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Alkane

Organic Chemistry Lecture 12b

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Chapter 12 * IR Spectrum of Amides Amides will show a strong absorption for the C?O at 1630?1660 cm-1. If there are hydrogens attached to the nitrogen of the amide, there will N?H absorptions at around 3300 cm-1. Chapter 12 * Carbon?Nitrogen Stretching C?N 1200 cm-1 C?N 1660 cm-1 usually strong C?N > 2200 cm-1 For comparison, C?C < 2200 cm-1 Chapter 12 Chapter 12 * IR Spectrum of Nitriles A carbon nitrogen triple bond has an intense and sharp absorption, centered at around 2200 to 2300 cm-1. Nitrile bonds are more polar than carbon?carbon triple bonds, so nitriles produce stronger absorptions than alkynes. Chapter 12 * Summary of IR Absorptions Chapter 12 Chapter 12 * Chapter 12 *

Organic Chemistry Lecture 12a

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Chapter 12 ?2010, Prentice Hall Organic Chemistry, 7th Edition L. G. Wade, Jr. Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry Chapter 12 * Introduction Spectroscopy is a technique used to determine the structure of a compound. Most techniques are nondestructive (it destroys little or no sample). Absorption spectroscopy measures the amount of light absorbed by the sample as a function of wavelength. Chapter 12 Chapter 12 * Types of Spectroscopy Infrared (IR) spectroscopy measures the bond vibration frequencies in a molecule and is used to determine the functional group. Mass spectrometry (MS) fragments the molecule and measures their mass. MS can give the molecular weight of the compound and functional groups.

Organic chemistry

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Organic Chemistry Name: _______________________ organic chemistry: the study of carbon-containing compounds -- hydrocarbons: compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon alkanes: contain only single bonds alkenes (olefins): contain at least one C=C double bond alkynes: contain at least one carbon-carbon triple bond aromatic hydrocarbons: benzene-based -- structural isomers: compounds with the same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements e.g., C4H10 Organic Nomenclature Memorize the first ten prefixes. 1 = meth-, 2 = eth-, 3 = prop-, 4 = but-, 5 = pent-, 6 = hex-, 7 = hept-, 8 = oct-, 9 = non-, 10 = dec- NOTE: Hydrocarbon substituent groups use these prefixes and end in –yl. Naming Alkanes
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