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AP Literature Vocabulary terms Flashcards

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4829945792AlliterationRepeated sounds at beginning of word (peter piper...)0
4829945793AllusionReference to other work or story (biblical, historical, cultural)1
4829945794AmbiguityIntentionally vague (end of S & S)2
4829945795Analogy2 stories that reflect a similarity (yellow wallpaper- Gilman's life)3
4829945796AllegoryHas a hidden meaning (S & S)4
4829945797AntagonistRepresents opposition5
4829945798AnecdoteShort, amusing story about a real person/incident6
4829945799AnastropheChange in syntax7
4829945800AnaphoraRepeated word or phrase at beginning of a sentence8
4829945801MassogonisticAnti-feminist9
4829945802DictionWord choice10
4829945803ToneEmotional value of language11
5346318055AntithesisThe opposition of contrast of idea; opposite12
5346318056AphorismA moral truth of unknown authorship13
5346318057ApostropheAddress to an absent or personified abstraction ("O life!")14
5346318058ColloquialFamiliar tone including local dialects15
5346318059ConceitAn extended metaphor or surprising an analogy16
5346318060DidacticTeaching, especially a moral principle17
5346318061Euphemism'Earthly remains' rather than 'corpse'18
5346318062HyperboleExaggeration or overstatement19
5346318063IronyVerbal, situational, dramatic20
5346318064LitotesIronic understatement (affirmitive expressed by not negative - 'you won't be sorry)21
5346318065JargonWords or phrases used by a profession or group that are difficult for other to understand22
5346318066PedanticLike a pendant (long)--over concerned with literal accuracy (trivial)23
5346318067BombasticHigh sounding but with little meaning (politician w/ empty promises)24
5346318068AbstruseDifficult to understand (deep and intellectually challenging)25
5346318069EsotericIntended for or only understood by people with specific knowledge or interest (reference shirts)26
5375325741Caesuraa rhythmical pause in a poetic line or a sentence // (medial, initial, terminal)27
5375325742Chiasmusa rhetorical device in which two or more clauses are balanced against each other by the reversal of their structures (inverted)28
5375325743AppositiveTwo nouns placed side by side, one identifies the other (Bob the Builder)29
5375325744Metonymyreplaces the name of a thing with the name of something else with which it is closely associated ("pen is mightier than the sword")30
5375325745SynecdocheUses a part of something to identify the whole ("wheels" = car, "grey beard" = old dude)31
5396221716Couplet2 lines of verse-same meter, usually joined by rhyme32
5396221717EpanalepsisRepeating the initial word or words of a sentence or clause at the end of that same sentence or clause "The king is dead, long live the king!"33
5396221718Free versePoetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter34
5396221719Blank verseun-rhyming verse written in iambic pentameter (10 syllables/ line, stressed, unstressed) "Two households, both alike in dignity"35
5396221720Lyric poemthe mood is musical and emotional. The writer uses words that express his state of mind, his perceptions, or his feelings (emotional, rhyming)36
5442729696Anadiplosissecond clause starts with the same word which marks the end of the previous clause (or phrase)37
5442729697AnachronismAn error in time (mentions/depicts something inappropriate for the time or place)38
5442729698Cacophonyuse of words with sharp, harsh, hissing and unmelodious sounds primarily those of consonants to achieve desired results (jaberwocky)39
5442729699Euphonyuse of words and phrases that are distinguished as having a wide range of noteworthy melody or loveliness in the sounds they create40
5442729700Archaicused phrase or word is considered very old fashioned and outdated (thou, stoppeth)41
5466825618Odea lyric poem in the form of an address to a particular subject, often elevated in style or manner42
5466825619Elegya poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead.43
5466825620Narrativea spoken or written account of connected events; a story. (Nar: prose, balled: poem)44
5466825621PastoralCountry life45
5466825622Onomatopoeiathe formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named (e.g., cuckoo, sizzle ).46
5466825623IdyllicDeals with country (characters )47
5720734400BathosAnti climax (serious to ridiculous)48
5720734401MotifReoccurring/dominant idea49
5720734402ParadoxSeems wrong at first but holds (some) truth50
5720734403OxymoronJumbo shrimp51
5720734404Quatrain4 lines of poem (stanza) linked in rhyme (usually)52
5720734405JuxtapositionPlaced together to highlight opposites53
5721083465SarcasmPretty much 90% of the things you say54
5721083466EnjambmentSuspension over multiple lines (poetry)55
5721083467EpiphanyRevelation, understanding, idea56
5721083468BowdlerizeTo omit offensive parts of a text57
5721083469HamartiaFatal flaw58
5721083470CatharsisDrive audience towards change (using negative examples)59
5721083471ProtagonistGood guy60
5721083472AntagonistBad guy61
5721083473Parallelismuse of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same; or similar in their construction, sound, meaning or meter (easy come, easy go)62
5721083474TropeFigurative or metaphorical language63
5721083475Syntactic unitWord classes, largely corresponding to traditional parts of speech (e.g. noun, verb, preposition, etc.)64
5721083476DiatribeForceful, verbal attack65
5721083477Ellipsisthe omission from speech or writing of a word or words that are superfluous or able to be understood from contextual clues.66
5721083478Ambivalence...67
5721083479Anaphora...68
5721083480DeconstructionCritical analysis of literary language69
5721083481DenouementFinal part- plot comes together, things explained or resolved (full circle)70
5721083482Mood...71
5721083483ArchetypeLiterary example of a certain type of person (creon)72
5721083484Primal archetypeHuman need for certain stories, or type of person73
5721083485ParodyMocking for humor74
5721083486SatireMocking to critique75
5721083487FarceComic, dramatic work--humor drawn from absurdity76
5721083488PeriphrasisIndirect speech, typically unnecessarily long77
5721083489RefrainRepeating the end (miles to go before I sleep)78
5721083490ScansionScanning a line of verse to determine its rhythm79
5721083491DialectForm of language particular to a region or social group80
5721083492HomilyReligious discourse (sermon)81
5721083493AnastropheNoun and adjective switched (yoda speech)82
5721083494AtecedentNoun the pronoun refers to83
5721083495CaricatureExaggerating a certain characteristic for comedic effect84
5721083496StyleDistinctive method of writing85
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AP World History Vocabulary Chapter 2 Flashcards

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4805007894Agricultural RevolutionAlso known as the Neolithic Revolution, this is the transformation of human (and world) existence caused by the deliberate cultivation of particular plants and the deliberate taming and breeding of particular animals.0
4805020648AustronesianAn Asian-language family whose speakers gradually became the dominant culture of the Philippines, Indonesia, and the Pacific islands, thanks to their mastery of agriculture.1
4805023091BanpoA Chinese archeological site, where the remains of a significant Neolithic village have been found. (pron. bahn-poe)2
4805024776BantuAn African-language family whose speakers gradually became the dominant culture of eastern and southern Africa, thanks to their agricultural techniques and, later, their ironworking skills. (pron. BAHN-too)3
4805025901Bantu migrationThe spread of Bantu-speaking peoples from their homeland in what is now southern Nigeria or Cameroon to most of Africa, in a process that started ca. 3000 B.C.E. and continued for several millennia4
4805028053Broad spectrum dietArcheologists' term for the diet of gathering and hunting societies, which included a wide array of plants and animals.5
4805030234CahokiaAn important agricultural chiefdom of North America that flourished around 1100 C.E. (pron. cah-HOKEee-ah)6
4805032663ÇatalhüyükAn important Neolithic site in what is now Turkey. (pron. cha-TAHL-hoo-YOOK)7
4805034524ChiefdomA societal grouping governed by a chief who typically relies on generosity, ritual status, or charisma rather than force to win obedience from the people.8
4805037207DiffusionThe gradual spread of agricultural techniques without extensive population movement.9
4805038992DomesticationThe taming and changing of nature for the benefit of humankind.10
4805040052End of the last Ice AgeA process of global warming that began around 16,000 years ago and ended about 5,000 years later, with the earth enjoying a climate similar to that of our own time; the end of the Ice Age changed conditions for human beings, leading to increased population and helping to pave the way for agriculture.11
4805042252Fertile CrescentRegion sometimes known as Southwest Asia that includes the modern states of Iraq, Syria, Israel/Palestine, and southern Turkey; the earliest home of agriculture.12
4805044255HorticultureHoe-based agriculture, typical of early agrarian societies.13
4805047007IntensificationThe process of getting more in return for less; for example, growing more food on a smaller plot of land.14
4805048673JerichoSite of an important early agricultural settlement of perhaps 2,000 people in present-day Israel.15
4805052083MesopotamiaThe valley of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in present-day Iraq16
4805054941Native AustraliansOften called "Aboriginals" (from the Latin ab origine, the people who had been there "from the beginning"), the natives of Australia continued (and to some extent still continue) to live by gathering and hunting, despite the transition to agriculture in nearby lands.17
4805057443Pastoral societyA human society that relies on domesticated animals rather than plants as the main source of food; pastoral nomads lead their animals to seasonal grazing grounds rather than settling permanently in a single location18
4805059920"Secondary products revolution"A term used to describe the series of technological changes that began ca. 4000 B.C.E., as people began to develop new uses for their domesticated animals, exploiting a revolutionary new source of power.19
4805062299Stateless societiesVillage-based agricultural societies, usually organized by kinship groups, that functioned without a formal government apparatus.20
4805064132TeosinteThe wild ancestor of maize. (pron. tay-oh- SIN-tay)21
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AP Lang Set #1 Flashcards

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4680338543Scourge(v.) To whip, punish severely; (n.) A cause of affliction or suffering; a source of severe punishment or criticism0
4680338877Proliferate(v) increase or spread rapidly or excessively1
4680338878Meager(adj.) deficient in size or quality2
4680339471Incendiary(n.) a person who agitates (adj.) inflammatory, causing combustion3
4680339632Eminent(adj.) famous, outstanding, distinguished; projecting4
4680339899Dossier(n.) File of documents on a subject5
4680340035Ideology(n.) a system of social or political ideas6
4680340307Sustainable(adj) able to be maintained at a certain rate or level7
4680342275Maladies(n) undesirable conditions or disorders; diseases; illness8
4680343064Confer(v.) to consult; to present as a gift or honor9
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AP World History: India Flashcards

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4442296294Gupta Empire (3)Powerful Indian state based, like its Mauryan predecessor, in the Ganges Valley. It controlled most of the Indian subcontinent through a combination of military force and its prestige as a center of sophisticated culture.0
4442296295Mauryan empire (2)Indian empire founded by Chandragupta, beginning with his kingdom in northeastern India and spreading to most of northern and central India1
4442296296Indus Valley (1)located in modern Pakistan; also known as Harappan Culture (including Mohenjo-Daro); highly advanced organized: sewer system, grid streets, uniform building construction, all examples of centralized government2
4442296297Caste systema set of rigid social categories that determined not only a person's occupation and economic potential, but also his or her position in society3
4442296298Hinduisma body of religious and philosophical beliefs and cultural practices native to India and characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme beingof many forms and natures, by the view that opposing theories are aspects of one eternal truth, and by a4
4442296299Chandra GuptaWho: Ruler and founder of the Gupta Dynasty. What: Unified all the provinces in the Ganges Valley. Where: Ganges Valley, north India. When: ~320-?. Why: Founded the Golden Age in India5
4442296300Janisma version of hinduism, achieve moksha by giving up all worldly things and controlling actions, based on the teachings of a man named Mahavira6
4442296301Siddhartha GautamaFounder of Buddism; born a prince; left his father's wealth to find the cause of human suffering; also know as Buddha7
4442296302Delhi Sultanate (4)The Islamic kingdom set up in northern India in c. 1000 CE, they generally persecuted the Hindus, they would rule the north of India here until the coming of the Mongols in c. 1400, CE8
4442296303Mughal Empire (5)an Islamic imperial power that ruled a large portion of Indian subcontinent which began in 1526, invaded and ruled most of Hindustan (South Asia) by the late 17th and early 18th centuries, and ended in the mid-19th century. Considered a pendulum the way they switched back and forth from trying to appease the Hindu majority and Muslim minority.9
4442296304AkbarThe most famous Muslim ruler of India during the period of Mughal rule. Famous for his religious tolerance, his investment in rich cultural feats, and the creation of a centralized governmental administration, which was not typical of ancient and post-classical India.10
4442296305Sepoy rebellionThe revolt of Indian soldiers in 1857 against certain practices that violated religious customs; also known as the Sepoy Mutiny. Mostly because of the fat used in the cartridges of ammo.11
4442296306Decolonization of IndiaMostly non-violent before British left, thanks to Gandhi. British provided some guidance by dividing into India and Pakistan. Bloodbath after British left between Hindus, Muslims, and Suffis. India policy of non-alignment.12
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essential terms ap english literature with examples Flashcards

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5990065527connotationthe emotional and cultural meanings of a word ("Oh, she doth teach the torches to burn bright!"-- torch = a thing that gives heat AND a hot girl who lights up the room)0
5990065528metaphora direct comparison of two unlike objects by identification or substitution ("Death is the broom/I take it in my hands/To sweep the world clean")1
5990065529similea direct comparison of two unlike objects using "like" or "as" ("The holy time is quiet as a nun")2
5990065530personificationnon-humans have human qualities ("When it comes, the landscape listens/Shadows hold their breath")3
5990065531apostrophedirect address to a person or personification not present ("Oh Death, where is thy sting?")4
5990065532metonymysubstitution of a part for the whole or something related for the thing itself ("Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears")5
5990065533verbal ironya discrepancy between what is said and what is meant6
5990065534dramatic ironya discrepancy between what the character says and the author means7
5990065535situational ironya discrepancy between what should happen and what does happen8
5990065536allusioncommon cultural reference ("Abraham to hill him/Was distinctly told")9
5990065537imagerya sensory description ("Then a mile of warm sea scented beach")10
5990065538symbolismthe use of one object to suggest itself and other ideas ("Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, and I-/I took the one less traveled by")11
5990065539allegorya story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside of the story itself (Native American Legends)12
5990065540caricaturea portrait that exaggerates a facet of personality13
5990065541conceitunusual metaphor developed and expanded over several lines14
5990065542controlling imagean image that dominates/shapes the entire work15
5990065543coupleta pair of lines that rhyme16
5990065544dictionword choice17
5990065545enjambmentcontinuation of one line to the next with no pause/punctuation ("But at my back I always hear/Time's winged chariot hurrying near")18
5990065546objectivityimpersonal/outside view of events19
5990065547subjectivityinterior/personal view of a single observer. emotionally involved20
5990065548oppositiona pair of elements that contrast sharply21
5990065549paradoxsituation or statement that seems to contradict itself, but on closer inspection, does not22
5990065550satireexposes common character flaws to the cold light of humor23
5990065551themethe main idea of the overall work24
5990065552omniscient narrator3rd person, sees into the character's mind, understands everything25
5990065553limited omniscient narrator3rd person, sees what only one person sees26
5990065554objective narrator3rd person, sees what a movie would show you27
5990065555first-person narratorthe character who tells the story from their point of view28
5990065556stream of consciousnessreader inside the character's head29
7724528538end stopA definite halt or full stop at the end of a line30
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AP Literature Biblical Allusions Flashcards

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7526468148Abrahamthe first patriarch of the Old testament. God made a covenant with Abraham, telling him to leave his own country and promising to give his family (the Hebrews) the land of Canaan. God tested Abraham by telling him to sacrifice his beloved son, Isaac, as a burnt offering. Abraham obeyed, but an angel stopped him before he killed Isaac because he had proven his faith.0
7526468149Alpha and Omegabeginning and the end. from a quote in Revelations in the New Testament. God says he is these two things.1
7526468150Apostlesthe 12 men chosen by Jesus to follow him and spread the gospel after his death. Generally, a person who preaches or promotes a cause.2
7526468151Armageddona destructive confrontation; the site of the final battle between good and evil in the Book of Revelations in the New Testament.3
7526468152Babel, Tower ofIn the Book of Genesis, the tower the descendants of Noah built. They intended that the tower would reach heaven and make them more like God. God prevented them from finishing it by confusing their language so they couldn't understand each other when they spoke. ("babble" means confusion and noise)4
7526468153Babylonany place of sin and corruption; during the Babylonian captivity, the Jews were exiled here, a place they found luxurious yet corrupt.5
7526468154Burning bushin the Book of Exodus, God revealed himself to Moses, telling him that he must go to the Pharaoh, free the Israelites from slavery, and deliver them to the Promised Land. It was considered a miracle because "the bush burned with fire and the bush was not consumed." Speaking out of the bush, God said "I am that I am" in reply to Moses' inquiry about His name.6
7526468155Caina brother who kills a brother; from the story of Adam and Eve's son who killed his brother Abel out of jealousy.7
7526468156Cast not pearls before swineto share something of value with someone who won't appreciate it; from the Sermon on the Mount, suggests that followers of Jesus should pass his message to those most likely to receive it8
7526468157Chapter and versemethod of locating passages in the Bible; to quote this generally means to give detailed evidence for something9
7526468158Coat of many colorsthe special coat that Jacob gave to his son, Joseph; this gift made Joseph's brothers jealous and resentful.10
7526468159Consider the lilies of the fieldwords of Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount, encouraging his followers not to worry about their worldly needs or possessions11
7526468160Crown of thornssomething that causes intense suffering; it was a mock king's crown made from thorn branches put on Jesus's head by Roman soldiers before his execution.12
7526468161Danielone known for wisdom and accurate judgement; from a wise leader in the Old Testament who was able to read the handwriting on the wall during Babylonian captivity. He thrown into a lion's den to be killed when he refused to stop praying to God, but an angel helped him and he was unharmed.13
7526468162Doubting Thomassomeone who demands evidence to be convinced, esp. when the demand is out of place. This apostle doubted the resurrection of Jesus and said he would only believe Jesus was alive if he saw him with his own eyes and touched his wounds with his own hands.14
7526468163Exodusa departure; from the 2nd book in the Old Testament, describing the departure of the Israelites from slavery in Egypt. Moses got them out of Egypt, but they were cursed to wander the desert for 40 years because they had no faith.15
7526468164Eye of the Needlea very difficult task; from famous narrow gateway called "the needle". Jesus said it was easier for a camel to go through the eye of the needle than for a rich man to enter Heaven.16
7526468165Filthy Lucremoney or profits; from the story of Jesus casting moneylenders out of the Temple.17
7526468166Forbidden fruitanything tempting but potentially dangerous, often associated. with sexuality; the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge in the Garden of Eden, often pictured as an apple.18
7526468167Four Horsemenfour figures in the Book of Revelation who symbolize the evils to come at the end of the world. The four horses are conquest (a white horse), war (a red horse), famine (a black horse), and plague (a pale horse). "Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse"19
7526468168Golden calfany false god or something worshipped undeservedly; an idol that the Israelites made while God was handing down the Ten Commandments to Moses. When Moses arrived with the Commandments, he saw the golden idol, smashed the tablets w/ the Commandments on them, and made the Israelites destroy the idol.20
7526468169Good Samaritansomeone who helps another, often of a different race or background; from Jesus' parable of a Samaritan (enemy of the Hebrews) helping a Jewish man that had been left for dead after other Jews refused to aid the injured man.21
7526468170Handwriting on the wallwhat the future holds; from a story of Daniel who was able to translate something that said that the king was going to die soon.22
7526468171Isaacson of Abraham and father of Jacob and Esau; Isaac was the son that Abraham was ready to sacrifice at God's request.23
7526468172Ishmaelone who is cast out as being unworthy; the son of Abraham and his handmaiden Hagar, was cast out into the desert when Abraham's wife Sarah had their son Isaac; therefore Ishmael is said to be the ancestor of the nomadic desert tribes of Arabs.24
7526468173Jacobgrandson of Abraham, son of Isaac and Rebekah, brother of Esau, and the ancestor of the Israelites. His name changed to Israel, and his 12 sons fathered the 12 Tribes of Israel. His brother, Esau, should have inherited the covenant with God as Abraham's eldest son, but he traded his birthright to Jacob for a bowl of soup. (He was manipulated into it by Jacob)25
7526468174Jacob's laddera ladder that Jacob saw in a dream that led to heaven. God stood at the top and promised to bless Jacob and his offspring and lead them to the Promised Land.26
7526468175Jobone who suffers a great deal but remains faithful; a Biblical figure whose faith was tested by Satan. He lost his family and belongings but still remained faithful to God.27
7526468176Job's comforters"friends" who try to comfort someone but actually makes them feel worse. Job's "comforters" didn't comfort at all but were the source of his affliction.28
7526468177Judasa traitor; one of the 12 apostles, notorious for betraying Jesus. Disclosed Jesus' whereabouts to the chief priests and elders for thirty pieces of silver.29
7526468178Judge not lest ye be judgeda command of Jesus; since all people are sinners, no one is worthy to condemn another.30
7526468179King Ahab and Jezebelan evil king of Israel and his treacherous wife, synonymous today with evil. Jezebel introduced the worship of Baal, an idol, to Israel, inciting mutual enmity with the prophets. She instigated the murder of Naboth for the possession of a vineyard. Today, "Jezebel" means a brazen or forward woman.31
7526468180Lamb of Goda Christian name for Jesus, used by John the Baptist. Lambs were killed for the Jewish Passover, Jesus was sacrificed and is the lamb of the new Passover.32
7526468182Lazarussomeone who makes a comeback from obscurity; a man brought back to life by Jesus after being dead in a tomb for four days.33
7526468183Loaves and fishesa miracle Jesus performed, took five loaves and two fishes and multiplied them to feed a crowd of thousands.34
7526468184Lot's wifewhen God's angels destroyed the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah, but they chose to spare Lot and his family. The angels commanded them to leave without looking back, but she disobeyed and was turned into a pillar of salt.35
7526468186Mannaa sustaining life-giving source or food; a sweet bread-like food that fell from Heaven to feed the Israelites as they crossed the Sinai desert to the Promised Land with Moses.36
7526468187Methuselahan extremely old person; according to Genesis, he was the grandpa of Noah and lived to be 969 years old.37
7526468188Mosesborn in Egypt during Babylonian captivity, when the Pharaoh ordered all male children of Hebrews to be killed. His mother put him in a small boat in a marsh to hide him where he was found and adopted by the daughter of the Pharaoh. He received the Ten Commandments and led the Israelites to the Promised Land.38
7526468189Olive brancha sign of peace; the branch brought to Noah's ark by a dove to signify that the Flood was receding.39
7526468190Pearl of Great Pricesomething so precious that one would devote everything to or give up everything for it; a parable in which the kingdom of Heaven is compared to a pearl of great value found by a merchant.40
7526468191Philistinea person indifferent or hostile to the arts and refinement; from sea going people from Crete who became enemies of the Israelites.41
7526468192Plagues of Egyptthe set of disasters that God inflicted on Egypt before Moses led the Israelites to the Promised Land. Included: swarms of locusts, hordes of frogs, scourge of boils. Pharaoh freed the Israelites after the 10th plague, when the Angel of Death killed every Egyptian firstborn.42
7526468193Pontius Pilatethe governor of the Jews at the time of Jesus' crucifixion; he didn't think Jesus was guilty and wanted to spare him, but sentenced him to death under pressure from the crowd. He washed his hand in front of the crowd to show that he was not the one who spilled Jesus' blood.43
7526468194Prodigal Sona wasteful son who disappoints his father; from a parable of a man who split his stuff with two sons. the younger took his $ and went to "live the wild life", while the older stayed and worked the fields. When the younger spent all the $, he came crawling back to his father, who accepted him, pardoning him by saying he was "lost but was found". "The prodigal son returns"--> what people say when someone comes crawling back looking for forgiveness.44
7526468195Road to Damascusa sudden turning point in someone's life; the Apostle Paul fell from his horse, saw a bright light, and heard a voice that caused him to dramatically convert to the religious life.45
7526468197Samson and DelilahSamson, an Israelite hero and legendary warrior with extraordinary physical strength fell in love with Delilah the Philistine. When she learned that his hair was the source of his power, she betrayed him and cut it off. Today "Delilah" is associated with a voluptuous, treacherous woman.46
7526468198Scapegoatone who is made an object of blame for others; in ancient times the goat was symbolically burdened with the sins of Jewish people and thrown over a precipice outside of Jerusalem to rid the nation of iniquities.47
7526468200Sodom and Gomorrahany place associated with wickedness or sin; from the evil cities of the Old Testament that were destroyed by fire.48
7526468201Thirty pieces of silveranything paid for a treacherous act; "blood money"; the money Judas received for betraying Jesus to the authorities.49
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AP Language Chapter 1 Vocabulary Flashcards

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2837951036audienceOne's listener or readership; those to whom text is addressed0
2837953619concessionAn argumentative strategy by which a speaker or writer acknowledges the validity of an opponent's point1
2837955416connotationAn implied meaning of a word2
2837957686contextWords, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning3
2837958412counterargumentAn opposing argument to the one a writer is putting forward4
2837961896ethosAn appeal to an audience's sense of morality/trust; Achieved by projecting an image of credibility which supports the speaker's position5
2837963275logosAn appeal based on logic or reason6
2837965592occasionThe time and place a speech is given or a piece is written7
2837967025pathosAn appeal to emotion8
2837968863personaThe face or character that a speaker shows to his/her audience9
2837971536polemicControversial argument, esp. one attacking a specific idea10
2837972905propagandaIdeas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause.11
2837973586purposeOne's intention or objective in a speech or piece of writing.12
2837974183refutationa denial of the validity of an opposing argument13
2837975086rhetoricThe art of using language effectively and persuasively14
2837975721rhetorical appealsRhetorical techniques used to persuade an audience by emphasizing what they find most important or compelling. The three major appeals are to ethos (character), logos (reason), and pathos (emotion)15
2837976707rhetorical triangleA diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience (see Aristotelian triangle)16
2837977683speakerA term used for the author, speaker, or the person whose perspective (real or imagined) is being advanced in a text17
2837979406subjectIn rhetoric, the topic addressed in a piece of text18
2837980130textAny cultural product that can be "read", meaning consumed, comprehended, and investigated. Fiction, Nonfiction, poetry, speeches, fine art, cartoons, cultural trends, performances, etc19
2837984858toneAttitudes and presuppositions of the author that are revealed by their linguistic choices (diction, syntax, rhetorical devices)20
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AP Literature & Composition: Terms Flashcards

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4787012973allegorya story or poem that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning0
4787014670alliterationthe occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of words1
4787210022allusionan expression designed to call something to mind without directly2
4787217317analogya comparison of two things, typically on the basis of their structure for explaination3
4787220968anaphorarepetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses4
4787228803epistrophethe repetition of a word at the end of successive clauses or sentences5
4787232793anecdoteshort or amusing story about a real incident or person6
4787235824antagonistcharacter that stands in or represents opposition against the protagonist7
4787238978protagonistthe leading character or one of the main characters in a story8
4787241102antithesisa person or thing that is the direct opposite of something or someone9
4787245029anthropomorphismthe attribution of human characteristics or behavior to a god10
4787247550aphorisma pithy observation that contains a general truth11
4787251106apostrophepunctuation mark indicating possession or the omission of letters12
4787253847asyndetonthe omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentence13
4787259544polysyndetondevice in which several coordinating conjunctions are used in a sentence14
4787263666characterizationthe concept of creating characters for a literary narrative15
4787267449conflicta serious disagreement or argument; typically a protracted one16
4787270806connotationan idea or feelings that a work invokes in addition to its literal meaning17
4787274158denotationthe literal meaning of a word, in contrast to feelings or ideas of that word18
4787278545dictionthe choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing19
4787281254expositiona comprehensive cluster of description and explanation of a story or theory20
4787285169narrativea spoken or written account of connected events; a story21
4787286658figurative languagelanguage that uses words or expressions with a meaning; not literal22
4787292216flashbacka sudden and disturbing vivid memory of an event in the past23
4787296019foreshadowinga warning or indication of a future event24
4787297264foil charactera character who contrasts other characters to highlight particular qualities in that other character25
4787300619imageryvisually descriptive figurative language26
4787304915ironythe expression of ones meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite27
4787309585juxtapositionthe fact of two things being seen or placed closed together with effect28
4787311639satirethe use of humor, irony, exaggeration, and ridicule to expose and criticize peoples stupidity or vices29
4787315574local colorcustoms, manners, or dress that associates a person to a specific time period30
4787319002motifa distinctive feature or idea in an artistic or literally narrative31
4787322058symbola thing that represents or stands for something else32
4787325298plotthe main events of a play, movie, or novel devised and presented as an interrelated sequenced33
4787334696point of viewa particular view in relation to the story being told34
4787335725themethe subject of talk, a piece of writing, a persons thoughts or an exhibition35
4787340306tonethe general character attitude towards the events in a story36
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AP literature Flashcards

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7333511476prosenon-metrical language the opposite of verse0
7333517385themethe main idea or message of a literary work themes often explore timeless and universal ideas and may be implied rather than stated explicitly1
7333535473tonethe writers or speakers attitude toward the subject the audience or herself or himself the emotional coloring or emotional meaning of a work2
7333556228topicthe subject matter or idea of literary work not to be confused by theme3
7333564069settingthe context in time and place in which the action of a story occurs4
7333577731symbolsomething that means more than what it is an object,person,situation,or action that in addition to its literal meaning suggest other meanings as well a figure of speech which may be read both literally and figuratively5
7333618503versemetrical language the opposite of prose6
7333676841voicethe distinctive style or manner of expression of an author or a character in a book7
7333691720antagonistcharacter in a story or poem who opposes the main character protagonist sometimes the antagonist is an animal an idea or a thing8
7333705630characterany of the persons involved in a story or play the distinguishing moral qualities and personal traits of a character9
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AP Literature Week 3 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
7294289537connotationan idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning0
7294290164denotationthe literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests1
7294291417conflictinvolves a struggle between two opposing forces2
7294293215dictionthe choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing3
7294296752didacticintended to teach, particularly in having moral instruction as an ulterior motive4
7294299405euphemisma mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing5
7294297901extended metaphora comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a series of sentences in a paragraph, or lines6
7294301055figurative languageuses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation7
7294301977figure of speecha word or phrase used in a non-literal sense for rhetorical or vivid effect8
7294305152genrea category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter9
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