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AP Spanish Literature Literary Terms Flashcards

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10420905481vocalesa e i o u0
10420905482diptongola unión de dos vocales (un fuerte y un débil) en la misma sílaba1
10420905483sinéresisla unión de dos vocales fuertes- ea, oa, eo2
10420905484sinalefala unión de la última sílaba de una palabra con la primera de la otra3
10420905485llanaacento en la penúltima sílaba (gato)4
10420905486agudaacento en la última sílaba (nutrición)5
10420905487esdrújulaacento en la antepenúltimo sílaba (sílaba)6
10420905488tetrasílabo4 sílabas por un verso7
10420905489hexasílabo6 sílabas por un verso8
10420905490heptasílabo7 sílabas por un verso9
10420905491eneasílabo9 sílabas por un verso10
10420905492decasílabo10 sílabas por un verso11
10420905493endecasílabo11 sílabas por un verso12
10420905494dodecasílabo12 sílabas por un verso13
10420905495alejandrino14 sílabas por un verso14
10420905496apartetérmino técnico de la obra en que un actor dice cosas a la audencia que no debe saber15
10420905497apóstrofedirigirse a una persona o objecto como si pudiera responder16
10420905498arquetipoejemplo, modelo o símbolo típico17
10420905499arte mayorversos con 9 o más sílabas18
10420905500arte menorversos con 8 o menos sílabas19
10420905501carpe diemdebe gozar la vida cuando puede20
10420905502cesuraabertura al medio de un verso21
10420905503elipsis.... en una cita o dejar fuera palabras necesarias22
10420905504encabalgamientocontinuación de un pensamiento de un verso al próximo23
10420905505epopeyapoesía épica de un heroe legendario o histórico24
10420905506epítetoadjectivso que no son necesarios pero resaltan un rasgo importante (el frío del invierno)25
10420905507estribillorefrán o versos repetidos por todo el poema26
10420905508exposiciónel inicio del cuento en que los personajes y el escenario son establecidos27
10420905509hamartia, falla trágicaerror fatal/pecado que causa lástima irreparable28
10420905510hipérbatonalteration to the typical order of words in a sentence (De pronto la luz yo vi)29
10420905511in media resempezando en la mitad de la acción30
10420905512metonimiacall something by a trait/concept it is associated with31
10420905513onomatopeyausar palabras para imitar un sonido32
10420905514paradojaunión de ideas irreconciliables33
10420905515pareadoestrofa de dos versos rimados34
10420905516parodiaimitación exagerada de algo para efecto cómico35
10420905517prefiguraciónforeshadowing36
10420905518rima asonantesólo riman los vocales37
10420905519rima consonanterima perfecta en que los últimos sílabos/sonidos totales riman38
10420905520sinécdoquea term for a part of something refers to the whole of something, or vice versa (bread and butter for living)39
10420905521sonetopoema con 14 versos y estructura rígida40
10420905522alegoríastory interpreted to reveal a deeper meaning41
10420905523hemistiquiouna mitad de un verso después o antes de una cesura, para indicar tensión o sorpresa42
10420905524justicia poéticaun personaje está castigado o recompensado por sus acciones, por el destino/sino43
10420905525la métricalas regularidades que caracterizan a un poema44
10420905526retruécanojuego de palabras que tienen sonidos similares (pagar por la peca, pecar por la paga)45
10420905527polifoníanarativo con varias perspectivas46
10420905528odapoema elevado que discute un sujecto específico47
10420905529pregunta retóricarhetorical question48
10420905530ritmopatrones en el lenguaje poético49
10420905531cuartetouna estrofa de cuatro versos de arte mayor con rima asonante ABBA50
10420905532apologíapanegírico (eulogy), discurso que defende a una persona o un idealogía51
10420905533caricaturaobra que exagera a su sujecto52
10420905534cromatismousar colores por las emociones53
10420905535desdoblamientoseparación de una cosa a dos partas, como una manifestasción de dos o más personalidades de una persona54
10420905536leitmotivrepetición de una palabra, frase, o idea en una obra55
10420905537metaficciónel autor rompe la ilusión de realidad por referir a la irrealidad de la obra56
10420905538sátiraobra que se burla de su subjecto57
10420905539narrativa epistolarun obra escrita por cartes de varias autores58
10420905540narrador fidedignonarrador fiable que dice los hechos en un cuento59
10420905541narrador no fidedignonarrador poco fiable que malinterpreta a los motivos/acciones de los caracters y ofrece información voluble (ruptura entre el narrador y el autor)60
10420905542narrador testigonarrador que no participa en el cuento pero lo presencia en la primera persona con comentario61
10420905543narratariola persona a que el narrador dirige el texto62
10420905544parábolacuento educacional que tiene una lección para la vida63
10420905545diéresisseparación de un diptongo64
10420905546hiatoseparación de una sinalefa65
10420905547verso blancoverso sin rima en un poema con un rima fija66
10420905548verso libretipo de verso en una poema que no tiene rima o métri67
10420905549polimetríael uso de varias formas métricas en un poema68
10420905550silvaversos de 7 y 11 sílabas69
10420905551anagnórisismomento en que un personaje entiende algo fundamental de su caracter, la vida, o su situación70
10420905552catarsissentido de liberación o purificación71
10420905553cacofoníapalabras que unen a sonidos desagradables72
10420905554sinestesiacambiar varias sensaciones en una acción (ver sonidos, oír colores)73
10420905555conceptismomovimiento literario del época barroca que se caracteriza con juegos de palabras, paradojas, y la expresión sucinta74
10420905556culteranismogongorismo, movimiento literario que se caracteriza con metáforas sopredentes, jerga exagerada, y complejidad de sintaxis75
10420905557memento morirecuerdas que morirás, la mortalidad de ser humano76
10420905558barrococonceptismo, culteranismo; influencia italiana; temas incluyen la crítica social; Quevedo y Góngora y Tirso de Molina77
10420905559perífrasisutilizar más palabras que las necesarias para describer algo78
10420905560redondillaestrofa de cuatro versos octasílabos con rima, arte menor (no como un cuarteto)79
10420905561enumeraciónhacer una lista para resaltar un rasgo/una causa importante80
10420905562Boom latinoamericanoel trabajo de autores jovenes latinoamericános fue conocido por todo el mundo durante los años 60 y 70, Cortázar, García Márquez, y Fuentes81
10420905563la edad mediaobras escritas por anónimos, critica la corrupción del clero82
10420905564modernismorebelión literaria, refinamiento narcisista y aristocrática, y cambios fundamentales en la rima y la métrica; Rubén Darío83
10420905565Renacimientohumanismo, amor, versos tradicionales con lírica italiana; Garcilaso de la Vega84
10420905566líricael autor transmite sentimientos, emociones o sensaciones respecto a una persona u objeto de inspiración; Garcilaso de la Vega85
10420905567naturalismogénero que documenta la vida cotidania, tanto en sus aspectos más sublimes que en sus más vulgares; Pardo Bazán86
10420905568Siglo de Oroépoca de Cervantes, Quevedo, y Góngora; influencia de Garcilaso de la Vega; la Reconquista y la dominación español de las Américas87
10420905569tres unidadesreglas diseñadas para el teatro; la obra debe ser enfocada en la ACCIÓN central, en un TIEMPO de menos de un día, en sólo un LUGAR88
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AP Literature Review Terms Flashcards

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8443309603allegorystory or poem that can be used to reveal a hidden meaning0
8443309604alliterationbeginning of same letter or sound in closely connected words1
8443309605allusionindirect of passing reference2
8443309606anaphorarepetition in first part of a sentence , to have an artistic meaning3
8443309607antagonista hostile person who is opposed to another character4
8443309608apostrophefigure of speech used to adresss an imaginary character5
8443309609assonancerepetition of vowel sounds6
8443309610flat characterstory character who have no depth, usually has one personality or characteristic7
8443309611round charactercharacter who has complex personality: contradicted person8
8443309612dynamic characterchanges throughout the story, through major conflict9
8443309613static characterperson who doesn't change throughout story keeps same personality10
8443309614characterizationprocess of revealing characters personality11
8443309615climaxpoint where conflict hits its highest point12
8443309616comedydrama that is amusing or funny13
8443309617conflictstruggle between opposing forces14
8443309618connotationsecondary meaning to a word15
8443309619consonancerepetition of same consonant in words close together16
8443309620couplettwo rhyming lines in a verse17
8443309621denotationthe literal meaning of a word18
8443309622denouementfinal outcome of the story19
8443309623figurative languageLanguage that cannot be taken literally since it was written to create a special effect or feeling.20
8443309624imageryDescription that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)21
8443309625ironyA contrast between expectation and reality22
8443309626verbal ironyA figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant23
8443309627dramatic ironyIrony that occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play.24
8443309628irony of situationrefers to an occurrence that is contrary to what is expected or intended25
8443309629metaphorA comparison without using like or as26
8443309630metonymyA figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it27
8443309631motivationA need or desire that energizes and directs behavior28
8443309632narratorPerson telling the story29
8443309633onomatopoeiaA word that imitates the sound it represents.30
8443309634hyperboleA figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor31
8443309635oxymoronA figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.32
8443309636paradoxA contradiction or dilemma33
8443309637personificationA figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes34
8443309638plotSequence of events in a story35
8443309639omniscient point of viewThe point of view where the narrator knows everything about the characters and their problems - told in the 3rd person.36
8443309640third person limited point of viewnarrator tells the story from only one character's pov37
8443309641first person point of viewa character in the story is actually telling the story himself/herself38
8443309642objective point of viewa narrator who is totally impersonal and objective tells the story, with no comment on any characters or events.39
8443309643protagonistMain character40
8443309644quatrainA four line stanza41
8443309645satireA literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies.42
8443309646soliloquyA long speech expressing the thoughts of a character alone on stage43
8443309647stream of consciousnessprivate thoughts of a character without commentary44
8443309648symbolA thing that represents or stands for something else45
8443309649synecdochea figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa46
8443309650themeCentral idea of a work of literature47
8443309651toneAttitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character48
8443309652tragedyA serious form of drama dealing with the downfall of a heroic or noble character49
8443309653understatementthe deliberate representation of something as lesser in magnitude than it actually is; a deliberate under-emphasis50
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AP World History Chapter 21 Flashcards

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6010194367Which of the following was NOT one of the early modern Islamic empires?C) Abbasid0
6010197019Prior to the Mongol invasions of their empire, the Abbasid dynasty was dominated byC) the Seljuk Turks.1
6010197020The original base of the Ottoman Turks wasD) Anatolia.2
6010199054Following the invasions of Timur, the Ottoman Empire was restored underC) Mehmed II.3
6010199055The Ottomans conquered Constantinople and ended the Byzantine Empire inC) 1453.4
6010210315Which of the following statements concerning Ottoman naval power is most accurate?B) Powerful Ottoman galley fleets captured major island bases in the eastern Mediterranean, but were unable to prevent Western advances in the Indian Ocean.5
6010210316The Janissaries wereC) slave troops of the Ottomans forcibly conscripted as adolescents from conquered territories.6
6010212320What permitted the Janissaries to gain a position of prominence in the Ottoman Empire?A) Their control of artillery and firearms gave them prominence over the aristocratic Turkish cavalry.7
6010214475The head of the Ottoman central bureaucracy was theA) vizier.8
6010214476What was the principle of succession within the Ottoman Empire?A) Like earlier Islamic dynasties, the Ottoman Empire lacked a principle of succession, a fact that led to protracted warfare among prospective successors.9
6010218768One of the most beautiful of the Ottoman mosques of Constantinople was theD) Su¨leymaniye.10
6010218769What did the Ottomans do to Constantinople following its fall in 1453?C) Soon after its conquest, the Ottoman sultan undertook the restoration and beautification of Constantinople.11
6010223375In what way were the artisans of Constantinople similar to their counterparts in the West?B) Like their counterparts in medieval European towns, the artisans were organized into guilds.12
6010225888What was the chosen language of the Ottoman court?D) Turkish13
6010225889How did the Ottoman dynasty compare to other ruling families?A) The Ottoman dynasty lasted for over 600 years.a feat matched by no other ruling family.14
6010225890Which of the following was NOT a cause for the decline of the Ottoman Empire?D) The addition of European military technology such as light artillery made the Janissaries so powerful that they could challenge the authority of the sultan.15
6010230665On the sea, the Ottoman galleys were eclipsed by Western naval power as early as theC) 16th century.16
6010230666What European nation first threatened the Ottoman monopoly of trade with east Africa and India?B) Portugal17
6010232768Which of the following was NOT a result of the Ottoman loss of monopoly over the Indian trade?D) Bullion caused by a negative balance of trade flowed out of the Ottoman Empire to the West.18
6010232769Which of the following groups represented such extreme conservatism within the Ottoman Empire that reform was frustrated?A) Janissaries19
6010235103Which of the following represents a difference between the declines of the Abbasids and the Ottomans?D) The Ottomans were at a much greater disadvantage as a result of the more potent threat from the West.20
6010235104Which of the following represents a difference between the origins of the Ottomans and the Safavids?A) The Safavids originated from a Turkish nomadic group.21
6010237270The center of the Safavid Empire was the modern-day state ofD) Iran.22
6010237271The Safavid dynasty had its origins in the 14th century in a family devoted to what variant of Islam?C) Sufi23
6010239136In what year was the first Safavid declared shah?B) 150124
6010239137Followers of the Safavids' followers wereA) Red Heads.25
6010239138The first Safavid shah wasD) Isma'il.26
6010241264Why was the battle of Chaldiran in 1514 so important?B) The Safavids were dealt a devastating defeat that checked the westward advance of Shi'ism and decimated the ranks of the Turkic warriors who had built the Safavid empire.27
6010241265The Safavid Empire reached its greatest extent under ShahC) Isma'il.28
6010241266What was the status of the Turkish chiefs under the Safavid shahs?C) Like the Ottomans, the Turkish chiefs were gradually transformed into a warrior nobility with assigned villages and peasant labor.29
6010243802After Chaldiran, the official language of the Safavid empire becameB) Persian.30
6010243803The capital of the Safavid empire under Abbas the Great wasD) Isfahan.31
6010243804How did the Savafid economy compare to that of the Ottomans?B) The Ottoman Empire benefitted in the short run from non-Muslim traders (Christians and Jews) who had extensive contacts with overseas empires that the Safavid Empire lacked.32
6010246497What led to the rapid demise of the Safavid Empire?A) Like the Ottoman Empire, the lack of a principle of succession led Abbas the Great to eliminate all capable rivals, leaving no capable ruler following his death.33
6010246498The immediate successor of the Safavid dynasty in Persia wasD) Nadir Khan Afshar.34
6010246499The founder of the Mughal dynasty wasC) Babur.35
6010249137The first Mughal emperor successfully defeated the Muslim ruler of the Lodi dynasty in 1526 at the battle ofD) Panipat.36
6010249138Which of the following descriptions of the accomplishments of Babur is NOT accurate?C) He reformed the ineffective Lodi bureaucracy to create a streamlined administration.37
6010249194Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the reign of Humayan?C) Despite the seeming stability of Babur's reign, his son Humayan was exiled by 1540 and forced to fight to restore the Mughal rule.38
6010252181Which of the following statements concerning the reign of Akbar is NOT accurate?D) He attempted to purify Islam by removing Hindu influences.39
6010252182What was the critical feature of Akbar's new religion, the Din-i-Ilahi?A) It attempted to blend elements of the many faiths with which he was familiar as a means of reconciling Hindus and Muslims.40
6010255378What was the outcome of the Din-i-Ilahi?D) By Akbar's death in 1605, the Din-i-Ilahi was rejected by both Muslims and Hindus.41
6010258552Which of the following statements concerning the economy of the Mughal Empire is most accurate?C) European traders brought products from throughout Asia to exchange for the subcontinent's famed cotton textiles.42
6010258553What was the state of the Mughal dynasty at the outset of the reign of Aurangzeb?D) The Mughal bureaucracy was bloated and corrupt, the army was backward in weaponry and tactics, and the peasants and artisans had seen living standards fall.43
6010260975What was the impact of Aurangzeb's religious policies?A) Aurangzeb's religious policies gravely weakened the internal alliances between Hindus and Muslims and disrupted the social peace that Akbar had established.44
6010260976What was the state of the Mughal Empire following Aurangzeb's death in 1707?C) The empire was far larger than earlier, but control and state revenues passed increasingly to regional lords who gave little more than tribute payments to the emperors.45
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AP World History Chapter 16 Flashcards

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6010458852How was the global trade network of the 15th century different from that of previous eras?C) In previous eras, most attention was given to the development of larger regional economies and cultural zones, rather than a truly global network.0
6010458853Which of the following was one of the first new areas brought into the global commercial network after 1450?B) The Americas1
6010460787What region of the world became the dominant culture in the period after 1450?B) The West2
6010460788Which of the following was NOT a technological improvement introduced during the 15th century in the West?C) Lateen sails3
6010463501The initiative for Western exploration and conquest came from the kingdom ofA) Portugal.4
6010471707What noble was responsible for initiating a series of expeditions along the African coast and outward to the Azores in the 15th century?A) Prince Henry the Navigator5
6010471708The first Portuguese fleet rounded the Cape of Good Hope inC) 1488.6
6010473723The captain of the first Portuguese fleet to reach India wasB) Vasco da Gama.7
6010473724What region in the Americas was claimed by Portugal?D) Brazil8
6010473725What land was claimed for Spain as the result of Ferdinand Magellan's circumnavigation of the globe beginning in 1519?A) Philippines9
6010477630What Italian captain sailing for the monarchs of Spain reached the Americas in 1492?D) Christopher Columbus10
6010477631Why did the initiative in early conquest and exploration pass to northern European nations in the later 16th century?B) The Dutch and the British improved the design of oceanic vessels, producing faster ships than their Catholic rivals.11
6010479367What was the purpose of the early English voyages to North America?C) To discover a northwest passage to India12
6010479368In what region of the world did the Dutch challenge the Portuguese for commercial dominance?B) Indonesia13
6010481654In what way were the early Dutch and British exploration and trade projects different from those of the Iberian nations?B) Dutch and British exploration owed much to private initiative of merchant groups and the formation of chartered trading companies.14
6010481655What British commercial institution ruled India for much of the 18th century?B) The British East India Company15
6010484914As part of the "Colombian Exchange," which of the following was a European contribution to the Americas?C) Horses16
6010484915What is the most accepted figure for the percentage of the population of American Indians who died following the European colonization?D) Over 50 percent17
6010487471Which of the following was NOT a crop imported into Europe as a result of the "Colombian Exchange"?C) Millet18
6010487472What was the impact of the introduction of American crops into Europe?A) The introduction of corn and the potato led to major population growth in Europe.19
6010487473Which of the following areas of trade was NOT dominated by the West after the establishment of a global trading network in the 17th century?C) The Indian Ocean20
6010514413A Spanish-led fleet defeated the Ottoman Empire in 1571 at the battle ofB) Lepanto.21
6010517859Despite Japan's official policy of isolation, the Dutch were able to gain special access to the port ofD) Nagasaki.22
6010522165Which of the following statements best accounts for the Spanish failure to hold a position of dominance in world trade?D) Spain's internal economy and banking system were not sufficient to accommodate the bullion from the new world and lacked significant manufacturing capability.23
6010522166What economic policy encouraged the development of colonies, particularly by northern Europe countries?A) Mercantilism24
6010524630The dominant commercial nations of northern Europe comprised the __________ zone of the world economy.B) core25
6010524631Which of the following regions were dependents to the core zone of the global trade network?D) Sub-Saharan Africa26
6010527252Dependence in the world economy and the consequent need to produce unprocessed goods cheaply led to the development of __________ labor systems.C) coercive27
6010527253Which of the following statements most accurately describes the impact of the development of core-dependent economic zones on state formation?A) Forced labor and European influence tended to generate weak governments in dependent regions, while increased trade revenues tended to generate increasing government strength in core states.28
6010529963Which of the following statements concerning the relationship between Asian civilizations and the world commercial network of the 16th and 17th centuries is NOT accurate?D) China was able, thanks to the existence of its coastal navy, to prevent the establishment of European ports.29
6010532430Which of the following Western trade goods was of most interest to the Japanese?A) Gunnery30
6010532431Which of the following civilizations was fully part of the global trading network in the 16th century?C) China31
6010535065What was the nature of the trade between eastern and western Europe in the 17th century?A) Western Europe imported grain in increasing amounts from eastern Europe in return for art objects and manufactured goods.32
6010535066In what year did Spanish settlement of the American mainland begin?B) 150933
6010536839Where was the first Spanish colony on the American mainland?B) Panama34
6010536840Which of the following regions was NOT part of the Spanish colonial empire?D) Brazil35
6010538796The British were able to oust the French from India following theD) Seven Years War.36
6010538797The most important Dutch colony in Africa was located onC) the Cape of Good Hope.37
6010538798The British East India Company through negotiation with local Mughal princes gained a station atB) Calcutta.38
6010541716In Asia, significant conversion to ChristianityA) occurred only in the northern Philippines.39
6010541717In which of the following regions was European settlement a significant factor in the establishment of colonies?C) Dutch South Africa40
6010541718Which of the following represents an impact on western Europe from the development of colonies?C) The use of colonially produced sugar spread widely in Europe, particularly in countries with relatively cold climates.41
6010544364In which of the following colonies did a deeper appreciation of Western institutions and values take place?B) French and British colonies of North America42
6010544365As a result of what treaty did the French lose their colony in North America to the British?B) Treaty of Paris, 176343
6010547112Why did the southern colonies of the Atlantic seaboard win importance before those farther north?D) Cultivation of cash crops produced by coercive labor emerged there.44
6010547113Which of the following statements concerning the interaction of North American colonists with the Indians is most accurate?A) Colonists interacted with Indians, learned from them, and misused them, but did not forge a new cultural grouping as occurred in much of Latin America.45
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AP World History Chapter 19 Flashcards

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6010861186Which of the following was NOT characteristic of Iberian societyB) Absence of slaveholding traditions0
6010861187How was the commercial experience of the Portuguese extended to the AmericasC) The Portuguese experience in Africa and their involvement in slave trading was extended to the Americas.1
6010863241Where in the Americas did the Spanish first create the models that were applied throughout their possessions in the New WorldD) The Caribbean2
6010863242The first Spanish colony in the New World was established onA) Hispaniola.3
6010865109The most important Spanish settlement in the Caribbean during the 16th century wasB) Santo Domingo4
6010871728The grants of Indians to individual Spaniards as a labor system were calledC) encomiendas.5
6010871729What group of Indians supplied agricultural labor for the Spaniards in the CaribbeanD) Taino6
6010871730How did Caribbean cities differ from those of EuropeA) American cities were laid out in a grid plan.7
6010876699The Dominican friar Bartolome´de Las Casas, a conquistador-turned-priestB) became an ardent supporter of conversion of Indians and an advocate of Indian rights.8
6010876700The man responsible for the conquest of the Aztec empire in Mexico wasC) Hernan Corte´s.9
6010882003Which of the following statements concerning the men who conquered much of Latin America for Spain is NOT accurateB) Leadership was based on reputation and past achievement.10
6010882004All of the following were advantages the Spanish enjoyed over the Indians EXCEPTD) the failure of nomadic tribes to mount significant resistance to conquest.11
6010882005What accounted for the majority of the population loss suffered by Native Americans after the European arrivalC) Epidemic diseases12
6010889565The tremendous decline of the Indian population in Mexico was matched by the rapid increase inB) European livestock.13
6010889566Which of the following Indian institutions was retained by the Spanish in Mexico and Peru to serve European administrative purposesC) The Indian nobility14
6010891787Why were the encomiendas discontinued by the 1620sA) The Spanish crown was unwilling to see the growth of a new nobility and the decline of the Indian population made them less attractive.15
6010891788The colonial governments replaced the labor of the encomienda with Indian labor extracted through local officials. Such forced labor was called theB) mita.16
6010894711Which of the following statements most accurately describes the nature of the economy in Spanish AmericaB) Although the majority of people were engaged in agriculture, the whole Spanish commercial system was organized around the mining economy.17
6010894712The greatest silver mine in Spanish America was located atD) Potosi´.18
6010897592Why was the discovery of mercury in Peru critical to the colonial economyC) Mercury was indispensable to the extraction of silver from ore-bearing rock.19
6010897593Because of the switch from indigenous methods of mining to the extraction of silver through a process of amalgamation with mercury, silver production in the Americas expanded rapidly afterB) 1580.20
6010899972Which of the following statements concerning the agricultural system of Spanish America is NOT accurateC) Plantation crops like sugar and later cacao were exported to Europe in sufficient quantities to exceed the value of bullion exports.21
6010899973Which of the following statements concerning the Spanish commercial system is most accurateA) The merchant guild in Seville had virtual monopoly rights over goods shipped to America and handled much of the silver received in return until the 18th century22
6010901704The Spanish convoy system that controlled trade with the Americas was made possible by the development ofB) galleons.23
6010901705In what way did the importation of American bullion negatively affect the Spanish economyD) The arrival of American treasure contributed to a sharp rise in prices and a general inflation.24
6010904074The Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494 divided the world into spheres of influence belonging toA) Portugal and Castile.25
6010904075What group of people was most critical to the bureaucratic administration of the Spanish colonies in AmericaC) University-trained lawyers26
6010906363The law code that became the basis of law in the Indies was called theB) Recopilacion.27
6010906364The vice royalties of New Spain and Peru were divided into 10 judicial divisions controlled by superior courts, orB) audiencias.28
6010908067The Catholic Church introduced all of the following to American life EXCEPTC) the sense of independence from the state.29
6010909694What American colony became the first major plantation zone, organized to produce a tropical crop demanded in EuropeB) Brazil30
6010911830The first landfall in the colony of Brazil took place in 1500 under the leadership ofD) Pedro Alvares Cabral.31
6010911831Between 1532 and 1549, colonization in Brazil was in the hands of minor Portuguese nobles granted strips of land calledB) captaincies.32
6010914070By 1700, slaves comprised approximately what proportion of the Brazilian populationC) One half33
6010915885The Brazilian model of a plantation colony was later followed in the 18th century by other European nations inD) the Caribbean.34
6010915886What was the primary difference between the Spanish and Portuguese empiresC) Unlike the Spanish empire that was almost exclusively American, the Portuguese empire included colonies and outposts in Asia and Africa as well as Brazil.35
6010917824What conditions undercut the position of the Brazilian sugar plantation economyB) Competition from English, French, and Dutch plantation colonies in the Caribbean led to rising prices for slaves and falling prices for sugar.36
6010917825In what region was gold discovered in Brazil in 1695C) Minas Gerais37
6010920822What port was associated with the discovery of gold in Brazil and subsequently became the capital of the colonyD) Rio de Janeiro38
6010920823What was the negative impact of the discovery of gold on PortugalA) Portugal failed to develop internal industries because the supply of gold allowed the Portuguese to purchase manufactured goods from other European countries.39
6010923049What was the basis for the social hierarchy that developed in the AmericasC) Racial origins40
6010923050What Spanish dynasty was responsible for the series of 18th-century reforms that recast the colonial administration of the AmericasA) Bourbon41
6010925296The Minister of the Indies responsible for the 18th-century reforms within the Spanish empire wasD) Jose´de Ga´lvez.42
6010925297Which of the following statements concerning the 18th-century Spanish reforms in America is most accurateC) The French Intendancy system was introduced but the traditional patterns of influence and power among the Creole bureaucrats was disrupted.43
6010929053Which of the following was NOT an impact of the Bourbon reforms on colonial economyD) The frontiers of Spanish America became fixed44
6010929054The minister responsible for the 18th-century reforms in Portugal and Brazil wasB) the Marquis of Pombal.45
6010931427What was the impact of the 18th-century reforms on slavery in BrazilD) Brazil remained as profoundly based on slavery in the late 18th century as it had ever been.46
6010931428Which of the following statements most accurately describes the state of the Portuguese and Spanish American colonies by the middle of the 18th centuryC) The American colonies of Spain and Portugal were experiencing considerable growth in population and productive capacity.47
6010933541Who was the leader of the Indian revolution in Peru in 1781C) Tupac Amaru48
6010934342What accounts for the general failure of 18th century colonial revolutions against Spanish and Portuguese ruleA) The various racial and social groups, fearful of unsettling the social hierarchy, failed to work together to unseat the colonial governments.49
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ap language vocal 3 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
10819758265arrogantoverbearing proud0
10819761804braggartone who boasts1
10819768939complacentself satisfied2
10819777181contemptuouslacking respect scornful3
10819786837disdainfulfull of bitter scorn and pride; aloof4
10819790474egotisticalvery conceited5
10819800976haughtyhaving great pride in oneself and dislike for others6
10819807903insolentboldly disrespectful in speech or behavior7
10819819037narcissisticextreme self-adoration and a feeling of superiority8
10819830314ostentatiousshowing off9
10819850851presumptuousto forward or bold10
10819868292pretentiousclaiming importance11
10819875600superciliouslooking down on others; proud and scornful12
10819887572swaggerTo walk around in a proud, showy manner; to boast in a loud manner13
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