| 13969830180 | Triple Alliance (central power) | An alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy in the years before WWI. | | 0 |
| 13969832608 | Schieffen Plan | Plan of attacking and defeating France in the west and rushing east to fight Russia. | | 1 |
| 13969834934 | Isolationism | A policy of nonparticipation in international economic and political relations | | 2 |
| 13969837774 | Zimmerman Telegram | A telegram Germany Sent to Mexico to convince Mexico to attack the U.S. | | 3 |
| 13969837775 | Fourteen Points | A series of proposals in which U.S. president Woodrow Wilson outlined a plan for achieving a lasting peace after World War I. | | 4 |
| 13969841955 | league of nations | an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations | | 5 |
| 13969844226 | April Theses | Lenin's promise to the Russian people and challenge to the Provisional Government to provide peace, land, and bread | | 6 |
| 13969845967 | red army | the regular army of the former Soviet Union | | 7 |
| 13969845968 | New Economic Policy (NEP) | Lenin's 1921 policy to re-establish limited economic freedom in an attempt to rebuild agriculture and industry in the face of economic disintegration | | 8 |
| 13969848205 | five year plans | Plans that Joseph Stalin introduced to industrialize the Soviet Union rapidly, beginning in 1928. They set goals for the output of steel, electricity, machinery, and most other products and were enforced by the police powers of the state. | | 9 |
| 13969855949 | Collectivization | a system in which private farms are eliminated and peasants work land owned by the government | | 10 |
| 13969855950 | Great Depression | the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s | | 11 |
| 13969859285 | facism | A political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and has no tolerance for opposition | | 12 |
| 13969861205 | Totalitarianism | A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.) | | 13 |
| 13969863412 | blackshirts | Mussolini's "gang" used to control Italy | | 14 |
| 13969863413 | Reichstag | German Parliament | | 15 |
| 13969866243 | Nationalism | A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country | | 16 |
| 13969869077 | Appeasement | Accepting demands in order to avoid conflict | | 17 |
| 13969869078 | Manhattan Project | code name for the secret United States project set up in 1942 to develop atomic bombs for use in World War II | | 18 |
| 13969872597 | the holocaust | a large-scale destruction, especially by fire; a vast slaughter; a burnt offering | | 19 |
| 13969874544 | Genocide | Deliberate extermination of a racial or cultural group | | 20 |
| 13969876372 | Marshall Plan | A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952) | | 21 |
| 13969876373 | cold war | A conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union. The nations never directly confronted each other on the battlefield but deadly threats went on for years. | | 22 |
| 13969880336 | Sphere of Influence | A foreign region in which a nation has control over trade and other economic activities. | | 23 |
| 13969882238 | Soviet Bloc | The Soviet Union and the Eastern European countries that installed Communist regimes after World War II and were dominated by the Soviet Union. | | 24 |
| 13969882239 | western bloc | The name for Western Europe, the parts of Europe not controlled by the Soviets. | | 25 |
| 13969883042 | NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) | A 1949 defense alliance initiated by the US, Canada, and 10 Western European nations | | 26 |
| 13969887642 | Iron Curtain | A political barrier that isolated the peoples of Eastern Europe after WWII, restricting their ability to travel outside the region | | 27 |
| 13969887643 | Three Principles of the People | Nationalism, Democracy, and Livelihood | | 28 |
| 13969889365 | Westernization | adoption of western ideas, technology, and culture | | 29 |
| 13969892403 | guerilla warfare tactics | sudden unexpected attacks carried out by an unofficial military group or groups that are trying to change the government by assaults on the armed forces | | 30 |
| 13969892404 | Platt Amendment | Legislation that severely restricted Cuba's sovereignty and gave the US the right to intervene if Cuba got into trouble | | 31 |
| 13969895444 | Good Neighbor Policy | FDR's foreign policy of promoting better relations w/Latin America by using economic influence rater than military force in the region | | 32 |
| 13969897640 | export economy | economy based on exports | | 33 |
| 13969897641 | Glasnost | a policy of the Soviet government allowing freer discussion of social problems | | 34 |
| 13969900824 | Perestroika | A policy initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev that involved restructuring of the social and economic status quo in communist Russia towards a market based economy and society | | 35 |
| 13969903019 | ethnic cleansing | Process in which more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region | | 36 |
| 13969906101 | passive resistance | Nonviolent opposition to authority, especially a refusal to cooperate with legal requirements. | | 37 |
| 13969906102 | NGO | non-governmental organization | | 38 |
| 13969908356 | Apartheid | Laws (no longer in effect) in South Africa that physically separated different races into different geographic areas. | | 39 |
| 13969908357 | Pogrom | An organized massacre of a particular ethnic group. | | 40 |
| 13969910995 | opec | Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries | | 41 |
| 13969910996 | Special Economic Zones | specific area within a country in which tax incentives and less stringent environmental regulations are implemented to attract foreign business and investment | | 42 |
| 13969912957 | Archduke Franz Ferdinand | heir to the Austria-Hungarian throne, was assassinated in Sarajevo, started World War I. | | 43 |
| 13969915350 | Gavrilo Princip | The assassin of Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria, a member of the Black Hand | | 44 |
| 13969917563 | Treaty of Versailles | the treaty imposed on Germany by the Allied powers in 1920 after the end of World War I which demanded exorbitant reparations from the Germans | | 45 |
| 13969919140 | Russian Revolution | The revolution against the Tsarist government which led to the abdication of Nicholas II and the creation of a provisional government in March 1917. | | 46 |
| 13969923331 | Czar Nicholas | (1868-1918) Czar of Russia (1894-1917). He was overthrown during the Russian Revolution of 1917. Later, he and his family were killed by the revolution's leadership. | | 47 |
| 13969925148 | Alexander Kerensky | An agrarian socialist who became prime minister. He refused to confiscate land holdings and felt that continuation of war was most important. | | 48 |
| 13969927373 | Bolshevik Revolution | The overthrow of Russia's Provisional Government in the fall of 1917 by Lenin and his Bolshevik forces, made possible by the government's continuing defeat in the war, its failure to bring political reform, and a further decline in the conditions of everyday life. | | 49 |
| 13969927375 | bolsheviks | A group of revolutionary Russian Marxists who took control of Russia's government in November 1917 | | 50 |
| 13969930199 | Vladimir Lenin | Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the USSR (1870-1924). | | 51 |
| 13969932996 | Treaty of Brest-Litovsk | Treaty in which Russia lost substantial territory to the Germans. This ended Russian participation in the war (1918). | | 52 |
| 13969932998 | Soviet Union | A Communist nation, consisting of Russia and 14 other states, that existed from 1922 to 1991. | | 53 |
| 13969934825 | Leon Trotsky | Russian revolutionary and Communist theorist who helped Lenin and built up the army | | 54 |
| 13969936984 | Ataturk, Mustafa Kemal | Founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey (1881-1938); as military commander and leader of the Turkish national movement, he made Turkey into a secular state. | | 55 |
| 13969936985 | Joseph Stalin | Bolshevik revolutionary, head of the Soviet Communists after 1924, and dictator of the Soviet Union from 1928 to 1953. He led the Soviet Union with an iron fist, using Five-Year Plans to increase industrial production and terror to crush opposition | | 56 |
| 13969938870 | ussr | Union of Soviet Socialist Republics | | 57 |
| 13969942501 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | President of the US during Great Depression and World War II | | 58 |
| 13969942502 | Benito Mussolini | Fascist Dictator of Italy that at first used bullying to gain power, then never had full power. | | 59 |
| 13969943916 | Weimar Republic | German republic founded after the WWI and the downfall of the German Empire's monarchy. | | 60 |
| 13969948493 | National Socialist Party | (Nazi Party) was a far-right, racist political party in Germany between 1920 and 1945. | | 61 |
| 13969948494 | Adolf Hitler | Austrian born Dictator of Germany, implement Fascism and caused WWII and Holocoust. | | 62 |
| 13969951705 | Third Reich | The Third German Empire, established by Adolf Hitler in the 1930s. | | 63 |
| 13969960202 | Francisco Franco | Fascist leader of the Spanish revolution, helped by Hitler and Mussolini | | 64 |
| 13969960203 | Rhineland | A region in Germany designated a demilitarized zone by the Treaty of Versailles; Hitler violated the treaty and sent German troops there in 1936 | | 65 |
| 13969962000 | Munich Conference | 1938 conference at which European leaders attempted to appease Hitler by turning over the Sudetenland to him in exchange for promise that Germany would not expand Germany's territory any further. | | 66 |
| 13969965428 | Neville Chamberlain | Great British prime minister who advocated peace and a policy of appeasement | | 67 |
| 13969969146 | Nazi-Soviet Pact | A secret agreement between the Germans and the Russians that said that they would not attack each other | | 68 |
| 13969974055 | Manchukuo | Japanese puppet state established in Manchuria in 1931 | | 69 |
| 13969976967 | Anti-Comintern Pact | treaty between Germany and Japan promising a common front against communism | | 70 |
| 13969976968 | Winston Churchill | A noted British statesman who led Britain throughout most of World War II and along with Roosevelt planned many allied campaigns. He predicted an iron curtain that would separate Communist Europe from the rest of the West. | | 71 |
| 13969979325 | Battle of Britain | An aerial battle fought in World War II in 1940 between the German Luftwaffe (air force), which carried out extensive bombing in Britain, and the British Royal Air Force, which offered successful resistance. | | 72 |
| 13969983244 | Tripartite Pact | Signed between the Axis powers in 1940 (Italy, Germany and Japan) where they pledged to help the others in the event of an attack by the US | | 73 |
| 13969985036 | Pearl Harbor | Base in hawaii that was bombed by japan on December 7, 1941, which eagered America to enter the war. | | 74 |
| 13969985037 | d day | Allied invasion of France on June 6, 1944 | | 75 |
| 13969987338 | Harry Truman | Became president when FDR died; gave the order to drop the atomic bomb | | 76 |
| 13969987339 | Hiroshima and Nagasaki | Two Japanese cities on which the U.S. dropped the atomic bombs to end World War II. | | 77 |
| 13969989737 | Berlin Blockade | The blockade was a Soviet attempt to starve out the allies in Berlin in order to gain supremacy. The blockade was a high point in the Cold War, and it led to the Berlin Airlift. | | 78 |
| 13969993684 | Berlin Airlift | airlift in 1948 that supplied food and fuel to citizens of west Berlin when the Russians closed off land access to Berlin | | 79 |
| 13969993685 | Yalta and Potsdam | conferences held to discuss the end of WWII and the future of Germany | | 80 |
| 13969999178 | Warsaw Pact | An alliance between the Soviet Union and other Eastern European nations. This was in response to the NATO | | 81 |
| 13969999179 | Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty | An international treaty, signed in 1968, that aims to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons. | | 82 |
| 13970002543 | International Atomic Energy Agency | the United Nations agency concerned with atomic energy | | 83 |
| 13970002544 | Chiang Kai-shek | General and leader of Nationalist China after 1925. Although he succeeded Sun Yat-sen as head of the Guomindang, he became a military dictator whose major goal was to crush the communist movement led by Mao Zedong. | | 84 |
| 13970005784 | Mao Zedong | (1893-1976) Leader of the Communist Party in China that overthrew Jiang Jieshi and the Nationalists. Established China as the People's Republic of China and ruled from 1949 until 1976. | | 85 |
| 13970005785 | People's Republic of China | Communist government of mainland China; proclaimed in 1949 following military success of Mao Zedong over forces of Chiang Kai-shek and the Guomindang. | | 86 |
| 13970007305 | Cultural Revolution | Campaign in China ordered by Mao Zedong to purge the Communist Party of his opponents and instill revolutionary values in the younger generation. | | 87 |
| 13970009093 | Tiananmen Square Massacre | A political and social protest by university students in Beijing, China in 1989. The protest called for political and social reforms and resulted in the government using the military to end it, which caused hundreds of deaths, thousands of injured, and many more imprisoned. | | 88 |
| 13970018402 | Ho Chi Minh | Communist leader of North Vietnam | | 89 |
| 13970020134 | Ngo Dinh Diem | American ally in South Vietnam from 1954 to 1963; his repressive regime caused the Communist Viet Cong to thrive in the South and required increasing American military aid to stop a Communist takeover. he was killed in a coup in 1963. | | 90 |
| 13970021947 | Fidel Castro | Cuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a Marxist socialist state in Cuba (born in 1927) | | 91 |
| 13970024918 | Cuban Revolution | (1958) A political revolution that removed the United States supported Fugencio Batista from power. The revolution was led by Fidel Castro who became the new leader of Cuba as a communist dictator. | | 92 |
| 13970024919 | Bay of Pigs Invasion | failed invasion of Cuba in 1961 when a force of 1,200 Cuban exiles, backed by the United States, landed at the Bay of Pigs. | | 93 |
| 13970027100 | Cuban Missile Crisis | The 1962 confrontation bewteen US and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba. | | 94 |
| 13970027101 | National Action Party (PAN) | Mexican political party that took power in the 2000 presidential election | | 95 |
| 13970029110 | Mikhail Gorbachev | Head of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991. His liberalization effort improved relations with the West, but he lost power after his reforms led to the collapse of Communist governments in eastern Europe. | | 96 |
| 13970031033 | Boris Yeltsin | President of the Russian Republic in 1991. Helped end the USSR and force Gorbachev to resign. | | 97 |
| 13970031034 | Muslim League | an organization formed in 1906 to protect the interests of India's Muslims, which later proposed that India be divided into separate Muslim and Hindu nations | | 98 |
| 13970033154 | Amritsar Massacre | killing by British troops of nearly 400 Indians gathered at Amritsar to protest the Rowlatt Acts | | 99 |
| 13970038775 | Gandhi | while many places were using violence to promote political change, this man famously did not. | | 100 |
| 13970040275 | Muhammad Ali Jinnah | Indian Muslim politician who founded the state of Pakistan. A lawyer by training, he joined the All-India Muslim League in 1913. As leader of the League from the 1920s on, he negotiated with the British/INC for Muslim Political Rights | | 101 |
| 13970040276 | Gamal Nasser | Arab leader, set out to modernize Egypt and end western domination, nationalized the Suez canal, led two wars against the Zionist state, remained a symbol of independence and pride, returned to socialism, nationalized banks and businesses, limited economic policies | | 102 |
| 13970042580 | Tutsi and Hutu | the two groups of combatants in the Rwanda Conflict | | 103 |
| 13970046334 | Nelson Mandela | First black president of South Africa | | 104 |
| 13970049321 | Sharpeville Massacre | March 21, 1960 in Sharpeville, by Johannesburg. PAC led campaign of blacks to surrender themselves for arrest and led to small clashes and then the police firing, killing and wounding many. | | 105 |
| 13970049322 | Zionists | Jews who believed in a country of their own in Palestine | | 106 |
| 13970053993 | Balfour Declaration (1917) | British promise of support for the establishment of Jewish settlement in Palestine. | | 107 |
| 13970055767 | Arab-Israeli War | 1948 conflict between Israel and five neighbors | | 108 |
| 13970057605 | Palestine Liberation Organization | a group formed in the 1960s to regain the Arab land in Israel for Palestinian Arabs | | 109 |
| 13970059576 | yassir arafat | The PLO leader who called for the destruction of Israel | | 110 |
| 13970059577 | Ariel Sharon | former Israeli Prime Minister (mainly responsible, in 2004, for the unilateral withdrawal of Israeli forces from the Gaza Strip and the evacuation of Jewish settlements there. | | 111 |
| 13970062940 | Iranian Revolution | (1978-1979) a revolution against the shah of Iran led by the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, which resulted in Iran becoming an Islamic republic with Khomeini as its leader | | 112 |
| 13970064960 | Ayatollah Khomeini | Shiite religious leader of Iran, led the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran and ordered the invasion of the US Embassy. | | 113 |
| 13970067946 | Iran-Iraq War | The war began when Iraq invaded Iran on September 22 1980 following a long history of border disputes and fears of Shia insurgency among Iraq's long suppressed Shia majority influenced by Iran's Islamic revolution. | | 114 |
| 13970067947 | Persian Gulf War | (1990 - 1991) Conflict between Iraq and a coalition of countries led by the United States to remove Iraqi forces from Kuwait which they had invaded in hopes of controlling their oil supply. A very one sided war with the United States' coalition emerging victorious. | | 115 |
| 13970073136 | Saddam Hussein | Was a dictator in Iraq who tried to take over Iran and Kuwait violently in order to gain the land and the resources. He also refused to let the UN into Iraq in order to check if the country was secretly holding weapons of mass destruction. | | 116 |
| 13970073142 | North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) | Agreement that created a free-trade area among the United States, Canada, and Mexico. | | 117 |
| 13970075366 | Group of Six | Created in 1975 as a forum for countries that are highly industrialized democracies; included the U.S., Great Britain, Italy, Japan, Poland, and West Germany. The amount of members continuously change throughout the years but it had fixed amount of members at 20; this group represents key industrialized and developing economies | | 118 |
| 13970077194 | west bank | an area between Israel and Jordan on the west bank of the Jordan river | | 119 |
| 13970080544 | September 11, 2001 | Terrorist attacks on World Trade Center and pentagon | | 120 |
| 13970080545 | European Union | An international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members. | | 121 |
