| 10545592154 | Metalworking | craft and practice of working with metals to create parts or structures. It requires skill and the use of many different types of tools | | 0 |
| 10567480011 | Prehistory vs. History | Prehistory- before wri | | 1 |
| 10545601772 | Ethnocentrism | Belief in the superiority of one's nation or ethnic group. | | 2 |
| 10545603113 | Foraging | searching for food | | 3 |
| 10545604720 | Sedentary agriculture | Farming system in which the farmer remains settled in one place | | 4 |
| 10545607031 | Shifting cultivation | A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period. | | 5 |
| 10545611003 | Slash-and-burn agriculture | Another name for shifting cultivation, so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris. | | 6 |
| 10545614258 | Matrilineal | relating to a social system in which family descent and inheritance rights are traced through the mother | | 7 |
| 10545624188 | Cultural diffusion | The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one people to another | | 8 |
| 10545625884 | Specialization of labor | Focusing work effort on a particular product or a single task | | 9 |
| 10545630251 | Gender division of labor | the allocation of work between men and women in society | | 10 |
| 10545632397 | Metallurgy and metalworking | the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements and their mixtures, which are called alloys. craft and practice of working with metals to create parts or structures | | 11 |
| 10545634186 | Fertile crescent | A geographical area of fertile land in the Middle East stretching in a broad semicircle from the Nile to the Tigris and Euphrates | | 12 |
| 10545635887 | Giglamesh | a legendary Sumerian king (part god), the hero of Sumerian and Babylonian epics | | 13 |
| 10545640602 | Hammurabi's Code of Law | first written code of law
282 laws set up by Hammurabi, a king of Babylon, one law of which explains how to settle a dispute over an accusation. | | 14 |
| 10545645413 | Egyptian book of the dead | common name for the ancient Egyptian funerary texts. Constituted a collection of spells, charms, passwords, numbers and magical formulas for use by the deceased in the afterlife, describing many of the basic tenets of Egyptian mythology. They were intended to guide the dead through the various trials that they would encounter before reaching the underworld. Knowledge of the appropriate spells was considered essential to achieving happiness after death. | | 15 |
| 10545648258 | Pyramids | Huge stone tombs with four triangle-shaped walls that met in a point on top | | 16 |
| 10545650429 | Hieroglyphics | An ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds | | 17 |
| 10545652435 | Cave paintings | paintings on cave walls and ceilings, especially those dating from prehistoric times | | 18 |
| 10545654473 | Textile production | first area to undergo major industrialization | | 19 |
| 10545655758 | Stone age | The historical period characterized by the production of tools from stone and other nonmetallic substances. It was followed in some places by the Bronze Age | | 20 |
| 10545662977 | Sumer | The world's first civilization, founded in Mesopotamia, which existed for over 3,000 years. | | 21 |
| 10545665677 | Sumerian city-states | Uruk, Kish, Lagash, Umma, and Ur | | 22 |
| 10545667597 | Sargon of Akkad | (2370-2315 BCE) He is the creator of empire in Mesopotamia. | | 23 |
| 10545669706 | Hammurabi | Babylonian king who codified the laws of Sumer and Mesopotamia (died 1750 BC) | | 24 |
| 10545674822 | Catal Huyuk | One of first true cities in history, created in the Neolithic Era in 6500 to 5500 BC, from which were created agriculture, trading, temples, housing, and religions | | 25 |
| 10545679931 | Jericho | oldest Neolithic community in the West Bank between Israel and Jordan | | 26 |
| 10545683660 | Assyrian Empire | ancient Mesopotamian empire | | 27 |
| 10545688785 | Nebuchadnezzar | the most famous Chaldean king, rebuilt Babylon into a beautiful city | | 28 |
| 10545693935 | Aten and Monotheisim | | | 29 |
| 10545695451 | Mummification | the preservation of dead bodies by embalming them and wrapping them in cloth | | 30 |
| 10545700225 | Cult of Osiris | A religious following that promised salvation to those who led honorable lives | | 31 |
| 10545704189 | Bantu migration | The movement of the Bantu peoples southward throughout Africa, spreading their language and culture, from around 500 b.c. to around A.D 1000 | | 32 |
| 10545707666 | Ramses II | Pharaoh and great builder of Egypt | | 33 |
| 10545708706 | Pangea | A supercontinent containing all of Earth's land that existed about 225 million years ago. | | 34 |
| 10545711440 | Nile river | The river in which early kingdoms in Egypt were centered around. | | 35 |
| 10545713166 | Indus river | A river in South Asia that flows from the Himalayas to the Arabian Sea. | | 36 |
| 10545714496 | Resource consumption | The use of a resource already owned. | | 37 |
| 10545720090 | Resource extraction | Taking resources out of a country | | 38 |
| 10545723366 | Pollution | Release of harmful materials into the environment | | 39 |
| 10545725537 | Babylonians | an inhabitant of Babylon or Babylonia. | | 40 |
| 10545808351 | Assyrians | first large army to use iron weapons
an inhabitant of ancient Assyria | | 41 |
| 10545814746 | Gender inequality | the inequality between men and women in terms of wealth, income, and status | | 42 |
| 10545818598 | Herding societies | Groups that domesticated animals | | 43 |
| 10545824734 | Bronze age | the period in ancient human culture when people began to make and use bronze | | 44 |
| 10545826004 | Wheel | a Mesopotamian invention that was created at around 3500 BCE and was used to make wheeled carts | | 45 |
| 10545831239 | Pottery | ceramic pots and ware earthenware, and stoneware invented and used during the Neolithic Age. | | 46 |
| 10545835977 | Cuneiform | A form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a wedge shaped stylus and clay tablets. | | 47 |
| 10545838702 | Sumerians | The people who dominated southern Mesopotamia through the end of the third millennium B.C.E. They were responsible for the creations -such as irrigation technology, cuneiform, and religious conceptions. | | 48 |
| 10545848311 | Ziggurats | temples built by Sumerians to honor the gods and goddesses they worshipped | | 49 |
| 10545854268 | Base-60 number system | Mesopotamian mathematical system still used today to tell time and describe months of the year | | 50 |
| 10545856409 | Papyrus | A long-lasting, paper-like material made from reeds | | 51 |
| 10545863350 | 365-day calendar | Invented by Egyptians to predict flooding | | 52 |
| 10545867656 | Iron Metallurgy | Mesopotamians manufactured effective iron and bronze tools and weapons by 1000 B.C.E.
Craftsmen added carbon to iron to increase strength and produce harder and sharper edges.
Iron metallurgy spread from Mesopotamia to other regions (ex. of cultural diffusion).
Assyrians used iron tools to conquer Mesopotamia. | | 53 |
| 10545888159 | Shipbuilding | the construction of ships | | 54 |
| 10545895697 | Trade networks | a system of people in different lands who trade goods | | 55 |
| 10545905897 | Mesopotamia's astronomy and math | | | 56 |
| 10545910354 | Mesopotamia education | | | 57 |
| 10545912661 | Early hebrews | nomads who inhabited land between Mesopotamia and egypt | | 58 |
| 10545914552 | Moses | Led the Exodus of the Hebrews from Egypt; received the 10 commandments | | 59 |
| 10545917318 | Monotheism | Belief in one God | | 60 |
| 10545918868 | Phoenicians | located on eastern Mediterranean coast; invented the alphabet which used sounds rather than symbols like cuneiform | | 61 |
| 10545922820 | Alphabetic writing | The Phoenicians developed a 22 character based system that made written communication much easier compared with cuneiform writing | | 62 |
| 10545928762 | Indo-European Languages | a family of several hundred related languages and dialects | | 63 |
| 10545930742 | Horses | Animal introduced by Europeans that transformed the Indian way of life on the Great Plains | | 64 |
| 10545940287 | Sudan | largest country in Africa | | 65 |
| 10545951569 | Climate change | a change in global or regional climate patterns | | 66 |
| 10545959916 | Nile river agriculture | | | 67 |
| 10545961464 | Old kingdoms | a period in Egyptian history that lasted from about 2700 BC to 2200 BC | | 68 |
| 10545964208 | Nubia | A civilization to the south of Egypt in the Nile Valley, noted for development of an alphabetic writing system and a major iron working industry by 500 BCE | | 69 |
| 10545966621 | Kush Kingdom | an ancient Nubian kingdom in northern Sudan | | 70 |
| 10545970900 | Middle kingdom | a period of order and stability that lasted until about 1750 BC | | 71 |
| 10545973514 | Hyskos | A group of non-Egyptians who came to power in Egypt between 1650 and 1500 BC. | | 72 |
| 10545976125 | Egyptian chariots | | | 73 |
| 10545978625 | New kingdom | the period during which Egypt reached the height of its power and glory | | 74 |
| 10545979886 | Mesopotamia social classes | Pharoah, nobles-priests, commoners, servants and slaves | | 75 |
| 10545987659 | Revived kingdom of kush | After expelling the Hyhsos, Egyptians sought to prevent new invasions by seizing control of regions that pose threats in the future | | 76 |
| 10545990575 | Egyptian social classes | was like a pyramid : from top to bottom: Pharoah ;priests and nobles;middle class merchants and skilled workers; peasants at the bottom | | 77 |
| 10545999582 | Egypt's Metallurgy | | | 78 |
| 10546002219 | Egypt's modes of transportation | | | 79 |
| 10546004403 | Meroitic writing | was a Nubian script that borrowed Egyptian hieroglyphs. | | 80 |
| 10546006751 | Amon and Re | Egyptian sun god | | 81 |
| 10546010038 | The bantu | The people who spread throughout Africa spreading agriculture, language, and iron. | | 82 |
