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AP Language vocab set 3 Flashcards

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6036039467analogousadj. - corresponding to something in particular0
6036039468banaladj. - devoid of freshness or originality; hackneyed and trite1
6036041677bombasticadj. - high sounding, inflated; pretentious (of speech/writing)2
6036041678capaciousadj. -spacious or roomy3
6036043951capriciousadj. - erratic; unpredictable; constantly changing4
6036049447copiousadj. - large in quantity or number; abundant or plentiful5
6036049448deprecatev. - to express disapproval6
6036051551diatriben. - a bitter, sharply abusive attack or criticism7
6036053257esprit de corpsn. - a sense of unity and common interests developed among a group of people closely associated in a task8
6036055202euphemismn. - - the substitution of a mild, indirect, or vague expression for one that is too harsh or blunt9
6036055203fermentn. - agitation; unrest; excitement; commotion; tumult10
6036067883impressionableadj. - easily impressed or influenced; susceptible11
6036072353largessen. - a generous bestowal of gifts12
6036072354leaven1) n. - an element that produces an alerting or transforming influence 2) v. - to permeate with an altering or transforming element13
6036083269neophyten. - a beginner or novice14
6036083270noisomeadj. - 1) having an offensive odor 2) harmful or injurious to the health15
6036086150perfidiousadj. - deliberately faithless; deceitful; treacherous16
6036086151perfunctoryadj. - performed as a routine duty; hasty and superficial17
6036088806scurrilousadj. - grossly and obscenely abusive18
6036088807unsolicitedadj. - given or supplied without being requested or asked for19

AP Language - List 1 Flashcards

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7588047707AbstractAbbreviated synopsis of a longer work of scholarship or research.0
7588050877Ad hominemDirected to or appealing to feelings or prejudices instead of to intellect or reason.1
7588050878Adage, Aphorism, MaximA saying or proverb containing a generally accepted truth or sentiment.2
7588053792AllegoryA story in which a second meaning is to be read beneath the surface.3
7588056704AlliterationRepetition of one or more initial consonants in a group of words or lines in a poem.4
7588056705AllusionReference to a person, place, event, meant to create an effect or enhance meaning.5
7588056706AmbiguityA vagueness of meaning: conscious lack of clarity to evoke multiple meanings or interpretations.6
7588059595AnachronismPerson, scene, or event that falls to correspond with appropriate time era.7
7588059596AssonanceRepetition of two or more vowel sounds in a group of words in prose or poetry.8
7588059597BardA poet.9
7588059598BathosInsincere or overdone sentimentally.10
7588062915Belles-LettresA French term for the world of books, criticism, and literature in general.11
7588062916BombastInflated, pretentious language.12
7588066340BurlesqueA work of literature meant to ridicule a subject; a grotesque imitation.13
7588066341CacophonyGrating, inharmonious sounds.14
7588066342CononThe words considered important in a national literature or period.15
7588069347CaricatureA grotesque likeness of strikings qualities in persons and things.16
7588069348Carpe DiemSeize the day - a common theme.17
7588072892CircumlocutionLiterally "talking" around a subject.18
7588072893AnalogyComparison that points out similarities between two dissimilar things.19
7588081225AnecdoteBrief narrative often used to illustrate an idea or make a point.20
7588081226AnnotationA brief explanation, summary, or evaluation of a text or work of literature.21
7588083537AntagonistCharacter or force in a work of literature that, by opposing the protagonist, produces tension or conflict.22
7588083538AntecedentA word to which a pronoun refers - Must agree in person and number.23
7588083539AntithesisRhetorical opposition or contrast of ideas by means of grammatical arrangement or words, clauses, or sentences.24
7588088254ApollonianIn contrast to Dionysian, refers to most noble, godlike qualities of human nature and behavior.25
7588088255ApostropheA locution that addresses a person or personified thing not present.26
7588091270ArchCharacterized by clever or sly humor, often saucy, playful.27
7588093681ArchetypeAn abstract or ideal conception of a type; a model or form.28

AP Language SAT vocabulary words Flashcards

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8736966758paradoxan apparent contradiction that is in some sense true0
8736969131paragona model of perfection1
8736971485parsimonystinginess2
8736972272paucityscarcity, lack3
8736972737quiescenceinactivity4
8736973551quotidiandaily, commonplace5
8736974652raconteurstory teller6
8736974654raptdeeply absorbed7
8736975638razeto demolish8
8736976087sacrosanctbeyond criticism9

AP Language and Composition Glossary Rhetorical Devices Group #3 (Version 2C) Flashcards

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7801665326occasionThis is the time and place a speech is given or a piece is written0
7801665327onomatopoeiaThis is the use of words that refer to sounds and whose pronunciations mimic those sounds. For example: "That echoed to many a parting groan...And all is hushed at Shiloh. " Herman Melville1
7801665328oxymoronFrom the Greek for "pointedly foolish," this is a figure of speech in which the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. For example: This is a peaceful revolution... " John F. Kennedy2
7801665329paradoxThis is a statement or situation that is seemingly contradictory on the surface but delivers an ironic truth3
7801665330parallelism (or parallel structure)This is the similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases or clauses. For example: "Let both sides explore... Let both sides for the first time formulate serious and precise proposals... Let both sides seek to invoke... " John F. Kennedy*4
7801665331parenthetical ideaThis is a situation when parentheses are used to set off an idea from the rest of the sentence. It is like an aside, and should be used for an effect. not repeatedly. For example: "In a short time (and the time is getting shorter by the gallon) America will be out foil5
7801665332parodyThis is a work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. As comedy, parody distorts distinctive features of the original. As ridicule, it mimics the work by repeating and borrowing words, phrases, or characteristics in order to illuminate weaknesses in the original6
7801665333passive voiceA sentence employs passive voice when the subject doesn't act but is acted upon7
7801665334pathosThis is Greek for "suffering" Speakers and writers appeal to pathos to emotionally motivate their audiences. More specific appeals to pathos might play on the audience's values, desires, and hopes - or fears and prejudices8
7801665335periodic sentenceThe *opposite of a loose sentence*, this is a sentence in which the main clause is withheld until the end. For examples "To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments9
7801665336personificationThis is the attribution of a lifelike quality to an inanimate object or an idea10
7801665337polemicGreek for "hostile," this is an aggressive argument that tries to establish the superiority of one opinion over all others, a polemic generally does not concede that opposing opinions have any Merit11
7801665338polysyndetonThis is the deliberate use of multiple conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses or words. For example: I paid for my plane ticket and the taxes and the fees and the charge for the checked bag and five dollars for a bottle of water.*12
7801665339point of viewIn literature, this is the perspective from which a work is told, including first-person ("I"), second person ("you"), and third person ("he" or "she"). In addition be aware that when you are asked to analyze an author's point-of-view, you should address the author's attitude13
7801665340post hoc ergo propter hocThis fallacy is Latin for "after which therefore because of which, " meaning that it is incorrect to always claim that something is a cause just because it happened earlier For example: We elected Johnson as president and look where it got us: hurricanes, floods, stock market crashes14
7801665341propagandaThis is the spread of ideas and information to further a cause. In its negative sense, propaganda is the use of rumors, lies, disinformation, and scare tactics in order to damage or promote a cause15
7801665342punThis is a play on words that derives its humor from the replacement of one word with another that has a similar pronunciation or spelling but a different meaning16
7801665343purposeThis is the goal the speaker or writer wants to achieve17
7801665344rhetorical question (erotesis)This is a question that is used for effect, emphasis, or provocation18
7801665345rhetorical modes (or four "modes of discourse")The purpose of *exposition* (or expository writing) is to explain and analyze information by presenting an idea, relevant evidence, and discussion. The purpose of *argumentation* is to prove the validity of a point through sound reasoning and discussion. The purpose of *description* is to recreate, invent, or visually present a person, place, event or action. The purpose of *narration* is to tell a story or narrate a series of events19
7801665346satireThis is a work that targets human voices and follies or social institutions and conventions. Whether or not the work aims to reform human behavior. satire is best seen as a style of writing not a purpose for writing. It can be recognized by the many devices used effectively by a satirist: *irony, wit, parody, caricature, hyperbole understatement, and sarcasm.* Good satire is thought provoking and insightful about the human condition20
7801665347semanticsThis is the branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another.21
7801665348subordinate clause (or dependent clause)Like all c1au.ses, this word group contains both a subject and a verb, but unlike an independent clause, it cannot stand alone and does not express a complete thought22
7801665349syllogismFrom the Greek for "reckoning together, " o syllogism is a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises (the first one called "major" and the second called "minor") that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion For example major premise: All men are Mortal minor premise: Socrates is a man conclusion: Therefore, Socrates is a mortal. A syllogism's conclusion is valid only if each of the two premises is valid. Syllogisms may also present the specific idea first (Socrates) and the general second (all men)23
7801665350symbolThis is a setting, an object, or an event in a story that carries more than literal meaning and therefore represents something significant to understanding the meaning of a work of literature24
7801665351synecdocheThis is a figure of speech that uses a part to represent the whole, or occasionally, the whole to represent a part, For example, a "sail" represents a boat or wheels" represent a car. (*Do not confuse this with Metonymy*, in which one thing is represented by another thing that is commonly physically associated with it (but not necessarily a part of it), such as referring to a monarch as "the crown" or the President as The White House.")25
7801665352synesthesiaThis occurs when one land of sensory stimulus evokes the subjective experience of another (for example, the *sight* of red ants makes you *itchy*). In literature, this refers to the practice of associating two or more different senses in the same image, such as the Red Hot Chili Peppers' song titled "Taste the Pain".26
7801665353syntaxThis is the arrangement of words into phrases, clauses and sentences. This includes word order, the length and structure of sentences, and such devices as *parallelism, juxtaposition, antithesis, and antimetabole.*27
7801665354toneTone is a Speaker's attitude toward his subject and audience, and it is created through the deliberate use of language. A Writer will manipulate all the devices of language to create tone, such as figurative language, imagery, diction, and syntax.28
7801665355tropeFrom the Greek word for "turning," this is "artful diction" or a figure of speech such as *metaphor, simile, hyperbole, metonymy or synecdoche.*29
7801665356understatementThis is a figure of speech in which something is presented as less important, dire, urgent, or good than it actually is, often for satirical or comical effect Also called litotes, it is the opposite of hyperbole. For example: "The night in prison was novel and interesting enough. " Henry David Thoreau30
7801665357vernacularThis is the language or dialect of a particular country, region, or group. It can also refer to everyday speech.31
7801665358witIn rhetoric, this is the use of laughter, humor, irony or satire in the confirmation or refutation of an argument.32
7801665359zuegma (syllepsis)This is the use of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous meanings. For example: "Now the trumpet summons us again -- not as o call to bear arms, though arms we need ....not as a call to battle, though embattled we are - but a call to bear the burden. " John F Kennedy33
7839707380personaThis is Greek for "mask." It is the face or character that a speaker shows to his or her audience34

AP English Language and Composition Flashcards

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9895441721AllegoryThe device of using character and/or story elements symbolically.0
9895441722AntecedentWord, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun.1
9895441723AntithesisOpposition or contrast of ideas through parallelism.2
9895441724AphorismEarly to bed and early to rise help make a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. -Ben Franklin3
9895441725Apostrophe"Oh, Captain, my Captain, our fearful trip is done..."4
9895441726Colloquial/ColloquialismThe use of slang or informalities in speech or writing.5
9895441727ConceitA fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor.6
9895441728Euphemismcorrectional facility = jail between jobs = unemployed7
9895441729HomilyThis term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice.8
9895441730InvectiveAn emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language.9
9895441731Metonymya figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it.10
9895441732AnaphoraThe exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences.11
9895441733PedanticAn adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish12
9895441734Proseone of the major divisions of genre, prose refers to fiction and nonfiction, including all its forms.13
9895441735SemanticsThe branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words.14
9895441736SyllogismA deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion.15
9895441737SynecdocheA figure of speech in which a part of something is used to represent the whole.16
9895441738SynesthesiaWhen one kind of sensory stimulus evokes the subjective experience of another.17
9895441739ApologiaA written or spoken defense of one's beliefs and actions.18
9895441740EpigramA brief witty statement.19
9895441741DigressionThe use of material unrelated to the subject of a work.20
9895441742EllipsisThe omission of a word or several words.21
9895441743Ad HominemAttacking a speaker's character instead of to their argument.22
9895441744AnachronismA person, scene, event or other element that fails to correspond with the appropriate time or era.23
9895441745DidacticHaving an instructive purpose; intending to convey information to teach a lesson usually in a dry, pompous manner.24
9895441746FallacyAn incorrect belief or supposition based on faulty data, defective evidence, or false information.25
9895441747HubrisExcessive pride that often brings about one's fall.26
9895441748AlliterationRepetition of consonant sounds, usually at the beginnings of words27
9895441749LitotesA form of understatement in which the negative of the contrary is used to achieve emphasis or intensity.28
9895441750ParadoxA statement or idea that seems contradictory but is in fact true.29
9895441751Non SequiturA statement or idea that fails to follow logically from the one before.30
9895441752AnecdoteA short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person.31
9895441753JargonSpecial words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group.32
9895441754TaciturnNot talking much, reserved; silent, holding back in conversation.33
9895441755DogmaticInclined to lay down principles as incontrovertibly true.34
9895441756PerniciousHaving a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way.35
9895441757BellicoseDemonstrating aggression and willingness to fight.36
9895441758VoraciousCraving or consuming large quantities of food.37
9895441759ZealousHaving or showing zeal.38
9895441760TacitUnderstood or implied without being stated.39
9895441761InnuendoAn allusive or oblique remark or hint, typically a suggestive or disparaging one.40
9895441762LackadaisicalDisplaying or having a disinclination for physical exertion or effort; slow and relaxed.41
9895441763ConsecrateMake or declare (something, typically a church) sacred; dedicate formally to a religious or divine purpose.42
9895441764ChiasmusA type of parallelism in which elements are reversed. "Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country."43
9895441765Loose SentenceA sentence in which the subject and verb come at the front of the sentence.44
9895441766PetulantChildishly sulky or bad-tempered.45
9895441767Periodic SentenceA sentence in which the subject and verb come toward the end of the sentence.46
9895441768ExhortStrongly encourage or urge someone to do something.47
9895441769CloisteredKept away from the outside world; sheltered.48
9895441770SarcasmCaustic, bitter language--iterally means "to tear the flesh."49
9895441771Independent ClauseA complete sentence.50
9895441772Dependent ClauseIncludes a subordinate conjunction, such as because, while, etc.51
9895441773AllusionA reference to something (e.g., a book, a movie, an historical event) that is presumed to be well known to the audience.52
9895441774SatireA work that pokes fun human vices and follies in order to call attention to a larger problem.53
9895441775ParodyA work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.54
9895441776Coup de GraceThe "death blow"--the culminating event in a bad situation.55
9895441777Coup d'EtatLiterally "blow to the state"--a violent overthrow.56
9895441778Faux PasA social misstep or inappropriate action.57
9895441779Laissez-FaireLiterally "allow to do"--letting things run their natural course; hands off.58
9895441780En MasseIn a body as a whole; as a group.59
9895441781ProprietaryCharacteristic of an owner of property; constituting property.60
9895441782ProprietyThe quality of behaving in a proper manner; obeying rules and customs.61
9895441783ImminentAbout to happen.62
9895441784EminentFamous, outstanding, distinguished.63
9895441785EgoAccording to Freud, the decision-making component of personality that operates according to the reality principle.64
9895441786SuperegoAccording to Freud, that facet of the psyche that represents the internalized ideals and values of one's parents and society65
9895441787IdLiterally the "It"--our base impulses, driven by selfishness and greed, for example.66
9895441788HamartiaA character's error in judgment that contributes to one's downfall.67
9895441789OrwellianThe manipulation of language and ideas to control and obstruct the truth.68
9895441790AutonomosIndependent, self-governing, not under the control of something or someone else.69

AP Language Review Terms Flashcards

These terms are used on the AP English Language Exam.

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6758241653abstractADJ. theoretical; not concrete; non-representational.0
6758241654affectationputting on airs; pretending to feelings or knowledge one does not have; not genuine or authentic, pretension1
6758241655allegoryA story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside the tale itself.2
6758241656allusion/allusivean implied or indirect reference through a name or a quotation familiar to most educated people3
6758241657ambivalentHaving mixed or opposing feelings at the same time4
6758241658analogy/extended metaphorA comparison of two different things that are similar in some way5
6758241659anecdoteA brief narrative that focuses on a particular incident or event.6
6758241660antithesisBalancing words, phrases, or ideas that are strongly contrasted, often by means of grammatical structure7
6758241661appeal to authorityAppeals to an authority to support a position, idea, argument, or course of action8
6758241662appeal to emotion/pathosAppeal to emotion9
6758241663acerbicBiting, bitter in tone or taste10
6758241664cadenceRhythmic rise and fall11
6758241665capriciousChanging suddenly, fickle (Her ______ moods are difficult to anticipate. )12
6758241666circumlocutionA roundabout or indirect way of speaking; the use of more words than necessary to express an idea.13
6758241667colloquialCharacteristic of writing that seeks the effect of informal spoken language as distinct from formal or literary English.14
6758241668conciliatoryOVERCOMING DISTRUST OR HOSTILITY15
6758241669concrete dictionwords that refer to things, as opposed to abstract words that refer to ideas and feelings16
6758241670condescending(adj) possessing an attitude of superiority, patronizing17
6758241671conditions of rebuttal(v.) to offer arguments or evidence that contradicts an assertion; to refute, in the Toulmin scheme, the anticipation and addressing of counter-arguments18
6758241672dialectA regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation.19
6758241673dictionword choice20
6758241674effusivegushing; excessively demonstrative21
6758241675euphemismA mild, indirect, or vague term substituting for a harsh, blunt, or offensive term22
6758241676familiar styleconversational or colloquial tone23
6758241677formal stylethe language used in public speech, such as lectures, sermons, writing, and political addresses24
6758241678idiomAn expression that cannot be understood if taken literally (ex- "Get your head out of the clouds")., A common expression or traditional way of saying something.25
6758241679imageryDescription that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)26
6758241680impressionistic stylelanguage that uses images to convey an atmosphere or mood27
6758241681irateAngry, incensed28
6758241682lyricalSonglike; characterized by emotions, subjectivity, and imagination.29
6758241683metaphorfigure of speech comparing two different things30
6758241684mockingSatirical, treating with contempt or ridicule, Making fun of something31
6758241685onomatopoeiaA figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words. Simple examples include such words as buzz, hiss, hum, crack, whinny, and murmur. If you note examples of onomatopoeia in an essay passage, note the effect.32
6758241686oratoricalrelating to the art of public speaking33
6758241687parallelismPhrases or sentences of a similar construction/meaning placed side by side, balancing each other34
6758241688paradoxA statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.35
6758241689pedanticCharacterized by a narrow, often ostentatious concern for book learning and formal rules36
6758241690point of viewIn literature, the perspective from which a story is told.37
6758241691pretensionA Claim to something; an unwarranted or false claim, as to merit, importance, or wealth38
6758241692rebuttalA counterargument, especially in debate39
6758241693refutationA denial of the validity of an opposing argument. In order to sound reasonable, a refutation often follows a concession that acknowledges that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable. One of the stages in classical oration, usually following the confirmation, or proof, and preceding the conclusion, or peroration.40
6758241694rhetoricFrom the Greek for "orator," this term describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively.41
6758241695satireA work that reveals a critical attitude toward some element of human behavior by portraying it in an extreme way. It doesn't simply abuse (as in invective) or get personal (as in sarcasm). It targets groups or large concepts rather than individuals.42
6758241696slangA kind of language occurring chiefly in casual and playful speech, made up typically of short-lived coinages and figures of speech43
6758241697stridentLOUD; HARSH; UNPLEASANTLY NOISY44
6758241698syntaxLanguage rules that govern how words can be combined to form meaningful phrases and sentences45
6758241699terseBrief and to the point, laconic, concise46
6758241700thesisFocus statement of an essay; premise statement upon which the point of view or discussion in the essay is based.47
6758241701toneAttitudes and presuppositions of the author that are revealed by their linguistic choices (diction, syntax, rhetorical devices)48
6758241702understatementA figure of speech in which a writer deliberately makes a situation seem less important or serious than it is.49
6758241703reductio ad absurdemmethod of refutation that suggests the other arguer's position leads to unacceptable implications.50
6758241704false dilemmaA fallacy of oversimplification that offers a limited number of options (usually two) when in fact more options are available.51
6758241705begging the questionAssumes something to be true that needs proof52
6758241706syllogismA FORM OF DEDUCTIVE REASONING THAT HAS A MAJOR PREMISE, A MINOR PREMISE, AND A CONCLUSION53
6758241707hasty generalizationA fallacy in which a faulty conclusion is reached because of inadequate evidence.54
6758241708slippery slopeA fallacy that assumes that taking a first step will lead to subsequent steps that cannot be prevented55
6758241709appeal to false authoritya claim that uses as evidence the testimony of someone who is not an expert on the topic56
6758241710bandwagonA fallacy which assumes that because something is popular, it is therefore good, correct, or desirable.57
6758241711sentimental appeala fallacy of argument in which an appeal is based on excessive emotion58
6758241712non sequiturA statement that does not follow logically from evidence59
6758241713ad hominemIn an argument, this is an attack on the person rather than on the opponent's ideas. It comes from the Latin meaning "against the man."60
6758241714post hoc ergo propter hocThis fallacy is Latin for "after which therefore because of which," meaning that it is incorrect to always claim that something is a cause just because it happened earlier. One may loosely summarize this fallacy by saying that correlation does not imply causation. Also called "faulty causality."61
6758241715straw man argumentoversimplification of an opponent's argument to make it easier to attack62
6758241716either-or argumenta logical fallacy that oversimplifies to suggest that only two possible positions exist on a complex issue. False dilemma63
6758241717ellipsisIndicated by a series of three periods, the "..." indicates that some material has been omitted from a given text.64
6758241718analogyA comparision between an unfamilar idea, thing, or situation and something the audience already understands65
6758241719didactic1. A term used to describe fiction or nonfiction that teaches a specific lesson or moral or provides a model of correct behavior or thinking. 2. Excessively instructive66
6758241720euphonypleasant, harmonious sound67
6758241721moral equivalencecompares minor problems with much more serious crimes (or vice versa): "Our new president is like Hitler."68
6758241722snob appealArguments that distract by making the audience want to feel "special." Make the consumer feel like if they buy the product they will be part of an elite or exclusive group.69
6758241723invective(n.) a strong denunciation or condemnation; abusive language; (adj.) abusive, vituperative70
6758241724ambivalenceThe state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes71
6758241725double entendrea statement that has two meanings, one of which is dirty or vulgar72
6758241726nostalgia(n.) a longing for something past; homesickness73
6758241727homogeneityevenness; uniformity74
6758241728epithetA descriptive word or phrase occurring with or in place of the name of a person or thing. An insulting or demeaning word or phrase.75

WHS AP Language Quiz 2 2016-2017 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
4921072037cacophonyunpleasant loud noise0
4921072038cajoleto urge with repeated appeals, teasing, or flattery (to coax)1
4921072039callousunfeeling2
4921072040candidcompletely honest; frank3
4921072041capriciousimpulsive and unpredictable4
4921072042castigateto scold5
4921072043catharticrelaxing after an emotional outburst6
4921072044censureto issue official blame7
4921072045chicanerytrickery8
4921072046circumscribeto draw a circle around; to restrict9
4921072047circumspectdiscreet; careful10
4921072048clandestinesurreptitious (done secretly)11
4921072049complement (n)something added to complete or make perfect12
4921072050conciliatoryappeasing13
4921072051conjectureguesswork14
4921072052contiguoustouching15
4921072053convolutedcomplex16
4921072054cosmopolitanworldly17
4921072055credibleplausible18
4921072056curativeable to heal or cure19

AP Language Vocab- Set One Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
7337587861ProseWritten in ordinary language that resembles everyday speech; NOT poetry0
7337587862RhetoricThe principles governing the art of writing affectively, eloquently, and persuasively.1
7337712414Rhetorical features, rhetorical devices, resources of language, rhetorical strategiesFigures of speech, syntax, sentence structure, diction, and other stylistic elements are used to produce a particular artistic event.2
7337712415Genre/genre conventionsGenre is a major category in which a work of literature (poetry, prose, drama) generic conventions is the typical characteristics that define a genre.3
7337712416Mode of discourse(Type of communication). The way in which information is presented in written or spoken form.4
7337712417rhetorical modes/expository patternsHow the writing is organized. Examples: exposition, argumentation, narrative5
7337712418Thesis/purposeThe sentence or groups of sentences that directly express authors opinion, purpose, meaning, or proposition.6
7337712419tone/attitudeA writers intellectual position or motion regarding the writing subject.7
7337712420Objective/SubjectiveObjective: nonbiased, non-opinionated, factual. Subjective: reflecting a bias or an opinion8
7337712421infer/inferenceTo draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented.9
7337712422concrete detailsUsed to refer to specific types of details.10
7337712423AppealsLogos: Logical (facts, reasoning) Pathos: Emotional (feelings) Ethos: Ethical (credibility, trustworthiness)11

AP Language and Composition- Grammar Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
8661121706AdverbA word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb0
8661121707AdjectiveA word that modifies a noun1
8661121708Absolute AdjectivesAn adjective with a meaning that is generally not capable of being intensified or compared2
8661121709AntecedentThe noun or noun phrase that a pronoun refers to "I went to a bookstore and asked the saleswoman, 'Where's the self-help section?' She said if she told me, it would defeat the purpose."3
8661121710ConjunctionThe part of speech that serves to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences4
8661121711CoordinationThe grammatical connection of two or more ideas to give them equal emphasis and importance5
8661121712SubordinationWhen one element of a sentence is dependent on (or subordinate to) another element of the sentence.6
8661121713Coordinating ConjunctionsA conjunction that joins to similarly constructed phrases or clauses within a sentence7
8661121714Subordinating ConjunctionA conjunction that introduces a dependent clause8
8661121715Correlative ConjunctionsA paired conjunction that links balanced words, phrases, and clauses9
8661121716PredicateOne of the two main parts of a sentence or clause, modifying the subject and including the verb, objects, or phrases governed by the verb10
8661121717Independent ClauseCan stand alone as a complete sentence11
8661121718Dependent ClauseRequires another sentence element in order to make complete sense12
8661121719Adjective Clause (Dependent & Subordinate)A dependent clause used as an adjective within a sentence13
8661121720Adverb Clause (Dependent & Subordinate)A dependent clause used as an adverb within a sentence14
8661121721Conditional Clause (Dependent & Subordinate)A clause that expresses a hypothesis or condition, real or imagined15
8661121722Comparative ClauseA type of dependent or subordinate clause that follows as, than, or like and expresses a comparison16
8661121723PhraseDoes not contain a subject or predicate17
8661121724Absolute PhraseA group of words (often consisting of a participle and its subject) that modifies an independent clause as a whole "Their slender bodies sleek and black against the orange sky, the storks circled above us."18
8661121725Appositive PhraseA noun, noun phrase, or series of nouns used to identify or rename another noun, noun phrase, or pronoun "The student, an overconfident oaf, chose not to study and failed the vocabulary quiz."19
8661121726ParticipialA verb form used as an adjective to modify nouns and pronouns20
8661121727Participial PhraseA phrase that begins with a participle21
8661121728Prepositional PhraseA phrase that begins with a preposition and ends with the object of the preposition "Over the rainbow"22
8661121729GerundA verb form acting as a noun.23
8661121730Gerund PhraseA phrase that begins with a gerund.24

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