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Psych Outline- Learning

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AP Psychology Outline Chapter 6: Learning Red ? Definition Blue - Important Points Green - Important People & Contributions Learning ? Any relatively durable Change in Behavior or Knowledge that is due to Experience. Conditioning ? Learning Associations between events that occur in an Organisms Environment. Classical Conditioning Phobias ? Irrational Fears of specific Objects or Situations. Classical Conditioning ? Type of Learning in which a Stimulus acquires the Capacity to Evoke a Response that was originally evoked by another Stimulus. Ivan Pavlov Pavlovian Conditioning Pavlov?s Dogs ? Prior to Dogs being Fed Meat, a Clicking Noise Occurred. Dogs started Salivating After awhile when the Click Occurred, prior to the Meat being given.

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Ages 0 to 2 Timeouts can be effective discipline for toddlers. A child who has been hitting, biting, or throwing food, for example, should be told why the behavior is unacceptable and taken to a designated timeout area ? a kitchen chair or bottom stair ? for a minute or two to calm down (longer timeouts are not effective for toddlers). Ages 3 to 5 Explain to kids what you expect of them before you punish them for a certain behavior. For instance, the first time your 3-year-old uses crayons to decorate the living room wall, discuss why that's not allowed and what will happen if your child does it again (for instance, your child will have to help clean the wall and will not be able to use the crayons for the rest of the day). Ages 6 to 8

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Ages 0 to 2 Timeouts can be effective discipline for toddlers. A child who has been hitting, biting, or throwing food, for example, should be told why the behavior is unacceptable and taken to a designated timeout area ? a kitchen chair or bottom stair ? for a minute or two to calm down (longer timeouts are not effective for toddlers). Ages 3 to 5 Explain to kids what you expect of them before you punish them for a certain behavior. For instance, the first time your 3-year-old uses crayons to decorate the living room wall, discuss why that's not allowed and what will happen if your child does it again (for instance, your child will have to help clean the wall and will not be able to use the crayons for the rest of the day). Ages 6 to 8

AP Psychology - Unit 6 (Learning) Outline

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Unit 6 ? Learning How Do We Learn? Learning is defined as ?a relatively permanent behavior change due to experience.? Associative learning is learning certain events that occur together. Conditioning is the process of learning associations. In classical conditioning, we learn to associate two stimuli in order to anticipate events, for instance wincing after lighting in anticipation of thunder. In operant conditioning, we learn to associate our behavior and its consequence and thus to repeat acts followed by good results and avoid acts followed by bad results. For example, a cat who receives a treat after performing an action is more likely to repeat that action. 'Habituation' describes an organism's decreasing response to a stimulus with repeated exposure to it.

Psychology In Everyday Life Unit: 2

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Unit 2: Experimenting with Psychology Asch Conformity- is a group experiment where there is a group of actors that give wrong answers and a experiment (person) to see if they go along with the group. 3 Types of Learning Social- learning Classical conditioning Operant conditioning Social Learning Albert Bandura Learning in a social situation Learn through observation and imitation The observer has to see some benefit in copying the behavior Common example of social learning come from tv commercials Bandura warned that ?children and adults acquire attitudes, emotional responses, and new styles of conduct through filmed and televised modeling Albert Bandura created the Bobo Doll experiment

7th edition Psych Wayne Weiten Ch.6 Outline

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Classical conditioning explains how a neutral stimulus can acquire the capacity to elicit a response originally evoked by another stimulus Many kinds of everyday responses are regulated through classical conditioning including phobias fears and pleasant emotional responses even physiological responses such as immune and sexual functioning respond to classical conditioning A conditioned response may be weaken and extinguished entirely when the CS is no longer paired with the UCS in some cases spontaneous recovery may occur and the extinguished response reappears after a period of nonexposure

AP Psychology Final Study Guide

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Psychology ? Eighth Edition by David G. Myers AP Psychology Final Study Guide History and Statistics 1) Validity ? the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to. (See also content validity and predictive validity.) (p. 448) 2) Reliability ? the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting. (p. 448) 3) Standardization ? defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested standardization group. (p. 446)ontemporary psychology ? According to contemporary psychologists, the unconscious is a type of information processing of which we are unaware. (p. 597)

AP Biology Notes on Animal Behavior

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Unit 16 - Animal Behavior List of Terms Fixed Action Pattern (FAP): innate, highly stereotypic behavior, that must be finished even if it is utterly useless. Initiated by external stimuli called sign stimuli e.g. stickleback fish attack other males (which have a red belly) who enter their territory if the stimuli are exchanged between the same species, it?s called a releaser Migration Animals migrate in response to external stimuli e.g. changes in day length, precipitation, temperature environment also gives cues for navigation Some animals track their position relative to sun Animals monitor changes in position of sun against internal circadian clock to tell where they are Nocturnal animals use the North star, which has a fixed position Pigeons use the magnetic field of the earth

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