AP US History Test Review Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 6248742767 | Installment Plans | Companies used advertisement to get people to buy goods over an extended period of time, without having to put down very much money at the time of purchase. With this plan people could purchase automobile, household appliances, homes, furniture, and other items. | 0 | |
| 6248742768 | Bonus Army | Thousands of World War I veterans, who insisted on immediate payment of their bonus certificates, marched on Washington in 1932; violence ensued when President Herbert Hoover ordered their tent villages cleared. | 1 | |
| 6248746286 | National Origins Act 1924 | Severely restricted immigration by establishing a system of national quotas that blatantly discriminated against immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and virtually excluded Asians. | 2 | |
| 6248749568 | Roosevelt's Court Packing Plan | Roosevelt's proposal in 1937 to "reform" the Supreme Court by appointing an additional justice for every justice over age of 70; following the Court's actions in striking down major New Deal laws, FDR came to believe that some justices were out of touch with the nation's needs. Congress believed Roosevelt's proposal endangered the Court's independence and said no. | 3 | |
| 6248751346 | Agricultural Adjustment Act | New Deal legislation that established the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) to improve agricultural prices by limiting market supplies; declared unconstitutional in United States V. Butler (1936). | 4 | |
| 6248751347 | Manhattan Project | Research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada. | 5 | |
| 6248754407 | Huey Long | "The Kingfish" began political career in Louisiana where he developed a reputation for being an unscrupulous reformer. As a U.S. senator, he became a critic of President Roosevelt's New Deal Plan and offered his alternative called the Share-the-Wealth program, assassinated in 1935. | 6 | |
| 6248758327 | The Lend Lease Act | Permitted the United States to lend or lease arms and other supplies to the Allies, signifying increasing likelihood of American involvement in World War II. | 7 | |
| 6248760747 | Harding's "return to normalcy" | Republican nominee, campaigned on the promise of a "return to normalcy," which would mean a return to conservative values and a turning away from Presidents Wilson's internationalism. | 8 | |
| 6248765312 | Effects of the radio | Served as the basic communication until 1920. Companies like, National Broadcasting Company(NBC), Radio Corporation of America(RCA), Columbia Broadcasting System(CBS) would broadcast. News, commercials, and sports heard by everyone. | 9 | |
| 6248769495 | Characteristics of Republican Presidents of the 1920s | Focused on big business and making money. Republican policies generally gave corporations free rein, raised protective tariffs, and cut taxes for the rich. | 10 | |
| 6248769496 | Wagner Act | Gave workers the right to bargain through unions of their own choice and prohibited employers from interfering with union activities. Also created a National Labor Relations Board of five members to supervise plant elections and certify unions as bargaining agents where a majority of the workers improved. | 11 | |
| 6248771403 | Hoovervilles | Squalid settlements that sprouted across the country to house the destitute and homeless. | 12 | |
| 6248773999 | Tennessee Valley Authority | Designed to bring electrical power and jobs to one of the poorest regions in the nation. | 13 | |
| 6248778821 | Sacco and Vanzetti | Criminal case of immigration and radicalism. Italians, Sacco a shoemaker and Vanzetti a fish peddler, Stole $16,000 and killed the paymaster and his guard. Sentenced for political ideas and ethnic origin rather than crime. Executed August 23, 1927. | 14 | |
| 6248782380 | Harlem Renaissance/Jazz Age | African American literary, artistic, and musical movement of the 1920s and the 1930s centered in New York City's Harlem district; writers Langston Hughes, Jean Toomer, Zora Neale Hurston, and Countee Cullen active during movement. | 15 | |
| 6248784298 | Japanese relocation | Executive Order 9066. All Japanese removed from their homes and placed in internment camps, mostly in California. Essentially concentration camps with barbed wire and small cabins; not allowed to marry outside race, and forced them to attend segregated schools. Japanese immigration stopped. | 16 | |
| 6248784299 | Battle of Midway | Turning point of the Pacific war that demonstrated elements of modern warfare. Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, Japanese naval commander, steered fleet towards Hawaii's westernmost inhabited islands; hoped to render Pearl Harbor helpless. Admiral Chester Nimitz, commander of central Pacific, reinforced with planes and aircraft carriers. Japan lost 4 of their best aircraft carriers; Americans lost a carrier and a destroyer. | 17 | |
| 6248788601 | Causes of the stock market crash | People borrowing money to invest in commodities, mass production government policies, gold standard | 18 | |
| 6248788617 | Palmer Raids/Red Scare | Response to Red Scare, after several bombings A. Mitchell Palmer became convinced that there was a well-organized Communist terror campaign at work. The federal gov't launched a campaign of raids, deportations, and collecting files on radical individuals./Fear among many Americans after World War I of Communists in particular and non citizens in general, a reaction to the Russian Revolution, mail bombs, strikes, and riots. | 19 | |
| 6248792786 | The Ku Klux Klan in the 20's | Revived in the 1910s and 1920s stressed white, Anglo-Saxon, fundamentalist Protestant supremacy. | 20 | |
| 6248795723 | "lost generation" | Ernest Hemingway's novels The Sun Also Rises (1926) and A Farewell to Arms (1929) depict a desperate search for "real" life and the doomed, war-tainted love affairs of the young Americans of the "lost" generation. These novels feature the frenetic, hard-drinking lifestyle and the cult of athletic masculinity that became the stuff of the public image. | 21 | |
| 6248795724 | Flappers | A model of new feminism derived from the way fashionable young women allowed their galoshes to flap around their ankles. American individualism. | 22 | |
| 6248795725 | D-Day | June 6, 1944, when an Allied amphibious assault landed on the Normandy coast and established a foothold in Europe from which Hitler's defenses could not recover. | 23 | |
| 6248799287 | Dr. Francis Townsend | Began the Townsend Recovery Plan which would pay $200 a month to every citizen over 60 who retired from employment and promised to spend the money within each month. | 24 | |
| 6248802212 | FDR's "banking holiday" | Allowed financial panic to subside with the Emergency Banking Relief Act, which permitted sound banks to reopen and provided managers for those who remained in trouble. FDR has "fireside chats" over the radio where he insisted it was safer to keep your money in a reopened bank rather than at home. | 25 | |
| 6248804102 | Roosevelt's first 100 days | A session that lasted from March 9 to June 16 where Congress received from the president, and enacted 15 major proposals with unprecedented speed. Pass of Emergency Relief Act, Economy Act, establishment of the CCC, abandon gold standard, Pass of FERA, AAA, EFMA, TVA, FSA, HOLA, NIRA, Banking Act, and the Farm Credit Act. | 26 | |
| 6248804103 | Characteristics of Second New Deal | It concentrated on using deficit spending. It was meant to add more federal relief assistance to those that needed it for the long term rather than a short fix. | 27 | |
| 6248811601 | Hiroshima and Nagasaki (rationale) | Chose Hiroshima because it was a major assembly point for Japanese naval convoys, a center of war industries, and headquarters of the Second General Army. Enola Gay dropped bomb nicknamed Little Boy. Chose Nagasaki after originally wanting Kokura but it was too devastated. Bockscar dropped bomb names Fat Man. | 28 | |
| 6248815260 | The Smith-Connally Act | Authorized the government to seize plants and mines useful to the war effort. | 29 | |
| 6248815261 | Rationing | People saved goods to help with the war effort; also had "victory gardens" where they grew their own food in their backyard. | 30 | |
| 6248818798 | Social Security Act | Centerpiece was a pension fund for retired people over the age of 65 and their survivors. Also set up a shared federal-state unemployment-insurance program, financed by a payroll of tax on employers | 31 | |
| 6248822801 | Arsenal of Democracy | During WWII, A slogan used by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, in a radio broadcast delivered on 29 December 1940. | 32 | |
| 6248829304 | Destroyers for Bases | On September 3, 1940, FDR approves the this deal with Great Britain. Through this deal, the United States transferred destroyers to the British Navy in exchange for leases for British naval and air bases. | 33 | |
| 6248829321 | Cash and Carry | A policy requested by FDR at a special session of the United States Congress on September 21, 1939, subsequent to the outbreak of war in Europe. It replaced the Neutrality Acts of 1936. | 34 |
AP US History Period 3 (1754-1800) Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 7923701730 | Seven Years' (French and Indian) War | Fought between the colonies of British America and New France, with both sides supported by military units from their parent countries of Great Britain and France, as well as Native American allies |  | 0 |
| 7923701731 | "No Taxation Without Representation." | a reflection of the resentment of American colonists at being taxed by a British Parliament to which they elected no representatives and became an anti-British slogan before the American Revolution |  | 1 |
| 7923701732 | Enlightenment | a philosophical movement including ideas centered on reason as the primary source of authority and legitimacy; ideals such as liberty, progress, tolerance, fraternity, constitutional governmentand ending the perceived abuses of the church and state |  | 2 |
| 7923701733 | Benjamin Franklin | One of the founding fathers, famous for presence in the American Enlightenment. earned the title of "The First American" for his early and indefatigable campaigning for colonial unity, initially as an author and spokesman in London for several colonies. |  | 3 |
| 7923701734 | The Patriot Movement | Movement or push toward independence in the colonies. Those that supported colonial independence were referred to as "Patriots" while those that were loyal to the British crown were called "Loyalists." |  | 4 |
| 7923701735 | Colonial Militias | Groups of able-bodied colonialist men without proper military training that banded together to revolt against British tyrannny. |  | 5 |
| 7923701736 | The Continental Army | formed by the Second Continental Congress after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies, created to coordinate the military efforts of the Thirteen Colonies in their revolt against the rule of Great Britain. Commanded by General George Washington (Commander-in-Chief) |  | 6 |
| 7923701737 | George Washington | General, Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution. Later named the first President of the United States. |  | 7 |
| 7923701738 | Thomas Paine's Common Sense | A 1776 pamphlet that challenged the authority of the British government and the royal monarchy. Used plain language to appeal to the average colonist. First work to ask for independence outright. |  | 8 |
| 7923701739 | The Declaration of Independence | an announcement adopted by the Second Continental Congress meeting in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776, that the 13 American colonies, then at war with the Kingdom of Great Britain, regarded themselves as an independent sovereign nation |  | 9 |
| 7923701740 | Republican Motherhood | the idea that women were considered a custodians of civic virtue responsible for upholding the morality of her husband and children. Though this idea emphasized the separation of women's and men's roles, it did weight heavily the influence of the mother on the family and advocated for this influence to be taken seriously. |  | 10 |
| 7923701741 | Legislative Branch | The branch of government tasked with writing laws. |  | 11 |
| 7923701742 | Judicial Branch | The branch of government tasked with interpreting laws. | | 12 |
| 7923701743 | Executive Branch | The branch of government tasked with enforcing laws. | | 13 |
| 7923701744 | The Articles of Confederation | The 1st constitution of United States of America. Drafted by a committee appointed by the Second Continental Congress, ratified in late 1777. Later replaced by the Constitution of the United States of America. |  | 14 |
| 7923701745 | Constitutional Convention | Took place from May 25 to September 17, 1787, in Philadelphia. had a stated intention of revising the Articles of Confederation, although many meant to create a new government rather than fix the existing one. |  | 15 |
| 7923701746 | Federalism | a system of government in which entities such as states or provinces share power with a national government. |  | 16 |
| 7923701747 | Separation of Powers | Inspired by Montesquieu in The Spirit of the Laws, the idea of a constitutional government with three separate branches of government. Each of the three branches would have defined abilities to check the powers of the other branches. |  | 17 |
| 7923701748 | The Federalist Papers | a collection of 85 articles and essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay promoting the ratification of the United States Constitution. |  | 18 |
| 7923701749 | Alexander Hamilton | Founder of the Federalist Party, Co-author of The Federalist Papers, First Secretary of the Treasury, supporter of loose construction |  | 19 |
| 7923701750 | James Madison | Co-Author of the Federalist Papers, hailed as "the Father of the Constitution," Fourth President of the United States, supporter of strict construction |  | 20 |
| 7923701751 | Bill of Rights | the collective name for the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution with specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights, clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and explicit declarations that all powers not specifically delegated to Congress by the Constitution are reserved for the states or the people. |  | 21 |
| 7923701752 | Democratic-Republican Party | formed by Thomas Jefferson and others who believed in an agrarian-based, decentralized,democratic government. The party was established to oppose the Federalists who had supported and pushed through the ratification of the US Constitution. |  | 22 |
| 7923701753 | National Identity | one's identity or sense of belonging to one state or to one nation. It is the sense of a nation as a cohesive whole, as represented by distinctive traditions, culture, language and politics. |  | 23 |
| 7923701754 | The Northwest Ordinance | created the Northwest Territory, the first organized territory of the United States, from lands beyond the Appalachian Mountains, between British North America and the Great Lakes to the north and the Ohio River to the south.established the process of westward expansion & statehood, putting the federal government in charge. |  | 24 |
| 7923701755 | Popular Sovereignty | the principle that the authority of a state and its government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives (Rule by the People), who are the source of all political power. |  | 25 |
| 7923701756 | Public Virtue | Sacrificing one's self-interest for the public good. |  | 26 |
| 7923701757 | mercantilism | The economic theory that all parts of an economy should be coordinated for the good of the whole state; hence, that colonial economics should be subordinated for the benefit of an empire. |  | 27 |
| 7923701758 | protective tariffs | Taxes places on imported goods, often to raise prices and thus protect domestic producers. |  | 28 |
| 7923701759 | virtual representation | The political theory that a class of persons is represented in a lawmaking body without direct vote. |  | 29 |
| 7923701760 | nonimportation agreement | A pledge to boycott, or decline to purchase, certain goods from abroad. |  | 30 |
| 7923701761 | boycott | An organized refusal to deal with some person, organization, or product. |  | 31 |
| 7923701762 | ratification | The confirmation or validation of an act (such as the constitution) by authoritative approval. |  | 32 |
| 7923701763 | territory | In America, government an organized political entity not yet enjoying full equal terms of a state. | | 33 |
| 7923701764 | bicameral | Referring to a legislative body with two houses |  | 34 |
| 7923701765 | public debt | The debt of a government or nation to individual creditors, also called the national debt. |  | 35 |
| 7923701766 | cabinet | The body of official advisers to the head of a government; in the United States, it consists of the heads of the major executive departments. |  | 36 |
| 7923701767 | impressment | To force people or property into public service without choice. |  | 37 |
| 7923701768 | nullification | In American politics, the assertion that a state may legally invalidate a federal act deemed inconsistent with its rights or sovereignty. |  | 38 |
AP US History Chapter 36 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 6493251250 | Taft-Hartley Act | Act that provides balance of power between union and management by designating certain union activities as unfair labor practices; also known as Labor-Management Relations Act (LMRA) | 0 | |
| 6493251251 | Operation Dixie | This was aimed at unionizing textile workers & steelworkers, but failed due to fears of racial mixing. Plus, women were hard to organize because they were part time workers widely separated from one another | 1 | |
| 6493251252 | Employment Act of 1946 | Enacted by Truman, it committed the federal government to ensuring economic growth and established the Council of Economic Advisers to confer with the president and formulate policies for maintaining employment, production, and purchasing power | 2 | |
| 6493251253 | GI BIll | Law passed in 1944 to help returning veterans buy homes and pay for higher educations | 3 | |
| 6493251254 | Sunbelt | The southern and southwestern states, from the Carolinas to California, characterized by warm climate and rapid population growth | 4 | |
| 6493251255 | Levittown | In 1947, William Levitt used mass production techniques to build inexpensive homes in surburban New York to help relieve the postwar housing shortage. Levittown became a symbol of the movement to the suburbs in the years after WWII | 5 | |
| 6493251256 | Baby Boom | A cohort of individuals born in the United States between 1946 and 1964, which was just after World War II in a time of relative peace and prosperity. These conditions allowed for better education and job opportunities, encouraging high rates of both marriage and fertility | 6 | |
| 6493251257 | Yalta Conference | 1945 Meeting with US president FDR, British Prime Minister(PM) Winston Churchill, and and Soviet Leader Stalin during WWII to plan for post-war. I.E. what to do with Germany as well as planning an offensive on Japan | 7 | |
| 6493251258 | Cold War | A conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union. The nations never directly confronted each other on the battlefield but deadly threats went on for years | 8 | |
| 6493251259 | Bretton Woods Conference | 1943; economic conference of WWII allies with a collective push for open/free markets; set up international monetary fund and world bank | 9 | |
| 6493251260 | United Nations | An international organization formed after WWII to promote international peace, security, and cooperation | 10 | |
| 6493251261 | Nuremberg War Crimes Trial | Trial for 22 former Nazi leaders | 11 | |
| 6493251262 | Berlin Airlift | Airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin | 12 | |
| 6493251263 | Containment Doctrine | A foreign policy strategy advocated by George Kennan that called for the United States to isolate the Soviet Union, "contain" its advances, and resist its encroachments by peaceful means if possible, but by force if necessary | 13 | |
| 6493251264 | Truman Doctrine | (HT) , 1947, President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology, mainly helped Greece and Turkey | 14 | |
| 6493251265 | Marshall Plan | A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe after WWII | 15 | |
| 6493251266 | North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) | Created in 1949 under U.S. leadership to create an alliance between most of the Western powers (including Canada) in defense against possible Soviet aggression and communism | 16 | |
| 6493251267 | House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) | Created during WWII to look for fascists and communists | 17 | |
| 6493251268 | Fair Deal | An economic extension of the New Deal proposed by Harry Truman that called for higher minimum wage, housing and full employment. It led only to the Housing Act of 1949 and the Social Security Act of 1950 due to opposition in congress | 18 | |
| 6493251269 | National Security Council Memorandum Number 68 (NSC-68) | An office created in 1947 to coordinate the president's foreign and military policy advisers. Its formal members are the president, vice president, secretary of state, and secretary of defense, and it is managed by the president's national security assistant | 19 | |
| 6493251270 | Korean War | The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea | 20 | |
| 6493251271 | Benjamin Spock | Pediatrician in the 1940s whose book "The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care" influenced the upbringing of children around the world | 21 | |
| 6493251272 | Joseph Stalin | Bolshevik revolutionary, head of the Soviet Communists after 1924, and dictator of the Soviet Union from 1928 to 1953. He led the Soviet Union with an iron fist, using Five-Year Plans to increase industrial production and terror to crush opposition | 22 | |
| 6493251273 | Jiang Jieshi | (1887-1975) Leader of the Guomindang, or Nationalist Party in China. Fought to keep China from becoming communist, and to resist the Japanese during World War II. He lost control of China in 1949 | 23 | |
| 6493251274 | George F. Kennan | Believed the US should resist Soviet attempts to expand power and influence. "the father of containment" | 24 | |
| 6493251275 | Reinhold Niebuhr | Influential liberal protestant clergyman who crusaded against what he perceived as the drift away from Christian foundations for over five decades after WWI.He was vehemently against fascism, communism, and pacifism, and divided the world into "children of light" and "children of darkness." | 25 | |
| 6493251276 | George C. Marshall | Secretary of State, in charge of state department during and after WW2, came up with the Marshall Plan | 26 |
AP US History Chapter 8 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 4930367067 | Capitalism | They wanted to use the power of republican government to solidify capitalist cultural values and create a dynamic market economy. | 0 | |
| 4930374843 | Panic of 1819 | This was the first widespread economic crisis in the United States which brought deflation, depression, bank failures, and unemployment. This set back nationalism to more sectionalism and hurt the poorer class, which gave way to Jacksonian Democracy. | 1 | |
| 4930376185 | Business Cycle | Recurring fluctuations in economic activity consisting of recession and recovery and growth and decline. | 2 | |
| 4930387321 | The Market Economy | The expansion of household production and the market economy reflected innovations in the organization of production and in marketing rather than in technology. | 3 | |
| 4930384983 | Outwork system | Before factories, Division of labor completed outside of work, where one completes a part of a product at home. | 4 | |
| 4946713074 | Transportation | Water transportation was the quickest, but most settlements were not near streams. Between 1793 and 1812, the Massachusetts legislature granted charters to more than one hundred private turnpike companies. The erie canal was a huge deal for America, because it opened up many more options for people in the area, and made trading easier. | 5 | |
| 4946715059 | Commonwealth System | By 1820, state governments had created this republican political economy which funneled state aid to private businesses whose projects would improve the general welfare of the state. | 6 | |
| 4946718081 | Manumission | A grant of legal freedom to an individual slave. | 7 | |
| 4946725919 | John Woolman | He was a Quaker preacher and an early abolitionist in the colonial era. He wrote "the color of a man means nothing in matters of right and equality." | 8 | |
| 4946733942 | Gabriel Prosser's Rebellion | A literate black slave that lived in the Richmond area launched a large scale slave revolt. Governor Monroe quickly crushed the rebellion. | 9 | |
| 4946737235 | American Colonization Society | A Society that thought slavery was bad. They would buy land in Africa and get free blacks to move there. One of these such colonies was made into what now is Liberia. Most sponsors just wanted to get blacks out of their country. | 10 | |
| 4946739974 | Richard Allen | An African American preacher who helped start the free African society and the African Methodist Episcopal church. | 11 | |
| 4946743635 | African Methodist Episcopal Church | The leading Church for African Americans, certified you as "progressed" or "better off" than others- back in the days of Reconstruction, the elite blacks belonged to these more structured churches. | 12 | |
| 4946750100 | Liberia | In 1820, the American Colonization Society created a colony in West Africa for freed slaves to go. By the 1840s this colony had its own constitution and became and independent nation. | 13 | |
| 4946753972 | Tallmadge Amendment | Sought to forbid the further introduction of slaves into Missouri and mandated that all children of slave parents born in the state after its admission should be free at the age of 25; failed to pass the Senate. | 14 | |
| 4946756680 | Missouri Compromise | "Compromise of 1820" over the issue of slavery in Missouri. It was decided Missouri entered as a slave state and Maine entered as a free state and all states North of the 36th parallel were free states and all South were slave states. | 15 | |
| 4946759701 | The Second Great Awakening | A series of American religious revivals occurring throughout that eastern U.S.; these revivals encouraged a culture performing good deeds in exchange for salvation, and therefore became responsible for an upswing in prison reform, the temperance cause, the feminist movement, and abolitionism. | 16 | |
| 4946764205 | Camp meeting (revival meeting) | On the American frontier thousands of people would pitch tents around a clearing and have an open-air revival meeting. | 17 | |
| 4946767963 | Unitarians | Believe in a unitary deity, reject the divinity of Christ, and emphasize the inherent goodness of mankind. Unitarianism, inspired in part by Deism, first caught on in New England at the end of the eighteenth century. | 18 | |
| 4946770438 | Shakers | 1770's by "Mother" Ann Lee; Utopian group that splintered from the Quakers; believed that they & all other churches had grown too interested in this world & neglectful of their afterlives; prohibited marriage and sexual relationships; practiced celibacy. | 19 |
Period 2: 1607-1754 AP US History Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 8031925566 | congregationalism | Church and town organization independent (no state control) and non-hierarchical; Citizenship = church membership (covenant); New England and Middle colonies; Puritans, Quakers, Baptists, etc. | 0 | |
| 8031925567 | covenant | Agreement between church members to form an independent church congregation; Membership was tied to citizenship. | 1 | |
| 8031925570 | Destruction of the Spanish Armada | 16th century England vs. Spain naval war; Marked the beginning of the end of the Spanish Empire and opened the path for the British Empire to flourish. |  | 2 |
| 8031925571 | Calvinism | A major branch of Protestantism; The credo of many American foundational settlers including English Puritans, Scottish Presbyterians, French Hugenots, and Dutch Reformed Church in America | 3 | |
| 8031925572 | Barbados | located in Caribbean; where the settlers in Carolina come from |  | 4 |
| 8031925573 | Joint Stock Company | A commercial venture in which multiple shareholders invest and spread risk; e.g. Hudson's Bay Company, Virginia Company, Dutch West India Company | 5 | |
| 8031925574 | Hudson's Bay Company | one of the Joint-stock companies founded in England for the purpose of trapping and fur trading. |  | 6 |
| 8031925575 | Navigation Acts | A series of economic regulations set by England starting in 1651 in order to gain control over its' colonies; Inspired by merchantilist policies |  | 7 |
| 8031925576 | Queen Elizabeth | A.K.A. Virginia, the "virgin" queen; An ambitious ruler, she secured the Protestant Reformtation in England and reigned during the destruction of the Spanish Armada, Drake's circumnavigation, the English Renaissance (Shakespeare!), and the beginning of the British Empire. |  | 8 |
| 8031925577 | Sir Walter Raleigh | A dashing courtier favored by Queen Elizabeth; Launched the first English colony in the New World in 1585 on Roanoke Island, off the coast of Virginia (present day North Carolina); The colony was a failure due to England's preoccupation with war with Spain. |  | 9 |
| 8031925578 | Roanoke colony | Located in present day North Carolina; Known as "The Lost colony" established by Sir Walter Raleigh in 1585, disappeared during the first Anglo-Spanish War. |  | 10 |
| 8031925579 | Virginia Company of London | A joint-stock company that established the first enduring English colony in the New World at Jamestown. |  | 11 |
| 8031925580 | Plantation economy | large scale agriculture worked by slaves, especially sugar and tobacco plantation. |  | 12 |
| 8031925581 | Chesapeake Bay | Large estuary between Maryland and Virginia; Site of both Jamestown and St. Marys. |  | 13 |
| 8031925582 | Jamestown | The first permanent English settlement in North America; Founded in 1607 as a joint-venture of the Virginia Company. | 14 | |
| 8031925583 | Maryland | Proprietary colony established on the Chesapeake Bay; George Calvert and Lord Baltimore were its proprietors; Established as a Catholic haven in the largely Protestant British Americas. |  | 15 |
| 8031925584 | Powhatan confederacy | A group of native American tribes in 17th century that settled in Virginia and came into conflict with the Virginia colonists. | 16 | |
| 8031925587 | "starving time" | Jamestown winter of 1609 to 1610; Only 60 of the 400 colonists survived because they didn't found plants or the methods to grow crops; Most colonists were gentlemen "adventurers" who refused to work or didn't know how to grow crops. |  | 17 |
| 8031925588 | House of Burgesses | The first representative legislative body formed in 1619 in Virginia; Evolved into a "planter oligarchy" that represented the wealthy plantation owners, and a competitor to the Parliament in London. | 18 | |
| 8031925589 | Maryland Acts of Toleration | In 1649, passed in Maryland, guaranteeing rights to Christians of all denominations; A measure to protect Maryland's Catholics. | 19 | |
| 8031925590 | Headright System | New immigrants were enticed to come to the New World with the offer of 50 arces (1 arce= 4047m2) | 20 | |
| 8031925591 | Bacon's Rebellion | 1676 rebellion of discontent landless servants in Virginia; Exposed the weakness of the indentured servant system to the ruling planter oligarchy, who thereafter relied more and more on African slaves. | 21 | |
| 8031925592 | Lord Baltimore | Catholic proprietor of the colony of Maryland; Permitted religious freedom to all Christian colonists in a mesure to protect Catholics. | 22 | |
| 8031925593 | John Rolfe | Virginia "father of tobacco"; Husband of Pocahontas. | 23 | |
| 8031925594 | Indentured servant | Potential England immigrants sign a contact with wealthy Virginians to work for a certain years in the New World in exchange of the passage over the Atlantic. | 24 | |
| 8031925595 | Virginia | The first colony of the British Empire; Established during the rule of Queen Elizabeth I. | 25 | |
| 8031925596 | Quebec | French major colony in Canada. |  | 26 |
| 8031925597 | Jesuit | "Society of Jesus"; Catholic missionaries. | 27 | |
| 8031925598 | Huguenots | French Protestants | 28 | |
| 8031925601 | Pilgrims | Traveler on a holy journey; Puritan separatists who first settled Plymouth in New England |  | 29 |
| 8031925602 | Puritans | A group of English Reformed Protestants who sought to "purify" the Church of England | 30 | |
| 8031925603 | Protestantism | The "reformed" Christian faith that emerged from Martin Luther's 16th century protests against the corruption and control of the Catholic Church; A major religious and political force in the English colonies of the New World. | 31 | |
| 8031925604 | Town hall meeting | A form of direct democratic rule, used principally in New England where most or all the members of a community come together to participate in direct democratic government. | 32 | |
| 8031925605 | Congregational church | Protestant churches practicing congregationalist church governance; The independence of each congregation in New England mirrored the independence of each town and its political organization. | 33 | |
| 8031925606 | Royal charter | A formal document issued by a monarch as letters patent, granting a right or power to an individual or a body corporate. | 34 | |
| 8031925607 | Charter | The grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified; 3 types: Royal, Commercial, Proprietary. | 35 | |
| 8031925608 | Plymouth colony | Founded by a group of Separatists who came to be known as the Pilgrims; the first sizable permanent English settlement in the New England region,https://o.quizlet.com/YWD0OaZqPqntAaSERr.dQA_m.jpg | 36 | |
| 8031925609 | Roger Williams | A Puritan, an early proponent of religious freedom and separation of church and state; he was expelled from the colony of Massachusetts and began the colony of Providence Plantation. | 37 | |
| 8031925610 | Providence | Colony established by the puritan dissenter Roger Williams; Later merged with Portsmouth to form the colony of Rhode Island. | 38 | |
| 8031925611 | Anne Hutchinson | An important participant in the Antinomian Controversy; banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and formed Portsmouth (later merged into Rhode Island). |  | 39 |
| 8031925612 | John Winthrop | One of the leading figures in the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony; his vision of the colony as a Puritan "city upon a hill" dominated New England colonial development. |  | 40 |
| 8031925613 | Mayflower | The ship that transported the first English Separatists—Pilgrims—in 1620. | 41 | |
| 8031925614 | Separatist | Puritans who felt needed to separate from the Church of England. | 42 | |
| 8031925615 | "city upon a hill" | In the 1630 sermon "A Model of Christian Charity" preached by Puritan John Winthrop. Winthrop admonished the future Massachusetts Bay colonists that their new community would be "as a city upon a hill", the ideal community, watched by the world. | 43 | |
| 8031925616 | Mayflower Compact | The first governing document of Plymouth Colony, written by the male passengers of the Mayflower, consisting of separatist Congregationalists. |  | 44 |
| 8031925617 | Salem Witch Trials | A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts between February 1692 and May 1693; Religious fear that resulted from unrest in the colonies. | 45 | |
| 8031925618 | slave codes | Series of laws in southern plantation colonies that established Africans as lifelong slaves and a cornerstone of the plantation economy. | 46 | |
| 8031925619 | King Philip's War | AKA Metacom's War; Savage conflict between New England colonists and local Indian tribes; Both sides resorted to brutal massacre tactics; Defeat of Indians resulted in white land expansion. |  | 47 |
| 8031925620 | Middle Colonies | New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware; Dominated by Quakers. | 48 | |
| 8031925621 | Supreme gonverner of Anglican Church | The Supreme Governor of the Church of England is a title held by the British monarch that signifies titular leadership over the Church of England; Since the English Reformation under the Tudors, the monarch has been the head of the church; One of the major problems Puritans, Quakers, and other groups had with the Anglican church. | 49 | |
| 8031925623 | South Carolina | Plantation colony established by the eight nobles (lords proprietor) after the restoration of King Charles II; Mostly rural plantations, but has primary settlement at Charles Town. |  | 50 |
| 8031925627 | Philadelphia | "The city of brotherly love" established by William Penn; It was by far the largest and most important city in the English colonies on the eve of the Revolution. | 51 | |
| 8031925628 | mercantilism | The driving economic philosophy of the colonial powers in the 17th and 18th centuries; Colonial competition was a zero-sum game; Trade imbalances (more imports than exports) were evil; Colonies served the mother country and were not allowed to compete economically. | 52 |
AP US History Period 3 (1754-1800) Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 7626041345 | The French and Indian War | 1754-1763 War between French and British in American colonies part of 7 years |  | 0 |
| 7626041346 | The Proclamation of 1763 | Line drawn by British Parliament, colonists not allowed to settle past Appalachian mountains |  | 1 |
| 7626041347 | Stamp Act | 1765 direct tax on a stamp that must be put on paper, office documents, etc. |  | 2 |
| 7626041348 | The Coercive Acts | 1774 intolerable acts |  | 3 |
| 7626041349 | Common Sense | 1776 pamphlet written by Thomas Paine to get people to want independence | | 4 |
| 7626041350 | The Declaration Of Independence | 1776 document written by colonist elites to British King and Parliament stating independence and what all was wrong with British rule and the King |  | 5 |
| 7626041351 | Battle of Saratoga | Head to head battle between the British and Americans in country side, Americans win by a lot and show they have a chance |  | 6 |
| 7626041352 | French American Alliance | Formed after battle of Saratoga when Americans proved to French they can win and French are allies because they want to damage an age old enemy |  | 7 |
| 7626041353 | Treaty of Paris | 1783 ended the American Revolutionary War Granted the land British gave Indians as American land now American colonies recognized as their own independent country |  | 8 |
| 7626041354 | Articles of confederation | First form of government A lot of weaknesses No strong central government Strong state governments Causes economical problems and failure | | 9 |
| 7626041355 | The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | Land in Northwest is divided into 5 states (Michigan, Illinois, Ohio, Wisconsin, Indiana) they are all seen as equal to the 13 original states Reach a certain pop you can apply for statehood and be part of congress and slavery was outlawed |  | 10 |
| 7626041356 | Shay's Rebellion | 1786 farmers debt rebellion agriculture depression, economical failure and 2 out of 3 were being sued |  | 11 |
| 7626041357 | The Constitution | New format of government focuses more on a central national power and less on states 3 branch government that limit each other |  | 12 |
| 7626041358 | Federalism | One central power over all | | 13 |
| 7626041359 | The Great Compromise | New Jersey and Virginia plans together and create the senate and House of Representatives senate equal vote house of rep by population |  | 14 |
| 7626041360 | The Three-Fifths compromise | Slaves count as population for vote in congress 3 slaves for every 5 white were counted |  | 15 |
| 7626041361 | The Federalists papers | Essays written by Federalists to get people to ratify the constitution plubis | | 16 |
| 7626041362 | Federalists | Supported the ratification of the constitution one central strong government |  | 17 |
| 7626041363 | Anti federalists | Against ratification of the constitution |  | 18 |
| 7626041364 | The Bill of rights | First ten amendments of the constitution | | 19 |
| 7626041365 | George Washington's presidency | 1st president formed the cabinets 2nd term strictly followed constitution left office to tell everyone they needed to be unified established framework of Supreme Court and how they will be decided judiciary |  | 20 |
| 7626041366 | Hamilton | Tackle debt- grant money back to people, national bank create national government, manufacturing establish tax revenue | | 21 |
| 7626041367 | Jefferson | Wanted state governments against Hamilton 3rd president vice under John Adams voting process not fix yet and he got 2nd place |  | 22 |
| 7626041368 | Washington's farewell address | Unity and against foreign policies |  | 23 |
| 7626041369 | XYZ Affair | 3 agents from France try to bribe Americans who came as ambassadors to see the rulers of France common in Europe but Americans took offense and John Adams published what happened for all Americans to see decreasing support of republicans because they are Franco files | 24 | |
| 7626041370 | Alien and Sedition Acts | Sedition- speaking false against congress or president Alien- allow president to prison or deport suspicious foreign during war Cut of increase of republicans |  | 25 |
| 7626041371 | Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions | Idea of nullification Legislatures that constitution was written by sovereign states so they could revoke the unconstitutional laws |  | 26 |
Flashcards
Flashcards
AMSCO AP US History Chapter 8 Flashcards
AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition Chapter 8 Nationalism and Economic Development, 1816-1848
Terms : Hide Images
| 8452992903 | James Monroe | The fifth President of the United States (1817-1825). His administration was marked by the Tariff of 1816, Rush-Bagot Agreement with Britain (1817), acquisition of Florida (1819), the Missouri Compromise (1820), and the profession of the Monroe Doctrine (1823). (p 151) |  | 0 |
| 8452992908 | Henry Clay | His proposed plan for advancing the nation's economic growth consisted of three parts: 1) protective tariffs, 2) a national bank, and 3) internal improvements. The internal improvements, to be funded by the national government, were not approved because James Monroe felt that the Constitution did not allow it. (p. 152) |  | 1 |
| 8452992914 | Robert Fulton | In 1807, he built a boat powered by a steam engine. Commercial steamboat lines soon made river shipping faster and cheaper. (p. 161) |  | 2 |
| 8452992916 | Eli Whitney | In 1793, he built the first cotton gin, which would have a huge impact on the Southern economy. During the War of 1812 he devised a system to make rifles with mass produced interchangeable parts. (p. 162) |  | 3 |
| 8452992918 | Samuel Slater | British-born textile producer and one of the first industrialists in America. In 1791, he helped establish the nation's first factory using cotton spinning machine technology. (p. 162) |  | 4 |
| 8452992926 | John Marshall | Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1801 to 1835. A Federalist, whose decisions favored the central government and the rights of property against advocates of state's rights. Several of his decisions became landmark ruling that defined the relationship between the central government and the states. (p. 153) |  | 5 |
| 8452992934 | Stephen Decatur | In 1815, this naval officer led a U.S. fleet to force the leaders of North Africa to allow safe American shipping in the Mediterranean. (p. 157) |  | 6 |
| 8452992937 | Andrew Jackson | In 1817, this general lead a militia force to Florida where he destroyed Seminole villages and hung Seminole sympathizers. He would later become president. (p. 158) |  | 7 |
Pages
Need Help?
We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.
For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.
If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.
Need Notes?
While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!
