AP Language Review Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 13998470733 | Loose Sentence | begins with a main clause that is followed by phrases and/or clauses that modify the main clause. These phrases or clauses add information to the main or independent clause. | 0 | |
| 13998470734 | Periodic Sentence | a sentence that, by leaving the completion of its main clause to the end, produces an effect of suspense. |  | 1 |
| 13998470735 | Litotes/Understatement | a figure of speech in which a negative statement is used to affirm a positive statement. | 2 | |
| 13998470736 | Warrant | expresses the assumption necessarily shared by the speaker and the audience. | 3 | |
| 13998470737 | Ethos | an appeal to ethics and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader. | 4 | |
| 13998470738 | Pathos | an appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response. | 5 | |
| 13998470739 | Logos | an appeal to logic, and is a way of persuading an audience by reason. | 6 | |
| 13998470740 | Concession | an acknowledgement that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable. | 7 | |
| 13998470741 | Syllogism | A logical structure that uses the major premise and minor premise to reach a necessary conclusion. |  | 8 |
| 13998470742 | Major premise | contains the term that is the predicate of the conclusion. |  | 9 |
| 13998470743 | Minor premise | contains the term that is the subject of the conclusion. | | 10 |
| 13998470744 | Induction | a logical process wherein you reason from particulars to universal, using specific cases in order to draw a conclusion, which is also called a generalization. | 11 | |
| 13998470745 | Deduction | a logical process wherein you reach a conclusion by starting with a general principle or universal truth (a major premise). | 12 | |
| 13998470746 | Equivocation | a fallacy of argument in which a lie is given the appearance of truth, or in which the truth is misrepresented in deceptive language. | 13 | |
| 13998470747 | Refutation | a denial of the validity of an opposing argument. | 14 | |
| 13998470748 | Diction | a speaker's choice of words. Analysis of diction looks at these choices and what they add to the speaker's message. | 15 | |
| 13998470749 | Simile | a figure of speech used to explain or clarify an idea by comparing it explicitly to something else, using words like, as, or as though. |  | 16 |
| 13998470750 | Metaphor | figure of speech that compares two unlike things without using like or as. | 17 | |
| 13998470751 | Anaphora | the intentional repetition of beginning clauses in order to create an artistic effect. |  | 18 |
| 13998470752 | Rhetoric | it is the art of finding ways of persuading an audience. | 19 | |
| 13998470753 | Allusion | brief reference to a person, event, or place (real or fictitious) to to a work of art. | 20 | |
| 13998470754 | Hyperbole | deliberate exaggeration used for emphasis or to produce a comic or ironic effect; an overstatement to make a point. | 21 | |
| 13998470755 | Personification | attribution of a lifelike quality to an inanimate object or an idea. | 22 | |
| 13998470756 | Asyndeton | omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words. | 23 | |
| 13998470757 | Polysyndeton | the deliberate use of multiple conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses or words. |  | 24 |
| 13998470758 | Parallelism | similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses. | 25 | |
| 13998470759 | Antithesis | opposition, or contrast or ideas or words in a parallel construction. | 26 | |
| 13998470760 | Enumeration | to mention separately as if in counting; name one by one; specify, as in list |  | 27 |
| 13998470761 | Chiasmus | the reversal in the order of words in two otherwise parallel phrases. Ex.) He went to the country, the country went to him. |  | 28 |
| 13998470762 | Rebuttal | In the Toulon model, a rebuttal gives voice to possible objections. |  | 29 |
| 13998470763 | Fallacy of Argument | a flaw in the structure of an argument that renders its conclusion invalid or suspect. |  | 30 |
| 13998470764 | Bandwagon Appeal | a fallacy of argument in which a course of action is recommended on the grounds that everyone else is following it. | 31 | |
| 13998470765 | Begging the Question | a fallacy of argument in which a claim is based on the very grounds that are in doubt or dispute. | 32 | |
| 13998470766 | Modes of Discourse | Exposition- illustrates a point Narration- tells a story Description- creates a sensory image Argumentation- takes a position on an issue and defends it. | 33 | |
| 13998470767 | Example | a specific event, person, or detail of an idea cited and/or developed to support or illustrate a thesis or topic. | 34 | |
| 13998470768 | Contrast/ Comparison | a method of presenting similarities and differences between or among at least two persons, places, things, ideas, etc. may be organized by: Subject by subject Point by point Combination | 35 | |
| 13998470769 | Cause and Effect | establishes a relationship: B is the result of A. | 36 | |
| 13998470770 | Classification | separates items into major categories and details the characteristics of each group is placed within the category. | 37 | |
| 13998470771 | Process | simply "how to" do something is done. It can have one of two purposes. It can either give instructions or inform the reader about how something is done. | 38 | |
| 13998470772 | Definition | identifies the class to which a specific term belongs and those characteristics which make it different from all the other items in that class. | 39 | |
| 13998470773 | Narration | is nothing more than storytelling. There is a beginning, a middle, and an end. | 40 | |
| 13998470774 | Description | writing that appeals to the senses. It can be objective, which is scientific or clinical, or it can be impressionistic, which tries to involve the reader's emotions or feelings. | 41 | |
| 13998470775 | False Dilemma or Dichotomy | a fallacy of argument in which a complicated issue is misrepresented as offering only two possible alternatives, one of which is often made to seem vastly preferable to the other. | 42 | |
| 13998470776 | Hasty generalization | a fallacy of argument in which an inference is drawn from insufficient data. | 43 | |
| 13998470777 | Non sequitor | a fallacy of argument in which claims, reasons, or warrants fail to connect logically; one point doesn't follow from another. | 44 | |
| 13998470789 | Allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning. A story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside the tale itself. | 45 | |
| 13998470790 | Alliteration | The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words (as in "she sells sea shells"). |  | 46 |
| 13998470791 | Ambiguity | The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage. |  | 47 |
| 13998470792 | Analogy | A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. | 48 | |
| 13998470793 | Antecedent | The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. | 49 | |
| 13998470794 | Aphorism | A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. (If the authorship is unknown, the statement is generally considered to be a folk proverb.) | 50 | |
| 13998470795 | Apostrophe | A prayer like figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. It is an address to someone or something that cannot answer. | 51 | |
| 13998470796 | Atmosphere | The emotional nod created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described. | 52 | |
| 13998470797 | Caricature | a verbal description, the purpose of which is to exaggerate or distort, for comic effect, a person's distinctive physical features or other characteristics. | 53 | |
| 13998470798 | Clause | A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb. | 54 | |
| 13998470799 | Colloquial/Colloquialism | The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing. | 55 | |
| 13998470800 | Literary Conceit | A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects; displays intellectual cleverness through unusual comparisons that make good sense | 56 | |
| 13998470801 | Connotation | The non-literal, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning. | 57 | |
| 13998470802 | Denotation | The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color. | 58 | |
| 13998470803 | Didactic | From the Greek, didactic literally means "teaching." | 59 | |
| 13998470804 | Euphemism | From the Greek for "good speech," euphemisms are a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept - POLITICALLY CORRECT | 60 | |
| 13998470805 | Extended Metaphor | A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work. | 61 | |
| 13998470806 | Figurative Language | Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid | 62 | |
| 13998470807 | Figure of speech | A device used to produce figurative language. Many compare dissimilar things. Figures of speech include apotrophe hyperbole irony metaphor oxymoron paradox personification simile syneddoche understatement | 63 | |
| 13998470808 | Genre | The major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama. | 64 | |
| 13998470809 | Homily | This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice. | 65 | |
| 13998470810 | Imagery | The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. | 66 | |
| 13998470811 | Inference/infer | To draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented. | 67 | |
| 13998470812 | Invective | an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language. | 68 | |
| 13998470813 | Irony/ironic | The contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant, or the difference between what appears to be and what is actually true. | 69 | |
| 13998470814 | Loose sentence/non-periodic sentence | A type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses. | 70 | |
| 13998470815 | Metaphor | A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity. | 71 | |
| 13998470816 | Metonymy | A figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. | 72 | |
| 13998470817 | Mood | The prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work. | 73 | |
| 13998470818 | Narrative | The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events. | 74 | |
| 13998470819 | Onomatopoeia | A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words. | 75 | |
| 13998470820 | Oxymoron | Oxymoron is a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. | 76 | |
| 13998470821 | Paradox | A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity. | 77 | |
| 13998470822 | Parody | A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. | 78 | |
| 13998470823 | Pedantic | An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish (language that might be described as "show-offy"; using big words for the sake of using big words). | 79 | |
| 13998470824 | Periodic sentence | The opposite of loose sentence, a sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. | 80 | |
| 13998470825 | Personification | A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions. | 81 | |
| 13998470826 | Point of view | In literature, the perspective from which a story is told. | 82 | |
| 13998470827 | Prose | written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure. | 83 | |
| 13998470828 | Repetition | The duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, such as a sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern. | 84 | |
| 13998470829 | Sarcasm | Involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something. | 85 | |
| 13998470830 | Satire | A work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule. | 86 | |
| 13998470831 | Subordinate clause | Like all clauses, this word group contains both a subject and a verb (plus any accompanying phrases or modifiers), but unlike the independent clause, this clause cannot stand alone; it does not express a complete thought. | 87 | |
| 13998470832 | Syllogism | A deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises (the first one called "major" and the second called "minor") that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion. | 88 | |
| 13998470833 | Symbol/symbolism | Generally, anything that represents itself and stands for something else. | 89 | |
| 13998470834 | Syntax | The way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences. | 90 | |
| 13998470835 | Theme | The central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life. | 91 | |
| 13998470836 | Thesis | The sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or position. | 92 | |
| 13998470837 | Tone | Describes the author's attitude toward his material, the audience, or both. | 93 | |
| 13998470838 | Transition | A word or phrase that links different ideas. Used especially, although not exclusively, in expository and argumentative writing, effectively signal a shift from one idea to another. | 94 | |
| 13998470839 | Understatement | the ironic minimalizing of fact; presents something as less significant than it is. | 95 | |
| 13998470840 | Wit | in modern usage, intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights. | 96 | |
| 13998470841 | Slippery Slope | This is the failure to provide evidence to support a claim that one event will lead to a catastrophic chain of events. | 97 | |
| 13998470842 | Straw man | When a writer argues against a claim that nobody actually holds or is universally considered weak. | 98 | |
| 13998470843 | Juxtaposition | Making on idea more dramatic by placing it next to its opposite. | 99 | |
| 13998470844 | Rhetorical Question | A question whose answer is assumed. | 100 | |
| 13998470845 | rhetorical appeal | the persuasive devices by which a writer tries to sway an audience's attention and response to any given work. See logos, ethos, and pathos. | 101 | |
| 13998470846 | descriptive detail | When an essay uses this phrase, look for the writer's sensory description. | 102 | |
| 13998470847 | Anecdote | A brief story that illustrates or makes a point | 103 | |
| 13998470848 | Appeal to authority | A fallacy in which a speaker or writer seeks to persuade not by giving evidence but by appealing to the respect people have for a famous person or institution. | 104 | |
| 13998470849 | Argumentation | one of the four forms of discourse which uses logic, ethics, and emotional appeals (logos, ethos, pathos) to develop an effective means to convince the reader to think or act in a certain way. | 105 | |
| 13998470850 | Assonance | Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity | 106 | |
| 13998470851 | tone | A speaker's, author's, or character's disposition toward or opinion of a subject. | 107 | |
| 13998470852 | audience | One's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed. | 108 | |
| 13998470853 | Begging the question | Often called circular reasoning, __ occurs when the believability of the evidence depends on the believability of the claim. | 109 | |
| 13998470778 | understatement | "I have to have this operation. It isn't very serious. I have this tiny little tumor on the brain." Holden Caulfield, Catcher in the Rye | 110 | |
| 13998470779 | allusion | The rise in poverty will unlock the Pandora's box of crimes. | 111 | |
| 13998470780 | hyperbole | "I'll love you, dear, I'll love you/Till China and Africa meet,/And the river jumps over the mountain" | 112 | |
| 13998470781 | invective | "I cannot but conclude the bulk of your natives to be the most pernicious race of little odious vermin that nature ever suffered to crawl upon the surface of the earth." Jonathan Swift Gulliver's Travels | 113 | |
| 13998470782 | antithesis | "To err is human; to forgive divine." Alexander Pope "An Essay on Criticism" | 114 | |
| 13998470783 | euphemism | "I am one, sir, that comes to tell you your daughter and the Moor are now making the beast with two backs." William Shakespeare Othello | 115 | |
| 13998470784 | paradox | "Whatever you do will be insignificant, but it is very important that you do it." -Gandhi | 116 | |
| 13998470785 | alliteration | "His soul swooned slowly as he heard the snow falling faintly through the universe and faintly falling, like the descent of their last end, upon all the living and the dead." | 117 | |
| 13998470786 | oxymoron | "Yet I should kill thee with much cherishing. / Good night, good night! Parting is such sweet sorrow, / That I shall say good night till it be morrow." | 118 | |
| 13998470787 | personification | "Pearl Button swung on the little gate in front of the House of Boxes. It was the early afternoon of a sunshiny day with little winds playing hide-and-seek in it." | 119 |
AP US History Review Period 6 1865-1898 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 9577925488 | Why 1865-1898 was chosen as the dates for Period 6 | 1865 begins with the end of the Civil War and 1898 marks the end of the Gilded Age. | 0 | |
| 9577942100 | Gilded Age | Term coined by Mark Twain; period from 1870s-1890s; businesses grew at a rapid rate and many problems lied below; some prospered; many suffered. | 1 | |
| 9552427684 | Social Darwinism | Charles Darwin's ideas applied to humans, "survival of the fittest." Used by wealthy to justify their position in life | 2 | |
| 9552427685 | Labor Unions | Knights of Labor - skilled and unskilled; AFL - skilled labor only; sought to improve working conditions and increase pay | 3 | |
| 9552427686 | Great Railroad Strike, 1877 | A large number of railroad workers went on strike because of wage cuts. After a month of strikes, President Hayes sent troops to stop the strike (example of how government always sided with employers over workers in the Gilded Age). The worst railroad violence was in Pittsburgh, with over 40 people killed by militia men | 4 | |
| 9552427687 | Chief Joseph surrendered, 1877 | US government broke a land treaty with the Nez Perce, forcing the group out of their homeland in Wallowa Valley in the Northwest for relocation in Idaho. Chief Joseph learned that three young Nez Perce warriors, angry at the loss of their homeland, had massacred a band of white settlers. Fearing retaliation by the U.S. Army, Chief Joseph led fewer than 300 Nez Perce Indians toward the Canadian border. 40 miles short from the Canadian border, they were cornered by the US Army and Chief Joseph surrenders in 1877. | 5 | |
| 9552427688 | James Garfield assassinated, 1881 | On July 2, 1881, President Garfield was assassinated by Charles J. Guiteau who was disgruntled because of his unsuccessful attempts at securing a federal post. His death gave momentum to civil service reform, which would pass with the Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883 which gradually changed government jobs from the spoils system (patronage) to the merit system, or from "who you know" to "what you know" | 6 | |
| 9552427689 | Booker T. Washington founded Tuskegee Institute, 1881 | A normal and industrial school led by Booker T. Washington in Tuskegee, Alabama. It focused on training young black students in agriculture and the trades to help them achieve economic independence. Washington justified segregated, vocational training as a necessary first step on the road to racial equality, although critics accused him of being too "accommodationist". | 7 | |
| 9552427690 | Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882 | law that suspended Chinese immigration into America. The ban was supposed to last 10 years, but it was expanded several times and was essentially in effect until WWII. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was the first significant law that restricted immigration into the United States of an ethnic working group. Extreme example of nativism of period | 8 | |
| 9552427691 | Pendelton Civil Service Act, 1883 | is a federal law established in 1883 (signed by President Arthur in the wake of Garfield's assassination by a deranged patronage-seeker) that stipulated that government jobs should be awarded on the basis of merit. The act provided selection of government employees competitive exams, rather than ties to politicians or political affiliation. It also made it illegal to fire or demote government employees for political reasons. To enforce the merit system, the law also created the US Civil Service Commission. | 9 | |
| 9552427692 | Haymarket Square Riot, 1886 | bomb is thrown at a squad of policemen attempting to break up a labor rally. The police responded with gunfire, killing several people in the crowd and injuring dozens more. It set off a national wave of hysteria, as hundreds of foreign-born radicals and labor leaders were rounded up in Chicago and elsewhere. A grand jury indicted 31 suspected labor radicals in connection with the bombing, and eight men were convicted. The Knights of Labor were also blamed for the riot which decrease their popularity. | 10 | |
| 9552427693 | American Federation of Labor created, 1886 | founded by Samuel Gompers. The AFL was considered more conservative than the Knights of Labor or the IWW, and campaigning for basic "bread and butter" issues for workers such as 8-hour days, higher wages, and better working conditions. For decades, the AFL only allowed white male skilled workers to join. The AFL tried to "work within the system" and get more benefits for skilled workers instead of the more radical goals of the KoL and the IWW who wanted to overthrow capitalism and establish economic democracy. | 11 | |
| 9552427694 | Dawes Severalty Act, 1887 | adopted by Congress in 1887, authorized the President of the United States to survey American Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians. Those who accepted allotments and lived separately from the tribe would be granted US citizenship. The act was an attempt to destroy Indian culture and the unity of the tribe and make each Native American head of household more like the White citizen/farmers. | 12 | |
| 9552427695 | Jane Addams founded Hull House, 1887 | Settlement home in Chicago, IL designed as a private welfare agency for needy families, particularly recent immigrants. It provided social and educational opportunities for working class people in the neighborhood as well as improving some of the conditions caused by poverty. Not the first, but the most famous of settlement house movement, in part because of popularity of Jane Addams' writing | 13 | |
| 9552427696 | New South | Idea that the south should industrialize after the Civil War. Despite calls for industrialization, sharecropping and tenant farming persisted in the South | 14 | |
| 9552427697 | Sharecropping | Persisted in the South (especially for African Americans.) They had to give a share of their crops to plantation owners. Way for southerners to get around the 13th amendment. | 15 | |
| 9552427698 | Mechanized Agriculture | Using machines in farming to increase farm production; displaced many farmers; farmers created organizations to resist corporate power (Grange) | 16 | |
| 9552427699 | People's (Populist) Party | Created in response to the growth of corporate power; called for political reform (election of senators, secret ballot) and increased government involvement in economy | 17 | |
| 9552427700 | Political Machines | Appealed to immigrants and urban poor; provided services in exchange for support. Think Boss Tweed and Tammany Hall | 18 | |
| 9552427701 | Settlement Houses (Notably Jane Addams' Hull House) | Helped immigrants adjust to American life. Focused on providing education and other skills for women, immigrants, and children | 19 | |
| 9552427702 | Decimation of the buffalo | Buffalo almost became extinct due to westward expansion and over hunting of buffalo (buffalo hide); impacted Native Americans | 20 | |
| 9552427703 | Social Gospel | Protestant Church Movement that sought to improve the conditions of cities | 21 | |
| 9552427704 | Assimilation of Native Americans | Process of making Natives "America"; Dawes Act - assimilated through cutting hair, changing tribal identities, providing individual land plots | 22 | |
| 9552427705 | The "Gospel of Wealth" 1889 | book written by Andrew Carnegie that described the responsibility of the rich to be philanthropists. This softened the harshness of Social Darwinism as well as promoted the idea of philanthropy, meaning to use their wealth for the benefit of society by sponsoring the arts, science, libraries, etc. Nicer alternative to harsh philosophy of Social Darwinism, but it was still very elitist and gave power over society to rich. | 23 | |
| 9552427706 | Jacob Riis published How the Other Half Lives, 1890 | book by muckraker photojournalist John Riis that showed the public the squalid conditions tenements in NYC (slums that housed many recent immigrants in highly unsanitary conditions). Was very graphic and caused people to re-evaluate tenement houses and helped spur reforms as part of the Progressive Era. | 24 | |
| 9552427707 | Sherman Anti-Trust Act, 1890 | First federal action against monopolies, it was signed into law by President Benjamin Harrison and was later extensively used by Theodore Roosevelt for trust-busting. However, it was first misused AGAINST labor unions | 25 | |
| 9552427708 | Wounded Knee massacre, 1890 | US army killed 200 in order to suppress the Ghost Dance movement, a religious movement that was the last effort of Indians to resist US invasion. Ended Native American resistance in the Great Plains | 26 | |
| 9552427709 | Ellis Island opened, 1892 | An immigration center in New York in the shadow of the Statue of Liberty for all incoming immigrants from the Atlantic. Opened to conduct more rigorous tests on incoming immigrants in order to restrict immigration. | 27 | |
| 9552427710 | Homestead Strike, 1892 | On June 29, 1892, workers belonging to the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers struck the Carnegie Steel Company at Homestead, Pa. to protest a proposed wage cut. Henry C. Frick, the company's general manager, determined to break the union. He hired 300 Pinkerton detectives to protect the plant and strikebreakers. After an armed battle between the workers and the detectives, several men were killed or wounded, the governor called out the state militia. The Homestead strike led to a serious weakening of unionism in the steel industry until the 1930s. | 28 | |
| 9552427711 | Panic of 1893 | Serious economic depression beginning in 1893. Began due to railroad companies over-extending themselves, causing bank failures. Was the worst economic collapse in the history of the country until that point, some say as bad as the Great Depression of the 1930s. | 29 | |
| 9552427712 | Pullman Strike, 1894 | A staged walkout strike by railroad workers upset by drastic wage cuts. The strike was led by socialist Eugene Debs but not supported by the American Federation of Labor. Eventually President Grover Cleveland intervened because it was interfering with mail delivery and federal troops forced an end to the strike. The strike highlighted both divisions within labor and the government's continuing willingness to use armed force to combat work stoppages. | 30 | |
| 9552427713 | Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896 | The court case in which the Supreme Court validated the South's segregationist social order; ruled that "separate but equal" facilities were constitutional under the "equal protection" clause in the Fourteenth Amendment; in reality the quality of African American life was grotesquely unequal to that of whites. Later overturned by Brown v. Board in 1954 | 31 | |
| 9552427714 | Election of 1896 | William McKinley wins! The presidential election of 1896 demonstrated a sharp division in society between urban and rural interests. William Jennings Bryan (Democrat & Populist) was able to form a coalition that answered the call of populist groups and rural interests including the indebted farmers and those arguing against the gold standard (remember "Cross of Gold" speech). McKinley's victory highlights the shift from America as an agrarian nature to one of urban interests. Populism defeated, but many of its goals would be achieved later in the Progressive Era. | 32 |
AP Chemistry: Essential Elements Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 8422028581 | Hydrogen | H | 0 | |
| 8422028582 | Helium | He | 1 | |
| 8422028583 | Lithium | Li | 2 | |
| 8422028584 | Beryllium | Be | 3 | |
| 8422028585 | Boron | B | 4 | |
| 8422028586 | Carbon | C | 5 | |
| 8422028587 | Nitrogen | N | 6 | |
| 8422028588 | Oxygen | O | 7 | |
| 8422028589 | Fluorine | F | 8 | |
| 8422028590 | Neon | Ne | 9 | |
| 8422028591 | Sodium | Na | 10 | |
| 8422028592 | Magnesium | Mg | 11 | |
| 8422028593 | Aluminium | Al | 12 | |
| 8422028594 | Silicon | Si | 13 | |
| 8422028595 | Phosphorus | P | 14 | |
| 8422028596 | Sulfur | S | 15 | |
| 8422028597 | Chlorine | Cl | 16 | |
| 8422028598 | Argon | Ar | 17 | |
| 8422028599 | Potassium | K | 18 | |
| 8422028600 | Calcium | Ca | 19 | |
| 8422028601 | Scandium | Sc | 20 | |
| 8422028602 | Titanium | Ti | 21 | |
| 8422028603 | Vanadium | V | 22 | |
| 8422028604 | Chromium | Cr | 23 | |
| 8422028605 | Manganese | Mn | 24 | |
| 8422028606 | Iron | Fe | 25 | |
| 8422028607 | Cobalt | Co | 26 | |
| 8422028608 | Nickel | Ni | 27 | |
| 8422028609 | Copper | Cu | 28 | |
| 8422028610 | Zinc | Zn | 29 | |
| 8422028611 | Gallium | Ga | 30 | |
| 8422028612 | Germanium | Ge | 31 | |
| 8422028613 | Arsenic | As | 32 | |
| 8422028614 | Selenium | Se | 33 | |
| 8422028615 | Bromine | Br | 34 | |
| 8422028616 | Krypton | Kr | 35 | |
| 8422028617 | Rubidium | Rb | 36 | |
| 8422028618 | Strontium | Sr | 37 | |
| 8422028619 | Yitrium | Y | 38 | |
| 8422028620 | Zirconium | Zr | 39 | |
| 8422028621 | Niobium | Nb | 40 | |
| 8422028622 | Molybdenum | Mo | 41 | |
| 8422028623 | Technetium | Tc | 42 | |
| 8422028624 | Ruthenium | Ru | 43 | |
| 8422028625 | Rhodium | Rh | 44 | |
| 8422028626 | Palladium | Pd | 45 | |
| 8422028627 | Silver | Ag | 46 | |
| 8422028628 | Cadmium | Cd | 47 | |
| 8422028629 | Indium | In | 48 | |
| 8422028630 | Tin | Sn | 49 | |
| 8422028631 | Antimony | Sb | 50 | |
| 8422028632 | Tellurium | Te | 51 | |
| 8422028633 | Iodine | I | 52 | |
| 8422028634 | Xenon | Xe | 53 | |
| 8422028635 | Caesium | Cs | 54 | |
| 8422028636 | Barium | Ba | 55 | |
| 8422028637 | Hafnium | Hf | 56 | |
| 8422028638 | Tantalum | Ta | 57 | |
| 8422028639 | Tungsten | W | 58 | |
| 8422028640 | Rhenium | Re | 59 | |
| 8422028641 | Osmium | Os | 60 | |
| 8422028642 | Iridium | Ir | 61 | |
| 8422028643 | Platinum | Pt | 62 | |
| 8422028644 | Gold | Au | 63 | |
| 8422028645 | Mercury | Hg | 64 | |
| 8422028646 | Thallium | Tl | 65 | |
| 8422028647 | Lead | Pb | 66 | |
| 8422028648 | Bismuth | Bi | 67 | |
| 8422028649 | Polonium | Po | 68 | |
| 8422028650 | Astatine | At | 69 | |
| 8422028651 | Radon | Rn | 70 | |
| 8422028652 | Francium | Fr | 71 | |
| 8422028653 | Radium | Ra | 72 |
Flashcards
Frankenstein Quiz Ap Literature Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 12744373904 | 1. What is Robert Walton's most significant trouble, as indicated in his letters to Margaret? | C) He is lonely and desires a true friend. | 0 | |
| 12744373905 | 2. As a young man, Victor Frankenstein became fascinated by the writings of | alchemists. | 1 | |
| 12744373906 | 3. What first demonstrates to Victor the destructive powers of nature? | Lightning destroys a tree near his home. | 2 | |
| 12744373907 | 4. What was Victor's mother's dying wish? | Victor and Elizabeth should get married. | 3 | |
| 12744373908 | 5. As Victor begins to delve further into his scientific studies, what is the effect on the rest of his life? | He completely neglects his relationships and his health. | 4 | |
| 12744373909 | 6. Victor's most dominant emotion during the time following bringing his creature to life is | anguish. | 5 | |
| 12744373910 | 7. Why doesn't Victor try harder to defend Justine? | He doesn't want people to think he is insane if he tells the truth. | 6 | |
| 12744373911 | 8. What stops Victor from committing suicide? | thoughts of his father and of Elizabeth | 7 | |
| 12744373912 | 9. Where does Victor first reunite with his monster ? | at the summit of Montanvert | 8 | |
| 12744373913 | 10. The monster 's earliest experiences on his own primarily involved | learning about how the world and his body work. | 9 | |
| 12744373914 | 11. Why does the monster retreat from society? | B. People continually flee because of how he looks | 10 | |
| 12744373915 | 12. How does the monster first learn language? | He listens to and observes a family. | 11 | |
| 12744373916 | 13. What is the reason for the De Lacey family's plight? | They were stripped of their wealth for trying to help a prisoner escape. | 12 | |
| 12744373917 | 14. Through learning to read, the monster is able to gain what knowledge? | how he was created | 13 | |
| 12744373918 | 15. What experience/feeling is most responsible for turning the monster violent and vengeful? | rejection | 14 | |
| 12744373919 | 16. What does the monster demand of Victor? | a female companion | 15 | |
| 12744373920 | 17. When Victor destroys his project, what is the monster's vow of revenge? | He will be with Victor on his wedding night. | 16 | |
| 12744373921 | 18. Elizabeth is concerned that the source of Victor's illnesses is | love for another woman. | 17 | |
| 12744373922 | 19. Which event causes Victor to devote his full attention to finding and destroying the monster? | The monster murders Elizabeth. | 18 | |
| 12744373923 | 20. What is Victor's argument to Walton's crew when they want to give up on their voyage and return to England? | The prospect of honor and glory should spur them on. | 19 | |
| 12744373924 | 21. "The mildness of my nature had fled, and all within me was turned to gall and bitterness" The quote above contains which two types of figurative language? | personification and contrast | 20 | |
| 12744373925 | 22. "It advanced; the heavens were clouded, and I soon felt the rain coming slowly in large drops, but its violence quickly increased. I quitted my seat and walked on, although the darkness increased every minute and the thunder burst with a terrific crash over my head" (49-50). The mood established in the quote above could most accurately be described as | foreboding. | 21 | |
| 12744373926 | 23. " ' That is also my victim !, he exclaimed ; ' in his murder my crimes are consummated ; the miserable series of my being is wound to its close! Oh, Frankenstein! generous and self-devoted being! what does it avail that I now ask thee to pardon me? , who irretrievably destroyed thee by destroying all thou lovedst" (163). The motif in the novel which is most clearly exemplified in the quote above is | The guilt over one's actions | 22 | |
| 12744373927 | 24. "Ah! it is well for the unfortunate to be resigned, but for the guilty there is no peace. The agonies of remorse poison the luxury there is otherwise sometimes found in indulging the excess of grief (140), Which figure of speech is utilized in the quote above? | antithesis | 23 | |
| 12744373928 | 25. "The leaves of that year had withered before my work drew to a close.." (34) Which literary element is indicated by the quote above? | setting | 24 |
Flashcards
AP US History Chapter 26 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 12344323525 | Sitting Bull | a Hunkpapa Lakota leader who led his people during years of resistance to United States government policies and was killed by Indian agency police on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation during an attempt to arrest him | 0 | |
| 12344323526 | Chief Joseph | a leader of the Wal-lam-wat-kain band of Nez Perce who led his followers in a dramatic effort to escape to Canada when faced with settlement by whites of tribal lands in Oregon | 1 | |
| 12344323527 | George A. Custer | a U.S. cavalry officer who served with distinction in the American Civil War, is better known for leading more than 200 of his men to their deaths in the notorious Battle of the Little Bighorn in June 1876 | 2 | |
| 12344323528 | Sioux Wars | a series of battles and negotiations which occurred between 1876 and 1877 between the Lakota, Sioux, and Northern Cheyenne and the government of the United States | 3 | |
| 12344323529 | Apache | a group of culturally related Native American tribes in the Southwestern United States, which include the Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Salinero, Plains and Western Apache | 4 | |
| 12344323530 | Ghost Dance | a new religious movement incorporated into numerous American Indian belief systems as the last effort of Native Americans to resist US domination and drive whites from their ancestral lands | 5 | |
| 12344323531 | Battle of Wounded Knee | an 1890 massacre left some 15 0Native Americans dead, in what was the final clash between federal troops and the Sioux between North American Indians and representatives of the U.S. government | 6 | |
| 12344323532 | Geronimo | a prominent leader and medicine man from the Bedonkohe band of the Chiricahua Apache tribe who led his people's defense of their homeland against the military might of the United States | 7 | |
| 12344323533 | Dawes Severalty Act | an act adopted by Congress in 1887 that authorized the President of the United States to survey American Indian tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians | 8 | |
| 12344323534 | Reservation System | a system that allotted land with designated boundaries to Native American tribes in the west, beginning in the 1850s and most land was used communally, rather than owned individually | 9 | |
| 12344323535 | Battle of Little Big Horn | an armed engagement between combined forces of the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes and the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States | 10 | |
| 12344323536 | Helen Hunt Jackson | an American poet and writer who became an activist on behalf of improved treatment of Native Americans by the United States government | 11 | |
| 12344323537 | Frederick Jackson Turner | an American historian that laid the foundation for modern historical study of the American West and presented a "frontier thesis" that continues to influence historical thinking even today | 12 | |
| 12344323538 | Marcus A. Hanna | an American businessman and Republican politician, who served as a United States Senator from Ohio as well as chairman of the Republican National Committee | 13 | |
| 12344323539 | William McKinley | the 25th President of the United States that led the nation to victory in the Spanish-American War and raised protective tariffs to promote American industry until his assassination in September 1901 | 14 | |
| 12344323540 | Oliver H. Kelley | one of the key founders of the National Grange of the Order of Patrons of Husbandry, a fraternal organization in the United States and became a powerful political force among western farmers | 15 | |
| 12344323541 | Jacob S. Coxey | an American politician that received national recognition when he led an "Industrial Army" of unemployed workers to Washington, D. C. to protest the federal government's response to the economic depression of the 1890s | 16 | |
| 12344323542 | Patrons of Husbandry | a fraternal organization in the United States that encourages families to band together to promote the economic and political well-being of the community and agriculture | 17 | |
| 12344323543 | Granger Laws | a series of laws passed in several midwestern states of the United States to regulate grain elevator and railroad freight rates and rebates and to address discrimination and other railroad abuses against farmers | 18 | |
| 12344323544 | Farmer's Alliance | an organized agrarian economic movement among American farmers that developed and flourished in 1875 when black farmers faced the same economic problems as the whites and were excluded on the basis of race from membership in the Southern Farmers' Alliance | 19 | |
| 12344323545 | Populists | a new American political party who supported increasing the power of the working class and the farmers against the interests of the wealthy, who were more politically powerful | 20 | |
| 12344323546 | Comstock Lode | a lode of silver ore located under the eastern slope of Mount Davidson and was the first major discovery of silver ore in the United States named after American miner Henry Comstock | 21 | |
| 12344323547 | Long Drive | journeys in the plains states by ranchers who needed a way to easily transport their cattle to eastern cities | 22 | |
| 12344323548 | mechanization of agriculture | the process of using agricultural machinery to mechanize the work of agriculture, greatly increasing farm worker productivity | 23 | |
| 12344323549 | mining industry | composed of two sectors, one specializes in exploration for new resources; other specializes in mining those resources | 24 | |
| 12344323550 | Gold Standard Act | an act passed in 1990 that established gold as the only standard for redeeming paper money, stopping bimetallism | 25 |
Flashcards
Flashcards
Pages
Need Help?
We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.
For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.
If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.
Need Notes?
While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!
