| 13545572016 | What factors shaped the features of early trade routes in the eastern hemisphere? | Climate and location of routes, typical trade goods, and the ethnicity of the people involved. | | 0 |
| 13545572017 | What are the 4 most significant trade routes of the period between 600BCE and 600CE? | 1. Eurasian Silk Roads
2. Trans-Saharan caravan routes
3. Indian Ocean sea lanes
4. Mediterranean sea lanes | | 1 |
| 13545572018 | What new technologies facilitated long-distance communication and exchange between 600BCE and 600CE? | Yokes, saddles, and stirrups permitted the use of domesticated pack animals. | | 2 |
| 13545572019 | What factors stimulated early exchanges along maritime routes from East Africa to East Asia? | Innovations in maritime technology and advanced knowledge of monsoon winds. Ex. Lateen sail and dhow ships. | | 3 |
| 13545572020 | What are the various forms of exchanges that took place between 600BCE and 600CE? | Trade goods, people, technology, religious and cultural beliefs, food crops, domesticated animals, and disease pathogens. | | 4 |
| 13545572021 | What crops spread from South Asia to the Middle East? | Rice and cotton. | | 5 |
| 13545572022 | What changes did the spread of crops encourage? | Changed in farming and irrigation techniques. | | 6 |
| 13545572023 | What religious and cultural traditions were transformed as they spread? | Christianity, Hinduism, and Buddhism. | | 7 |
| 13545572024 | The number and size of key states and empires grew dramatically by: | Imposing political unity. | | 8 |
| 13545572025 | What are the 6 key states/empires and their locations? | Southwest Asia: Persian Empire
East Asia: Qin and Han Empires
South Asia: Mauryan and Gupta Empires
Mediterranean: Phoenecia, Greek City-states, Hellenistic and Roman empires
Mesoamerica: Teotihuacan, Maya
Andean South America: Moche | | 9 |
| 13545572026 | What did the rulers of empires create to organize their subjects? | Administrative institutions | | 10 |
| 13545572027 | Two important elements of imperial administrations are: | 1. Centralized government
2. Elaborate legal systems & bureaucracies | | 11 |
| 13545572028 | What regions hosted the most famous administrative institutions? | China, Persia, Rome, & South Asia | | 12 |
| 13545572029 | Name 4 ways in which imperial governments projected military power over large areas. | 1. Diplomacy
2. Developing supply lines
3. Building fortifications
4. Defensive walls and roads
5. Drawing new groups of military officers and soldiers from the local populations or conquered peoples | | 13 |
| 13545572030 | What function did cities play in Afro-Eurasia and the Americas? | 1. Centers of trade
2. Public performance of religious rituals
3. Political administration for states and empires | | 14 |
| 13545572031 | Name 2 important early imperial cities. | Rome & Teotihuacan | | 15 |
| 13545572032 | What did the social structures of early empires display? What groups were typically included? | Hierarchies / Included cultivators, laborers, slaves, artisans, merchants, elites, or caste groups | | 16 |
| 13545572033 | How did imperial societies maintain food production? | Relied on a range of methods such as peasant communities and slavery. | | 17 |
| 13545572034 | An important reason to produce surplus in imperial societies was: | To provide rewards for the loyalty of elites. | | 18 |
| 13545572035 | ___________ continued to shape gender and family relations in imperial societies. | Patriarchy | | 19 |
| 13545572036 | What specific empires created difficulties they could not manage? | Roman, Han, Persian, Mauryan, and Gupta | | 20 |
| 13545572037 | What types of difficulties did Empires create that often led to their collapse/decline/transformation? | Political, cultural, and administrative | | 21 |
| 13545572038 | How did empire create environmental issues and what did these issues lead to? | Successive mobilization of resources led to environmental damage which resulted in social tensions and economic difficulties by concentrating too much wealth in the hands of elites. | | 22 |
| 13545572039 | What sorts of external problems did empires face? | Issues along the frontier such as threat of invasions. | | 23 |
| 13545572040 | What are 2 important examples of empires' external problem? | Rome: Problems with northern and eastern neighbors
Gupta: White Huns | | 24 |
| 13545572041 | The codification of the ________ scriptures further associated Judaism with monotheism. | Hebrew (Scriptures) | | 25 |
| 13545572042 | The Hebrew scriptures influenced the cultural and legal traditions of what area? | Mesopotamia | | 26 |
| 13545572043 | What trend influenced the Jewish diasporic communities in the Middle East? Which peoples were involved? | Conquest of Jewish states by Assyria, Babylonia, and Rome. | | 27 |
| 13545572044 | Sanskrit scriptures formed the basis of the __________ religions, which later became known as __________. | Vedic, Hinduism | | 28 |
| 13545572045 | What core beliefs did Buddhism preach? What scriptures were they recorded in? | Core beliefs: desire, suffering, and the search for enlightenment.
Scriptures: Sutras & other misc. scriptures. | | 29 |
| 13545572046 | Buddhism was, in part, a reaction to ____________. | The Vedic beliefs and rituals dominant in South Asia. | | 30 |
| 13545572047 | Emperor _______________ of _____________ supported the spread of Buddhism. Buddhism was also spread through
___________________________. | Asoka / Mauryan Empire / efforts of missionaries and merchants and the establishment of educational institutions. | | 31 |
| 13545572048 | The philosophical belief system of ___________ came out of China. | Confucianism | | 32 |
| 13545572049 | Confucianism's main goal was: | to promote social harmony by outlining proper rituals and social relationships. | | 33 |
| 13545572050 | What are the core beliefs of Daoism? | Balance between humans and nature. | | 34 |
| 13545572051 | What role did Daoism play in the development of Chinese culture? | It influenced medical theories and practices, pottery, metallurgy, and architecture. | | 35 |
| 13545572052 | Christianity drew on which religious tradition? | Judaism | | 36 |
| 13545572053 | Initially, Christianity rejected _______________ influences. | Roman & Hellenistic | | 37 |
| 13545572054 | Christianity initially spread through ____________, and later through the support of ____________________. | Efforts of missionaries and merchants through many parts of Afro-Eurasia / Emporer Constantine | | 38 |
| 13545572055 | What are the cored ideas of Greco-Roman philosophy/science? | Logic, empirical observations, and the nature of political power and hierarchy. | | 39 |
| 13545572056 | What role did belief systems play in social systems? | Affected gender roles:
Judaism & Christianity: encouraged monastic life
Confucianism: emphasized filial piety | | 40 |
| 13545572057 | What belief systems continued alongside the codified, written belief systems? Why did these persist outside of core civilizations? | Shamanism/Animism persisted because of their daily reliance on the natural world. | | 41 |
| 13545572058 | Which major art forms were influenced by belief systems? Which important examples are provided in the Key Concept outline? | Literature, drama, architecture, and sculpture. / Ex. Greek plays, Indian epics | | 42 |
