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Chapter 3 Outline
Key Issue 1
Introducing Migration
Migration-
a permanent move to a new location
Produces profound cultural changes
Economy changes
Mobility-
Migration is a form of this
Covers all types of movements from one place to another
Ex: going from home to work
Circulation- short term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis
Emigration- migration from a location
Immigration- migration to a location
Net Migration-
Ch. 5 Outline
Key Issue 1
Introducing Languages
Language- a system of communication through speech, a collection of sounds that a group of people understands to have the same meaning
Language and Migration
People in two locations speak the same language because of migration from one of the locations to another
People in Madagascar speak a language that belongs to the same family as most Indonesian and Filipino languages.
After a long time without connection languages will change
Classifying Languages
Ch. 6 Outline
Learning
Relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience
Classical Conditioning: Pairing; alarm wakes you up or mom wakes you up to go to school; one stimulus calls forth a response that is called forth by another stimulus
Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS): Stimulus coming from the environment that naturally triggers a response (automatic); the meat in Pavlov's experiment
Unconditioned Response (UCR): Reflex to the UCS, unlearned/naturally/automatically; salivation in response to the meat
Ch. 4 Outline
Sensation
sensation
a process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energy
the information that we get
Perception
a process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events
process of info we receive
Bottom-Up Processing
analysis that begins with the sense receptors and works up to the brain?s integration of sensory information
Top-Down Processing
Ch. 3 Notes
Video notes
the nervous system helps to sense things around us
Neuron is also known as the nerve cell and is the basic building block of the nervous system
Receptor- Neurons help in receiving, processing, and transmitting information
3 components of neurons
soma
dendrites
short projections or extensions that stretch out of the cell body
think of medusa
pick up impulses from receptors and pass it to the cell body
axon
a long thread-like projection of the neuron
Ch. 2 Notes
Agricultural density- the ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of arable land
Arithmetic density- the total number of people divided by the total of land area
Census- a complete enumeration of a population
Nonparticipation- homeless people, ethnic minorities, and citizens of other countries who don?t have proper immigration documents may be less likely to complete census forms
Ch. 2 Notes
Why do psychology?
hindsight bias: tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it
after you learn something you say that you already knew that
overconfidence: we tend to think we know more than we do
confirmation bias: leads observers to expect certain outcomes
what is expected of you
people expect you to perform at the level that is set as the best you can do
The Scientific Approach: A Search for Laws
Ch. 1 Notes
Functional region- Defined by a formal government or similar structure
Formal region- they have political boundaries. Political boundaries can overlap.
Vernacular region- the identity of a region
Spatial association- when you can make connections with two features of an area
Income and crime
Life expectancy at birth
Liquor stores and income
Globalization
Consumer products are distributed internationally
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Chapter 3 Outline
Key Issue 1
Introducing Migration
Migration-
a permanent move to a new location
Produces profound cultural changes
Economy changes
Mobility-
Migration is a form of this
Covers all types of movements from one place to another
Ex: going from home to work
Circulation- short term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis
Emigration- migration from a location
Immigration- migration to a location
Net Migration-
Ch. 5 Outline
Key Issue 1
Introducing Languages
Language- a system of communication through speech, a collection of sounds that a group of people understands to have the same meaning
Language and Migration
People in two locations speak the same language because of migration from one of the locations to another
People in Madagascar speak a language that belongs to the same family as most Indonesian and Filipino languages.
After a long time without connection languages will change
Classifying Languages
Ch. 6 Outline
Learning
Relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience
Classical Conditioning: Pairing; alarm wakes you up or mom wakes you up to go to school; one stimulus calls forth a response that is called forth by another stimulus
Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS): Stimulus coming from the environment that naturally triggers a response (automatic); the meat in Pavlov's experiment
Unconditioned Response (UCR): Reflex to the UCS, unlearned/naturally/automatically; salivation in response to the meat
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