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Exam Format - AP Spanish Language Flashcards

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4679905511How long is the 1st section?95 minutes0
4679905512What percent is the 1st section of the final score?50 percent1
4679905513What is Part A of the 1st section?Interpretive Communication: Print texts2
4679905514How many questions are in Part A of the 1st section?30 questions3
4679905515How long is Part A of the 1st section?40 minutes4
4679905516What is Part B of the 1st section?Interpretive Communication: Print and Audio texts5
4679905517How many questions are in Part B of the 1st section?35 questions6
4679905518How long is Part B of the 1st section (Persuasive Essay)?55 minutes7
4679905519How long is the 2nd section?85 minutes8
4679905520What is the 1st section?Multiple Choice9
4679905521What is the 2nd section?Free Response10
4679905522What are the 3 mini-sections of the Free Response section?Interpersonal writing Presentational writing Interpersonal speaking11
4679912677How many prompts are in the Interpersonal Speaking?512
4679913748How many seconds do you have to respond for each of the Interpersonal speaking prompts?20 seconds13
4679916906What will you be writing in in the Interpersonal Mode?An e-mail14
4679924320What will you be presenting in the Presentational Mode?A persuasive essay15
4679926520How many sources will you need to use for your persuasive essay?316
4679927478What type of sources will you be given for the persuasive essay?One article, one graphic and one audio17
4679929208How many times will you be able to hear the audio?218
6355738691What will you do in the Presentational Speaking?A cultural comparison19
6355742241How long do you have to prepare for the Presentational speaking?Four minutes20
6355745979How long do you have to speak for the Presentational speaking?Two minutes21

AP English Literature Allusions Flashcards

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6029418196Achilles' heeltoday, one spot that is most vulnerable; one weakness a person may have0
6029422388Adonishandsome young man; Aphrodite loved him1
6029424778Aeoliananything pertaining to wind; god who was Keeper of Wind2
6029428223Apolloa physically perfect male; the God of music and light; known for his physical beauty3
6029431499Argus-eyedomniscient, all-seeing; from Argus, the 100-eyed monster that Hera had guarding Io4
6029435533Athena/Minervagoddess of wisdom, the city, and arts; patron goddess of the city of Athens5
6029440498Atlanteanstrong like Atlas - who carried the globe on his shoulders6
6029442991Auroraearly morning or sunrise; from the Roman personification of Dawn or Eos7
6029445924Bacchanalwild, drunken party or rowdy celebration; from god of wine Bacchus8
6029449597Bacchanalianpertaining to a wild, drunken party or celebration from god of wine9
6029456724Calliopeseries of whistles --circus organ; from the Muse of eloquence or beautiful voice10
6029465315Cassandraa person who continually predicts misfortune but often is not believed; from (Greek legends) a daughter of Priam cursed by Apollo for not returning his love; he left her with the gift of prophecy but made it so no one would believe her11
6029468346Centaura monster that had the head, arms, and chest of a man, and the body and legs of a horse12
6029471980Chimeraa horrible creature of the imagination, an absurd or impossible idea; wild fancy; a monster with a lion's head, a goat's body, and a serpent's tail, supposed to breathe out fire13
6029471981Cupidityeager "desire" to possess something; greed or avarice; Roman god of love14
6029471982Eroticof or having to do with sexual passion or love; Greek god of love15
6029474552Furorwild enthusiasm or excitement, rage16
6029474553Gorgona very ugly or terrible person, especially a repulsive woman.; Medusa, any one or three sisters have snakes for hair and faces so horrible that anyone who looked at them turned to stone17
6029474554Halcyonclam, peaceful, tranquil --Archaic bird supposed to breed in a nest on the sea and calm the water, identified with the kingfisher18
6029474555Harpya predatory person or nagging woman19
6029476224Hectorto bully20
6029476225Helenof or relating to Greece, or a Specialist of language or culture in Greece; symbol of a beautiful woman21
6029476226Herculeanvery strong or of extraordinary power22
6029476227Hydra-Headedhaving many centers or branches, hard to bring under control; something bad you cannot eradicate23
6029478407Iridescenta play of colors producing rainbow effects24
6029478408Jovialgood humored25
6029480402Junoesquemarked by stately beauty26
6029480403Lethargyabnormal drowsiness or inertia27
6029480404Martialsuited for war or a warrior28
6029482462Medeasorceress or enchantress29
6029482463Mentora trusted counselor or guide30
6029482464Mercurialsuddenly cranky or changeable31
6029484395Mercury/Hermesa carrier or tidings, a newsboy, a messenger; messenger of the gods, conductor of souls to the lower world, and god of eloquence; the fabled inventor, wore winged hat and sandals32
6029484396Mnemonicsa device used to aid memory; the personification of memory33
6029484397Morphinea bitter white, crystalline alkaloid used to relieve pain and induce sleep34
6029484398Musesome creature of inspiration ; the daughters of Mnemosyne and Zeus, divine singers that presided over thought in all its forms35
6029486074Narcissismbeing in love with our own self-image36
6029486075Nemesisjust punishment, one who inflicts due punishment; goddess who punishes crime; but more often she is the power charged with curbing all excess, such as excessive good fortune or arrogant pride37
6029486076Neptunethe sea personified; the Roman god associated with Poseidon, god of the water and oceans38
6029486077Niobemournful woman39
6029487693Odysseya long journey40
6029487694Olympianmajestic in manner, superior to mundane affairs41
6029487695Paeana song of joy; a ritual epithet of Apollo the healer42
6029487696Pandora's BoxSomething that opens the door for bad occurrences, opened by someone known for curiosity43
6029490110ParnassusMountain was sacred to arts and literature; any center of poetic or artistic activity; .poetry or poets collectively, a common title for selection of poetry44
6029490111PegasusPoetic inspiration; named after a winged horse which sprang from the blood of Medusa at her death; a stamp of his hoof caused Hippocrene, the fountain of the Muses, to issue poetic inspiration from Mount Helicon45
6029491681Phoenixa symbol of immortality or rebirth46
6029491682Plutocracya government by the wealthy47
6029491683Prometheanlife-bringing, creative, or courageously original; named after a Titan who brought man the use of fire which he had stolen from heaven for their benefit48
6029491684Proteantaking many forms, versatile49
6029493362Psychethe human soul, self, the mind50
6029614630Pygmalionsomeone (usually a male) who tries to fashion someone into the person he desires; from a myth adapted into a play by George Bernard Shaw; a womanhating sculptor who makes a female figure of ivory who Aphrodite brings to life for him51
6029791523Pyrrhic victorya too costly victory52
6029791524Saturnaliaa period of unrestrained revelry53
6029791525Saturninesluggish, gloomy, morose, inactive in winter months54
6029791526Sibyla witch or sorceress; a priestess who made known the oracles of Apollo and possessed the gift of prophecy55
6029792816Sisypheangreedy and avaricious56
6029792817Stentorianhaving a loud voice57
6029792818Stygaindark and gloomy58
6029792819Tantalizealways tempting him as punishment for excessive pride59
6029796338Terpischoreanpertaining to dance60
6029796339Titaniclarge, grand, enormous61
6029797794Volcanoesthe Roman god of fire, whose forge is said to be under mountains62
6029799587Vulcanizeto treat rubber with sulfur to increase strength and elasticity63
6029799588Zeusa powerful man; king of the gods, ruler of Mt. Olympus, vengeful hurler of thunderbolts64
6029799589Babbitta self-satisfied person concerned chiefly with business and middle-class ideals like material success; a member of the American working class whose unthinking attachment to its business and social ideals is such to make him a model of narrow-mindedness and self-satisfaction65
6029801112Brobdingnagiangigantic, enormous, on a large scale, enlarged66
6029801113Bumbleto speak or behave clumsily or faltering, to make a humming or droning sound67
6029801128Cinderellaone who gains affluence or recognition after obscurity and neglect, a person or thing whose beauty or worth remains unrecognized; after the fairytale heroine who escapes form a life of drudgery through the intervention of a fairy godmother and marries a handsome prince68
6029803640Don Juana libertine, profligate, a man obsessed with seducing women69
6029803641Don Quixotesomeone overly idealistic to the point of having impossible dreams; from the crazed and impoverished Spanish noble who sets out to revive the glory of knighthood, romanticized in the musical The Man of La Mancha based on the story by Cervantes70
6029803642Panglossianblindly or misleadingly optimistic71
6029805512Falstaffianfull of wit and bawdy humor72
6029806944FrankensteinAnything that threatens or destroys its creator; from.the young scientist in Mary Shelley's novel of this name, who creates a monster that eventually destroys him73
6029806945FridayA faithful and willing attendant, ready to turn his hand to anything74
6029806946GalahadA pure and noble man with limited ambition; in the legends of King Arthur, the purest and most virtuous knight of the Round Table, the only knight to find the Holy Grail75
6029808544Jekyll and HydeA capricious person with two sides to his/her personality76
6029808545Lilliputiandescriptive of a very small person or of something diminutive, trivial or petty77
6029808546Little Lord Fauntleroyrefers either to a certain type of children's clothing or to a beautiful, but pampered and effeminate small boy; from a work by Frances H. Burnett, the main character, seven-year-old Cedric Errol, was a striking figure, dressed in black velvet with a lace collar and yellow curls78
6029810279Lotharioused to describe a man whose chief interest is seducing a woman; from the play The Fair Penitent by Nicholas Rowe, the main character and the seducer79
6029810280MalapropismThe usually unintentional humorous misuse or distortion of a word or phrase, especially the use of a word sounding somewhat like the one intended, but ludicrously wrong in context80
6029811926Milquetoasta timid, weak, or unassertive person81
6029811927Pickwickianhumorous, sometimes derogatory82
6029811928Pollyannaa person characterized by impermissible optimism and a tendency to find good in everything, a foolishly or blindly optimistic person83
6029814026Pooh-baha pompous, ostentatious official, especially one who, holding many offices, fulfills none of them, a person who holds high office84
6029814027Quixotichaving foolish and impractical ideas of honor, or schemes for the general good85
6029815670Robota machine that looks like a human being and performs various acts of a human being, a similar but functional machine whose lack of capacity for human emotions is often emphasized by an efficient, insensitive person who functions automatically86
6029815671Rodomontadebluster and boasting87
6029817350Scroogea bitter and/or greedy person; from Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol, an elderly stingy miser who is given a reality check by 3 visiting ghosts88
6029817351Simon Legreea harsh, cruel, or demanding person in authority, such as an employer or officer that acts in this manner89
6029817352Svengalia person with an irresistible hypnotic power ; from a person in a novel written in 1894 by George Mauriers; a musician who hypnotizes and gains control over the heroine90
6029817353Tartuffehypocrite or someone who is hypocritical; central character in a comedy by Moliere produced in 1667; Moliere was famous for his hypocritical piety91
6029819413Uncle Tomsomeone thought to have the timid service attitude like that of a slave to his owner92
6029819414Uriah Heea fawning toadie, an obsequious person; from a character in Charles Dickens' David Copperfield93
6029819415Walter Mittya commonplace non-adventuresome person who seeks escape from reality through Daydreaming, a henpecked husband or dreamer; after a daydreaming henpecked "hero" in a story by James Thurber94
6029821235Yahooa boorish, crass, or stupid person; from a member of a race of brutes in Swift's Gulliver's Travels who have the form and all the vices of humans95
6029822752Absoloma son who brings heartache to his father; from the third son of David, King of Israel. Exiled for three years before he was allowed to return to the court or see his royal father96
6029822753Alpha and OmegaThe beginning and the end, from a quote in Revelations in the New Testament97
6029824217Caina brother who kills a brother98
6029824218Danielone known for wisdom and accurate judgment; from a wise leader in the Old Testament who was able to read the handwriting on the wall99
6029824219David and Bethshebarepresents a big sin100
6029826474Eye of the NeedleA very difficult task101
6029826475Filthy LucreMoney or profits; from a story in the NT of Jesus casting moneylenders out of the Temple102
6029826476Goliatha large person; from the giant from the Philistine city of Gath, slain by David, when he was a shepherd boy103
6029828703Good Samaritansomeone who helps another person, perhaps someone of a different race or background104
6029830287Handwriting on the wallwhat the future holds105
6029831808Ishmaelone who is cast out as being unworthy; the son of Abraham and his handmaiden Hagar, he was cast out into the desert when his wife Sarah had their son Isaac; therefore said to be the ancestor of the nomadic desert tribes of Arabs106
6029831809Jacobgrandson of Abraham, son of Isaac and Rebekah, brother of Esau, and the traditional ancestor of Israelites107
6029831810Jobwho suffers a great deal but remains faithful; from an OT character whose faith in God was tested by Satan; though he lost his family and belongings, he remained patient and faithful108
6029831811Job's comforters"friends" who try to help by bringing blame109
6029833164Jonahone who brings bad luck110
6029833165Judasa traitor or a treacherous kiss111
6029833166King Ahab and Jezabelan evil king of Israel and his treacherous evil wife, synonymous today with evil112
6029833167Mannaa sustaining life-giving source or food113
6029834862Original Sin/The Fallthe idea that all men are innately sinful as a result of Adam and Eve's fall from the state of innocence114
6029837398Pearl of Great Pricesomething so precious that one would devote everything to or give up everything for it115
6029837399Phillistinea person indifferent or hostile to the arts and refinement; from Sea-going people from Crete who became enemies of the Israelites and fought over their lands116
6029837400Prodigal Sona wasteful son who disappoints his father; from the NT parable of a man with two sons. When he split his estate between the two, the younger son gathered his fortune and left home to live the wild life, while the older son stayed home to work in the fields. When the younger son spent all of the money, he came crawling back to his father, who accepted him, pardoning his error by saying he was "lost but was found117
6029838933Ruth and Naomiparagons of love between in-laws; faithful friends118
6029838934Samson and DelilahTreacherous love story119
6029838935Scapegoatone that is made an object of blame for others120
6029838936Sepulchertomb in the OT121
6029840801Sodom and Gomorrahany place associated with wickedness or sin122
6029840802Solomonan extremely wise person; from the son of King David, the Israelite king who wrote Proverbs, and was known for wisdom123
6029840803Twelve Tribes of Israelaccording to the Old Testament, the Hebrew people took possession of the Promised Land of Canaan after the death of Moses and named the tribes after the sons and grandson of Jacob124
6029843824Attilabarbarian, rough leader; King of the Huns from 433-453 and the most successful of the barbarian invaders of the Roman Empire125
6029843825Berserkdestructively or frenetically violent, mental or emotional upset; a warrior clothed in bear skin who worked himself into a frenzy before battle126
6029843826Bloomerundergarments for dance or active wear; underwear formally worn by females that was composed of loose trousers gathered at the ankles127
6029843827Bowdlerizeto censor, expurgate prudishly, to modify, as by shortening or simplifying or by skewing content128
6029843828Boycottto act together in abstaining from using, buying, or dealing with as an expression of protest or disfavor or as a means of coercion129
6029845461Canopyan overhanging protection or shelter, to cover or hover above130
6029845462Casanovaa man who is amorously and gallantly attentive to women; a promiscuous man131
6029845463Chauvinistone who has a militant devotion to and glorification of one's country, fanatical patriotism, prejudiced belief in the superiority of one's own gender, group, or kind132
6029848049Derricka machine for hoisting and moving heavy objects, consisting of a movable boom equipped with cables and pulleys and connected to the base of an upright stationary beam, a tall framework over a drilled hole, esp. an oil well, used to support boring equipment133
6029848050Donnybrookany riotous occasion134
6029848051Dungareea style of casual work pants135
6029850718El Doradoa place of reputed wealth; from the legendary city in South America, sought by early Spanish explorers136
6029850719Hackneyto make something banal or trite by frequent use, a horse for ordinary riding or driving, a horse kept for hire, let out, employed, or done for hire137
6029850720Horatio Algerone who believes that a person can make it on his own merits; from (1832-99) American writer of inspirational adventure books138
6029852490Laconicusing or marked by the use of few words, brief139
6029852491Limericka humorous or nonsense verse of five lines140
6029852492Machiavelliancharacterized by expedience, deceit and cunning141
6029852493Marathona long distance race; source of the Victory of the Greeks over Persians in 490 B.C.142
6029855243McCarthyismmodern witch hunt, the practice of publicizing accusations of political disloyalty or subversions with insufficient regard to evidence, the use of unfair investigatory or accusatory methods, in order to suppress opposition143
6029855244Meanderto wander aimlessly144
6029855279Mesmerizeto induce the state of being hypnotized145
6029857439Nostradamusfortune teller146
6029857440Sardonicbitterly ironical, sarcastic, sneering147
6029857441Shanghaito cheat or steal, to make drugs, liquor, etc.. to bring or get by trickery or force148
6029857442Spartanfrugal and bare, simple, disciplined and stern and brave149
6029857443Swiftiansatirical150
6029859189Sybariticluxurious, voluptuous, a person who cares very much for luxury and pleasure151
6029859190Thespianhaving to do with the theater or acting152
6029859191Uncle Samgovernment of people of the United States153
6029859268Utopiaan imaginary and perfect society154
6029860910Wagnerianstyle of music: loud, dramatic, radical155
6029860911WaterlooA decisive or final defeat or setback; Belgian 1816, source of Napoleon's last defeat156
6030285555Stonewallhinder or obstruct by evasive, delaying tactics157

AP English Literature Vocabulary Terms Flashcards

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6546857792AllegoryA story or poem in which characters, settings, and events stand for other people or events or for abstract ideas or qualities.0
6546857793AlliterationRepetition of the same or similar consonant sounds at the beginning of words that are close together. Example: "The soul selects her own society."1
6546857794AllusionA reference to a person, event, or work of art that is known from history, literature, religion, politics, sports, science, or another branch of culture.2
6546857795AmbiguityDeliberately suggesting two or more different, and sometimes conflicting, meanings in a work3
6546857796AnaphoraRepetition of a word, phrase, or clause at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row. Ex: "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, ...it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair."4
6546857797AnecdoteA short and interesting story or an amusing event often proposed to support or demonstrate some point.5
6546857798AntagonistOpponent or force that struggles against or blocks the hero, or protagonist, in a story.6
6546857799AnticlimaxThe intentional use of fancy language to describe the trivial or commonplace, or a sudden transition from a significant thought to a trivial one in order to achieve a humorous or satiric effect.7
6546857800AntiheroCentral character who lacks all the qualities traditionally associated with heroes. May lack courage, grace, intelligence, or moral scruples.8
6546857801AntithesisThe juxtaposition of sharply contrasting ideas in balanced words, phrases, grammatical structures, or ideas.9
6546857802AphorismA pithy/brief observation that contains a general truth, such as, "if it ain't broke, don't fix it." Or, "haste makes waste."10
6546857803ApostropheCalling out to an imaginary, dead, or absent person, or to a place or thing, or a personified abstract idea.11
6546857804ArchetypeAn idealized model of a person, object, or concept from which similar instances are derived, copied, patterned, or emulated.12
6546857805AsideA comment made by a stage performer that is intended to be heard by the audience but supposedly not by other characters.13
6546857806AssonanceThe repetition of similar vowel sounds followed by different consonant sounds especially in words that are together. Example: "Old age should burn and rave at close of day; Rage, rage, against the dying of the light."14
6546857807AsyndetonCommas used without conjunction to separate a series of words, thus emphasizing the parts equally: instead of "Lions, tigers, and bears!" the writer uses, "Lions, tigers, bears!"15
6546857808BalladAn emotional poem or form of verse, often a narrative, set to music.16
6546857809BildungsromanA special kind of novel that focuses on the psychological and moral growth of its main character from his or her childhood to maturity, or some portion thereof.17
6546857810Blank versePoetry written without rhymes, but which retains a set metrical pattern, usually iambic pentameter.18
6546857811CacophonyUnpleasant sounds in the jarring juxtaposition of harsh letters or syllables which are grating to the ear, usually inadvertent, but sometimes deliberately used in poetry for effect.19
6546857812CaesuraA pause in a line of verse, indicated by speech patterns rather than due to specific metrical patterns.20
6546857813CatharsisA sudden emotional breakdown or climax that consists of overwhelming feelings of great pity, sorrow, laughter, or any extreme change in emotion. In Greek theatre, a purging of emotion.21
6546857814ChiasmusIn poetry, a type of rhetorical balance in which the second part is syntactically balanced against the first, but with the parts reversed. Example: "Ask not what your country can do for you. Ask what you can do for your country."22
6546857815ClicheA word or phrase, often a figure of speech, that has become lifeless because of overuse.23
6546857816ColloquialismA word or phrase that is not formal or literary, typically one used in ordinary or familiar conversation. Slang.24
6546857817ConceitA comparison of two unlikely, or vastly different things, that is drawn out within a piece of literature, and likened through the use of similes and metaphors.25
6546857818ConnotationAn idea suggested by a word, apart from what it explicitly describes. The feeling that goes with a word.26
6546857819ConsonanceThe repetitive sounds produced by consonants within a sentence or phrase. This repetition often takes place in quick succession such as in pitter, patter.27
6546857820CoupletTwo consecutive rhyming lines of poetry.28
6546857821DenotationThe direct, specific, and literal meaning of a word.29
6546857822Deus ex machinaAny artificial device or coincidence used to bring about a convenient and simple solution to a plot.30
6546857823DialectA way of speaking that is characteristic of a certain social group or of the inhabitants of a certain geographical area.31
6546857824Diction1: The choice of words, phrases, sentence structures, and figurative language in a literary work. 2: The manner or mode of verbal expression, particularly with regard to clarity and accuracy.32
6546857825Dramatic ironyAn occasion in a play, film, or other work in which a character's words or actions convey a meaning unperceived by the character but understood by the audience.33
6546857826ElegyA serious poem upon the death of a particular person, usually ending in consolation.34
6546857827EnjambmentThe continuation of a sentence beyond the end of a line of poetry; when a phrase carries over a line-break without a major pause.35
6546857828EpicA poem that celebrates, in a continuous narrative, the achievements of mighty heroes and heroines, often concerned with the founding of a nation or developing of a culture.36
6546857829EpigraphA quotation or aphorism at the beginning of a literary work suggestive of the theme.37
6546857830EpistropheDevice of repetition in which the same expression (a single word or phrase) is repeated at the end of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences. "Wherever they's a fight so hungry people can eat, I'll be there. Wherever they's a cop beatin' up a guy, I'll be there.... An' when our folk eat the stuff they raise an' live in the houses they build - why, I'll be there...."38
6546857831EuphemismThe substitution of a comfortable or inoffensive expression to replace one that might offend or suggest something unpleasant.39
6546857832EuphonyHarmony or beauty of sound which provides a pleasing effect to the ear, usually sought-for in poetry for effect.40
6546857833ExpositionIn drama, the presentation of essential information regarding what has occurred prior to the beginning of the play.41
6546857834Extended MetaphorA detailed and complex metaphor that extends over a long section of a work. May also be called a "conceit" or "epic metaphor."42
6546857835FarceA type of comedy in which ridiculous and often stereotyped characters are involved in silly, far-fetched situations.43
6546857836FlashbackA retrospection where an earlier event is inserted into the normal chronology of the narrative.44
6546857837FoilA character who functions to contrast against another character, usually the main character, in order to show more clearly their traits.45
6546857838ForeshadowingThe use of hints and clues to suggest what will happen later in a plot.46
6546857839Formal DictionLanguage that is lofty, dignified, and impersonal.47
6546857840Frame narrativeA story within a story, within sometimes yet another story, as in, for example, Mary Shelley's Frankenstein or Heart of Darkness.48
6546857841Free verseA kind of poetry that does not conform to a regular meter or rhyme scheme.49
6546857842GenreA category of literary work which may refer to both the content of a given work — tragedy, comedy, pastoral — and to its form, such as poetry, novel, or drama. This term also refers to types of popular literature, as in science fiction or detective story.50
6546857843HamartiaThe error in judgment a character makes, because of their tragic flaw, which results in their downfall. Literally means "missing the mark" in Greek.51
6546857844HubrisExcessive pride or ambition that leads to a character's downfall.52
6546857845HyperboleA figure of speech that uses an incredible exaggeration or overstatement, for effect. "If I told you once, I've told you a million times...."53
6546857846IambicA metrical pattern in poetry that consists of two syllables per foot in an unstressed - stressed pattern. "I am a pirate with a wooden leg."54
6546857847IdiomA set expression or a phrase, comprising two or more words, that is not interpreted literally, but is understood to mean something quite different from what the individual words of the phrase would imply. Example: "I can't make heads or tails of this." "Let's hit the sack!" "That guy kicked the bucket."55
6546857848ImageryThe use of language to evoke the five senses. Types: visual, audial, tactile, olfactory, gustatory. The use of language to evoke a picture or a concrete sensation of a person, a thing, a place, or an experience.56
6546857849Informal DictionLanguage that is more conversational and colloquial, more personal and similar to everyday speech.57
6546857850In media resLatin for "into the middle of things." It usually describes a narrative that begins, not at the beginning of a story, but somewhere in the middle — usually at some crucial point in the action.58
6546857851Interior monologueWriting that records the thinking that goes on inside a character's head; it is coherent as if character were talking.59
6546857852Internal rhymeRhymes that occur within a line of poetry, or in the middle of lines, that are near each other, instead of at the end of a line.60
6546857853IronyA situation or statement characterized by a significant difference between what is expected or understood and what actually happens or is meant. The opposite or nearly the opposite of what you would expect.61
6546857854JuxtapositionPoetic and rhetorical device in which normally unassociated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another, creating an effect of surprise and wit.62
6546857855KenningA compound poetic phrase substituted for the usual name of a person or thing. Ex: "Whale Road" for ocean.63
6546857856LitotesA form of understatement in which the positive form is emphasized through the negation of a negative form. Ex: It is not an ideal situation to be eaten by zombies.64
6546857857LyricA short poem in which the speaker expresses intense personal emotion rather than describing a narrative or dramatic situation.65
6546857858MetaphorA figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things WITHOUT the use of such specific words of comparison as like, as, than, or resembles.66
6546857859MeterThe repetition of sound patterns that creates a rhythm in poetry.67
6546857860MetonymyA figure of speech in which a person, place, or thing, is referred to by something closely associated with it. "We requested from the crown support for our petition."68
6546857861MoodThe emotional tone or background that surrounds a scene.69
6546857862MotifA recurring image, word, phrase, action, idea, object, or situation used throughout a work (or in several works by one author), unifying the work by tying the current situation to previous ones, or new ideas to the theme.70
6546857863OdeA lyric poem that is somewhat serious in subject and tone, elevated in style, sometimes using an elaborate stanza structure.71
6546857864OnomatopoeiaThe use of words whose sounds echo their sense. The words sounds like what it means. Buzz. Boom. Bang.72
6546857865OxymoronA figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase. Ex: "Jumbo shrimp."73
6546857866ParadoxA statement which contains seemingly contradictory elements or appears contrary to common sense, yet can be seen as true when viewed from another angle. Ex: "I must be cruel to be kind."74
6546857867ParallelismThe use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same, or similar in their construction, sound, meaning or meter.75
6546857868ParodyA work that makes fun of another work by imitating some aspect of the writer's style.76
6546857869PastoralA poem, or other work, that describes the simple life of country folk who live a life of beauty, music, and love. Also an idyll.77
6546857870PersonaThe narrator in a non-first person novel. The author's creation--the voice "through which the author speaks."78
6546857871PersonificationA figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human qualities, feelings, thoughts, or attitudes.79
6546857872PolysyndetonSentence which uses a conjunction with NO commas to separate the items in a series. Ex: "X and Y and Z".80
6546857873ProtagonistThe central character in a story, the one who initiates or drives the action.81
6546857874PunA "play on words" based on the multiple meanings of a single word or on words that sound alike but mean different things.82
6546857875QuatrainA poem consisting of four lines, or four lines of a poem that can be considered as a unit.83
6546857876RefrainA repeated stanza or line(s) in a poem or song.84
6546857877SarcasmUsually ironic language meant to hurt or mock someone or something and simultaneously amuse the audience. Ex: "Thrift, thrift, Horatio! The funeral bak'd meats did coldly furnish forth the marriage tables." (His mother married so soon after his father's death that they used the leftovers from the funeral at the wedding.)85
6546857878SatireA work that uses mockery, humor, and wit to criticize and cause change in human nature and institutions.86
6546857879SimileA figure of speech that makes an explicit comparison between two unlike things, using words such as like, as , than, or resembles.87
6546857880Slant RhymeA type of rhyme formed by words with similar but not identical sounds. Sometimes called Half rhyme, imperfect rhyme, near-rhyme or lazy rhyme. Example: chill and tulle or bridge and grudge.88
6546857881SoliloquyA long speech made by a character in a play while no other characters are on stage, often expressing their inner thoughts and feelings.89
6546857882SonnetA short poem that has 14 fourteen lines and is written in iambic pentameter. Each line has 10 syllables. It has a specific rhyme scheme and a "volta" or a specific turn.90
6546857883Stream of consciousnessA style of writing that portrays the inner (often chaotic) workings of a character's mind.91
6546857884Suspension of disbeliefA willingness of a reader or viewer to ignore minor inconsistencies or unbelievable behavior so as to enjoy a work of fiction.92
6546857885SymbolA person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself and that also stands for something more than itself.93
6546857886SynecdocheA figure of speech in which a part represents the whole. Ex: "If you don't drive properly, you will lose your wheels."94
6546857887SyntaxThe order of words when writing phrases, clauses, and sentences.95
6546857888ToneThe attitude a writer takes toward the subject of a work, the characters in it, or the audience, revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization.96
6546857889Tragic flawIn a tragedy, the quality within the hero or heroine which leads to his or her downfall.97
6546857890Verbal ironyWhen a speaker says something that is the opposite, or nearly the opposite, of what they mean.98
6546857891VoiceThe particular phrasings, tone, diction, and manner a writer uses that is distinctive to them.99

AP Language Vocabulary Week 13 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
7484303664PersonificationAn animal or inanimate object as having human attributes--attributes of form, character, feelings, behavior, and so on. This includes ideas and abstractions0
7484303665ZeugmaA figure of speech in which a word, usually a verb or an adjective, applies to more than one noun, blending together grammatically and logically different ideas1
7484303666Foster1.) To encourage or promote the development of (something, typically something regarded as good) 2.) To bring up (a child that is not one's own by birth) 3.) Denoting someone that has a specified family connection through fostering rather than birth2
7484303667Restrained1.) Characterized by reserve or moderation; unemotional or dispassionate 2.) To prevent (someone or something) from doing something; keep under control or within limits3
7484303668Relief1.) A feeling of reassurance and relaxation following release from anxiety or distress 2.) Assistance, especially in the form of food, clothing, or money, given to those in special need or difficulty 3.) A person or group of people replacing others who have been on duty 4.) The state of being clearly visible or obvious due to being accentuated in some way.4

AP Psychology: Thinking and Language Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
4143368813cognitionthe mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating0
4143371007concepta mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people1
4143372253prototypea mental image or best example of a category; matching new items to it provides a quick and easy method for including items in a category (as when comparing feathered creatures to a prototypical bird, such as a robin)2
4143376843algorithma methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem; contrasts with the usually speedier but also more error-prone use of heuristics3
4143380710heuristicssimple thinking strategies that often allow us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently; usually speedier but more error-prone than algorithms4
4143385429insighta sudden and often new realization of the solution to a problem; it contrasts with strategy-based solutions5
4143387277confirmation biasa tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions6
4143388481fixationthe inability to see a problem from a new perspective; an impediment to problem solving7
4143390261mental seta tendency to approach a problem in a particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past8
4143391789functional fixednessthe tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem solving9
4143398588representativeness heuristicjudging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead one to ignore other relevant information10
4143403074availability heuristicestimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to mind, we presume such events are common11
4143405454overconfidencethe tendency to be more confident than correct- to overestimate the accuracy of one's beliefs and judgments12
4143409099framingthe way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments13
4143411347belief biasthe tendency for one's preexisting beliefs to distort logical reasoning, sometimes by making invalid conclusions seems valid, or valid conclusions seem invalid14
4143413740belief perseveranceclinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited15
4143416996languageour spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning16
4143418327phonemein a language, the smallest distinctive sound unit17
4143419485morphemein a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or part of a word (such as a prefix)18
4143420927grammarin a language, a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others19
4143424151semanticsthe set of rules by which we prices meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences in a given language; also, the study of meaning20
4143425990syntaxthe rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language21
4143428090babbling stagebeginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds at first unrelated to the household language22
4143428091one word stagethe stage in speech development, from age 1 to 2, during which a child speaks mostly in single words23
4143428092two word stagebeginning about age 2, the stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly two word statements24
4143429654telegraphic stageearly speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram- "go car"- using mostly nouns and verbs and omitting auxiliary words25
4143429655linguistic determinismWhorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think26
4360668108Noam ChomskyThis linguist believed that humans have an inborn native ability to develop language. He created the concept of "universal grammar", and he pointed out how children overgeneralize language rules and the concepts of *surface vs. deep* structures in language.27

Literature AP Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
5949195421AsceticComplexion brought on by not eating for spiritual/virtual reasons0
5949195422DiaphanousTranslucent1
5949195423AugustHolds great reverence/wisdom2
5949195424ImmutabilityUnchanging3
5949195425SepulcherBurial ground4
5949195426SententiouslyRighteousness: excessive mortality5
5949195427ImperturbableUndisturbed, unfazed6
5949195428InsipidW/o distinctive or stimulating qualities7
5949195429LugubriousMournful, gloomy8
5949195430AlacrityPromptness in response9
5949195431RapaciousGiven to seizing or satisfaction of greed10
5949195432InsidiousStealthily treacherous or deceitful11
5949195433PropitiatoryServing or intending to make favorably inclined12

Ap Literature Summer Vocab Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
7199345361AllusionA reference to something literary, mythological, or historical that the author assumes the reader will recognize.0
7199346550AnalogyA comparison of two different things that are similar in some way.1
7199347453AnaphoraThe repetition of a word or phrase at the start of successive clauses.2
7199350653AntithesisA statement in which two opposing ideas are balanced.3
7199351765AphorismA concise, statement that expresses succinctly a general truth or idea, often in rhyme.4
7199353428EthosCredibility5
7199353714LogosLogic, reason6
7199354558PathosEmotion7
7199355164AsyndetonConstruction in which elements are presented in a series without conjunctions.8
7199362081ChiasmusA statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is structurally reversed.9
7199364018ConnotationThe implied or associative meaning of a word. (slender v skinny)10
7199364890DenotationThe literal meaning of a word11
7199365231DictionThe authors word choice.12
7199367445EuphemismAn indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant.13
7199369432Extended metaphorA metaphor that offers elaborate ways in which two thing compare.14
7199370158Figurative languageLanguage employing one or more figures of speech15
7199373258HyperboleIntentional exaggeratiojn16
7199373557ImageryUse of figure of speech to create vivid images17
7199374249JargonSpecialized language or vocabulary of a particular group or profession.18
7199376610JuxtapositionPlacing two elements side by side to present a comparison19
7199378313MetaphorDirect comparison of two different things20
7199380322ParallelismThe use of corresponding grammatical or syntactical forms.21
7199382746PolysyndetonThe use, of more conjunctions than is necessary of natural22
7199384209RepetitionDeliberate use of the same diction or syntax more than once.23
7199385051SimileA comparison of two things using like or as24
7199385816SyntaxAuthors choices in sentence structure.25

AP Literature Vocabulary Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
6579853162AnodizeTo coat with a protective film by chemical or electrolytic means0
6579854572FlibbertigibbetA chattery or flighty, light-headed person1
6579854928ImpertinenceUnmannerly intrusion or assumption2
6579855619MoribundIn a dying state; near death3
6579856424PensiveExpressing or revealing thoughtfulness, usually marked by some sadness4
6579862487RapaciousGiven to seizing for plunder or the satisfaction of greed5
6579873079TrenchantClearly or sharply defined; clear-cut; distinct6
6579873080VisagesThe face, usually with reference to shape, features, expression, etc.; countenance7
6579875409SomnambulistA sleepwalker8
6579876759DiaphanousVery sheer and light; almost completely transparent or translucent9
6579878629QuiescentBeing at rest; quiet; still; inactive or motionless10
6579880486InnuendoesAn indirect intimation about a person or thing, especially of a disparaging or a derogatory nature11
6579882136CogitateTo think hard; ponder; mediate12
6579884835ObsequiousObedient; dutiful13
6579887768AssiduouslyConstant in application or effort; working diligently at a task; persevering; industrious; attentive14
6579890180TimorousFull of fear; fearful15
6579890181StaidOf settled or sedate character; not flighty or capricious16
6579894437JocundCheerful; merry; blithe; glad17
6579895249AppellationA name, title, or designation18
6579898804ServileBeing in slavery; oppressed19
6579899582OdiousDeserving or causing hatred; hateful; detestable20
6579900467ImbecilityAn instance or point of weakness; feebleness; incapability21
6579902951PestiferousBringing or bearing disease22
6579904713LachrymoseSuggestive of or tending to cause tears; mournful23
6579905047DilapidationTo cause or allow (a building, automobile, etc.) to fall into a state of disrepair, as by misuse or neglect (often used passively)24
6579905413HaughtyDisdainfully proud; snobbish; scornfully arrogant; supercilious25
6579905414ZealFervor for a person, cause, or object; eager desire or endeavor; enthusiastic diligence; ardor26
6579905893IncredulityThe quality or state of being incredulous; inability or unwillingness to believe27
6579906480HardihoodBoldness or daring; courage28
6579915298SinewyHaving strength, power of vigor29
6579916205VexatiousCausing vexation; troublesome; annoying30
6579916206TenaciousPertinacious, persistent, stubborn, or obstinate31
6579916527AffablyPleasantly easy to approach and to talk to; friendly; cordial; warmly polite32
6579916528CaricaturingA picture, description, etc., ludicrously exaggerating the peculiarities or defects of persons or things33
6579916864DissimulationThe act of dissimulating; feigning; hypocrisy34
6579917260IchthyosaursA marine reptile35
6579921099OstentationPretentious or conspicuous show, as of wealth or importance; display intended to impress others36
6579921100GyvesA shackle, especially for the leg; fetter37
6588475836MalignTo speak harmful untruths about; speak evil of; slander; defame38
6588475837RamshackleLoosely made or held together; rickety; shaky39
6588476267VexedIrritated; annoyed40
6588476666AbhorTo regard with extreme repugnance or aversion; detest utterly; loathe; abominate41
6588476667Annul(Especially of laws or other established rules, usages, etc.) to make void or null; abolish; cancel; invalidate42
6588477126LanguishTo be or become weak or feeble; droop; fade43
6588477127SyncopeRisk of trauma from falls44
6588477541Milch(Of a domestic animal) yielding milk; kept or suitable for milk production45
6588477542BlunderA stupid or careless mistake46
6588478058RodomontadeVainglorious boasting or bragging; pretentious, blustering talk47
6588486582EmpyreanThe highest heaven, supposed by the ancients to contain the pure element of fire48
6588487011IgnominiousMarked by or attended with ignominy; discreditable; humiliating49
6588488929LugubriousMournful, dismal, or gloomy, especially in an affected, exaggerated, or unrelieved manner50
6588489474MagnanimityGenerous in forgiving an insult or injury; free from petty resentfulness or vindictiveness51
6588489812InsinuatedTo suggest or hint slyly52
6588489813AuspiciousPromising success; propitious; opportune; favorable53

AP Language: Figurative Language Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
7214319786AlliterationThe repetition of the initial consonant. There should be at least two repetitions in a row.0
7214319787Example of Alliteration"Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers."1
7214319788HyperboleA trope composed of exaggerated words or ideals used for emphasis and not to be taken literally.2
7214319789Example of Hyperbole"I've told you a million times not to call me a liar!"3
7214319790LitotesUnderstatement for rhetorical effect (especially when expressing an affirmative by negating its contrary).4
7214319791Example of Litotes"I was not a little upset" when you mean "I was very upset" "Not bad at all." "This is no small problem."5
7214319792MetaphorA trope in which a word or phrase is transferred from its literal meaning to stand for something else. Unlike a simile, in which something is said to be "like" something else, a metaphor says something is something else.6
7214319793Example of Metaphor"Debt is a bottomless sea."7
7214319794MetonymyFigure of speech in which the name of an object or concept is replaced with a word closely related to or suggested by the original closely related to or suggested by the original.8
7214319795Example of Metonymy"Crown" to mean "king" ("The power of the crown was mortally weakened") or an author for his works ("I'm studying Shakespeare"). Mark Antony's speech in Julius Caesar in which he asks of his audience: "Lend me your ears."9
7214319796Example of OnomatopoeiaCrash, zing, splash, kaboom. Bing.10
7214319797OnomatopoeiaA word that imitates the sound it represents.11
7214319798PersonificationA trope in which human qualities or abilities are assigned to abstractions or inanimate objects.12
7214319799Example of Personification"Integrity thumbs its nose at pomposity."13
7214319800SimileA trope in which one states a comparison between two things that are not alike but have similarities. Unlike metaphors, similes employ "like" or "as."14
7214319801Example of Simile"Her eyes are as blue as a robin's egg."15
7214319802SynecdocheFigure of speech - a part is used for the whole. Or the whole is used for a part.16
7214319804Example of Synecdoche--whole for partThe law for police officer17
7214319809UnderstatementA restrained statement that departs from what could be said; a studied avoidance of emphasis or exaggeration, often to create a particular effect18

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