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Zoology

Human Anatomy Notes Unit 1

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Amber Lankhorst Human Anatomy Notes: Body Planes and Regions- The left image shows three key anatomical planes of study: frontal, or coronal; transverse, or horizontal; and sagittal. The frontal plane is drawn through the body longitudinally, dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions. The transverse plane is drawn horizontally through the body, dividing it into superior and inferior parts. The sagittal plane is drawn through the body longitudinally, dividing it into left and right sides In the right image, terms of orientation are provided for comparison purposes. Superior refers to structures that are closest to the top of the skull. Inferior refers to structures closest to the plantar surface of the foot. Cranial relates to the head.

Biology Fish Respiration

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Respiration in Fishes Objective ? Understand how gaseous exchange takes place in fish ? To outline similarities and differences between gaseous exchange in fish and in mammals How do fishes obtain sufficient O2 effectively? ? Dissolved oxygen in the water is around 5 ml of oxygen per Liter of water ? For land animals there is approximately 40 times more oxygen available at 210 ml of oxygen per liter of air we breathe External Anatomy Structure: Gills ? Gills are covered by the operculum ? Consist of the gill arch and the gill filaments. ? Each gill arch contains a large number of gill filaments ? Gill filaments has thin walls and are richly supplied with blood capillaries. Gill ventilation

Biology Lung

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THE ?LUNG ? MODEL ? OBJECTIVES ?? To create a lung model to show the effects of inhalation and exhalation and the effects of respiratory diseases on the function of lungs. PARTS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 1. ?Trachea ? 2. ?Lungs ? 3. ?Diaphragm ? RECAP ?I: ?INHALATION ? 1.?Diaphragm ? contracts ?and ? ?a?ns ? 2.?Rib ?cage ?moves ?up ? and ?out ? ? ?? Thoracic ?cavity ? enlarges ? ?? Lower ?pressure ? within ?the ?lungs ? ?? Air ?enters ?the ? lungs ? RECAP ?II: ?EXHALATION ? 1.?Diaphragm ?relaxes ? and ?moves ?up ? 2.?Rib ?cage ?moves ? ? down ?and ?in. ? ? ?? Rib ?cage ?presses ? on ?the ?lungs ? ?? Air ?is ?forced ?out ?

zoologie - Deutérostomiens

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Les Deut?rostomiens ? premi?re vue, les ?toiles de mer et d'autres ?chinodermes semblent avoir peu en commun avec l'embranchement des cord?s qui comprend entre autres les vert?br?s. Cependant, ces animaux partagent les caract?ristiques deut?rostomiens. D?veloppement proto- et deut?rostomien Traits d?veloppementaux des Deut?rostomiens: 1) Zygote subit une segmentation radiale 2) Un d?veloppement ind?termin?: le destin des cellules n'est fix? que tard dans la morphog?n?se 3) M?soderme et coelome form?s par ?vagination de la paroi interne de la gastrula 4) Blastopore ("bouche" de la gastrula) devient l'anus, la bouche se forme ? parti d'une nouvelle ouverture du c?te oppos?

introduction zoologie

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Qu'est-ce que les animaux? Nous sommes tous d'accord pour dire qu'un chat est un animal... mais qu'est-ce qui en fait un animal? Pourquoi une ?ponge est-elle un animal? Pourquoi les ?ponges et les chats sont-ils plac?s dans le m?me r?gne? Vous pourriez penser que certains coraux ressemblent plus ? des plantes... Pourquoi ces organismes divers sont-ils tous class?s comme animaux? Il existe certaines fonctionnalit?s de base qui se trouvent dans tous les membres du r?gne Animal. En g?n?ral, les animaux sont tous mobiles, h?t?rotrophes et multicellulaires.

AP Bio Chapter 51 Outline

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Chapter 51 Animal Behavior Lecture Outline Overview: Shall We Dance? ? Red-crowned cranes (Grus japonensis) gather in groups to dance, prance, stretch, bow, and leap. They grab bits of plants, sticks, and feathers with their bills and toss them into the air. ? How does a crane decide that it is time to dance? In fact, why does it dance at all? ? Animal behavior is based on physiological systems and processes. ? An individual behavior is an action carried out by the muscular or hormonal system under the control of the nervous system in response to a stimulus. ? Behavior contributes to homeostasis; an animal must acquire nutrients for digestion and find a partner for sexual reproduction.

AP Biology Notes on Animal Behavior

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Unit 16 - Animal Behavior List of Terms Fixed Action Pattern (FAP): innate, highly stereotypic behavior, that must be finished even if it is utterly useless. Initiated by external stimuli called sign stimuli e.g. stickleback fish attack other males (which have a red belly) who enter their territory if the stimuli are exchanged between the same species, it?s called a releaser Migration Animals migrate in response to external stimuli e.g. changes in day length, precipitation, temperature environment also gives cues for navigation Some animals track their position relative to sun Animals monitor changes in position of sun against internal circadian clock to tell where they are Nocturnal animals use the North star, which has a fixed position Pigeons use the magnetic field of the earth

World Civ IIH - Introduction

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Introduction: 1. Geography: study of where people, place and things are located and how they relate to each other. Location: Position on Earth?s surface Absolute location is derived from longitude and latitude. Place: Physical and human characteristics Physical: Landforms Climate Soil Animal life Human: Activities Means of transportation Religion Language Human interaction with the environment: how people alter the world around them. Hidden costs: pollution, pesticides. People?s adaptation: conformity to the land. i.e. Igloos in the north. Movement: Shift of people, goods and ideas Migration: people move to find resource/freedoms/natural disasters/war Trade: Movement of goods between areas. Resources are spread differently => import and export of goods.

33

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An Introduction to Invertebrates Chapter 33 Porifera (Sponges) Parazoa (no true tissue) Sedentary (Sessile) Suspension Feeders Choanocytes (Collar Cells) Cnidarians (Hydras, Corals, Jellies) Eumetazoans (True Tissue) Diploblastic Radial Body Plan Gastrovascular cavity Single opening serves as anus and mouth Lophotrochozoans Eumetazoans Bilateral Symmetry Triploblastic Lophotrochozoans Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) Triploblastic acoelomates Ex. Planarians Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) Trematodes (parasitic flukes) Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) Tapeworms (parasitic flatworm) Scolex proglottids Lophotrochozoans Rotifers Alimentary canal Pseudocoelomates parthenogenesis Lophotrochozoans Lophophorates Have crown of ciliated tentacles around mouth Coelomates

StearnsWHAPChapter1

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- AP World History - Stearns Chapter 1 ? From Human Prehistory to the Early Civilizations I. Introduction A. Human origin ? 2.5 million years ago 1. 1/4000 of earth?s existence ? 24 hour day ? last 5 minutes B. Human negatives and positives 1. Aggressiveness, long baby time, back problems, death fears 2. Grip, high/regular sex drive, omnivores, facial expressions, speech C. Paleolithic (Old Stone) Age ? 2.5 million to 12000 BCE 1. Simple tools ? increase in size, brain capacity ? Homo erectus II. Late Paleolithic Developments Homo sapiens sapiens ? 120,000 years ago ? killed off others? Population growth required change ? 1 square mile to hunt/gather for 2 people Long breast feeding ? limit fertility

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