AP Language Vocab Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 4805858748 | Philistine | (n) an uncultured, materialistic person who is indifferent or hostile to artistic and intellectual activities. | 0 | |
| 4805858749 | Spurious | (adj) Not genuine | 1 | |
| 4805873237 | Precarious | (adj) Unsafe, risky, insecure | 2 | |
| 4805883231 | Foible | (n) Minor or amusing fault or weakness | 3 | |
| 4805883295 | Forte | (n) Strong point | 4 | |
| 4805897033 | Herculean | (adj) Tremendous in size, strength, difficulty, or effort | 5 | |
| 4805907230 | Bowdlerize | (v) Remove or change parts which are vulgar or immoral | 6 | |
| 4805913883 | Quixotic | (adj) Idealistic but not practical | 7 | |
| 4805923061 | Stoic | (adj) Indifferent to pain or pleasure | 8 | |
| 4805930268 | Expedite | (v) Speed up; hasten or help the accomplishment of | 9 | |
| 4900933965 | Lethargic | (adj) Lazy; sluggish; lacking energy | 10 | |
| 4900942695 | Gregarious | (adj) Liking the company of others | 11 | |
| 4900944621 | Egregious | (adj) Outstandingly bad | 12 | |
| 4900971563 | Galvanize | (v) To stimulate or excite as if by an electric shock | 13 | |
| 4900982094 | Laconic | (adj) Brief; concise; terse; to the point | 14 | |
| 4900993013 | Incumbent | (n) Holder of an office or position; (adj) resting as a duty or obligation required | 15 | |
| 4901004180 | Quintessence | (n) Most essential part or quality; perfect example | 16 | |
| 4901013145 | Maudlin | (adj) Excessively sentimental | 17 | |
| 4901023850 | Machiavellian | (adj) Unprincipled and crafty | 18 | |
| 4901031204 | Ostracize | (v) Exclude from society; refuse to associate with; banish | 19 | |
| 5073795049 | Iconoclast | (n) Attacker of traditional or cherished beliefs, institutions, and ideas | 20 | |
| 5073833537 | Capricious | (adj) Changeable, unpredictable | 21 | |
| 5073847234 | Panacea | (n) Remedy for all desires, sufferings | 22 | |
| 5073873461 | Nemesis | (n) Agent of revenge, punishment; difficult or unbeatable opponent; something incapable of being achieved or overcome; cause of one's downfall or undoing | 23 | |
| 5073892868 | Sardonic | (adj) Mockingly bitter or scornful; sarcastic | 24 | |
| 5073911981 | Succinct | (adj) Brief and clearly expressed | 25 | |
| 5073923750 | Auspicious | (adj) Favorable, promising a good outcome | 26 | |
| 5073935800 | Prevaricate | (v) Stray away from the truth; mislead | 27 | |
| 5073944982 | Jovial | (adj) Full of hearty humor and fun; jolly | 28 | |
| 5073952148 | Jaded | (adj) Wearied, dulled, or bored by having too much | 29 | |
| 5338383483 | Scruple | (n) Doubt or uneasiness as to what is right or proper | 30 | |
| 5338397972 | Diffident | (adj) Lacking self-confidence; timid; unassertive | 31 | |
| 5338411640 | Canvass | (v) To solicit votes, subscriptions, opinions, or the like from | 32 | |
| 5338423328 | Alacrity | (n) Liveliness; briskness; the completion of a task with speed and good humor | 33 | |
| 5338429168 | Curtail | (v) Shorten, reduce, lessen | 34 | |
| 5338442425 | Chagrin | (n) Humiliation, disappointment, irritation | 35 | |
| 5338451373 | Parasite | (n) Plant or animal that lives on or in another an feeds off the other's body; a person receiving support without giving anything useful or meaningful in return | 36 | |
| 5338461076 | Posthumous | (adj) Occurring after death | 37 | |
| 5338467960 | Candid | (adj) Honest, truthful, straightforward | 38 | |
| 5338476390 | Zealous | (adj) Extremely active, eager, devoted | 39 | |
| 5527649343 | Martial | (adj) Warlike, military, pertaining to the armed forces | 40 | |
| 5527663840 | Inexorable | (adj) Unchangeable or unstoppable by begging or pleading | 41 | |
| 5527676737 | Supercilious | (adj) Scornfully looking down on others; disdainfully superior | 42 | |
| 5527686675 | Dexterous | (adj) Skillful, clever | 43 | |
| 5527700090 | Ephemeral | (adj) Short-lived, fleeting, lasting a very short time | 44 | |
| 5527714980 | Narcissism | (n) Extreme self-love or self-admiration | 45 | |
| 5527726636 | Saturnine | (adj) Gloomy, grave | 46 | |
| 5527739449 | Ubiquitous | (adj) To be everywhere at the same time | 47 | |
| 5527752734 | Venerate | (v) Regard with respect | 48 | |
| 5527761266 | Fervent | (adj) Intense, passionate | 49 |
AP Language and Composition terms Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 8061693441 | Anaphora | In writing or speech, the deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence I order to achieve an artistic effect. |  | 0 |
| 8061697384 | Juxtaposition | Is a literary technique in which two or more ideas, places, characters, and their actions are placed side by side in a narrative or a poem for the purpose of developing comparisons and contrasts. |  | 1 |
| 8061698378 | Parallelism | Is the use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same; or similar in their construction, sound, meaning, or meter. | 2 | |
| 8061698379 | Cumulative Sentence | Is known as a "loose sentence," that starts with an independent clause or main clause, which is simple and straight, provides main idea, and then adds subordinate elements or modifiers. |  | 3 |
| 8061701990 | Periodic Sentence | Has the main clause or predicate at the end. | 4 | |
| 8061703207 | Litotes | Derived from a Greek word meaning "simple", is a figure of speech which employs an understatement by using double negatives or, in other words, positive statement is expressed by negating its opposite expressions. |  | 5 |
| 8061703208 | Antithesis | Literal meaning opposite, is a rhetorical device in which two opposite ideas are put together in a sentence to achieve a contrasting effect. |  | 6 |
| 8061704450 | Metonymy | It is a figure of speech that replaces the name of a thing with the name of something else with which it is closely associated. | 7 | |
| 8061706582 | Synecdoche | Is a literary device in which a part of something represents the whole or it may use a whole to represent a part. | 8 | |
| 8061706583 | Aphorism | Is a statement of truth or opinion expressed in a concise and witty manner. |  | 9 |
| 8061709001 | Paradox | Is from the Greek word "paradoxon" that means contrary to expectations, existing belief or perceived opinion. It is a statement that appears to be self-contradictory or silly but may include a latent truth. |  | 10 |
AP Language Week 21 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 6544050623 | Corroboration | The act of confirming (noun) | 0 | |
| 6544050624 | Deplete | To decrease seriously or exhaust the abundance or supply of (verb w/o) | 1 | |
| 6544050625 | Despotic | Of, relating to, or of the nature of an autocrat or tyrant (adj) | 2 | |
| 6544050626 | Emaciated | Marked by abnormal thinness caused by lack of nutrition or by disease (adj) | 3 | |
| 6544050627 | Empirical | Derived from or guided by experience or experiment (adj) | 4 | |
| 6544050628 | Extraneous | Not pertinent; irrelevant (adj) | 5 | |
| 6544050629 | Fallow | Not in use; inactive (adj) | 6 | |
| 6544050630 | Homogeneous | Of the same kind or nature; essentially alike (adj) | 7 | |
| 6544050631 | Hyperbole | Obvious and intentional exaggeration (noun) | 8 | |
| 6544050632 | Incontrovertible | Not open to question or dispute; indisputable (adj) | 9 |
AP Language Week 22 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 6585616066 | Irascible | Easily provoked to anger; very irritable (adj) | 0 | |
| 6585616067 | Laconic | Using few words; expressing much in a few words; concise (adj) | 1 | |
| 6585616068 | Magnanimity | The quality of being high-minded; noble (noun) | 2 | |
| 6585616069 | Obsequious | Servilely compliant or deferential (adj) | 3 | |
| 6585616070 | Proliferation | The growth or production of cells by multiplication of parts (noun) | 4 | |
| 6585616071 | Scrupulous | Punctiliously of minutely careful, precise, or exact (adj) | 5 | |
| 6585616072 | Sublime | Impressing the mind with a sense of grandeur or power; inspiring awe, veneration etc. (adj) | 6 | |
| 6585616073 | Surreptitious | Acting in a stealthy way (adj) | 7 | |
| 6585616074 | Veracity | Habitual observance of truth in speech or statement (noun) | 8 | |
| 6585616075 | Zeal | Fervor for a person, cause, or object; eager desire or endeavor; enthusiastic diligence; ardor (noun) | 9 |
AP Language Final Exam Flashcards
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| 8468329608 | Argument | a coherent and considered movement from a claim to conclusion | 0 | |
| 8468329609 | Aristotle | gave rhetoric a definition; studied rhetoric as if it were a science | 1 | |
| 8468342043 | Audience | reader/listener | 2 | |
| 8468342044 | Claim | an opinion or position on a topic, assertion or proposition | 3 | |
| 8468347719 | Concession | acknowledging the argument on other side | 4 | |
| 8468347720 | Connotation | an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning | 5 | |
| 8468351322 | Context | given circumstances, history, time and place surrounding the text | 6 | |
| 8468365019 | Counterargument | an argument or set of reasons put forward to oppose an idea or theory developed in another argument | 7 | |
| 8468365020 | Deduction | from general to specific (upside down triangle) | 8 | |
| 8468369310 | Denotation | dictionary defintion | 9 | |
| 8468369311 | Ethos | ethics, believable, credibility, trustworthiness | 10 | |
| 8468372128 | Logos | appeals to logic | 11 | |
| 8468372129 | Occasion | context | 12 | |
| 8468393913 | Parallelism | the use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same; or similar in their construction, sound, meaning, or meter | 13 | |
| 8468910631 | Pathos | appeals to the emotions of the audience | 14 | |
| 8468910632 | Peroration | of a speech, the very last sentence to summarize the rhetorical purpose | 15 | |
| 8468913222 | Persona | "mask" | 16 | |
| 8468913223 | Refutation | turning the argument back around to your side | 17 | |
| 8468916338 | Rhetoric | the deliberate manipulation of eloquence for the most persuasive effect in public speaking or in writing | 18 | |
| 8468919075 | Rhetorical Appeals | 19 | ||
| 8468922782 | Rhetorical Purpose | writer's goal; what does the writer want | 20 | |
| 8468927970 | Rhetorical Question | a question asked in order to make a point rather than to get an answer. | 21 | |
| 8468930596 | Rhetorical Situation | a sender, text, and at least one receiver | 22 | |
| 8468934068 | Rhetorical Triangle | on the sides: speaker, audience, subject in the center: rhetorical purpose surrounding circle: occasion | 23 | |
| 8468942679 | SOAPS | Subject Occasion Audience Purpose Speaker | 24 | |
| 8468942680 | Speaker | voice, persona, role | 25 | |
| 8468942681 | Subject | topic/content | 26 | |
| 8468946847 | Syllogism | major premise, minor premise, conclusion; form of deductive reasoning; "x is y, y is z, so z is x" | 27 | |
| 8468950193 | Syntax | the ordering of words into sentences | 28 | |
| 8468958048 | Thesis | shows how you intend to argue your claim | 29 |
AP Language Analysis Final Flashcards
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| 5680303320 | choice of words; communicate ideas and impressions, to evoke emotions, and to convey their views of truth to the reader | diction | 0 | |
| 5680309803 | how words are arranged into sentences | syntax | 1 | |
| 5680313165 | diction and syntax help us determine the author's attitude | tone | 2 | |
| 5680316643 | artful diction (such as metaphor, simile, personification, and hyperbole) | trope | 3 | |
| 5680320187 | artful syntax (such as parallelism, juxtaposition, and antithesis) | scheme | 4 | |
| 5680336279 | free of slang, idioms, colloquialisms, and contractions; often contains polysyllabic words, sophisticated syntax, and elegant word choice | formal diction | 5 | |
| 5680347648 | standard language and vocabulary with few elaborate words; may include contractions | neutral diction | 6 | |
| 5680355293 | the language of everyday use; relaxed and conversational; often includes common and simple words, idioms, slang, jargon, and contractions | informal diction | 7 | |
| 5680361092 | refers to a group of recently coined words often used in informal situations; often come and go quickly, passing in and out of usage within months or years | slang | 8 | |
| 5680363837 | nonstandard, often regional, ways of using language appropriate to informal or conversational speech and writing | colloquial expressions | 9 | |
| 5680369654 | words and expression characteristic of a particular trade, profession, or pursuit | jargon | 10 | |
| 5680374210 | the nonstandard subgroup of a language with its own vocabulary and grammatical features; writers often use regional dialects that reveal a person's social or economic class | dialect | 11 | |
| 5680381160 | the exact, literal definition of a word independent of any emotional association or secondary meaning; many words have more than one denotation, so be sure to use context clues to determine which meaning is being conveyed | denotation | 12 | |
| 5680386106 | implicit rather than explicit meaning of a word; consists of the suggestions, associations, and emotional overtones attached to a word. For example, the word house has a different emotional effect on readers than the word home, with its connotation of safety, coziness, and security | connotation | 13 | |
| 5680395131 | contains one subject and one verb; has one complete thought | simple sentence | 14 | |
| 5680414456 | contains two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) or by a semicolon; has two or more complete thoughts | compound sentence | 15 | |
| 5680419707 | has main clause and one or more subordinate clauses; these clauses are connected to the main clause with words like because, while, when, if, as, although, since, unless, after, so, which, and that | complex sentence | 16 | |
| 5680423258 | contains two or more main clauses and one or more subordinate clauses | compound-complex sentence | 17 | |
| 5680525543 | repetition of the same sound beginning several words or syllables in sequence; helps the text flow and sounds pleasing to audience's ear, particularly in a text meant to be spoken aloud | alliteration | 18 | |
| 5680525544 | repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds in neighboring words; can create a musical or poetic effect; can emphasize certain sounds to affect the mood | assonance | 19 | |
| 5680525545 | brief reference to a person, event, or place (real or fictitious) or to a work of art; an indirect or passing reference to an event, person, place or artistic work that the author assumes the reader will understand | allusion | 20 | |
| 5680525546 | repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines | anaphora | 21 | |
| 5680581669 | repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive phrases, clauses, or lines | epistrophe | 22 | |
| 5680588781 | repetition of words in reverse order for surprise and emphasis | antimetabole | 23 | |
| 5680597386 | opposition, or contrast, of ideas or words in a parallel construction; parallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas | antithesis | 24 | |
| 5680605683 | omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words; adds drama by speeding up the rhythm and pace | asyndeton | 25 | |
| 5680611360 | use of a series of coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS) not normally found in successive words, phrases, or clauses. Adds emphasis by creating a slowing effect | polysyndeton | 26 | |
| 5680617093 | figure of speech that compares two things indirectly, without using like or as | metaphor | 27 | |
| 5680621187 | figure of speech that compares two things directly, using like or as | simile | 28 | |
| 5680626579 | attribution of a lifelike quality to an inanimate object or an idea | personification | 29 | |
| 5680630179 | figure of speech that replaces the name of a thing with the name of something else with which it is closely associated | metonymy | 30 | |
| 5680636425 | figure of speech that uses a part to represent the whole | synecdoche | 31 | |
| 5680641089 | a figure of speech in which two seemingly opposing and contradictory elements are juxtaposed; usually just a pair of words; doesn't necessarily convey a deeper meaning | oxymoron | 32 | |
| 5680644856 | the juxtaposition of a set of seemingly contradictory concepts that reveal a hidden and/or unexpected truth | paradox | 33 | |
| 5680652281 | grammatical structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses; adds balance and rhythm to sentences giving ideas a smoother flow and thus can be persuasive because of the repetition it employs | parallel structure | 34 | |
| 5680656645 | figure of speech in the form of a question posed for rhetorical effect rather than for the purpose of getting an answer | rhetorical question | 35 | |
| 5680662455 | use of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous, meanings | zeugma | 36 |
AP Language: Diction Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 7409302169 | Diction | - word choice. | 0 | |
| 7409302170 | Monosyllabic/Anglo-Saxon | - root word only, sounds more informal. - simple & direct. | 1 | |
| 7409302171 | Polysyllabic/Latin-Greek | - root word along w/ a prefix/suffix. - sounds formal, complex & indirect. | 2 | |
| 7409302172 | Denotative | - dictionary definition. | 3 | |
| 7409302173 | Connotative | - emotional definition. | 4 | |
| 7409302174 | General | - amateurish, don't use in formal context. - examples: cry, throw, walk, etc. | 5 | |
| 7409302175 | Specific | - responds to a question, how to do something. - examples: weep, sob, gaze, stride, etc. | 6 | |
| 7409302176 | Abstract | - not imaginative, lack of sensory appeal. | 7 | |
| 7409302177 | Concrete | - imaginative words that combine to form a vivid "mental picture". | 8 | |
| 7409302178 | Euphonious | - pleasant sounds, sound nice to the ear. - examples: puffy, butterfly, fluffy, etc. | 9 | |
| 7409302179 | Cacophonous | - hard vowel sounds, harsh to the ear. - examples: putrid, grate, pus, etc. | 10 | |
| 7409302180 | Colloquial | - informal/slang words or expressions. - examples: lowkey, extra, shady, etc. | 11 | |
| 7409302181 | Idiomatic | - words whose meanings can't be predicted from the meanings of the constituent words. - examples: "raining cats and dogs." | 12 | |
| 7409302182 | Figurative Language | - speech/writing that departs from the literal meaning in order to achieve a special word/meaning, etc. | 13 | |
| 7409302183 | Pedantic | - overly concerned w/ small details in teaching/learning. | 14 | |
| 7409302184 | Esoteric | - secret, belonging to a select few. | 15 | |
| 7409302185 | Abstruse | - hard to understand, hidden. | 16 | |
| 7409302186 | Insipid | - to lack interesting or distinctive qualities. | 17 | |
| 7409302187 | Bombastic | - pretentious, haughty. | 18 | |
| 7409302188 | Trite | - lack of originality, long, & drawn out. | 19 | |
| 7409302189 | Cultured | - enlightened; refined. | 20 | |
| 7409302190 | Euphemistic | - inserting a word in place of a more offensive word. | 21 | |
| 7409302191 | Pretentious | - trying to sound smarter than you are. | 22 | |
| 7409302192 | Sensuous | - diction that appeals to a sense besides sight. | 23 | |
| 7409302193 | Plain | - unadorned; simple. | 24 | |
| 7409302194 | Poetic | - having qualities of poetry such as imagery, figurative language, etc. | 25 | |
| 7409302195 | Moralistic | - imposes morality on someone by using censorship. - can sound preachy. | 26 | |
| 7409302196 | Vulgar | - indecent. | 27 | |
| 7409302197 | Scholarly | - references academics. | 28 |
AP Psychology - THINKING & LANGUAGE Flashcards
Thinking Problem Solving Creativity and Language
Terms : Hide Images
| 8963640766 | cognition | all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating. |  | 0 |
| 8963640767 | Concept | a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people |  | 1 |
| 8963640768 | Prototype | a standard or typical example (Is that a computer screen that BENDS?!) |  | 2 |
| 8963640769 | algorithm | a precise rule (or set of rules) specifying how to solve some problem |  | 3 |
| 8963640770 | Heuristic | a commonsense rule (or set of rules) intended to increase the probability of solving some problem |  | 4 |
| 8963640771 | Insight | A cognitive form of learning involving the mental rearragnment or restructuring of the elements in a problem to achieve an understanding or the problem and arrive at a solution |  | 5 |
| 8963640772 | Creativity | the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas |  | 6 |
| 8963640773 | Confirmation bias | a tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions |  | 7 |
| 8963640774 | fixation | the inability to see a problem from a new perspective, by employing a different mental set |  | 8 |
| 8963640775 | Mental Set | a tendency to approach a problem in a particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past |  | 9 |
| 8963640776 | Functional fixedness | the tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem solving (Is a shoe just a shoe?) |  | 10 |
| 8963640777 | Representative heuristic | judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead one to ignore other relevent information |  | 11 |
| 8963640778 | Availability heuristic | estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to mind, we presume such events are common |  | 12 |
| 8963640779 | Overconfidence | total certainty or greater certainty than circumstances warrant |  | 13 |
| 8963640780 | Belief Perseverance | clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited |  | 14 |
| 8963640781 | Intuition | instinctive knowing (without the use of rational processes) |  | 15 |
| 8963640782 | Framing | the way an issue is posed |  | 16 |
| 8963640783 | Language | spoken, written or signed words, and the ways we use them to communicate. |  | 17 |
| 8963640784 | Phoneme | (linguistics) the smallest distinctive unit of sound |  | 18 |
| 8963640785 | Morpheme | smallest meaningful language unit |  | 19 |
| 8963640786 | Grammar | a system of linguistic rules that enables communication |  | 20 |
| 8963640787 | Semantics | the study of language meaning |  | 21 |
| 8963640788 | Syntax | the rules for grammatical arrangement of words in sentences |  | 22 |
| 8963640789 | Babbling Stage | beginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds at first unrelated to the household lanuage. |  | 23 |
| 8963640790 | One-word Stage | the stage in speech development, from about age 1 to 2, during which a child speaks mostly in single words |  | 24 |
| 8963640791 | Two-word stage | beginning about age 2, the stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly two-word statements | | 25 |
| 8963640792 | Telegraphic speech | early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram--'go car'--using mostly nouns and verbs and omitting 'auxiliary' words |  | 26 |
| 8963640793 | Linguistic determinism | Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think |  | 27 |
| 8963640794 | Noam Chomsky | American linguist whose theory of generative grammar argued that language and grammar are innate, that we have a language acquisition device built in. |  | 28 |
| 8963640795 | B.F Skinner | pioneer of operant conditioning who believed that language development is determined by our past history of rewards and punishments |  | 29 |
| 8963640796 | Benjamin Whorf | Linguist who theorized the concept of "liguistic determinism" or how language impacts thought |  | 30 |
AP Language and Composition Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 5401094253 | Abstract | A word that refers to general qualities, conditions, ideas, actions or relationships that cannot be directly perceived by the senses: bravery, dedication, excellence, anxiety, stress, thinking or hatred | 0 | |
| 5401094254 | Ad hominem argument | Comes from the Latin phrase meaning "to the man." It refers to an argument that attacks the opposing speaker or another person rather than addressing the issues at hand. | 1 | |
| 5401094255 | Allegory | a fictional work in which the characters represent ideas or concepts. In Paul Bunyan's Pilgrims Progress for example the characters named Faithful, Mercy and Mr. Worldly Wiseman are clearly meant to represent types of people rather than to be characters in their own rights | 2 | |
| 5401094256 | Alliteration | repetition of consonant sounds usually at the beginning of words: The repeated "T" and "C" sounds in the sentence, "The tall tamarack trees shaded the cozy cabin," are examples | 3 | |
| 5401094257 | Allusion | a passing reference to a familiar person, place or thing drawn from history the Bible mythology or literature. An economical way for a writer to capture the essence of an idea, atmosphere, emotion, or historical era. a reference, usually oblique or faint, to another thing idea or person | 4 | |
| 5401094258 | Ambiguity: ambiguous | something that is uncertain or indefinite; it is subject to more than one interpretation | 5 | |
| 5401094259 | Analogy | asks the reader to think about the correspondence or resemblance between two things that are essentially different; a form of comparison in which the writer explains something unfamiliar by comparing it to something familiar | 6 | |
| 5401094260 | Analytical reading | reading actively, paying close attention to both the content in the structure of the text. _________ often involves answering several basic questions about the piece of writing under consideration | 7 | |
| 5401094261 | Antecedent | Every pronoun refers back to a previous noun or pronoun - the _________; __________is the grammatical term for the noun of or pronoun from which another pronoun derives its meaning | 8 | |
| 5401094262 | Antithesis | an opposition or contrast of ideas that is often expressed in balanced phrases or clauses | 9 | |
| 5401094263 | Apostrophe | a figure of speech in which an absent person or personified object is addressed by a speaker | 10 | |
| 5401094264 | Apotheosis | derived from the Greek word deify. Occurs in literature when a character or a thing is elevated to such a high status that appears godlike | 11 | |
| 5401094265 | Appositive | a word or phrase that follows a noun or pronoun for emphasis or clarity. __________ are usually set off by commas | 12 | |
| 5401094266 | Appropriateness | word choice | 13 | |
| 5401094267 | Argument | one of the four basic types of prose. To_____is to attempt to convince the reader to agree with a point of view, to make a given decision, or to pursue a particular course of action. Logical ______ is based on reasonable explanations and appeals to the reader's intelligence | 14 | |
| 5401094268 | Assertion | The thesis, claim, or proposition that a writer puts forward in an argument | 15 | |
| 5401094269 | Assonance | a type of internal rhyming in which vowel sounds are repeated. For instance listen to the __________ caused by the repeated short "o" sounds in the phrase ,"the pot's rocky, pocked surface." | 16 | |
| 5401094270 | Assumption | A belief or principle, stated or implied, that is taken for granted | 17 | |
| 5401094271 | Asyndeton | occurs when the conjunctions (such, as, and, or, but) that would normally connect a string of words, phrases, or clauses are omitted from a sentence | 18 | |
| 5401094272 | Atmosphere | the emotional feeling - or mood - of a place, scene, or event | 19 | |
| 5401094273 | Attitude | describes the feelings of a particular speaker or piece of writing toward a subject, person, or idea. For example, a writer can think very positively or very negatively about a subject. In most cases, the writer's ______ fall somewhere between these two extremes. This expression is often used as a synonym for tone | 20 | |
| 5401094274 | Audience | the intended readership for a piece of writing. | 21 | |
| 5401094275 | Bathos | A false or forced emotion that is often humorous | 22 | |
| 5401094276 | Beginning | A _______ is the sentence, group of sentences or section that introduces an essay | 23 | |
| 5401094277 | Cause and effect analysis | one of the types of exposition. Answers the question why? It explains the reasons for an occurrence or the consequence of an action | 24 | |
| 5401094278 | Claim | The thesis or proposition put forth in argument | 25 | |
| 5401094279 | Classification | One of the types of exposition. Sorts people, places, or things into categories according to their differing characteristics, thus making them more manageable for the writer and more understandable for the reader | 26 | |
| 5401094280 | Cliché | an expression that has become ineffective through overuse. Expressions such as quick as a flash, dry as dust, jump for joy and slow as molasses are all examples. | 27 | |
| 5401769806 | Coherence | a quality of good writing that results when all sentences, paragraphs and longer divisions of an essay are naturally connected | 28 | |
| 5401769807 | Colloquial expressions | characteristic of or appropriate to spoken language or to writing that seeks its effect. Informal, as chem., gym, come up with, be at loose ends, won't and photo illustrate. Thus, _________________ are acceptable in formal writing only if they are used purposefully | 29 | |
| 5401769808 | Comparison and contrast | One of the types of exposition. In _______________, the writer point out the similarities and differences between two or more subjects in the same class or category. The function is to clarify - to reach some conclusions about the items | 30 | |
| 5401769809 | Conclusions | A ________ is a sentence or group of sentences that brings an essay to closure | 31 | |
| 5401769810 | Concrete | names a specific object, person, place or action that can be directly perceived by the senses: car, bread, building, book, Abraham Lincoln, Toronto or hiking | 32 | |
| 5401769811 | Connotation | the implied or suggested meaning of a word. | 33 | |
| 5401769812 | Controlling idea | a statement of the main idea of an essay, may sometimes be implied rather than stated directly | 34 | |
| 5401769813 | Contrast | Writers often use __________, or oppositions, to elaborate ideas. ________ help writers to expand on their ideas by allowing them to show both what a thing is and what it is not. | 35 | |
| 5401769814 | Deduction | ___________ is the process of reasoning from a stated premise to a necessary conclusion. This form of reasoning moves from the general to the specific. | 36 | |
| 5401769815 | Definition | ____________ is one of the types of exposition. __________ is a statement of the meaning of a word. A _________ may be either brief or extended, part of an essay or an entire essay itself | 37 | |
| 5401769816 | Denotation | the dictionary meaning of a word, the literal meaning | 38 | |
| 5401769817 | Description | ___________is one of the four basic types of prose. ____________tells how a person, place or thing is perceived by the five senses. Objective __________ reports the sensory qualities factually, whereas subjective ___________ gives the writer's interpretation of them | 39 | |
| 5401769818 | Dialogue | ___________ is conversation that is recorded in a piece of writing. Through ______, writers reveal important aspects of characters' personalities as well as events in the narrative | 40 | |
| 5401769819 | Diction | _________ refers to an authors choice of words. | 41 | |
| 5401769820 | Division | Like comparison and contrast, ___________ and classification are separate yet closely related mental operations. __________ involves breaking down a single large unit into smaller subunits or breaking down a large group of items into discrete categories | 42 | |
| 5401769821 | Dominant impression | A ______________ is the single mood, atmosphere, or quality a writer emphasizes in a piece of descriptive writing. The _______________ is created through the careful selection of details and is, of course, influenced by the writer's subject, audience and purpose | 43 | |
| 5401769822 | Draft | A ______ is a version of a piece of writing at a particular stage in the writing process | 44 | |
| 5401769823 | Editing | During the _______ stage of the writing process, the writer makes his or her prose conform to the conventions of the language. This includes making final improvements in sentence structure and diction, and proofreading for wordiness and errors in grammar, usage, spelling and punctuation | 45 | |
| 5401769824 | Elegiac | An ________ is work (of music, literature, dance, or art) that expresses sorrow. It mourns the loss of something, such as the death of a loved one | 46 | |
| 5401769825 | Emphasis | ___________ is the placement of important ideas and words within sentences and longer units of writing so that they have the greatest impact | 47 | |
| 5401769826 | Ending | An ________ is a sentence or group of sentences that brings an essay to closure | 48 | |
| 5401769827 | Essay | An _________ is a relatively short piece of nonfiction in which the writer attempts to make one or more closely related points | 49 | |
| 5401769828 | Ethos | __________is the characteristic spirit or ideal that informs a work _________ also refers more generally to ethics, or values of the arguer: honesty, trustworthiness, even morals. In rhetorical writing, authors often attempt to persuade readers by appealing to their sense of _______, or ethical principles | 50 | |
| 5401769829 | Euphemism | A __________ is a mild or pleasant sounding expression that substitutes for a harsh, indelicate, or simply less pleasant idea | 51 | |
| 5401769830 | Evaluation | An __________ of a piece of writing is an assessment of its effectiveness or merit | 52 | |
| 5401769831 | Evidence | _________ is the data on which a judgment or argument is based on by which proof or probability is established. _________ usually takes the form of statistics, facts, names, examples or illustrations and opinions of authorities | 53 | |
| 5401769832 | Examples | __________ illustrate a larger idea or represent something of which they are a part. An _______ is a basic means of developing or clarifying an idea. The terms _______ and illustration are sometimes used interchangeable | 54 | |
| 5401769833 | Exemplification | _____________ is a type of exposition. With _____________, the writer uses examples - specific facts, opinions, samples and anecdotes or stories- to support a generalization and to make it more vivid, understandable and persuasive | 55 | |
| 5401769834 | Exposition | __________is one of the four basic types of prose. The purpose of ___________ is to clarify, explain and inform. The methods of ___________ include process analysis, definition, division and classification, comparison and contrast, exemplification and cause and effect analysis Writing or speech that is organized to explain | 56 | |
| 5401769835 | Fact | A piece of information presented as having a verifiable certainty or reality | 57 | |
| 5401769836 | Fallacy | See logical fallacies | 58 | |
| 5401769837 | Figures of speech | _______________ or brief, imaginative comparisons that highlight the similarities between things that are basically dissimilar. The most common figures of speech are these: simile: an implicit comparison introduced by like or as metaphor: an implied comparison that uses one thing as the equivalent of another Personification: a special kind of simile or metaphor in which human traits are assigned to an inanimate object | 59 | |
| 5401769838 | Fiction | The word "_______" comes from the Latin word meaning to invent, to form, to imagine. Works of ________ can be based on actual occurrences, but their status as ________ means that something has been imagined or invented in the telling of the occurrence | 60 | |
| 5401769839 | Figurative language | ___________ is an umbrella term for all uses of language that imply an imaginative comparison. Similes, metaphors and symbols are all examples of ______________ | 61 | |
| 5401769840 | Focus | _______ is a limitation that a writer gives his or her subject | 62 | |
| 5401769841 | Foreshadowing | _______________ is a purposeful hint placed in a work of literature to suggest what may occur later in the narrative | 63 | |
| 5401769842 | General | _________ words name groups or classes of objects, qualities, or actions | 64 | |
| 5401769843 | Grammar | ___________is a set of rules that specify how a given language is used effectively | 65 | |
| 5401769844 | Hyperbole | ____________ is a figure of speech in which exaggeration is used to achieve emphasis | 66 | |
| 5401769845 | Idiom | An _________ is a word or phrase that is used habitually with a particular meaning in a language. The meaning of an _______ is not always readily apparent to non-native speakers of that language | 67 | |
| 5401769846 | Illustration | __________ illustrate a larger idea or represent something of which they are a part. An _______ is a basic means of developing or clarifying an idea. The terms example and __________ are sometimes used interchangeable | 68 | |
| 5401769847 | Image | An_______ is a mental picture that is conjured by specific words and associations, but there can be auditory and sensory components to________ as well | 69 | |
| 5401849505 | Induction | __________ is the process of reasoning to a conclusion about all members of a class through an examination of only a few members of the class | 70 | |
| 5401849506 | Introductions | An _______ is the sentence, group of sentences or section that introduces an essay | 71 | |
| 5401849507 | Irony | _________ occurs when a situation produces an outcome that is opposite of what is expected | 72 | |
| 5401849508 | Jargon | _________ is the special vocabulary of a trade or profession | 73 | |
| 5401849509 | Juxtaposition | When two contrasting things - ideas, words or sentence elements - are placed next to each other for comparison, a ____________ occurs | 74 | |
| 5401849510 | Logical fallacies | The _____________ is an error in reasoning that renders an argument invalid. Some of the more common _____________ are these: | 75 | |
| 5556729950 | Either/or thinking | the tendency to see in issue as having only two sides | 76 | |
| 5556729951 | False analogy | making a misleading analogy between logically unconnected ideas | 77 | |
| 5556729952 | Begging the question | assuming in a premise that which needs to be proven | 78 | |
| 5556729953 | Post hoc, ergo propter hoc ("After this, therefore because of this") | confusing chance or coincidence with causation Because one event comes after another one, it does not necessarily mean that the first event caused the second | 79 | |
| 5556729954 | Non sequitur ("it does not follow") | an inference or conclusion that does not follow from established premises or evidence | 80 | |
| 5556729955 | Oversimplification | the tendency to provide simple solutions to complex problems | 81 |
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