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Psychrometrics

Living in the Environment 16th Ed. : Ch.7 Key Terms

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Chapter 7 biomes large terrestrial regions characterized by similar climate, soil, plants, and animals, regardless of where they are found in the world. climate an area?s general pattern of atmospheric or weather conditions measured over long periods of time ranging from decades to thousands of years. currents Prevailing winds blowing over the oceans produce mass movements of surface water called currents. desert In a desert, annual precipitation is low and often scattered unevenly throughout the year. During the day, the baking sun warms the ground and causes evaporation of moisture from plant leaves and soil. But at night, most of the heat stored in the ground radiates quickly into the atmosphere. forest systems are lands dominated by trees. grasslands

Moisture

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Humidity Moisture content of the atmosphere Relative Humidity ? the percentage of saturation of the air. 50% humidity means that the air is holding half of the water it is capable of holding 100% humidity is when the air is holding all of the water vapor it can possibly hold ? air is fully saturated and probably precipitating This represents a parcel of air 20 ?C 0 ?C 10 ?C This is moisture 20 ?C HOW FULL IS IT? How could this air mass become 100% full? 10 ?C 0 ?C 20 ?C Drop its temp! What are two ways that nature changes R.H.? What is the Dew Point Temperature? The temperature to which the air mass must drop down to so that R.H is 100% At this point the air is said to be SATURATED

Weather

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What are 3 major variables that affect our weather? WATCH THE VIDEO! Factors that affect Temperature What is moisture? Water found in one of its three forms: 1. SOLID (ICE/SNOW) 2. LIQUID (RAIN) 3. GAS (WATER VAPOR) Precipitation is moisture that FALLS from the atmosphere above. Precipitation cleans the atmosphere of condensation nuclei Why does precipitation occur? Air can only hold a certain amount of water vapor before it will overfill and condense This is known as capacity ROOM FOR ONE MORE???? What temp. air can hold more W.V.? Warm air can hold MORE water vapor WHY????? Cold air holds LESS water vapor Every 10 degree Celsius increase doubles the air?s capacity Every 10 degree Celsius decrease cuts capacity in half * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Air Pressure

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Air Pressure The weight of the air above Earth?s surface Thanks to gravity, the atmosphere has weight. What affects air pressure? Altitude ? air pressure decreases the higher you go up 2 miles up Sea level Decreasing Air Pressure Higher Concentration of air molecules Gravity forces most air molecules to remain close to Earth?s surface Cold air is more dense than warm air Cold air has higher air pressure because the molecules are closer together v v COLD HOT Warm air has LESS air pressure because molecules are farther apart COLD HOT Which air mass can hold more water vapor? v v COLD HOT v v c COLD HOT Air Molecule Water Molecule Warmer air can hold more water molecules than cooler air
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