Flashcards
AP Language Vocab Section 1 Flashcards
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| 4792097145 | august | pos: adjective d: respected and impressive - imposing, inspiring reverence and admiration, venerable, grand s: distinguished, majestic - prestigious a: undignified - mundane (mund - of the world), trivial, common ex: We stood up respectfully when the august guests entered the room. | 0 | |
| 4792144301 | contrite | pos: adjective d: sense of guilt, desire for atonement, showing great sorrow s: apologetic, remorseful, penitent a: indifferent, shameless ex: After getting into a minor car accident, one driver was contrite and apologized seven times. | 1 | |
| 4792166751 | contrition | pos: noun d: remorse, the state of having guilt s: repentance a: indifference, pride, joy ex: His contrition was overwhelming and he had to confess everything to his friend in order to unburden himself of the weight of his sin. | 2 | |
| 4792169240 | curmudgeon | pos: noun d: a bad-tempered person, a rude person, stingy person s: grouch, whiner - parsimony a: a happy, bubbly person, optimist, preppy ex: The curmudgeon busted his way into the room and, upon hearing bad news, put his fist in the wall. | 3 | |
| 4792169241 | despondent | pos: adjective d: feeling hopeless - having lost heart, courage or hope, forlorn s: discouraged a: cheerful, light-hearted, buoyant ex: The man, feeling despondent, could not think of any solutions, and had given up. | 4 | |
| 4792170763 | ensconce | pos: verb d: to hide, or shelter, cache, occult, settle comfortably s: conceal a: uncover, unveil, expose, reveal ex: The acorns were ensconced in the ground, waiting for the squirrel to return. | 5 | |
| 4792170764 | desultory | pos: adjective d: disconnected, lacking consistency, jumping from one thing to another s: aimless, chaotic - sporadic, erratic, mercurial, capricious a: organized, steady, orderly, systematic, stable, assiduous, determined, methodical, constant ex: The desultory conversation had four people speaking simultaneously, each one attempting to speak over the other. | 6 | |
| 4792171703 | hegemony | pos: noun d: leadership influence exercised by one nation over others, political domination s: command, authority, leadership, dominance, sovereignty, supremacy a: subordination ex: The country's hegemony was strong as they strived to take over the world. | 7 | |
| 4792171704 | supercilious | pos: adjective d: looking or acting as though you are superior to others, showing scorn, arrogant, superior s: condescending, snobby, haughty a: humble, inferior, subordinate, caviler ex: The supercilious man strode around his mansion, head held high as he walked past those whom he believed to be inferior to him. | 8 | |
| 4792172401 | nemesis | pos: noun d: an opponent or rival whom a person cannot best or overcome, just punishment, retribution, and agent of retribution whom you cannot avoid s: rival, enemy, punishment, avenger a: friend, associate ex: He clashed with his nemesis daily, and it seems as though he'll never best her. | 9 | |
| 4792172402 | putative | pos: adjective d: commonly reputed, supposed s: presumptive a: proven, sure, known, demonstrated ex: The putative rumors spread like wildfire even though there was no evidence to prove it's truth. The boy's putative excuse was that his dog ate his homework, but it was discovered that he had no pets. | 10 | |
| 4792173575 | prognosticate | pos: verb d: to forecast or predict from fact, indicate beforehand s: foreshadow, forebode, auger, tend, prophecy a: hindsight, retrospect, recollection, reminiscent ex: The birds prognosticated the coming storm and burrowed into their nests. | 11 | |
| 4792173576 | puerile | pos: adjective d: relating to a child (puer - latin for boy), youthful, juvenile, babyish s: immature, infantile a: mature, aged ex: The puerile picture portrayed two stick figures. | 12 | |
| 4792174848 | splenetic | pos: adjective d: peevish, spiteful, having to do with the spleen, bad-tempered, whiny s: bitter a: happy, kind, easy going, complacent, forgiving ex: The splenetic man made a rude remark to everyone who tried to speak to him. | 13 | |
| 4792174849 | stultify | pos: verb d: to make, or cause to appear, foolish, make futile, reduce to foolishness s: mock, stagnate, trammel, discourage, inhibit a: excite, put something in a good light - foster, encourage, nourish, stimnulate ex: The boy's prank of having the principal fall onto a slip-n-slide stultified him, causing the principal to give him detention. | 14 | |
| 4792175785 | vapid | pos: adjective d: lacking life or sharpness, bland, dull, flavorless - jejune s: boring, stale, uninspiring a: vibrant, exciting, lively ex: The vapid soda was flat and tasted of nothing. | 15 | |
| 4792175786 | wrest | pos: verb d: to pull with a violent twist, to get by effort s: wrench, extort, wring a: give, yield ex: She wrested the wrench from the baby's fist to make sure that he didn't hurt himself. | 16 | |
| 4792175787 | zeitgeist | pos: noun d: the general thought or feeling at a particular time, climate of an era s: spirit, theme, outlook, feature, trait, indication a: --- ex: Her tear-jerking poem captured the zeitgeist of the night, as everyone was sad to leave and say goodbye the following day. | 17 |
AP Psychology - Language and Cognition Flashcards
Advanced Placement Psychology
Enterprise High School, Redding, CA
All terms from Myers Psychology for AP (BFW Worth, 2011)
Terms : Hide Images
| 9790312053 | cognition | all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating. |  | 0 |
| 9790312054 | concept | a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people. |  | 1 |
| 9790312055 | prototype | the best or most typical example of a concept |  | 2 |
| 9790312056 | algorithm | a methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem. Contrasts with the usually speedier—but also more error-prone—use of heuristics. |  | 3 |
| 9790312057 | heuristic | a simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgments and solve problems efficiently; usually speedier but also more error-prone than algorithms. |  | 4 |
| 9790312058 | insight | a sudden and often novel realization of the solution to a problem; it contrasts with strategy-based solutions. |  | 5 |
| 9790312059 | behaviorist theory | the theory of language development that argues humans learn language through trial/error and gradually learn more effective ways to speak to get what they want |  | 6 |
| 9790312060 | confirmation bias | a tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence. |  | 7 |
| 9790312061 | analogical problem solving | a tendency to approach a problem by comparing to other similar problems, often a way that has been successful in the past. |  | 8 |
| 9790312062 | functional fixedness | the tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions; an impediment to problem solving. |  | 9 |
| 9790312063 | representativeness heuristic | judging the likelihood of things in terms of how it connects to our past experiences |  | 10 |
| 9790312064 | availability heuristic | estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to mind (perhaps because of their vividness), we presume such events are common. |  | 11 |
| 9790312065 | nativist theory | the theory of language development that states that humans have a natural, innate ability to develop language (theorized by Chomsky) |  | 12 |
| 9790312066 | belief bias | clinging to one's initial conceptions despite logic |  | 13 |
| 9790312067 | Language Acquisition Device | this structure allows for the innate development of language (theorized by Chomsky) |  | 14 |
| 9790312068 | framing | the way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments. |  | 15 |
| 9790312069 | language | our spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning. |  | 16 |
| 9790312070 | phoneme | in language, the smallest distinctive sound unit. |  | 17 |
| 9790312071 | morpheme | in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or a part of a word (such as a prefix). |  | 18 |
| 9790312072 | grammar | in a language, a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others. |  | 19 |
| 9790312073 | syntax | the rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language. |  | 20 |
| 9790312074 | babbling stage | babies spontaneously uttering a variety of words, such as ah-goo |  | 21 |
| 9790312075 | one-word stage | the stage in which children speak mainly in single words | | 22 |
| 9790312076 | telegraphic speech | early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram—"go car"—using mostly nouns and verbs. |  | 23 |
| 9790312077 | linguistic relativity | Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think. |  | 24 |
AP Language Set B Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 5293465271 | COMPUNCTION | a feeling of anxiety caused by regret for doing something wrong or causing pain | 0 | |
| 5293465272 | EXACERBATE | to increase the severity; aggravate | 1 | |
| 5293465273 | AMELIORATE | to make or become better or improve | 2 | |
| 5293465274 | PLACATE | to appease or pacify with concessions | 3 | |
| 5293465275 | ASSUAGE | to make milder; relieve; soothe, calm fears or anger | 4 | |
| 5293465276 | NEFARIOUS | extremely wicked | 5 | |
| 5293465277 | VIABLE | 1. capable of living; 2. useful or effective | 6 | |
| 5293465278 | DENIGRATE | to speak damagingly of; criticize in a derogatory manner | 7 | |
| 5293465279 | EXCULPATE | to clear from a charge of guilt or fault | 8 | |
| 5293465280 | VEHEMENT | strongly emotional; intense or passionate | 9 | |
| 5293465281 | DISINGENUOUS | NOT straightforward or candid | 10 | |
| 5293465282 | INGENUOUS | free from reserve; candid; sincere | 11 | |
| 5293465283 | CHAGRIN | feelings of disappointment and embarassment | 12 | |
| 5293465284 | REPUDIATE | to reject as having any authority (to repudiate a claim) | 13 | |
| 5293465285 | DELINEATE | to portray in words; describe with precision | 14 | |
| 5293465286 | EMPIRICAL | derived from experiment and observation rather than theory | 15 | |
| 5293465287 | INURED | made tough by habitual exposure | 16 | |
| 5293465288 | FALLOW | plowed and left unseeded; not in use | 17 | |
| 5293465289 | SALIENT | prominent or conspicuous (salient traits) | 18 | |
| 5293465290 | EXTOL | praise, glorify, or honor | 19 | |
| 5293465291 | AMBIGUOUS | open to two or more interpretations | 20 | |
| 5293465292 | GUILE | crafty or artful deception; duplicity | 21 | |
| 5293465293 | OSTRACIZE | to exclude, by general consent, from society, friendship, conversation, etc. | 22 | |
| 5293465294 | CACHET | superior status; prestige of a position or a university; a distinguishing mark or feature (Ivy League schools have their own cachet) | 23 | |
| 5293465295 | IMPUGN | challenge as false or wrong | 24 | |
| 5293465296 | IMPUNITY | exemption from punishment or loss | 25 | |
| 5293465297 | EXTENUATE | to lessen or try to lessen the seriousness of a situation | 26 | |
| 5293465298 | MITIGATE | to make less severe | 27 | |
| 5293465299 | INCESSANT | occurring so frequently as to seem ceaseless or uninterrupted | 28 | |
| 5293465300 | VIS À VIS | 1. face to face 2. in relation to; compared with | 29 |
AP VOCAB for Language Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 7778361824 | Creole Language | A language that results from the mixing of colonizer's language with the inndegenous language of the people being dominated | 0 | |
| 7778428188 | Denglish | A combination of Deutsch (The German word for German) and English | 1 | |
| 7778442360 | Developing Language | A language spoken in daily use with a literary tradition that is not widely distributed | 2 | |
| 7778450160 | Dialect | A regional Variation of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronounciation. | 3 | |
| 7778473973 | Ebonics | A dialect spoken by some African Americans | 4 | |
| 7778509338 | Extinct Language | A language that was once used by people in daily activitiesbut is no longer used | 5 | |
| 7778520509 | Franglais | A combination of francais and anglais. ( French and English) | 6 | |
| 7778542942 | Institutionalized Language | A language used in education, work, mass media, and government. | 7 | |
| 7778569877 | Isogloss | A boundary that seperates regions in which different language usages predominate | 8 | |
| 7778662473 | Isolated Language | A language that is unrelated to any other languages and therefor not attached to any language family | 9 | |
| 7778684254 | Language | A system of communication through the use of speech, a collection of sounds understood by a group of people to have the same meaning. | 10 | |
| 7778708418 | Language Branch | A collection of languages related through a common ancestor that can be be confirmed through archaeological evidence. | 11 | |
| 7778743539 | Language Family | A collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history. | 12 | |
| 7778762177 | Language group | A collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary. | 13 | |
| 7778781222 | Lingua Franca | A language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages. | 14 | |
| 7778793931 | Litereary Tradition | A language that is written as well as spoken. | 15 | |
| 7778796930 | Logogram | A symbol that represents a word rather than a sound. | 16 | |
| 7778804730 | Official Language | The language adopted for use by a government for the conduct of business and publication of documents. | 17 | |
| 7778816594 | Pidgin Language | A form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca; used for communications among speakers of two different languages. | 18 | |
| 7778838070 | Received Pronunciation | The dialect of English associated with upper-class Britions living in London and now considered standard in the United Kingdom. | 19 | |
| 7778848842 | Spanglish | A combination of Spanish and English. (Spoken by Hispanic Americans) | 20 | |
| 7778867767 | Standard Language | The form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communication. | 21 | |
| 7778879973 | Subdialect | A subdivision of a dialect. | 22 | |
| 7778886649 | Vigorous Language | A language that is spoken in daily use but lacks literary tradition. | 23 | |
| 7778894183 | Vulgar Latin | A form of Latin used in daily conversations by ancient Romans, as opposed to the standard dialect, ehich was used for official documents. | 24 |
AP Language and Composition Terms Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 6567513413 | Ad hominem argument | Argument that appeals to emotion rather than reason, to feeling rather than intellect | 0 | |
| 6567513414 | Allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning. i.e. Animal Farm characters; The Crucible | 1 | |
| 6567513415 | Alliteration | The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words | 2 | |
| 6567513416 | Allusion | A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work or art purpose: writer does not have to elaborate | 3 | |
| 6567513417 | Ambiguity | The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage | 4 | |
| 6567513418 | Analogy | A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them; using something well known to help explain something not as well known. (similar to simile) | 5 | |
| 6567513419 | Antecedent | The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. | 6 | |
| 6567513420 | Aphorism | A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or moral principle; a memorable summation of the author's point | 7 | |
| 6567513421 | Apostrophe | A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction, such as liberty or love and adds familiarity or emotion intensity | 8 | |
| 6567513422 | Atmosphere | The emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described. | 9 | |
| 6567513423 | Clause | A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb. | 10 | |
| 6567513424 | Colloquial | The use of slang or in formalities in speech or writing. Gives work a conversational, familiar tone. Often used to express regional or local dialects | 11 | |
| 6567513425 | Conceit | A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects; displays intellectual cleverness due to the unusual comparison | 12 | |
| 6567513426 | Connotation | The nonliteral, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning | 13 | |
| 6567513427 | Denotation | The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color | 14 | |
| 6567513428 | Diction | Related to style, refers to the writer's word choice | 15 | |
| 6567513429 | Didactic | Meaning "teaching", it has the primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially of moral or ethical principles | 16 | |
| 6567513430 | Euphemism | A more agreeable or less offensive substitute for generally unpleasant words or concepts. Can be used to adhere to standards of social or political correctness, or to add humor or ironic understatement | 17 | |
| 6567513431 | Extended metaphor | A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work | 18 | |
| 6567513432 | Figurative language | Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid | 19 | |
| 6567513433 | Figure of speech | A device used to produce figurative language, Many compare dissimilar things | 20 | |
| 6567513434 | Generic conventions | This term describes traditions for each genre and helps define each genre. For example, they differentiate between an essay and journalistic writing and an autobiography and political writing | 21 | |
| 6567513435 | Genre | The major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry , and drama | 22 | |
| 6567513436 | Homily | This term literally means "sermon" but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice | 23 | |
| 6567513437 | Hyperbole | A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement for emphasis | 24 | |
| 6567513438 | Imagery | The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. On a physical level, uses terms related to the five senses | 25 | |
| 6567513439 | Inference | To draw reasonable conclusion from the information presented | 26 | |
| 6567513440 | Invective | An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language | 27 | |
| 6567513441 | Irony | The contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant; the difference between what appears to be and what actually is true | 28 | |
| 6567513442 | Verbal irony | The words literally state the opposite of the writers or speakers true meaning | 29 | |
| 6567513443 | Situational irony | Events turn out the opposite of what was expected | 30 | |
| 6567513444 | Dramatic irony | Facts or events are unknown to a character in a play or piece of fiction but known to the reader, audience, or other characters in the work | 31 | |
| 6567513445 | Loose sentence | A type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses. Makes work often seem informal, relaxed, and conversational | 32 | |
| 6567513446 | Metaphor | A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other | 33 | |
| 6567513447 | Metonymy | A figure of speech which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. Example: the White House declared instead of the President declared | 34 | |
| 6567513448 | Mood | The overall feel of the writing (created by writer; determined by reader) | 35 | |
| 6567513449 | Indicative mood | used only for factual sentences "Joe eats too quickly" | 36 | |
| 6567513450 | Subjunctive mood | Used for a doubtful or conditional attitude "If I were you, I would get another job." | 37 | |
| 6567513451 | Imperative mood | Used for commands "Shut the door!" | 38 | |
| 6567513452 | Narrative | The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events | 39 | |
| 6567513453 | Onomatopoeia | A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words | 40 | |
| 6567513454 | Oxymoron | From the Greek for "pointedly foolish" a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. Example: Jumbo Shrimp | 41 | |
| 6567513455 | Paradox | A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense, but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity | 42 | |
| 6567513456 | Parallelism | Refers to the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity; structuring in generally same way to link them all | 43 | |
| 6567513457 | Parody | A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. It distorts or exaggerates distinctive features of the original | 44 | |
| 6567513458 | Pedantic | An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish | 45 | |
| 6567513459 | Periodic sentence | A sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. This independent clause is preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone | 46 | |
| 6567513460 | Point of view | The perspective from which a story is told | 47 | |
| 6567513461 | First-person narrator | Tells the story with the first-person pronoun "I" and is a character in the story. | 48 | |
| 6567513462 | Third person narrator | Relates the events with the third person pronouns, "he, she it" | 49 | |
| 6567513463 | Third person omniscient | the narrator, with god-like knowledge, presents the thoughts and actions of any or all characters | 50 | |
| 6567513464 | Third person limited omniscient | Presents the feelings and thoughts of only the actions of all remaining characters | 51 | |
| 6567513465 | Predicate adjectives | One type of subject complement- an adjective, group of adjectives, or adjective clauses that follows a linking verb Example: My boyfriend is tall, dark, and handsome. Tall, dark and handsome is describing boyfriend | 52 | |
| 6567513466 | Predicate nominative | A second type of subject complement- a noun, group of nouns, or noun clauses that renames the subject Example: "Lincoln was a man of integrity" Man of integrity describes Lincoln | 53 | |
| 6567513467 | Prose | One of the major divisions of genre, refers to fiction and nonfiction, because they are written in ordinary language and most closely resemble everyday speech | 54 | |
| 6567513468 | Repetition | The duplication, either exact or approximate of any element of language | 55 | |
| 6567513469 | Rhetoric | From the Greek "orator" describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively | 56 | |
| 6567513470 | Rhetorical modes | Describes the variety, the conventions, and the purposes of the major kinds of writing | 57 | |
| 6567513471 | Exposition | To explain and analyze information by presenting an idea, relevant evidence, and appropriate discussion | 58 | |
| 6567513472 | Argumentation | To prove the validity of an idea, point of view, by presenting sound reasoning | 59 | |
| 6567513473 | Sarcasm | Bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something | 60 | |
| 6567513474 | Satire | A work that targets human vices and follies, or social institutions or conventions for reform or ridicule | 61 | |
| 6567513475 | Style | An author's sum of choices that he or she makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices | 62 | |
| 6567513476 | Subject complement | The word or clause that follows a linking verb and complements, or completes, the subject of the sentence by renaming it or describing it | 63 | |
| 6567513477 | Subordinate clause | Contains a subject and a verb but can not stand alone | 64 | |
| 6567513478 | Syllogism | From the Greek "reckoning together" this term is a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises, first major and second minor Major premise: All men are mortal. Minor premise: Socrates is a man. Conclusion: Socrates is mortal. | 65 | |
| 6567513479 | Symbol | Anything that represents or stands for something else | 66 | |
| 6567513480 | Natural symbols | Use objects and occurrences from nature to represent ideas commonly associated with them I.e. Dawn and new beginnings | 67 | |
| 6567513481 | Conventional symbols | Those that have been invested with meaning by a group i.e. Star of David | 68 | |
| 6567513482 | Literary symbols | They are found in a variety of literature and are generally recognized i.e. whale in Moby Dick | 69 | |
| 6567513483 | Syntax | The way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences | 70 | |
| 6567513484 | Theme | The central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers to life | 71 | |
| 6567513485 | Thesis | Statement that is a sentence that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or preposition | 72 | |
| 6567513486 | Tone | Describes the author's attitude toward his or her material or the audience | 73 | |
| 6567513487 | Transition | A word or phrase that links different ideas | 74 | |
| 6567513488 | Understatement | The ironic minimalizing of fact, presenting something less significant than it actually is. Makes a work humorous and emphatic;A statement that lacks emphasis and is given less force than normal. | 75 | |
| 6567513489 | Wit | intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights | 76 | |
| 6567513490 | Attitude | A writer's intellectual position or emotion regarding the subject of the writing (related to tone) | 77 | |
| 6567513491 | Concrete detail | A non abstract detail asked on essay portion | 78 | |
| 6567513492 | Descriptive detail | Detail appealing to the visual sense of the reader | 79 | |
| 6567513493 | Devices | The figures of speech, syntax, diction, and other stylistic elements that collectively produce a particular artistic effect | 80 | |
| 6567513494 | Language | how the elements of this combine to form a whole (diction, syntax, figurative language, etc) | 81 | |
| 6567513495 | Narrative devices | The tools of the storyteller such as ordering events so that they build to a climactic moment or withholding information until a crucial time | 82 | |
| 6567513496 | Narrative technique | The style of telling the story, especially the order of events and their detail | 83 | |
| 6567513497 | Persuasive devices | The words in the passage that have strong connotations hint at this. Words that intensify the emotional effect | 84 | |
| 6567513498 | Persuasive essay | An essay that leads to appeal to the audience's emotion or ethical standards to make them feel or support the author's position | 85 | |
| 6567513499 | Resources of language | All the devices of composition available to a writer such as diction, syntax, sentence structure, etc | 86 | |
| 6567513500 | Rhetorical features | Refers to how a passage is constructed. Look at the passage's organization and how the writer combines images, details, or arguments | 87 | |
| 6567513501 | Sentence structure | The type of sentences the author uses; the simple, compound, complex types of this | 88 | |
| 6567513502 | Bathos | the sudden appearance of the commonplace in otherwise elevated matter or style; insincere or overdone pathos | 89 | |
| 6567513503 | Hyperbole | A non-literal exaggeration to emphasize something. | 90 | |
| 6567513504 | Litotes | (Similar to understatement) Emphasizes a point by using a word opposite to the condition. | 91 | |
| 6567513505 | Antithesis | A structure that places contrasting ideas next to each other. | 92 | |
| 6567513506 | Hypophora | Asking a question, then answering it too. | 93 | |
| 6567513507 | Rhetorical Question | A question that is asked to create an effect, not really to be answered. | 94 | |
| 6567513508 | Procatalepsis | (Form of hypophora) Eliminates an objection without asking any questions. | 95 | |
| 6567513509 | Distinctio | Giving the definition of a word so that the word isn't taken the wrong way. | 96 | |
| 6567513510 | Simile | A figure of speech using "like" or "as" to compare two thing somewhat alike. | 97 | |
| 6567513511 | Metaphor | (Similar to simile) Speaking of something as though it were another. | 98 | |
| 6567513512 | Eponym | (Similar to allusion) Linking the attributes of a well known person to another person. | 99 | |
| 6567513513 | Sententia | A quotation or wise saying. Can be a quote from a person. | 100 | |
| 6567513514 | Exemplum | Providing the reader with an example to illustrate what the author means. Fictional examples need to be hypothetical. | 101 | |
| 6567513515 | Climax | Organizing ideas in writing from least to most important. | 102 | |
| 6567513516 | Parallelism | Structuring multiple sentences, generally the same way, to link them all. | 103 | |
| 6567513517 | Chiasmus | (Form of parallelism) The structure of two lines are crisscrossed. The beginning of the first is at the end of the second and vice versa. | 104 | |
| 6567513518 | Anadiplosis | (Form of repetition) Repeating the last word of a phrase or sentence near the beginning of the next. | 105 | |
| 6567513519 | Conduplicatio | (Form of repetition) Take an important word in the previous sentence or phrase and repeats it at the beginning of the next. | 106 | |
| 6567513520 | Metabasis | A summary of a previous body of work that allows the reader to move on to a new point. | 107 | |
| 6567513521 | Parenthesis | A device that is used to insert additional information into the main body of the writing.Equivalent to the spoken aside. | 108 | |
| 6567513522 | Enumeratio | A list of details about something that is supplied. | 109 | |
| 6567513523 | Antanagoge | Making negative things seem not as bad so the reader doesn't feel as strongly about them. | 110 | |
| 6567513524 | Epithet | Adding a descriptive adjective to a noun to evoke an idea or emotion. | 111 | |
| 6567513525 | Asyndeton | Leaving out conjunctions in lists or between phrases, words, or clauses. | 112 | |
| 6567513526 | Polysyndeton | (The stylistic Opposite of asyndeton) Deliberate use of conjunctions. | 113 | |
| 6567513527 | Zeugma | Linking unexpected items together by a shared word. | 114 | |
| 6567513528 | Synecdoche | (Similar to metonymy) Using part of something to refer to another thing as a larger whole. | 115 | |
| 6567513529 | Hyperbaton | Purposely arranging words in an unexpected order. | 116 | |
| 6567513530 | Aporia | Used to express doubt about an idea. | 117 | |
| 6567513531 | Anaphora | The use of the same word or phrase at the beginning of each phrase or sentence. | 118 | |
| 6567513532 | Epistrophe | (Similar to anaphora) The use of the same word or phrase at the end of each phrase or sentence. | 119 | |
| 6567513533 | Symploce | (Form of parallelism) A combination of using a word or phrase repeatedly at the beginning or end of a phrase or sentence. | 120 | |
| 6567513534 | Amplification | Repeating something just said but adding more detail to it. | 121 | |
| 6567513535 | Personification | Giving human-like traits to something not human. | 122 | |
| 6567513536 | Parataxis | A series of clauses without conjunctions. | 123 | |
| 6567513537 | Enthymeme | An abbreviated, informal structured argument with a major and minor premises, both assumed true, making the audience assume the conclusion is also true. | 124 | |
| 6567513538 | Trope | A figure of speech in which words are used in a way that changes their meanings. | 125 | |
| 6567513539 | Polemic | An attack during an argument that hits the opposing point of view. | 126 | |
| 6567513540 | Equivocation | A fallacy that uses a word with two meanings but concludes the word to have only one meaning. | 127 | |
| 6567513541 | Phronesis | Effects Ethos in making it seem the speaker has the wisdom to judge right from wrong. | 128 | |
| 6567513542 | Red Herring | A remark that distracts or sidetracks from the original subject of argument. | 129 | |
| 6567513543 | Straw Man | A fallacy that attacks the weaker side of the argument and not the issue at hand. | 130 | |
| 6567513544 | Hortatory | Speech or writing that urges or commands the audience to do something. | 131 | |
| 6567513545 | Persona | A voice or mask that is used with acting or speaking that the person uses for a particular reason. | 132 | |
| 6567513546 | Absolute | A word free from limitations or qualifications | 133 | |
| 6567513547 | Adage | A familiar proverb or wise saying | 134 | |
| 6567513548 | Archetype | A detail, image, or character type that appears frequently in literature and is thought to appeal in a universal way | 135 | |
| 6567513549 | Balanced sentence | A sentence in which words, phrases, or clauses are set off against each other to emphasize a contrast | 136 | |
| 6567513550 | Cliche' | An expression that has been overused to the extent that its freshness has worn off | 137 | |
| 6567513551 | Colloquialism | A word or phrase (including slang) used in everyday conversation and informal writing but that is often inappropriate in formal writing (y'all, ain't) | 138 | |
| 6567513552 | Complex sentence | A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause | 139 | |
| 6567513553 | Compound sentence | Contains at least two independent clauses but no dependent clauses. | 140 | |
| 6567513554 | loose (cumulative) sentence | A sentence in which the main independent clause is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases (main clause is at the beginning) | 141 | |
| 6567513555 | Declarative sentence | A sentence that makes a statement or declaration | 142 | |
| 6567513556 | Dialect | A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation. | 143 | |
| 6567513557 | Dilemma | a difficult or perplexing situation or problem requiring a person to decide between two equally attractive or unattractive alternatives | 144 | |
| 6567513558 | Dissonance | harsh, inharmonious sounds | 145 | |
| 6567513559 | Elegy | a sorrowful formal poem or speech about death or another solemn theme | 146 | |
| 6567513560 | Ellipsis | Indicated by a series of three periods, the __ indicates that some material has been omitted from a given text. | 147 | |
| 6567513561 | Epic | A long narrative poem, written in heightened language, which recounts the deeds of a heroic character who embodies the values of a particular society | 148 | |
| 6567513562 | Epigram | A brief witty poem, often satirical. | 149 | |
| 6567513563 | Epigraph | a saying or statement on a title page of a work, or used as a heading for a chapter or other section of a work | 150 | |
| 6567513564 | Epiphany | A moment of sudden revelation or insight | 151 | |
| 6567513565 | Epitaph | a brief statement written on a tomb or gravestone | 152 | |
| 6567513566 | Eulogy | a speech honoring the dead | 153 | |
| 6567513567 | Exclamatory sentence | A sentence expressing strong feeling, usually punctuated with an exclamation mark | 154 | |
| 6567513568 | Expletive | an interjection to lend emphasis; often a profanity | 155 | |
| 6567513569 | Fable | A brief story that leads to a moral, often using animals as characters | 156 | |
| 6567513570 | Fantasy | A story including elements that are impossible or make-believe. | 157 | |
| 6567513571 | Flashback | A method of narration in which present action is temporarily interrupted so that the reader can witness past events | 158 | |
| 6567513572 | Flat character | A character who is not well-developed, but rather one-dimensional ; he/she has only one or two personality traits | 159 | |
| 6567513573 | Foreshadowing | A narrative device that hints at coming events; often builds suspense or anxiety in the reader. | 160 | |
| 6567513574 | Frame device | a story within a story. An example is Chaucer's Canterbury Tales, in which the primary tales are told within the "frame story" of the pilgrimage to Canterbury | 161 | |
| 6567513575 | Hubris | Excessive pride or arrogance that results in the downfall of the protagonist of a tragedy | 162 | |
| 6567513576 | Hypothetical question | a question that asks how a respondent might react in a given situation | 163 | |
| 6567513577 | Idiom | A common, often used expression that doesn't make sense if you take it literally. | 164 | |
| 6567513578 | Implication | A suggestion an author or speaker makes (implies) without stating it directly. NOTE: the author/sender implies; the reader/audience infers. | 165 | |
| 6567513579 | Jargon | specialized technical terminology; a characteristic language of a particular group | 166 | |
| 6567513580 | Juxtaposition | Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts | 167 | |
| 6567513581 | Legend | A narrative story about mythical or supernatural beings or events handed down from the past | 168 | |
| 6567513582 | Limerick | A five line poem in which lines 1, 2 and 5 rhyme and lines 3 and 4 rhyme. | 169 | |
| 6567513583 | Literary license | deviating from normal rules or methods in order to achieve a certain effect | 170 | |
| 6567513584 | Malapropism | the unintentional misuse of a word by confusion with one that sounds similar | 171 | |
| 6567513585 | Maxim | A concise statement, often offering advice; an adage | 172 | |
| 6567513586 | Motif | A recurring element, such as an image, theme, or type of incident. | 173 | |
| 6567513587 | Motivation | A character's incentive or reason for behaving in a certain manner; that which impels a character to act | 174 | |
| 6567513588 | Myth | a traditional story where supernatural characters and events are used to explain a natural event | 175 | |
| 6567513589 | Non sequitur | An argument where claim, reasons and warrants don't connect logically, and one point doesn't follow another. | 176 | |
| 6567513590 | Parenthetical | a comment that interrupts the immediate subject, often to qualify or explain | 177 | |
| 6567513591 | Pathos | Appeal to emotion | 178 | |
| 6567513592 | Logos | Appeal to logic; facts | 179 | |
| 6567513593 | Ethos | Appeal to ethics; credibility | 180 | |
| 6567513594 | Philippic | A bitter verbal attack | 181 | |
| 6567513595 | Pun | Play on words; achieved through the use of words with similar sounds but different meanings | 182 | |
| 6567513596 | Resolution | Also called the denouement, this is the final stage in the plot of a drama or work of fiction. Here the action comes to an end and remaining loose ends are tied up. | 183 | |
| 6567513597 | Round character | A character who demonstrates some complexity and who develops or changes in the course of a work | 184 | |
| 6567513598 | Romantic | 19th century artistic movement that appealed to emotion rather than reason | 185 | |
| 6567513599 | Scapegoat | a person or thing carrying the blame for others | 186 | |
| 6567513600 | Simple sentence | A sentence consisting of one independent clause and no dependent clause | 187 | |
| 6567513601 | Solecism | Nonstandard grammatical usage; a violation of grammatical rules | 188 | |
| 6567513602 | Structure | Arrangement of parts | 189 | |
| 6567513603 | Surrealism | An artistic movement that displayed vivid dream worlds and fantastic unreal images | 190 | |
| 6567513604 | Syllepsis | A construction in which one word is used in two different senses ("After he threw the ball, he threw a fit.") | 191 | |
| 6567513605 | Synesthesia | describing one kind of sensation in terms of another ("a loud color", "a sweet sound") | 192 | |
| 6567513606 | Tautology | needless repetition using different but equivalent words; a redundancy (ex: widow woman, free gift) | 193 | |
| 6567513607 | Trilogy | A group of three literary or musical works that have a related theme | 194 | |
| 6567513608 | Trite | commonplace; overused, stale | 195 | |
| 6567513609 | Vernacular | Everyday language used in a country or region. | 196 | |
| 6567513610 | Archaism | A word, expression, spelling, or phrase that is out of date in the common speech of an era, but still deliberately used by a writer, poet, or playwright for artistic purposes | 197 | |
| 6567513611 | Authorial intrusion | literary device wherein the author penning the story, poem or prose steps away from the text and speaks out to the reader. | 198 | |
| 6567513612 | Idyll | A scene or event of a simple and tranquil nature | 199 | |
| 6567513613 | Socratic irony | someone pretends to be ignorant to expose the ignorance or inconsistency of someone else. | 200 | |
| 6567513614 | Ironic overstatement | when a person exaggerates the character of something. | 201 | |
| 6567513615 | Ironic understatement | when a person undermines the character of something. | 202 | |
| 6567513616 | Melodrama | a play interspersed with songs and orchestral music accompanying the action | 203 | |
| 6567513617 | Absolute metaphor | a metaphor (or figurative comparison) in which one of the terms (the tenor) can't be readily distinguished from the other (the vehicle).Example: "We are the eyelids of defeated caves." | 204 | |
| 6567513618 | Active metaphor | one which is relatively new and has not become part of everyday linguistic usage. The audience knows that a metaphor has been used. | 205 | |
| 6567513619 | Dead metaphor | metaphors that normally go unnoticed or that are cliché | 206 | |
| 6567513620 | Mixed metaphor | a metaphor that combines different images or ideas in a way that is foolish or illogical | 207 | |
| 6567513621 | Submerged metaphor | one in which the vehicle is implied, or indicated by one aspect. Example: "my winged thought". Here, the audience must supply the image of the bird. | 208 | |
| 6567513622 | Neoclassical drama | Neoclassicism covers the period from the end of the English Renaissance in 1642 to the culmination of the French Revolution and the beheading of Louis the XVI in 1793 - in this type of drama, there were either comedies or tragedies - no combination of the two. | 209 | |
| 6567513623 | Implied metaphor | one in which the tenor is not specified but implied. Example: "Shut your trap!" Here, the mouth of the listener is the unspecified tenor. | 210 | |
| 6567513624 | undertone | an attitude that may lie under the ostensible tone of the piece. Under the surface, for example, a work may have threatening undertones | 211 | |
| 6567513625 | anecdote | a short narrative detailing particulars of an interesting episode or event. | 212 |
AP Language and Composition #2 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 8697573426 | Arbiter | A judge who decides a disputed issue | 0 | |
| 8697606508 | Biased | Prejudiced | 1 | |
| 8697614900 | exculpate | To be free from guilt or blame | 2 | |
| 8697626636 | Impartial | Not in favor of one side or the other, unbiased | 3 | |
| 8697713858 | Incontrovertible | Not able to be denied or disputed | 4 | |
| 8697728830 | Integrity | Trustworthiness | 5 | |
| 8697737985 | Objectivity | Treating facts without influence from personal feelings or prejudices | 6 | |
| 8697766814 | Plausible | Seemingly valid or acceptable; crdible | 7 | |
| 8697779321 | Substantiated | Supported with proof or evidence;verified | 8 | |
| 8697800578 | Vindicated | Freed from blame | 9 | |
| 8697814026 | #willbethejudgeofthat | LOL | 10 |
AP Language Vocabulary Set 19 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 8935873877 | Callous | (Adj) insensitive and unfeeling | 0 | |
| 8935873878 | Desultory | (Adj) non-sequiter; jumping from one thing to the next | 1 | |
| 8935873879 | Fledgling | (N) A young bird; metaphorically, a young one | 2 | |
| 8935873880 | Corpulent | (Adj) obese | 3 | |
| 8935873881 | Sodden | (Adj) soaked, saturated | 4 | |
| 8935873882 | Gallant | (Adj) Possessing a brave or chivalrous spirit | 5 | |
| 8935873883 | Quaff | (V) to drink deeply | 6 | |
| 8935873884 | Germane | (Adj) closely or significantly related; relevant; pertinent | 7 | |
| 8935873885 | Malign | (V) to speak evil of, especially to do so falsely and severely | 8 | |
| 8935873886 | Ungainly | (adj) clumsy | 9 |
AP Lang Terms - Language Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 5681533019 | Archaic | The language of an earlier time period which is no longer used | 0 | |
| 5681533020 | Formal | Formal language consists of a dignified, impersonal, and elevated language that follow the rules of syntax exactly and is often characterized by complex words and an educated, formal tone | 1 | |
| 5681533021 | Informal/colloquial | The plain language of everyday use. It often includes idiomatic expressions, slang, colloquialisms, contractions, and many hella simple, common words | 2 | |
| 5681533022 | Jargon | Formal words specific to a specific field or group | 3 | |
| 5681533023 | Slang | Informal language specific to a geographic location | 4 |
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