA device used to produce figurative language. Many compare dissimilar things. Examples are apostrophe, hyperbole, irony, metaphor, metonomy, oxymoron, paradox, personification, simile, synecdoche, and understatement.26
14634956202IronyThe contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant. The difference between what appears to be and what actually is true.27
14634956203SatireA work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and convention for reform or ridicule. Regardless of whether or not the work aims to reform humans or their society, ___ is best seen as a style of writing rather than a purpose for writing. The effect of __, often humorous, is thought provoking and insightful about the human condition.28
14634956204AlliterationThe repetition of initial consonant sounds, such as "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers."29
14634956205EpigraphThe use of a quotation at the beginning of a work that hints at its theme. Hemingway begins The Sun Also Rises with two. One of them is "You are all a lost generation" by Gertrude Stein.30
14634956206Periodic SentenceA sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. The independent clause is preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone. The effect is to add emphasis and structural variety.31
14634956207NarrativeThe telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events.32
14634956208Ethosan appeal based on the character of the speaker. An __-driven document relies on the reputation of the author.33
14634956209Situational Ironya type of irony in which events turn out the opposite of what was expected.34
14634956210ConsonanceRepetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity.35
14634956211Pathosan appeal based on emotion.36
14634956212SyllogismFrom the Greek for "reckoning together," a __ is a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion.37
14634956213Logosan appeal based on logic or reason38
14634956214Verbal IronyIn this type of irony, the words literally state the opposite of the writer's true meaning39
14634956215AnecdoteA story or brief episode told by the writer or a character to illustrate a point.40
14634956216Abstract LanguageLanguage describing ideas and qualities rather than observable or specific things, people, or places.41
14634956217Ad HominemIn an argument, this is an attack on the person rather than on the opponent's ideas. It comes from the Latin meaning "against the man."42
14634956218Denotationthe literal or dictionary meaning of a word43
14634956219CumulativeSentence which begins with the main idea and then expands on that idea with a series of details or other particulars44
14634956220Dramatic IronyIn this type of irony, facts or events are unknown to a character in a play or a piece of fiction but known to the reader, audience, or other characters in the work45
14634956221ParodyA work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.46
14634956222Connotationthe interpretive level or a word based on its associated images rather than its literal meaning.47
14634956223RepetitionThe duplication, either exact or approximate, or any element of language, such as sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern.48
14634956224SyntaxThe grammatical structure of prose and poetry.49
14634956225AssonanceRepetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity50
14634956226Voicecan refer to two different areas of writing. One refers to the relationship between a sentence's subject and verb (active and passive). The second refers to the total "sound" of the writer's style.51
14634956227InferTo draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented.52
14634956228ArgumentA single assertion or a series of assertions presented and defended by the writer53
14634956229AllusionA reference contained in a work54
14634956230GenreThe major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama.55
14634956231Stream-of-consciousnessThis is a narrative technique that places the reader in the mind and thought process of the narrator, no matter how random and spontaneous that may be.56
14634956232AllegoryA work that functions on a symbolic level57
14634956233ExplicationThe act of interpreting or discovering the meaning of a text. __ usually involves close reading and special attention to figurative language.58
14634956234Parallelismrefers to the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity.59
14634956235SemanticsThe branch of linguistics that studies that meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another.60
14634956236Rhetorical ModesThe flexible term describes the variety, the conventions, and the purposes of the major kinds of writing.61
14634956237Analogya literary device employed to serve as a basis for comparison. It is assumed that what applies to the parallel situation also applies to the original circumstance. In other words, it is the comparison between two different items.62
14634956238Figurative LanguageWriting or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid.63
14634956239Examplean individual instance taken to be representative of a general pattern64
14634956240DescriptionThe purpose of this rhetorical mode is to re-create, invent, or visually present a person, place, event, or action so that the reader can picture that being described. Sometimes an author engages all five senses.65
14634956241Narrative DeviceThis term describes the tools of the storyteller, such as ordering events to that they build to climatic movement or withholding information until a crucial or appropriate moment when revealing in creates a desired effect.66
14634956242Ethical AppealWhen a writer tries to persuade the audience to respect and believe him or her based on a presentation of image of self through the text.67
14634956243ExpositionThe purpose of this rhetorical mode is to explain and analyze information by presenting an idea, relevant evidence, and appropriate discussion.68
14634956244Attitudethe relationship an author has toward his or her subject, and/or his or her audience69
14634956245BackingSupport or evidence for a claim in an argument70
14634956246EllipsisIndicated by a series of three periods, the __ indicates that some material has been omitted from a given text.71
14634956247ArgumentationThe purpose of this rhetorical mode is to prove the validity of an idea, or point of view, by presenting sound reasoning, discussion, and argument that thoroughly convince the reader.72
14634956248Didacticwriting whose purpose is to instruct or to teach. A ___ work is usually formal and focuses on moral or ethical concerns.73
14634956249Ambiguityan event or situation that may be interpreted in more than one way.74
14634956250NarrationThe purpose of this type of rhetorical mode is to tell the story or narrate an event or series of events.75
14634956251Rhetoricfrom the Greek for "orator," this term describes the principle governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively.76
14634956252Third Person Limited OmniscientThis type of point of view presents the feelings and thoughts of only one character, presenting only the actions of all remaining characters77
14634956253Third Person OmniscientIn ___, the narrator, with a godlike knowledge, presents the thoughts and actions of any or all characters.78
14634956254Comic Reliefthe inclusion of a humorous character or scene to contrast with the tragic elements of a work, thereby intensifying the next tragic event.79
14634956255Characterthose who carry out the action of the plot in literature. Major, minor, static, and dynamic are the types.80
14634956256Colloquialthe use of slang in writing, often to create local color and to provide an informal tone. Huckleberry Finn in written in a __ style.81
14634956257Antecedentthe word, phrase, or clause to which a pronoun refers.82
14634956258Stylean evaluation of the sum of the choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices.83
14634956259ThesisThe sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or proposition.84
14634956260AuthorityArguments that draw on recognized experts or persons with highly relevant experience.85
14634956261ChiasmusArrangement of repeated thoughts in the pattern of X Y Y X. It is often short and summarizes a main idea.86
14634956262Deconstructiona critical approach that debunks single definitions of meaning based on the instability of language. It "is not a dismantling of a structure of a text, but a demonstration that it has already dismantled itself."87
14634956263Balancea situation in which all parts of the presentation are equal, whether in sentences or paragraphs or sections of a longer work.88
14634956264Conflicta clash between opposing forces in a literary work, such as man vs. man; man vs. nature; man vs. God; man vs. self89
14634956265ToneSimilar to mood, __ describes the author's attitude toward his or her material, the audience, or both.90
14634956266ProseOne of the major divisions of genre, ___ refers to fiction and nonfiction, including all its forms, because they are written in ordinary language and most closely resemble everyday speech.91
14634956267Dialectthe recreation of regional spoken language, such as a Southern one. Hurston uses this in Their Eyes Were Watching God.92
14634956268AsyndetonCommas used (with no conjunction) to separate a series of words. The parts are emphasized equally when the conjunction is omitted; in addition, the use of commas with no intervening conjunction speeds up the flow of the sentence. X, Y, Z as opposed to X, Y, and Z.93
14634956269WitIn modern usage, intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights. Usually uses terse language that makes a pointed statement.94
14634956270Point of ViewIn literature, the perspective from which a story is told.95
14634956271DeductionThe process of moving from a general rule to a specific example.96
14634956272Annotationexplanatory notes added to a text to explain, cite sources, or give bibliographical data.97
14634956273MoodThis term has two distinct technical meanings in English writing. The first meaning is grammatical and deals with verbal units and a speaker's attitude. The second meaning is literary, meaning the prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work.98
14634956274Dictionthe author's choice of words that creates tone, attitude, and style, as well as meaning99

AP English Language terms Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
14689464894ThesisA sentence that succinctly states a writers/speakers main point0
14689464895StanceA speakers/writers attitude toward the topic and the audience1
14689464896ClaimA statement that asserts a belief or truth; most claims require supporting evidence2
14689464897GroundsThe evidence used to support a claim such as facts, data, statistics, testimony, and examples3
14689464898WarrantA statement that establishes the logical connection between a claim and its supporting reason4
14689464899BackingThe evidence provided to support a warrant5
14689464900QualifiersWords are phrases that limit the scope of a claim6
14689464901AuthorityThe quality conveyed by the writer/speaker who is knowledgeable about his/her subject and confident in that knowledge7
14689464902conditions of rebuttalThe potential objections to an argument8
14689464903RubuttalAnd answer that challenges or refute a specific claim or charge, sometimes offered by the writers/speakers who anticipate an objection9
14689464904RhetoricThe art of persuasion in Britain in speaking modes10
14689464905GenreThe category used to persuade: biography, autobiography, speech, narrative, editorial, blog, etc11

AP language terms 2 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
14973870097denotationthe literal meaning of a word, no feeling.0
14973879715dictionA writer's or speaker's choice of words1
14973883467epistrophethe repetition of a word at the end of successive clauses or sentences2
14973889371euphemismAn indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant3
14973904902extended metaphorA metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.4
14973909252figurative languageWriting or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid.5
14973927280figure of speechA device used to produce figurative language. Many compare dissimilar things.6
14973944493generic conventionsThis term describes traditions for each genre. These conventions help to define each genre; for example, they differentiate an essay and journalistic writing or an autobiography and political writing. On the AP language exam, try to distinguish the unique features of a writer's work from those dictated by convention.7
14973953748genreThe major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama.8
14973980019homilyThis term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.9
14973990331imageryThe sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. Related to the five senses.10
14974008339hyperboleA figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement.11

ap history Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
14937436840what are three ways scale can be representedverbal scale, representative scale, graphics scale0
14937443521conformalshape is perserved1
14937445310equal areaprojection preserve area2
14937449571compromiseprojections preserve neither shape nor area but instead balances shape and area distortions3
14937457570equidistantdistances is preserved4
14937461324formal regionnot all regions are the same type. some are marked by visible uniformity5
14937471778Functional Regionthe product of interactions, of movement of various kinds6
14937480906perceptual regionsintellectual constructs designed by individuals to better understand the phenomena in human geography7
14937490178Distance Decaythe acceptance of an innovation become less likely the longer it takes to reach adopters8
14937499325Expasion diffusionan innovation or idea in a hearth and remains strong while also spreading9
14937508009thematic mapsused to decide a single "theme" such as population density, agricultural productivity, or annual precipitation10
14937518643isoline mapsused to portray quantities such as climate variants such as precipitation and temperature11
14937526126proportional symbols mapsportray numerical quantities such as total population of each state, total value of agricultural goods produced in a region.12
14937532174flow line mapsshows places between location13
14937537885choropleth mapsrepresents countries or states, represents different quantities in each area. show usually rates, percentages, or densities14
14937552566cartogramsthe size in each area, such as a country, make its proportional its population15

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