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Aggression

Chapter 10: Psychology: Themes and Variations, Canadian Edition

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Motivation and Emotion Motivation majority of motivation is unconscious sexual motivation is pretty prominent ex. study in the Netherlands found that women dressed more scantily when ovulating motivation: direction/goal of motives strength of motives reflect biological and psychosocial needs drive: internal state of tension that motivates an organism to engage in activities that should reduce this tension (restore equilibrium, homeostasis) motives can be overridden by conscious thought biological motives: hunger motive thirst motive sex motive temperature motive excretory motive sleep/rest motive activity motive (optimal level of stimulation/arousal) aggression motive social motives: achievement motive social dominance hierarchy affiliation motive (social bonds) need for acceptance

Ap Biology Chapter 51 Review

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Chapter 51: Animal Behavior Overview 1. How is behavior defined? ?A behavior is the nervous system?s response to a stimulus and is carried out by the muscular or the hormonal system ?Animal behavior is based on physiological systems and processes Concept 51.1 Discrete sensory inputs can stimulate both simple and complex behaviors 2. What is ethology? ?Ethology is the scientific study of animal behavior, particularly in natural environments 3. What is the difference between proximate and ultimate causation? ?Proximate causation, or the ?how? explains or focuses on: ?Environmental stimuli triggering a behavior, and ?Genetic, physiological, and anatomical mechanisms underlying a behavior ?Ultimate causation, or ?why? explains or focuses on the:

AP Psych Myers 6th edition Chapter 1

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HISTORY AND METHODS Psychology is the science of behavior and mental processes A Brief History- Wilhelm Wundt- founded first research lab in 1879- birth of scientific psychology Structuralism ? studied consciousness- introspection, examining one?s mind and what one is thinking and feeling. Edward Titchener Functionalism- look at function not structure, stress adaptation to the environment. William James (Principles of Psychology in 1890) John Dewey Gestalt psychology ? focus on the totality of perception, Max Wertheimer Psychoanalysis- Sigmund Freud- focus on role of unconscious conflicts, the process of raising these conflicts to a level of awareness is the goal of psychoanalysis Current Views of Psychology- Neurobiology- Behavior viewed in terms of biological responses

Main AP Psychology Topics

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2013 main ideas I. History and Approaches (2?4%) Psychology has evolved markedly since its inception as a discipline in 1879. There have been significant changes in the theories that psychologists use to explain behavior and mental processes. In addition, the methodology of psychological research has expanded to include a diversity of approaches to data gathering. students should be able to do the following: ? Recognize how philosophical perspectives shaped the development of psychological thought. ? Describe and compare different theoretical approaches in explaining behavior: ? structuralism, functionalism, and behaviorism in the early years; ? Gestalt, psychoanalytic/psychodynamic, and humanism emerging later;

AP Biology Notes on Animal Behavior

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Unit 16 - Animal Behavior List of Terms Fixed Action Pattern (FAP): innate, highly stereotypic behavior, that must be finished even if it is utterly useless. Initiated by external stimuli called sign stimuli e.g. stickleback fish attack other males (which have a red belly) who enter their territory if the stimuli are exchanged between the same species, it?s called a releaser Migration Animals migrate in response to external stimuli e.g. changes in day length, precipitation, temperature environment also gives cues for navigation Some animals track their position relative to sun Animals monitor changes in position of sun against internal circadian clock to tell where they are Nocturnal animals use the North star, which has a fixed position Pigeons use the magnetic field of the earth
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