Flashcards
Flashcards
Period 4: 1800-1848 AP US History Flashcards
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| 8690756433 | Federalist | Political party created in the 1790s led by Alexander Hamilton; favored a stronger national government; supported primarily by the bankers and moneyed interests |  | 0 |
| 8690756434 | Democratic-Republicans | Political party created in the 1790's; led by Thomas Jefferson; favored limited government and state rights; supported primarily by the "common man" | | 1 |
| 8690756435 | Election of 1800 | (AKA Revolution of 1800) election that led to a peaceful transfer of power from the Federalist party to the Democratic Republican Party |  | 2 |
| 8690756436 | Hartford Convention, 1814 | Meeting of Federalists during the War of 1812 discuss strategy to gain more power in government; viewed as unpatriotic by many; as a result, the Federalist Party was no longer a significant force in American politics |  | 3 |
| 8690756437 | Era of Good Feelings | Term used to describe the time period after the 2nd Party System in the United States after the Federalist Party fell from the national stage, leaving only the Democratic Party; associated with the presidency of James Monroe |  | 4 |
| 8690756438 | Democrats | Political party that brought Andrew Jackson into office in 1829; part of the 2nd Party System of the United States; supported Jeffersonian ideas of limited government and individualism; drew its support from the "common Man" |  | 5 |
| 8690756439 | Whig Party | Political Party created in 1834 as a coalition of anti-Jackson political leaders and dedicated to internal improvements funded by the national government |  | 6 |
| 8690756440 | Andrew Jackson | Leader of the Democrats who became the seventh president of the US (1829-1837); known for his opposition to the 2nd Bank of the US, the Indian Removal Act, and opposition to nullification | | 7 |
| 8690756441 | Henry Clay | Leader of the Whig Party who proposed an "American System" to make the United States economically self-sufficient, mostly through protective tariffs; worked to keep the Union together through political compromise |  | 8 |
| 8690756442 | Nullification Crisis (1832-1833) | After South Carolina declared the federal tariff null and void, President Jackson obtained a Force Bill to use military actions against South Carolina; ended with a compromise to lower tariffs over an extended time; overall significance was the challenge of states to ignore federal law (later on with laws regarding slavery). |  | 9 |
| 8690756443 | John C. Calhoun | South Carolina political leader who defended slavery as a positive good and advocated the doctrine of nullification, a policy in which state could nullify federal law. |  | 10 |
| 8690756444 | John Marshall | Appointed to the Supreme Court by John Adams in 1801; served as a chief justice until 1835; legal decisions gave the Supreme Court more power, strengthened the federal government, and supported protection of private property. |  | 11 |
| 8690756445 | Cotton Belt | Southern region in the US where most of the cotton is grown/deep; stretched from South Carolina to Georgia to the new states in the southwest frontier; had the highest concentration of slaves |  | 12 |
| 8690756446 | Judicial Review | The power of the Supreme Court to review the constitutionality of laws passed by Congress |  | 13 |
| 8690756447 | Market Economy | Economic system based on the unregulated buying and selling of goods and services; prices are determined by the forces of supply and demand |  | 14 |
| 8690756448 | Embargo Act (1807) | Passed by President Jefferson in order to pressure Britain and France to stop impressment and support the American rights to free trade with the other; a government-order ban on international trade; went into effect in 1808 and closed down virtually all U.S. trade with foreign nations; led to steep depression in the economy |  | 15 |
| 8690756449 | Panic of 1819 | Financial panic that began when the Second Bank of the US tightened credit and recalled government loans after the price of cotton dropped |  | 16 |
| 8690756450 | Second Bank of the United States (1816) | Privately owned bank that operated as both a commercial and fiscal agent for the US government; established in 1816 under a charter that was supposed to last 20 years; Andrew Jackson was critical of the bank and its potential for corruption; ended when Jackson vetoed the extension of its charter and won reelection in the process |  | 17 |
| 8690756451 | Tariff of 1816 | First protective tariff in US history; designed primarily to help America's textile industry |  | 18 |
| 8690756452 | Tariff of Abominations 1828 | Tariff with such high rates that it set off tension between northerners and southerners over tariff issues (called the Nullification Crisis) |  | 19 |
| 8690756453 | Panic of 1837 | Economic collapse caused primarily by President Jackson's destruction of the Second Bank of the United States |  | 20 |
| 8690756454 | Slave Codes | Laws that established the status of slaves denying them basic rights and classifying them as the property of slaveholders |  | 21 |
| 8690756455 | Second Great Awakening | An upsurge in religious activity that began around 1800 and was characterized by emotional revival meetings; led to several reform movements (temperance, abolition) designed to perfect society with religious morals |  | 22 |
| 8690756456 | Charles Finney | Presbyterian minister who is credited and is known as the "Father of modern Revivalism"; advocated the abolition of slavery and equal education for women and African Americans |  | 23 |
| 8690756457 | Elizabeth Cady Stanton | Advocate of women right's, including the right to vote; organized (with Lucretia Mott) the first women's rights convention at Seneca Falls, NY |  | 24 |
| 8690756458 | Dorothea Dix | Pioneer in the moment for special treatment for the mentally ill |  | 25 |
| 8690756459 | Horace Mann | Massachusetts educator who called for publicly funded education for all children; called the "Father of Public Education in America" |  | 26 |
| 8690756460 | Utopian Communities | Idealistic reform movement based on the belief that a perfect society could be created on Earth; significant Utopian experiments were established at New Harmony, Indiana, Book Farm, Massachusetts and the Oneida Community in New York; usually such attempts were short-lived |  | 27 |
| 8690756461 | William Lloyd Garrison | Radical abolitionist in Massachusetts who published the liberator, an antislavery newspaper |  | 28 |
| 8690756462 | Hudson River School 1825-1875 | The first native school of painting in the US; painted primarily landscapes; themes included deep nationalism, grandeur of nature, and transcendentalism |  | 29 |
| 8690756463 | Transcendentalism | Philosophical and literary movement that believed God existed within human being and nature; believed intuition was the highest source of knowledge; advocated for introspection by surrounding oneself with nature |  | 30 |
| 8690756464 | Ralph Waldo Emerson | Philosopher, writer, and poet who became a central figure in the Transcendalist movement in American |  | 31 |
| 8690756465 | Henry David Thoreau | Writer and naturalist; with Ralph Waldo Emerson, he was one of America's best known transcendentalists |  | 32 |
| 8690756466 | Richard Allen | African American minister who established the first independent African American denomination in the US, the African Methodist Episcopalian Church |  | 33 |
| 8690756467 | Samuel Slater | Known as the "Father of the American Industrial Revolution"; brought British textile technology to the United States to create the first factory |  | 34 |
| 8690756468 | John Deere | Invented the steel plow in 1837, which revolutionized farming; the steel plow broke up soil without the soil getting stuck to the plow |  | 35 |
| 8690756469 | Lowell System | Method of factory management that evolved in the textile mills of Lowell, MA |  | 36 |
| 8690756470 | Erie Canal (1817-1825) | 350 mile canal built by the state of NY that stretched from Buffalo to Albany; the canal revolutionized shipping in NY and opened up new markets (evidence of the Market Revolution) |  | 37 |
| 8690756471 | National Road (1811) | AKA Cumberland Road; first significant road built in the US at the expense of the federal government; stretched from the Potomac River to the Ohio River |  | 38 |
| 8690756472 | Mason-Dixon Line | Boundary between PA and MD that marked the division between free and slave states before the Civil War |  | 39 |
| 8690756473 | Cult of Domesticity | The belief that a woman's proper role in life was found in domestic pursuits (raising children, taking care of the house); strongly believed by many throughout the 19th century |  | 40 |
| 8690756474 | Louisiana Purchase (1803) | U.S. purchased the Louisiana Territory from France for $15 million, doubling the size of the U.S. and giving the U.S. full control of the Mississippi River |  | 41 |
| 8690756475 | Lewis and Clark expedition (1804-1806) | Expedition to explore the Louisiana Territory led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark |  | 42 |
| 8690756476 | War Hawks | Members of Congress from the West and South elected in 1810 who wanted war with Britain in the hopes of annexing new territory and ending British trade with the Indians of the Northwest |  | 43 |
| 8690756477 | War of 1812 | 1812-1815, War between the U.S. and Great Britain caused primarily by the perceived British violation of American neutral rights on the high seas (impressment); ended with an agreement of "status quo ante" (a return to how things were before the war) |  | 44 |
| 8690756478 | Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) | Treaty between the U.S. and Spain that ceded Florida to the U.S |  | 45 |
| 8690756479 | Monroe Doctrine (1823) | President Monroe's unilateral declaration that the Americas would be closed to further European colonization and that the U.S. would not allow European interference in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere; in return the U.S. pledged to stay out of European conflicts and affairs; significant foreign policy state that lasted through most of the 19th century |  | 46 |
| 8690756480 | Oregon Treaty of 1846 | After years of conflict over ownership of the Pacific Northwest, the U.S. and England established the boundary at 49° latitude, essentially splitting the Oregon Country down the middle |  | 47 |
| 8690756481 | Manifest Destiny | Popular belief amongst early-19th century Americans that the U.S. was destined to expand across the North American continent, that this belief was obvious, and that God willed it to take place |  | 48 |
| 8690756482 | Tecumseh | Shawnee leader who attempted to establish an Indian confederacy among tribes from around the continent that he hoped would be a barrier to white expansion; defeated at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811 by U.S. forces led by General William Henry Harrison, slowing the momentum of Pan-Indian unity |  | 49 |
| 8690756483 | Indian Removal Act (1830) | Law that provided for the removal of all Indian tribes east of the Mississippi and the purchase of Indian lands for white resettlement |  | 50 |
| 8690756484 | Worcester v. Georgia (1832) | A Supreme Court ruling that declared a state did not have the power to enforce laws on lands that were not under state jurisdiction; John Marshall wrote that the state of Georgia did not have the power to remove Indians; this ruling was largely ignored by President Andrew Jackson |  | 51 |
| 8690756485 | Trail of Tears (1838) | Forced march of the Cherokee people from Georgia to Indian Territory in the winter; a large percentage of Cherokee died on the journey |  | 52 |
| 8690756486 | The American System | Consisted of three mutually reinforcing parts: (1) a tariff to protect and promote American industry; (2) a national bank to foster commerce; (3) federal subsidies for roads, canals, and other "internal improvements" to develop profitable markets for agriculture; supported heavily by Henry Clay | | 53 |
| 8690756487 | Missouri Compromise (1820) | Admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, maintaining the balance between slave and free states in representation in the federal government; established a geographic line that would determine whether new states (made from the western territories) would be added to the union as slave or free states |  | 54 |
| 8690756488 | Spoils System | Public offices given as a reward for political support. Most iconically used by Andrew Jackson after his first election, which then became a precedent for future federal leaders. |  | 55 |
| 8690756489 | Marbury v. Madison (1803, Marshall) | The Court established its role as the arbiter of the constitutionality of federal laws, the principle is known as judicial review. |  | 56 |
| 8690756490 | McCulloch v. Maryland (1819, Marshall) | The Court ruled that states cannot tax the federal government, i.e. the Bank of the United States; the phrase "the power to tax is the power to destroy"; confirmed the constitutionality of the Bank of the United States. |  | 57 |
| 8690756491 | Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831, Marshall) | "The conditions of the Indians in relation to the United States is perhaps unlike that of any two people in existence," Chief Justice John Marshall wrote, "their relation to the United States resembles that of a ward to his guardian. . .(they were a) domestic dependent nation." Established a "trust relationship" with the tribes directly under federal authority. | | 58 |
| 8690756492 | interchangeable parts | Parts that were identical and which could be substituted for one another; developed by Eli Whitney for the manufacturing of muskets; became a hallmark of the American factory system |  | 59 |
| 8690756493 | tariff | A tax imposed on imported goods and services. Tariffs are used to restrict trade, as they increase the price of imported goods and services, making them more expensive to consumers. | | 60 |
| 8690756494 | embargo | A government order prohibiting commerce in or out of a port |  | 61 |
AP US History Chapter 39 Flashcards
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| 5564862498 | "smoking gun" tape | Recording made in the Oval Office that proved that Nixon knew about the Watergate break-in and endeavored to cover it up. Led to complete break-down in Congressional support for Nixon after the Supreme Court ordered he hand the tape to investigators. | 0 | |
| 5564862499 | Roe v Wade | Landmark Supreme Court decision that forbade states from barring abortion by citing a woman's constitutional right to privacy. Seen as a victory for feminism and civil liberties by some, the decision provoked a strong counter-reaction by opponents to abortion, galvanizing the Pro-Life movement. | 1 | |
| 5564864043 | detente | The period of Cold War thawing when the United States and the Soviet Union negotiated reduced armament treaties under Presidents Nixon, Ford, and Carter. As a policy prescription, détente marked a departure from the policies of proportional response, mutually assured destruction, and containment that had defined the earlier years of the Cold War. | 2 | |
| 5564864044 | Earth Day | International day of celebration and awareness of global environmental issues launched by conservationists on April 22, 1970. | 3 | |
| 5564870346 | Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) | A governmental organization signed into law by Nixon designed to regulate pollution, emissions, and other factors that have a negative effect on the natural environment. Marked a newfound commitment by the federal government to combat environmental risks and was a significant triumph for the environmentalist movement. | 4 | |
| 5564872779 | Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) | Declared full constitutional equality for women. Although it passed both houses of Congress, a concerted grassroots campaign by anti-feminists persuaded enough state legislatures to vote against ratification. The amendment failed to become part of the Constitution. | 5 | |
| 5564874544 | Iranian Hostage Crisis | The 444 days in which American embassy workers were held captive by Iranian revolutionaries. The Iranian Revolution began when young Muslim fundamentalists overthrew the oppressive regime of the American-backed shah, forcing him into exile. These revolutionaries triggered an energy crisis by cutting off Iranian oil. The hostage crisis began when revolutionaries stormed the American embassy, demanding that the United States return the shah to Iran for trial. The episode was marked by botched diplomacy and failed rescue attempts by the Carter Administration. After permanently damaging relations between the two countries, the crisis ended with the hostages' release the day Ronald Reagan became president. | 6 | |
| 5564876258 | Kent State University | Massacre of four college students by National Guardsmen in Ohio. In response to Nixon's announcement that he had expanded the Vietnam War into Cambodia, college campuses across the country exploded in violence. Students at historically black Jackson State College in Mississippi were protesting the war as well as the Kent State shooting when highway patrolmen fired into a student dormitory, killing two students. | 7 | |
| 5564876259 | malaise speech | National address by Jimmy Carter in which the President chided American materialism and urged a communal spirit in the face of economic hardships. Although Carter intended the speech to improve both public morale and his standings as a leader, it had the opposite effect and was widely perceived as a political disaster for the embattled president. | 8 | |
| 5564878765 | Miranda Warning | A statement of an arrested person's constitutional rights, which police officers must read during an arrest. The warning came out of the Supreme Court's decision in Miranda v. Arizona that accused people have the right to remain silent, consult an attorney, and enjoy other protections. The Court declared that law enforcement officers must make sure suspects understand their constitutional rights, thus creating a safeguard against forced confessions and self-implication. | 9 | |
| 5564878766 | My Lai Massacre | Military assault in a small Vietnamese village in which American soldiers murdered hundreds of unarmed Vietnamese civilians, mostly women and children. The atrocity produced outrage and reduced support for the war in America and around the world when details of the massacre and an attempted cover-up were revealed in 1971. | 10 | |
| 5564880883 | Nixon Doctrine | President Nixon's plan for "peace with honor" in Vietnam. The doctrine stated that the United States would honor its existing defense commitments but, in the future, countries would have to fight their own wars. | 11 | |
| 5564880884 | Pentagon Papers | Secret U.S. government report detailing early planning and policy decisions regarding the Vietnam War under Presidents Kennedy and Johnson. Leaked to the New York Times in 1971, it revealed instances of governmental secrecy, lies, and incompetence in the prosecution of the war. | 12 | |
| 5564883814 | Philadelphia Plan | Require construction trade unions to work toward hiring more black apprentices. The plan altered Johnson's concept of "affirmative action" to focus on groups rather than individuals. | 13 | |
| 5564883815 | SALT II | Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty agreement between Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev and American president Jimmy Carter. Despite an accord to limit weapons between the two leaders, the agreement was ultimately scuttled in the U.S. Senate following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. | 14 | |
| 5564886093 | silent majority | Nixon Administration's term to describe generally content, law-abiding middle-class Americans who supported both the Vietnam War and America's institutions. As a political tool, the concept attempted to make a subtle distinction between believers in "traditional" values and the vocal minority of civil rights agitators, student protesters, counter-culturalists, and other seeming disruptors of the social fabric. | 15 | |
| 5564886094 | Southern Strategy | Nixon reelection campaign strategy designed to appeal to conservative whites in the historically Democratic south. The President stressed law and order issues and remained noncommittal on civil rights. This strategy typified the regional split between the two parties as white Southerners became increasingly attracted to the Republican party in the aftermath of the Civil Rights Movement. | 16 | |
| 5564888423 | Vietnamization | Military strategy launched by Nixon. The plan reduced the number of American combat troops in Vietnam and left more of the fighting to the South Vietnamese, who were supplied with American armor, tanks, and weaponry. | 17 | |
| 5564888424 | War Powers Act | Law passed by Congress limiting President's ability to wage war without approval. The act required the President to notify Congress within 48 hours of committing troops to a foreign conflict. An important consequence of the Vietnam War, this piece sought to reduce the President's authority in military matters. | 18 | |
| 5564890029 | Watergate | Series of scandals that resulted in President Richard Nixon's resignation amid calls for his impeachment. The episode sprang from a failed burglary attempt at Democratic party headquarters in Washington's Watergate Hotel during the election. | 19 | |
| 5564978456 | Henry A Kissinger | National Security Advisor and Secretary of State during the Nixon Administration. He was responsible for negotiating an end to the Yom Kippur War as well as the Treaty of Paris that led to a ceasefire in Vietnam in 1973. | 20 | |
| 5564978457 | Warren E Burger | Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1969 to 1986. Burger was responsible for bringing the Court somewhat back to the right after the Earl Warren years. He presided over major cases involving abortion, affirmative action, the death penalty, and school desegration | 21 | |
| 5564979771 | Rachel Carson | American conservationist whose 1962 book Silent Spring galvanized the modern environmental movement that gained significant traction in the 1970s. | 22 | |
| 5564979772 | George McGovern | Liberal senator from North Dakota who lost a landslide election to Richard Nixon. He eventually lost his senate seat in the conservative revolution that swept Ronald Reagan into the White House | 23 | |
| 5564981666 | Leonid Brezhnev | General Secretary of the Communist Party and premier of the Soviet Union from 1964, when he ousted Khrushchev, to his death. Brezhnev engaged in détente with American presidents Nixon, Ford, and Carter and in both series of SALT negotiations. He led the Soviet Union during its initial foray into Afghanistan | 24 | |
| 5564983394 | James E Carter Jr | 39th president of the United States. He defeated Gerald Ford. He arranged the Camp David Accords between Egypt and Israel but saw his foreign policy legacy tarnished by the Iranian Revolution and hostage crisis. He tried to rally the American spirit in the face of economic decline, but was unable to stop the rapid increase in inflation. After leaving the presidency, he achieved widespread respect as an elder statesman and won the Nobel Peace Prize. | 25 | |
| 5564983395 | John Dean III | White House counsel to Richard Nixon from 1970 to 1973 who became involved in the Watergate break-in and cover-up. After pleading guilty to obstruction of justice charges, he became a key witness for the prosecution whose testimony was later corroborated by tape recordings. | 26 | |
| 5564986295 | Gerald Ford | 38th president of the United States. A long-serving Congressman from Michigan, Ford was appointed vice president when Spiro Agnew resigned. He succeeded to the presidency upon Nixon's resignation and focused his brief administration on containing inflation and reviving public faith in the presidency. Ford was defeated narrowly by Jimmy Carter. | 27 |
Unit 1 AP US History Flashcards
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| 4780254346 | Christopher Columbus | Italian navigator who discovered the New World in the service of Spain while looking for a route to China (1451-1506) | 0 | |
| 4780254347 | Columbian Exchange | An exchange of goods, ideas and skills from the Old World (Europe, Asia and Africa) to the New World (North and South America) and vice versa. | 1 | |
| 4780254348 | Spanish Conquistadors | Early-sixteenth-century Spanish adventurers who conquered Mexico, Central America, and Peru. | 2 | |
| 4780254349 | Cortes and the Aztecs | Cortes was a Spanish conquistador who traveled to Mesoamerica. He was welcomed by the Aztec, who thought he was their prophesied god Quetzlcoatl because he matched the description (white foreigner). He turned on them real quick and captured Moctezuma. He could've destroyed them with military power (guns & steel swords), but he was instead aided by germs (smallpox and other diseases). | 3 | |
| 4780254350 | Pizzaro and the Inca | Pizzaro read about Cortes as a young sapling, said "I wanna do that when I grow up," then sailed to Peru. He met the Inca, 1/2 of whom had already died of disease that was previously brought over, and vanquished them in a flashy display. He basically copied Cortes, kidnapping the emperor Atahualpa and killing the rest with infectious disease and vicious murder. | 4 | |
| 4780254351 | Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade | A commercial system surrounding the process of transporting blacks from Africa to the New World (read: sugar/tobacco plantations) and occasionally to Europe for forced labor. | 5 | |
| 4780254352 | Middle Passage | Forced transport of African slaves to colonies. 250,000 Africans came to American Colonies during 1700s. 1/10 slave ships had revolts, which were almost entirely unsuccessful (exception: Amistad). Extremely poor conditions: overcrowding, dysentery (due to urine/fecal matter), and malnutrition. | 6 | |
| 4780254354 | Encomienda System | A grant of land made by Spain to a conquistador to settle in the Americas, including the right to use local Native Americans as laborers. | 7 | |
| 4780254356 | Bartolome de Las Casas | Published an eloquent defense of indian rights, which among other things questioned european conquest. "Black Legend" theory = Spanish conquest was basically evil: just torture, disease, exploitation, and massacre. Triggered a heated debate in Spain. | 8 | |
| 4780254360 | Pueblo Revolt (1680) | Also known as "Popé's Rebellion" against Spanish colonizers. Relentless wave of soldiers, missionaries, & settlers took over lands in "Entradas." The Priests tried to force the Natives into Catholicism, forbidding dances and destroying ceremonial objects. The Pueblos revolted, destroying all Spanish forts and missions in New Mexico. It took the Spanish more than a decade to regain control. | 9 | |
| 4780254364 | Robert Cavelier de La Salle | Led an expedition in 1682 to the mouth of the Mississippi River. He claimed the entire valley for France and called it Louisiana in honor of King Louis XIV. | 10 | |
| 4780254366 | Queen Elizabeth I | This "virgin" queen ruled England from 1558-1603 years and was one of the most successful monarchs in English History. She was the last of the Tudors and a religious moderate with Protestant beliefs and Catholic traditions: she established the Anglican Church as the legally-backed, main religion in England. She supported the arts and exploration of the New World, increased the treasury, allowed "sea dogs" to pirate Spanish ships. The Spanish Armada was defeated during her reign, which reflected well on her. | 11 | |
| 4780254367 | Protestant Reformation | Started in 1517 with the publication of German theologian Martin Luther's "95 Theses" that criticized Catholicism by marginalizing Pope's authority, revealing that the merits of Saints had no scriptural foundation, and demeaning the selling of indulgences. It was heightened by John Calvin's focus on salvation & sovereignty as well has his doctrine of predestination. His community in Geneva, Switzerland and led to the establishment of the Protestant churches (Lutherans, Calvinists, Presbyterians, Anglicans, Anabaptist) throughout the 16th century. | 12 | |
| 4780254368 | Church of England | When the Pope would not annul Henry VIII's marriage, he split off from the Roman Catholic church and created Anglicism in 1534. | 13 | |
| 4780254369 | Spanish Armada | As directed by Philip II, a Spanish fleet set out in 1588 to invade England and reestablish Catholic dominance there.A raging storm in the English Channel and the smaller but tactical English navy led by Francis Drake ended that plan. This is viewed as the decline of Spain's Golden Age, and the rise of England as a world naval power. | 14 | |
| 4780254370 | Sir Walter Raliegh | Sponsored the settlement of Roanoke in the Carolinas in 1584. He left the colony to get supplies and when he returned, they'd vanished almost without a trace. | 15 | |
| 4780254371 | Virginia Company | Joint-Stock Company in London that received a charter for land in the new world. Charter guarantees new colonists same rights as people back in England. Founded Jamestown settlement | 16 | |
| 4780254372 | King James I | 1566-1625 King of England. Gave the Virginia Company of London a charter to set up a colony in 1607... Jamestown. | 17 | |
| 4780254373 | Capt. John Smith | Saved the settlement of Jamestown during that first, hard winter by taking over as leader. He enforced the "no work, no food" rule, the digging of wells, building of better shelters, planting of crops and raiding of Powhatan villages for food. | 18 | |
| 4780254374 | Chief Powhatan/Powhaten | Chief of the eponymous tribe also known as Virginia Algonquians who traded with the English settlers at Jamestown. Father of Pocahontas and brother of Opchanacanough. | 19 | |
| 4780254375 | Pocahontas | Saved John Smith from execution Later married John Rolfe and moved to England with him. She helped fix relations between the Powhatan and the Jamestown settlers, initially by performing cartwheels in the nude. | 20 | |
| 4780254376 | First Anglo-Powhatan War | (1610-1614) Lord De La Warr of the Virginia Company initiated conflict with the Indians. It ended with the union of John Rolfe and Pocahontas. | 21 | |
| 4780254378 | John Rolfe | He brought a new strain of tobacco to Jamestown, which saved the colony from fiscal failure, and married Pocahontas. | 22 | |
| 4780254379 | Headright System | A way to attract immigrants; gave 50 acres of land to any plantation owner who paid their his passage and/or person who paid an indentured servant's way; predominately in Chesapeake Bay (VA & MD) | 23 | |
| 4780254380 | Second Anglo-Powhatan War | Indians' last effort to dislodge Virginians that was unsuccessful. Peace treaty of 1646 crushed any hope of creating an integrated Virginia society or coexistence with the native peoples. | 24 | |
| 4780254381 | 1619 | 1)The Virginia House of Burgesses formed, the first legislative body in colonial America. Later other colonies would adopt their own representative governments when possible. 2)Also, the first African slaves were brought to the New World. | 25 | |
| 4780254382 | Predestination | Calvin's religious theory that God has already determined who will receive salvation (the elect). | 26 | |
| 4780254384 | Puritans | A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England. They came to America to be a "city on a hill," and exemplify perfect Christian living. They settled Massachusetts Bay in 1629. NOT SEPARATISTS! | 27 | |
| 4780254385 | The Pilgrims | They didn't want to pay taxes to support the Anglican church or be conscripted in the military, so they separated. Arrived on the Mayflower in Plymouth. | 28 | |
| 4780254386 | Mayflower Compact | 1620 - The first agreement for autocracy (self-gov't) in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony that didn't heed English monarchs initially. | 29 | |
| 4780254389 | King Charles I | (ruled 1625- 1649), He came to power after King James. He was a cruel opponent of the Puritans and Parliament. Eventually, the people revolted against him and led a resistance to overthrow the king. | 30 | |
| 4780254390 | John Winthrop | 1588-1649 First governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630. | 31 | |
| 4780254391 | 1630 A Model of Christian Charity | Written by John Winthrop. Inequality is good, enables God to manifest Himself and be glorified. Allows rich to be generous and give and the poor to receive and be humble. Increases interdependence and community. Love is a ligament that binds the body of Christ (church, people, community). City upon a Hill. "Eyes of the world" focused on them. Influenced American religious and societal ideals. | 32 | |
| 4780254392 | Massachusetts Bay Colony | 1629 - King Charles gave the Puritans a right to settle and govern a colony in this area. The colony established relative political freedom and a representative government. However, church and state were far from separated (the so-called elect ran the town), neighbors were all up in each other's business, and dissension would reach a tipping point in just 15 years. | 33 | |
| 4780254394 | Pequot War | 1637 The Mass. Bay and Plymouth colonists wanted to claim CT for themselves, but it belonged to a Native American tribe called the Pequot. The colonists burned down their village and 400 were killed. | 34 | |
| 4780254395 | Roger Williams | A dissenter who clashed with the Massachusetts Puritans over separation of church and state and was banished in 1636, after which he founded the colony of Rhode Island to the south. He eventually started the first Baptist church in America. | 35 | |
| 4780254397 | Metacom's War (King Philip's war) | Period of bloody conflict between Wampanoag Indians and Puritan settlers in New England (1675-1676); an example of Indian resistance to English expansion in North America. | 36 | |
| 4780254398 | New Hampshire | The population as well as the activities of fishing and trading were growing. Puritans lived in small farms on rocky land. It was absorbed by Bay Colony then separated by the king and made into royal colony. | 37 | |
| 4780254399 | Salem Witch trials | 1629 outbreak of fear, hysteria, and stress in Salem, a Puritan village in Massachusetts. Rev. Samuel Parris' two daughters started having strange afflictions and it spread to all the girls in the village. Three women, including Parris' Indian slave Tituba, were accused of witchcraft. The governor created a special court to try all those suspected of dealing with the devil. Many were hung and drowned in the ordeal. Later, the governor and all jurors apologized for their involvement after realizing the ridiculousness of the hubbub. | 38 | |
| 4780254402 | Henry Hudson | An English explorer who explored for the Dutch. He claimed the Hudson River around and founded the city of New Amsterdam, which became the capital of New Netherland. The area did not attract a lot of Dutch settlers because freehold farmers there had more rights and the climate was cold. However, the fur trade did draw some. | 39 | |
| 4780254403 | Five Nations Iroquois | Strong ties with Dutch; traded furs for guns and wampum; attacked French and Hurons. Fought w/ British in both French & Indian War and later in the American Revolution. Were originally brought together by mourning ceremonies that Hiawatha learned from spirits. Eventually became Six Nations. | 40 | |
| 4780254405 | Royal Colony | A colony under the direct control of a monarch. | 41 | |
| 4780254406 | Proprietary Colony | A colony owned and ruled by one person who was chosen by a king or queen. Most were given to the proprietors because the King owed someone money or a favor. | 42 | |
| 4780254407 | Lord Baltimore | 1694- Cecil Calvert. The founder of Maryland, a colony which offered religious freedom, and a refuge for the Roman Catholics being persecuted in England. | 43 | |
| 4780254408 | Maryland | 1632; founded in Northern half of the Chesapeak Bay Region; becomes safe place for English Catholics | 44 | |
| 4780254409 | Act for Religious Toleration | First law in America (Maryland) to call for freedom of worship for all *Christians*. Passed in 1649 to quell disputes between Catholics and Protestants, but failed to bring peace in the long run. | 45 | |
| 4780254410 | Bacon's Rebellion | 1676 - Nathaniel Bacon and other western Virginia settlers were angry at Governor William Berkeley for trying to appease the Doeg Indians even after they'd attacked the western settlements. The frontiersmen formed an army, with Bacon as its leader, which defeated the Indians and then marched on Jamestown. They burned down the city. However, the rebellion ended suddenly when Bacon died of an illness | 46 | |
| 4780254411 | William Berkeley | Governor of Virginia. Did not provide protection to the settlers from the Indians, and actually acted favorably towards the Deog, which pissed off some indentured servants and freeholders, leading to Bacon's Rebellion in 1676. | 47 | |
| 4780254413 | Charles II | King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1660-1685) who reigned during the Restoration, a period of expanding trade and colonization as well as strong opposition to Catholicism | 48 | |
| 4780254414 | Navigation Acts | Starting in 1650 with decisions made by Charles II's Parliament, laws were passed that required (among other things) that all goods to and from the colonies be transported on British ships. Goal: to keep colonial trade in the hands of the motherland. It wasn't a cup of tea or a piece of cake, though: many of the acts were hard to enforce, and thus, largely ignored by foreign and colonial merchants. | 49 | |
| 4780254415 | The Carolinas | Granted to eight nobles by Charles II as a reward for helping him attain the English throne. The North was settled mainly by poor tobacco farmers and the South became farmers of rice and indigo. Initially exploiting Native Americans, they turned to English indentured servants and finally to African slave labor. This shift occurred because the labor was backbreaking, people were contracting malaria, and NAs died much faster than Africans did. By 1680, Black slaves far outnumbered indentured servants in all the colonies. | 50 | |
| 4780254416 | New York | (Middle Colony) It was founded by the Dutch for trade and furs (Henry Hudson, New Netherland) and became a proprietary English Colony (owned and governed by Chuck II's bro James, the Duke of York) in 1664. | 51 | |
| 4780254419 | William Penn | A friend who founded Pennsylvania to establish a place where his people and others could live in peace and be free from persecution.Oxymoronically, Quaker Billy lived a lavish lifestyle. | 52 | |
| 4780254422 | Dominion Of New England | 1686- James I's combines the colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Connecticut into a single province headed by a royal governor (Sir Edmund Andros). William & Mary didn't scrap the royal province when they came into power, but it ended in 1692, when the colonists revolted and drove Andros out. | 53 | |
| 4780254423 | The Glorious Revolution | (1688 - 1689), Bloodless coup d'etat (overthrow) of Catholic monarch James II of England b/c his wife gave birth to a son and the Protestant Whig Party didn't want him to reign. They knew that if he succeeded his father, Parliament would continue to be a legislative joke→ enthroned Dutch prince William II and WASP wife Mary I (Stuart)→ mob in Boston rose up against Dominion of New England. Result: new monarchs relax control over colonial trade and predestination/salvation r cool in England. | 54 | |
| 4780254425 | Leisler's Rebellion | 1689- 1691. Rebellion that took place in NYC due to conflicts between landholders and merchants (social strife). | 55 | |
| 4780254426 | James Oglethorpe | English leader who founded the colony of Georgia as a place where debtors from English prisons could begin new lives. Enforced strict regulations (ex: no drinking), but was a pretty nice dude (philanthropist). | 56 | |
| 4780254436 | George Whitefield | Credited with starting the Great Awakening, also a leader of the "New Lights." A religious big wig. Or should I say Big whig? | 57 | |
| 4780254439 | Presbyterians | A branch of Protestant Christianity that has theological Calvinist tradition, emphasizes the sovereignty of God, the authority of the Scriptures, and the necessity of grace through faith in Christ | 58 | |
| 4780254440 | Old Lights | Conservative clergymen who were against the emotional approach of the Great Awakening. Include the following denominations: Congregationalist (Puritans) | 59 | |
| 4780254441 | New Lights | Clergymen who defended the Great Awakening for reinvigorating American religion. Reformed denominations included the Calvinist Pres-biters, Bat-pisseds, Methodisseds, and Congregationalist Pour-it-ins. | 60 | |
| 4780254443 | Jonathan Edwards | A Congregationalist preacher of the Great Awakening who spoke of the fiery depths of hell. Famous sermon: "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God." Very captivating articulation. Also Henneberry's Halloween costume this year. | 61 |
Chapter 7 AP US History Flashcards
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| 7689327177 | Judiciary Act of 1789 | Legislation passed by Congress that created the federal court system, each state would have 3 circuit courts and one federal court | 0 | |
| 7689371733 | Bill of Rights | A safeguard of personal rights: freedom of speech and religion,mandate legal procedures (trial by jury) | 1 | |
| 7689414325 | Report on the Public Credit | Hamilton asked congress to redeem 55 million in confederation securities held by foreign and domestic inventors | 2 | |
| 7689435033 | Bank of the United States | Chartered by Hamilton, would be owned by private stockholders and national government | 3 | |
| 7689467816 | Report on Manufacturers | Urged the expansion of American manufacturing (Hamilton did not support High Tariffs that would exclude other foreign products) | 4 | |
| 7689556174 | Proclamation of Neutrality | allowing US citizens to trade with all belligerents | 5 | |
| 7689583617 | French Revolution | abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy | 6 | |
| 7689599483 | Jacobins | members of a revolutionary political club made during the French Revolution | 7 | |
| 7689687914 | Whiskey Revolution | a protest to Hamilton's tax on spirits, tax had cut demand for the corn whiskey the farmers distilled and bartered for eastern manufacturers | 8 | |
| 7689737442 | Jays Treaty | treaty between the united states and the Britain, negotiated by John Jay,accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships but allowed American citizens to submit claims for illegal seizures and required British to remove their troops for Indian agents from the Northwest Territory | 9 | |
| 7689823791 | Haitian Revolution | conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European Countries | 10 | |
| 7689958345 | XYZ Affair | French foreign minister talleyrand solicited a loan and bribe from from American diplomats to stop the seizures, Adams charged Talleyrands agents he dubbed at X Y and Z, had insulted Americas honor | 11 | |
| 7690076594 | Naturalization Act | Lengthened residency requirement or American citizenship from 5 to 14 years | 12 | |
| 7690104061 | Alien Act | Authorized deportation of foreigners | 13 | |
| 7690113240 | Sedition Act | prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or member of congress | 14 | |
| 7690137691 | Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions | set for the states rights interpretation of the constitution, asserting that states had a "right to judge the legitimacy of national laws | 15 | |
| 7690166145 | Treaty of Greenville | American negotiators acknowledged the Indian ownership of land and in return of various payments the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio | 16 | |
| 7690223918 | Marbury vs Madison (1803) | Marbury asserted that Madison had the right to appointment but that the court did not have the constitutional power to enforce it. | 17 | |
| 7690260328 | Louisiana Purchase | 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi river that stretched from the golf of Mexico to Canada | 18 | |
| 7690313398 | The Embargo Act | prohibited American ships from leaving their home ports until France and Britain stopped restricting US trade | 19 | |
| 7690333761 | Battle of Tippecanoe | Attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown on the Tippecanoe River in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison, Indianas Territorial governor | 20 | |
| 7690395679 | Treaty of Ghent | retained the prewar borders of the US, signed on Christmas Eve | 21 | |
| 7690421937 | McCulloch v Maryland (1819) | Second Bank of America allowed the bank to set up state branches that competed with state chartered banks | 22 | |
| 7690493309 | Adams-Onis treaty | persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the US | 23 | |
| 7690529164 | Monroe Doctrine | pledged that the US wouldn't interfere in the international concerns of European Nations | 24 |
AMSCO AP US History Chapter 1 Flashcards
AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 1 A New World of Many Cultures, 1491-1607
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| 6598953693 | corn | The Mayas and the Incas cultivated corn as an important stable food supply. (p. 2) |  | 0 |
| 6598953694 | horses | It was not until the 17th century that the American Indians acquired these animals from the Spanish. (p. 4) |  | 1 |
| 6598953695 | disease | When Europeans came to America they brought smallpox and measles to which the natives had no resistance. Millions of American Indians died from these diseases. (p. 8) |  | 2 |
| 6598953696 | encomienda system | King of Spain gave grants of land and natives (as slaves) to individual Spaniards. (p. 8) |  | 3 |
| 6598953697 | asiento system | This system required that a tax be paid to the King of Spain, for slaves that were imported to the Americas. (p. 8) |  | 4 |
| 6598953698 | slavery | As far back as the 1500s the Spanish brought captured Africans to America to provide free labor. (p. 11) |  | 5 |
| 6598953699 | land bridge | Some time between 10,000 and 40,000 years ago, people migrated from Asia to the Americas, across this area that connected Siberia and Alaska. (p. 2) |  | 6 |
| 6598953700 | Adena-Hopewell | This American Indian culture centered in Ohio created large earthen mounds as tall as 300 feet. (p. 4) |  | 7 |
| 6598953701 | Hokokam, Anasazi, and Pueblos | These American Indians were located in the New Mexico and Arizona region. They developed farming using irrigation systems. (p. 4) |  | 8 |
| 6598953702 | Woodland mound builders | American Indian tribe east of the Mississippi that prospered because of a rich food supply. (p. 4) |  | 9 |
| 6598953703 | Lakota Sioux | American Indian tribe that started using horses in the 17th century. This allowed them to change from farming to nomadic buffalo hunting. (p. 4) |  | 10 |
| 6598953704 | Mayas | From A.D. 300 to 800, this highly developed civilization built large cities in what is today's southern Mexico and Guatemala. (p. 2) |  | 11 |
| 6598953705 | Incas | This highly developed civilization developed a vast South American empire based in Peru. (p. 2) |  | 12 |
| 6598953706 | Aztecs | Starting about 1300, this civilization flourished in central Mexico. (p. 2) |  | 13 |
| 6598953707 | conquistadores | These Spanish explorers and conquerors of the Americas sent ships loaded with gold and silver back to Spain making it the richest and most powerful nation in Europe. (p. 8) |  | 14 |
| 6598953708 | Hernan Cortes | He conquered the Aztecs in Mexico. (p. 8) |  | 15 |
| 6598953709 | Native Americans | The first people to settle North America arrived as many as 40,000 years ago. They came from Asia and may have crossed by a land bridge connecting Siberia and Alaska. (p. 1) |  | 16 |
| 6598953710 | Francisco Pizarro | He conquered the Incas in Peru. (p. 8) |  | 17 |
| 6598953711 | New Laws of 1542 | Bartolome de Las Casas convinced the King of Spain to institute these laws, which ended American Indian slavery, ended forced Indian labor, and began the process of ending the encomienda systems. (p. 11) |  | 18 |
| 6598953712 | Roanoke Island | In 1587, Sir Walter Raleigh attempted to establish a settlement here, but it failed. (p. 9) |  | 19 |
| 6598953713 | compass | One aspect of the Renaissance was a gradual increase in scientific knowledge and technological change. Europeans made improvements in the inventions of others. this invention was used in sailing. (p. 5) |  | 20 |
| 6598953714 | printing press | This invention in the 1450s spread knowledge across Europe. (p 5) |  | 21 |
| 6598953715 | Ferdinand and Isabella | They united Spain, defeated and drove out the Moors. In 1492, they funded Christopher Columbus's voyage to America. (p. 5) |  | 22 |
| 6598953716 | Protestant Reformation | In the early 1500s, certain Christians in Germany, England, France, Holland, and other northern European countries revolted against the authority of the pope in Rome. (p. 6) |  | 23 |
| 6598953717 | Henry the Navigator | The monarch of Portugal. (p. 7) |  | 24 |
| 6598953718 | Christopher Columbus | He spent 8 years seeking financial support for his plan to sail west from Europe to the "Indies". In 1492, he sailed from the Canary Islands to an island in the Bahamas. His success in discovering lands on the other side of the ocean brought him a burst of glory in Spain. (p. 7) |  | 25 |
| 6598953719 | Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) | In 1494, this treaty between Spain and Portugal, moved the line of demarcation that the pope had established a few degrees to the west. (p. 8) |  | 26 |
| 6598953720 | slave trade | Since ancient times people in Europe, Africa, and Asia had enslaved pepoe captured in wars. In the 15 century the Portuguese began trading for slaves from West Africa. They used slaves to work in sugar plantation off the coast of Africa. Using slaves was so profitable that when the Europeans settled in the Americas, they instituted the slave system there. (p, 6) |  | 27 |
| 6598953721 | nation-state | In the 15th century, small kingdoms and multiethnic empires were being replaced by nation-states. Nation-states were countries in which the majority of people shared a common culture and common loyalty toward a central government. (p. 6) |  | 28 |
| 6598953722 | Algonquian | The American Indians had 20 language families and 400 distinct languages. This tribe in the Northeast was one of the largest. (p. 4) |  | 29 |
| 6598953723 | Siouan | The American Indians had 20 language families and 400 distinct languages. This tribe from the Great Plains was one of the largest. (p. 4) |  | 30 |
| 6598953724 | Iroquois Confederation | A political union of five independent American Indian tribes in the Mohawk Valley of New York. (p. 5) |  | 31 |
| 6598953725 | longhouses | American Indians along the Pacific Coast lived in the these plank houses. (p. 4) |  | 32 |
| 6598953726 | John Cabot | An Italian sea captain who sailed under contract to England's King Henry VII. He explored the coast of Newfoundland in 1497. (p. 9) |  | 33 |
| 6598953727 | Jacques Cartier | In the period for 1534 to 1542, he explored the St. Lawrence River. (p. 10) |  | 34 |
| 6598953728 | Samuel de Champlain | He established the first permanent French settlement at Quebec, a fortified village on the St. Lawrence River. (p., 10) |  | 35 |
| 6598953729 | Henry Hudson | This English sailer was hired by the Dutch government to seek a westward passage to Asia through North America. In 1609, while searching for the passage, he sailed up a broad river that would later be named the Hudson River. (p 10) |  | 36 |
| 6598953730 | Bartolome de Las Casa | A Spanish priest who was an advocate for better treatment of Indians. (p. 11) | | 37 |
| 6598953731 | Valladolid Debate | In 1550-1551, in Valladolid, Spain, a formal debate concerning the role of American Indians in the Spanish colonies. (p. 11) |  | 38 |
| 6598953732 | Juan Gines de Sepulveda | In the Valladolid Debate, this Spaniard argued that the American Indians were less than human. (p. 11) |  | 39 |
AP US History "The American Pageant"- Chapter 12 Flashcards
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| 5096465031 | William Henry Harrison | Govenor of the Indiana territory, that fought against Tecumseh and the Prophet in the battle of Tippecanoe | 0 | |
| 5096465032 | Francis Scott Key | United States lawyer and poet who wrote a poem after witnessing the British attack on Baltimore during the War of 1812; wrote "The Star Spangled Banner" | 1 | |
| 5096465033 | Andrew Jackson | The seventh President of the United States (1829-1837), who as a general in the War of 1812 defeated the British at New Orleans (1815). As president he opposed the Bank of America, objected to the right of individual states to nullify disagreeable federal laws, and increased the presidential powers. | 2 | |
| 5096465034 | Washington Irving | Author, diplomat, wrote The Sketch Book, which included "Rip Van Winkle" and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow," the first American to be recognized in England (and elsewhere) as a writer | 3 | |
| 5096465035 | James Monroe | He was the fifth President of the United States. He is the author of the Monroe Doctrine. Proclaimed that the Americas should be closed to future European colonization and free from European interference in sovereign countries' affairs. It further stated the United States' intention to stay neutral in European wars | 4 | |
| 5096465036 | James Fenimore Cooper | American novelist who is best remembered for his novels of frontier life, such as The Last of the Mohicans (1826). | 5 | |
| 5096465037 | John Marshall | Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1801 to 1835. Presided over cases such as Marbury V. Madison | 6 | |
| 5096465038 | John C. Calhoun | (1830s-40s) Leader of the Fugitive Slave Law, which forced the cooperation of Northern states in returning escaped slaves to the south. He also argued on the floor of the senate that slavery was needed in the south. He argued on the grounds that society is supposed to have an upper ruling class that enjoys the profit of a working lower class. | 7 | |
| 5096465039 | John Quincy Adams | Secretary of State, He served as sixth president under Monroe. In 1819, he drew up the Adams-Onis Treaty in which Spain gave the United States Florida in exchange for the United States dropping its claims to Texas. The Monroe Doctrine was mostly Adams' work. | 8 | |
| 5096465040 | Daniel Webster | a senator from Massachusettes and the most powerful speaker of his time who was involved in the Webster-Hayne debate | 9 | |
| 5096465041 | McCulloch v. Maryland | Maryland was trying to tax the national bank and Supreme Court ruled that federal law was stronger than the state law | 10 | |
| 5096465042 | Cohens v. Virginia | Cohens found guilty of selling illegal lottery tickets and convicted, but taken to supreme court, and Marshall asserted right of Supreme Court to review decisions of state supreme court decisions. | 11 | |
| 5096465043 | Gibbons v. Ogden | steamboat case that gave broad interpretation to "interstate commerce" | 12 | |
| 5096465044 | Battle of Horseshoe Bend | fought during the War of 1812 in central Alabama. On March 27, 1814, United States forces and Indian allies under General Andrew Jackson defeated the Red Sticks, a part of the Creek Indian tribe inspired by the Shawnee leader Tecumseh, effectively ending the Creek War. | 13 | |
| 5096465045 | Fletcher v. Peck | Supreme Court has the power to declare state laws unconstitutional (Yazoo Land Act) | 14 | |
| 5096465046 | Dartmouth College v. Woodward | (1819)(New hamp. tried to take over a college by revising a charter)charters are protected under the contract clause of the U.S. constitution(marshall) | 15 | |
| 5096465047 | Era of Good Feeling | An political era when the Federalist party faded away and there were almost no divisions; James Monroe was President | 16 | |
| 5096465048 | Missouri Compromise | an agreement in 1820 between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States concerning the extension of slavery into new territories | 17 | |
| 5096465049 | Hartford Convention | Meeting of Federalists near the end of the War of 1812 in which the party listed it's complaints against the ruling Republican Party. These actions were largley viewed as traitorous to the country and lost the Federalist much influence | 18 | |
| 5096465050 | Battle of Plattsburgh | Battle where Thomas McDonough defeated the British in the North | 19 | |
| 5096465051 | Treaty of Ghent | Treaty that ended the War of 1812 and maintained prewar conditions | 20 | |
| 5096465052 | Tallmadge Amendment | This was an attempt to have no more slaves to be brought to Missouri and provided the gradual emancipation of the children of slaves. In the mind of the South, this was a threat to the sectional balance between North and South. User-contributed | 21 | |
| 5096465053 | Monroe Doctrine | A statement of foreign policy which proclaimed that Europe should not interfere in affairs within the United States or in the development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere. | 22 | |
| 5096465054 | Land Act of 1820 | authorized a buyer to purchase 80 virgin acres at a minimum of $1.25 per acre in cash, it also brought about cheap transportation and cheap money | 23 | |
| 5096465055 | Battle of the Thames | Battle at which Tecumseh died in, which ended the Indian confederation | 24 | |
| 5096465056 | Constitution | a written plan of government | 25 | |
| 5096465057 | Florida Purchase Treaty | 1819 - Under the Adams-Onis Treaty, Spain sold Florida to the U.S., and the U.S. gave up its claims to Texas. gave american southwest to spain | 26 | |
| 5096465058 | panic of 1819 | A natural post-war depression caused by overproduction and the reduced demand for goods after the war. However, it was generally blamed on the National Bank | 27 | |
| 5096465059 | Treaty of 1819 | This treaty between the Spanish and the Americans ceded Spanish-claimed Florida to America in return for the cession of Texas to the Spanish | 28 | |
| 5096465060 | Virginia dynasty | Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809), James Madison (1809-1817), James Monroe (1817-1825). All presidents from virginia. | 29 | |
| 5096465061 | Bonus Bill of 1817 | would have parceled out $1.5 M to the states for internal improvements | 30 | |
| 5096465062 | Tariff of 1816 | A protective tariff designed to help American industries | 31 | |
| 5096465063 | Second Bank of the United States | This institution was chartered in 1816 under President Madison and became a depository for federal funds and a creditor for (loaning money to) state banks. It became unpopular after being blamed for the panic of 1819, and suspicion of corruption and mismanagement haunted it until its charter expired in 1836. Jackson fought against this institution throughout his presidency, proclaiming it to be an unconstitutional extension of the federal government and a tool that rich capitalists used to corrupt American society. | 32 | |
| 5096465064 | Ohio fever | European immigrants bought large amounts of cheap west American land. | 33 | |
| 5096465065 | isolationism | a policy of nonparticipation in international economic and political relations | 34 |
AP US History: Chapter 1 Flashcards
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| 7043885803 | 1. Pueblos | multistoried, interconnected apartments centered around central complexes with underground kivas located in the Southwest | 0 | |
| 7043902833 | 2. Nantchez | society of farmers in the Mississippi flood plain. led by a chief and nobility, that survived into the 1700s | 1 | |
| 7043910291 | 3. Iroquois Confederation | confederation of the five tribes, Mohawk, Onondaga, Cayuga, Oneida, and Seneca. lived together and worked for prosperity, forbade fighting each other | 2 | |
| 7043917935 | 4. Apache | group descended from the Athapascan that moved south and came into conflict with the Anasazis and they remained nomadic in the Great Plains | 3 | |
| 7043917936 | 5. Cherokee | largest confederacy in the east that lived in modern Kentucky and the plateaus of Georgia, no ruling class, ruled by both men and women | 4 | |
| 7043917937 | 6. Longhouse | houses up to 400 feet long that housed entire tribes led matrilineally. The Iroquois Confederacy used a longhouse to explain their confederacy | 5 | |
| 7043917938 | 7. Navajo | descended from the Athapascans who adopted the farming and handicraft skills of their Pueblo neighbors | 6 | |
| 7043917939 | 8. Creek | group in Georgia, neighbors with the Chickasaw and Cherokee | 7 | |
| 7043919075 | 9. Algonquin | language/culture of the northeast. Includes the Iroquois and other tribes. Patrilineal and lived without palisades, some confederacies formed in the 1400s-1500s | 8 |
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