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spanish empire

Traditions & Encounters: Chapter 23 Notes

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CHAPTER 23: TRANSOCEANIC ENCOUNTERS AND GLOBAL CONNECTIONS --- EXPLORATIONS Reason for exploration- God, Gold, Glory* Benefits of exploration- enabled mariners to chart ocean basins + develop accurate understanding of geography / merchants + mariners make global communication/transportation/exchange = $$ Vasco de Gama [1497] Portugal > India [christianity + spices] Prince Henry the Navigator [lived 1394-1460] [1415] sponsored voyages down w. African coast Christopher Columbus [1492] proposed sailing to Asia using western route reached cuban islands, claimed India exploration paved way for settlement, conquest, and exploitation of native americans Ferdinand Magellan [1519-1522] first world circumnavigation under Spain Captain James Cook [1768-1780] 3 expeditions in pacific

World War 2 Study guide

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Unit 3 explorer test! Country of Origin and the accomplishments of the explorers: Prince Henry the Navigator: PORTUGAL Year: 1415 His conquests in Africa landed him spices and maps He founded a school of Navigation in 1419 to prefect mapmaking, shipbuilding, and instrument making Historians: honor his efforts with the name Henry the Navigator Vasco De Gama: PORTUGAL (Portugal > India) Year: 1498 Portugal > India Sails past the Cape of Good Hope and around Africa to India He helped Portugal compete with the overland spice trade routes Christopher Columbus: SPAIN (1451- 1506) (Spain > Hispaniola) Year: 1492 (he accidentally landed in the Americas instead of reaching the East Indies) Started his voyage August 3, 1492 and landed on an island in the Bahamas on October 12, 1492

Commerce, Conquest, and Colonization, 1300–1600

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Kinberg, Nicholas Michael Chakmakian AP European History 4 May 2015 Chapter 1 Outline Commerce, Conquest, Colonization, 1300 ? 1600 1352, Mandeville'sBook of Marvelscirculated, Eurobecame consolidated/unified Reached geo. Limits; conquest of Muslim territory in 1492, Ferdinand/Isabella eradicated Muslims in west Euro that dated to 7thcentury No longer prospect of Latin Christendom's dominion in Holy Land, North Africa, other Muslimterritories were targeted by crusaders; Ottoman Turks were forging empire that would encompass all those regions/east Roman Empire in Byzantium German princes conquered territories in east Euro, slowed by Poland-Lithuania/emergence of Muscovy in northeastEuro, halted by Mongols/absorption of east Euro into Ottoman Empire

The Earth And Its Peoples, 3rd Edition Vocabulary Flashcards for Chapters 15-18

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Arawak Amerindian peoples who inhabited the Greater Antilles of the Carribean at the time of Columbus Atahualpa Last ruling Inca emperor of Peru, executed by the Spanish Atlantic Circuit the network of trade routes connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas; underlay the Atlantic system Atlantic system network of trade links after 1500 that moved goods, wealth, people and cultures around the Atlantic Ocean basin balance of power policy in international relations in which the major European states acted together to prevent any one of them from becoming too powerful Bartolome de Las Casas First bishop of Chiapas, Mexico; protected Amerindian peoples from exploitation and helped establish the New Laws of 1542, which limited the ability of

Latin American History Final

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11/10/14 9:14 PM BOOK NOTES p.146-154, 177-180 Structure = familiar from the conquest period Mines provide basic economic motor Export product and currency International merchants imported European goods Paid in silver which then went to Europe in return for more goods Two Zones of Silver Production Mexican North South-Central Andes (Potosi) Mine shafts could extend hundreds of feet in depth (growing deeper and wider) major problems with drainage Required large-scale investment far in advance of return Refineries headquarters of each mining sight housed owners, technical staff, skilled workers Two-part structure of the industry = radical separation of business Distinction between more skilled refinery workers and more quickly shifting, less skilled workers

Latin American Vocab

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Lavradores de cana ? The whole class of sugarcane cultivators in Brazil. They didn?t have enough capital to set up their own engenhos so they grew sugarcane which they processed at a nearby mill, and paid three-fifths of the sugar produced as a fee to the mill owner. Although they made up a sizeable portion of the population in Brazil, they didn?t constitute a homogeneous social or economic group. For example, men with noble status, merchants, and priests all might be lavradores de cana. (emv2126)

ch1 notes

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Founding the New Nation Christopher Columbus wasn?t planning on finding America. Many of the orginal colonists were fleeing from religious persecution but continued to refer to themselves as Europeans. The 13 colonies were all very different from each other. (EX, Puritans lived in small family owned farms and were mostly democratic. Anglicans built huge plantations with slaves, and were pretentious towards the farmers) Colonists profited greatly from trade with Britain, which ended when the they were forced into the French & Indian War The Shaping of North America North America formed 10 million years ago, by breaking apart from the single landmass called Pangea Peopling the Americas

World history review unit 3

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Unit III (1450-1750) PRACTICE TEST QUESTIONS The chart above shows that: A. Silver tended to ?flow? from Asia to Western Europe. B. Silver exports from Japan exceeded those of the New World. C. Silver production in the New World decreased from the 16th to the 18th century. D. China was the final destination for much of the silver produced from the 16th to the 18th century. E. Manila was the world?s leading consumer of silver bullion. D 2. Which reason did not contribute to the Netherlands becoming an economic success in the 1600s? a. rational economic behavior brought about by Calvinism. b. the development of more efficient merchant ships. c. conveniently located deposits of iron. d. immigration of Spanish dominion refugees. e. government policies that promoted trade. C

America: a Narrative History by Tindall and Shi notes Chapter 4

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Tindall Ch 4 outline The Imperial Perspective English Administration of the colonies English colonies had some degree of self-governance, so they had a sense of more rights. English civil war from 1642-1646 also gave the colonies a break from royal control. In 1651-1663, three Navigation Acts were passed, restricting the colonies? trade to just England. The Lords of Trade was established in 1675 to enforce the Navigation Act. Edward Randolph tried to enforce the Navigation Act in Massachusetts. Massachusetts declared the Navigation Act invalid in 1678 and therefore the charter of Massachusetts was canceled by the Lords of Trade in 1684 and became a royal colony. Charles II dies in 1685. His brother James II takes over as the first Catholic ruler since 1558.

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