AP Language Terminology Flashcards
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| 7201816151 | Alliteration | repetition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of consecutive words or syllables |  | 0 |
| 7201817019 | Allusion | an indirect reference, often to another text or an historic event |  | 1 |
| 7201817562 | Analogy | an extended comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things |  | 2 |
| 7201819133 | Anaphora | repetition of words at the begging of successive clauses |  | 3 |
| 7201819555 | Anecdote | a short account of an interesting event |  | 4 |
| 7201823314 | Annotation | explanatory or critical noted added to a text |  | 5 |
| 7201823969 | Antecedent | the noun to which a later pronoun refers |  | 6 |
| 7201825109 | Antimetabole | the repetition of words in an inverted order to sharpen a contrast |  | 7 |
| 7201826046 | Antithesis | parallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas |  | 8 |
| 7201828161 | Aphorism | a short, astute statement of a general truth |  | 9 |
| 7201828788 | Appositive | a word or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun |  | 10 |
| 7201829199 | Archaic Diction | the use of words common to an earlier time period; antiquated language |  | 11 |
| 7201830090 | Argument | a statement put forth and supported by evidence |  | 12 |
| 7201830653 | Aristotelian Triangle | a diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience |  | 13 |
| 7201832594 | Assertion | an emphatic statement; declaration (assertion supported by evidence becomes an argument) |  | 14 |
| 7201834786 | Assumption | a belief or statement taken for granted without proof | 15 | |
| 7201836028 | Asyndeton | leaving out conjunctions between words, phrases, clauses |  | 16 |
| 7201836693 | Attitude | the speaker's position on a subject as revealed through his or her tone |  | 17 |
| 7201837462 | Audience | one's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed |  | 18 |
| 7201838636 | Authority | a reliable, respected source- someone of knowledge |  | 19 |
| 7201839052 | Bias | prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue |  | 20 |
| 7201839587 | Cite | identifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source |  | 21 |
| 7201840239 | Claim | an assertion, usually supported by evidence |  | 22 |
| 7201845029 | Close Reading | a careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sentence structure, vocabulary, and other literary and structural elements of a text |  | 23 |
| 7201847690 | Colloquialism | an informal or conversational use of language |  | 24 |
| 7201848040 | Common Ground | shared beliefs, values, or positions | 25 | |
| 7201848576 | Complex Sentence | a sentence that includes one independent clause and at least one dependent clause |  | 26 |
| 7201849298 | Concession | a reluctant acknowledgement or yielding | 27 | |
| 7201850445 | Connotation | that which is implied by a word, as opposed to the word's literal meaning |  | 28 |
| 7201850940 | Context | words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning |  | 29 |
| 7201852880 | Coordination | grammatical equivalence between parts of a sentence, often through a coordinating conjunction such as and, or but | 30 | |
| 7201854130 | Counterargument | aa challenge to a position; an opposing argument | 31 | |
| 7201855950 | Cumulative sentence | an independent clause followed by subordinate clauses or phrases that supply additional detail |  | 32 |
| 7201862493 | Declarative Sentence | a sentence that makes a statement |  | 33 |
| 7201863342 | Deduction | reasoning from general to specific |  | 34 |
| 7201885958 | Denotation | the literal meaning of a word, its dictionary definition |  | 35 |
| 7201888060 | Diction | word choice |  | 36 |
| 7201889046 | Documentation | bibliographic information about the sources used in a piece of writing |  | 37 |
| 7201890481 | Elegiac | mournful over what has passed or been lost; often used to describe tone |  | 38 |
| 7201893393 | Epigram | a brief witty statement |  | 39 |
| 7201894410 | Ethos | a Greek term referring to the character of a person; one of Aristotle's 3 rhetorical appeals |  | 40 |
| 7201897201 | Figurative Language | the use of tropes or figures of speech; going beyond literal meaning to achieve literary effect |  | 41 |
| 7201898499 | Figure of Speech | an expression that strive from literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning | | 42 |
| 7201899830 | Hyperbole | exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis |  | 43 |
| 7201901800 | Imagery | vivid use of language that evokes a reader's senses (sight, smell, taste, touch, hearing) |  | 44 |
| 7201902854 | Imperative Sentence | a sentence that requests or commands |  | 45 |
| 7201904020 | Induction | reasoning from specific to general | | 46 |
| 7201905146 | Inversion | a sentence in which the verb precedes the subject Ex: a. Fred will stay. b. Will Fred stat? | 47 | |
| 7201911438 | Irony | a contradiction between what is said and what is meant; incongruity between action and result |  | 48 |
| 7201913254 | Juxtaposition | placement of two things side by side for emphasis |  | 49 |
| 7201919851 | Logos | a greek term that means "word"; an appeal to logic; one of Aristotle's 3 rhetorical appeals |  | 50 |
| 7201922706 | Metaphor | comparing two things without using "like or as" |  | 51 |
| 7201926649 | Metonymy | use of an aspect of something to represent the whole Ex: The pen is mightier than the sword | 52 | |
| 7201931254 | Paradox | a statement that seems contradictory but is actually true |  | 53 |
| 7201941473 | Parallelism | the repetition of similar grammatical or syntactical patterns Ex: In Martin Luther King Jr. speech, he repeated "I Have A Dream" multiple times | 54 | |
| 7201947936 | Parody | a piece that imitates and exaggerates the prominent features of another; used for comic effect or ridicule |  | 55 |
| 7201952578 | Pathos | a greek term that refers to suffering but has to come to be associated with broader appeals to emotion; one of Aristotle's 3 rhetorical appeals |  | 56 |
| 7201956921 | Persona | the speaker, voice, or character assumed by the author of a piece of writing Ex: A young actor wants everyone to think he is a "bad boy," so e works-through speech and actions to create a public persona- wearing black clothing, sun glasses at all times, using profanity profanity, dating multiple girls. | 57 | |
| 7201979063 | Personification | assuming lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects |  | 58 |
| 7201979606 | Polemic | an argument against an idea, usually regarding philosophy, politics, or religion | 59 | |
| 7201982797 | Polysyndeton | the deliberate use of a series of conjunctions |  | 60 |
| 7201983291 | Premise | major premise- All mammals are warm-blooded minor premise- All horses are mammals conclusion: All horses are warm-blooded | 61 | |
| 7201985988 | Propaganda | a negative term for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present information |  | 62 |
| 7201987617 | Purpose | one's intention or objective in a speech or piece of writing | | 63 |
| 7201992064 | Refute | to discredit an argument, particularly a counterargument | 64 | |
| 7201994598 | Rhetoric | the study of effective, persuasive language use; according to Aristotle, use of the "available means of persuasion." |  | 65 |
| 7201996278 | Rhetorical Modes | pattern of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose; modes include but are not limited to narration, description, comparison and contrast, cause and effect, definition, exemplification, classification and division, process analysis, and argumentation | 66 | |
| 7201998754 | Rhetorical Question | a question asked more to produce an effect than to summon answer |  | 67 |
| 7202002644 | Rhetorical Triangle | a diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience | | 68 |
| 7202019090 | Satire | an ironic, sarcastic, or witty composition that claims to argue for something, but actually argues against it | 69 | |
| 7202023498 | Scheme | a pattern of words of sentence construction used for rhetorical effect |  | 70 |
| 7202025004 | Sentence Patterns | the arrangement of independent and dependent clauses into known sentence constructions-such as simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex |  | 71 |
| 7202029683 | Sentence Variety | using a variety of sentence patterns to create a desired effect | 72 | |
| 7202032319 | Simile | a comparison of two things using "like or as" | 73 | |
| 7202032706 | Simple Sentence | a statement containing a subject and predicate; an independent clause |  | 74 |
| 7202035618 | Source | a book, article, person, or other resource consulted for information | 75 | |
| 7202037629 | Speaker | a term used for the author, speaker, or the person whose perspective (real or imagined) is being advanced in a speech or piece of writing | 76 | |
| 7202039702 | Straw Man | a logical fallacy that involves the creation of an easily refutable position; misrepresenting, then attacking opponent's position |  | 77 |
| 7202042422 | Style | the distinctive quality of speech of writing created by the selection and arrangement of words and figures of speech | 78 | |
| 7202043709 | Subject | in rhetoric, the topic addressed in a piece of writing | 79 | |
| 7202045073 | Subordinate Clause | created by a subordinating conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause |  | 80 |
| 7202051674 | Subordination | the dependence of one syntactical element on another in a sentence |  | 81 |
| 7202053316 | Syllogism | a form of deductive reasoning in which the conclusion is supported by a major and minor premise |  | 82 |
| 7202054864 | Syntax | sentence structure |  | 83 |
| 7202055551 | Synthesize | combining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex |  | 84 |
| 7202059541 | Thesis | the central idea in a work to which all parts of the work refer | 85 | |
| 7202060008 | Thesis Statement | a statement of the central idea in a work, may be explicit or implicit | 86 | |
| 7202060617 | Tone | the speaker's attitude toward the subject or audience | 87 | |
| 7202061600 | Topic Sentence | a sentence, most often appearing at the beginning of a paragraph, that announces the paragraph' idea and often unites it with the works thesis | 88 | |
| 7202062644 | Trope | artiful diction; the use of language in a nonliteral way; also called a figure of speech | 89 | |
| 7202067730 | Understatement | lack of emphasis in a statement or point, restraint in language often used for ironic effect | 90 | |
| 7202069769 | Voice | in grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun (active or passive voice) | 91 | |
| 7202072319 | Zeugma | a construction in which one word (usually a verb) modifies or governs- often in different, sometimes incongruent' ways, two or more words in a sentence |  | 92 |
