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Protein structure

Campbell Biology 9th Edition Chapter 5

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Biology
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Chemistry
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Molecules
Nitrogen cycle
Biomolecule
Backbone chain
Amino acid
Protein structure

LEVELS OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE Primary Structure?the unique sequence of amino acids, type sequence and number; determines the other three structures It is held together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl group of one amino acid with the amino group of another amino acid B. Secondary Structure? regular repeated coiling and folding of the polypeptide caused by H?bonds between atoms in the polypeptide backbone (a hydrogen on a nitrogen and a double?bonded oxygen atom) see Fig. 5.20 p. 76 a. alpha helix? a delicate coil held together by hydrogen bonding between every fourth peptide bond b. Beta pleated sheet? where regions of the chain lie parallel to each other LEVELS OF PROTEIN STRUCTURE

Proteins

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Alpha helix
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Non-covalent interactions

Chemical Components of Cells Part II- Protiens 1.19.16 Proteins are composed of amino acids General structure of an amino acid where R is one of twenty different side chains At pH=7, both the carboxyl and amino groups are polarized In cell, cytosol will always make it ionized Amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds R Groups have different chemical properties: Be able to decide if each R-group is hydrophobic or hydrophilic Proteins are folded polymers of amino acids Primary - linear Secondary - alpha or beta Tertiary - combination of alpha and beta, globular Quaternary - combination of globular structures Folding of protein determines function Most proteins adopt a single highly preferred conformation
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