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Pre AP world history Flashcards

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8545479381monsoonA seasonal wind.0
8545484094VedasAncient Sanskrit writings that are the earliest sacred texts of Hinduism.1
8545486168Indo-AryanIndo-European tribes who moved in slow waves into India in about 1750 B.C.2
8545487342sanskrit(Hinduism) an ancient language of India (the language of the Vedas and of Hinduism)3
8545489357BrahmanA single spiritual god that existed beyond the many gods of the Vedas and that resided in all things4
8545494588Brahmathe creator the first member of the Hindu trinity5
8545498855brahminthe highest of the four classes of the caste system, traditionally made up of priests6
8545500367rajaha Hindu prince or king in India7
8545500369mysticsa person who seeks by contemplation and self-surrender to obtain unity with or absorption into the Deity or the absolute, or who believes in the spiritual apprehension of truths that are beyond the intellect.8
8545503760castea rigid and hereditary social class9
8545511049AtmanIn Hindu belief, a person's essential self10
8545514826MokshaBecoming liberated for the cycle of reincarnation in Hinduism.11
8545514829reincarnationBelief that the individual soul is reborn in a different form after death12
8545518849DharmaIn Hindu belief, a person's religious and moral duties13
8545518850KarmaThe belief that actions in this life, whether good or bad, will decide your place in the next life.14
8545519830AhimsaHindu belief in nonviolence and reverence for all life15
8545521413AvatarA representation of a Hindu god or goddess in human or animal form.16
8545524246MahaviraFounder of Jainism17
8545527857SiddharthaFounder of Buddhism18
8545530238four noble truthsthe four central beliefs containing the essence of Buddhist teaching.19
8545532551Eightfold pathIn Buddhism, the basic rules of behavior and belief leading to an end of suffering20
8545532552nirvanaa condition of great peace or happiness21
8545533683secta subgroup of a major religious group22
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AP World History Chapter Twenty One Notecards Flashcards

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8768316218EnlightenmentA philosophical belief system in eighteenth-century Europe that claimed that one could reform society by discovering rational laws that governed social behavior and were just as scientific as the laws of physics. 21.6020
8768319005Benjamin FranklinAmerican intellectual, inventor, and politician who helped negotiate French support for the American Revolution. 21.6041
8768323600George WashingtonMilitary commander of the American Revolution. He was the first elected president ofthe United States (1789-1799). 21.6082
8768323601Joesph BrandtMohawk leader who supported the British during the American Revolution. 21.6083
8768344532Constitutional ConventionMeeting in 1787 of the elected representatives of the thirteen original states to write the Constitution of the United States. 21.6104
8768356563Estates GeneralFrance's traditional national assembly with representatives of the three estates, or classes, in French society: the clergy, nobility, and commoners. The calling of the Estates General in 1789 led to the French Revolution. 21.6125
8768359266Declaration of the Rights of Man and the CitizenStatement of fundamental political rights adopted by the French National Assembly at the beginning of the French Revolution. 21.6126
8768360791JacobinsRadical republicans during the French Revolution. They were led by Maximilien Robespierre from 1793 to 1794. 21.6147
8768363527Maximilien RobespierreYoung provincial lawyer who led the most radical phases of the French Revolution. His execution ended the Reign of Terror. 21.6148
8768365872Napoleon BonaparteGeneral who overthrew the French Directory in 1799 and became emperor of the French in 1804. Failed to defeat Great Britain and abdicated in 1814. Returned to power briefly in 1815 but was defeated and died in exile. 21.6159
8768369648gens de couleurFree men and women of color in Haiti. They sought greater political rights and later supported the Haitian Revolution. 21.61910
8768369650François Dominique Toussaint L'OuvertureLeader of the Haitian Revolution. He freed the slaves and gained effective independence for Haiti despite military inter- ventions by the British and French. 21.61911
8768374962Congress of ViennaMeeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon I. 21.62112
8768376583Revolutions of 1848Democratic and nationalist revolutions that swept across Europe. The monarchy in France was overthrown. In Germany, Austria, Italy, and Hungary the revolutions failed. 21.62213
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AP World History Strayer Chapter 20 Vocabulary Flashcards

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9509542252World War I*Definition:* The war began with the assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand, rigid alliances led to breakout. *Significance:* New kind of warfare used. It showed that the US can't be isolated. The war resulted in Germany in deep depression and also causing WWII.0
9509542253Treaty of Versailles*Definition:* Treaty imposed on Germany by Allied Powers after the end of WWI (not supported by Senate). *Significance:* Established harsh conditions on losers (Germany) that contributed to WWII.1
9509542254Woodrow Wilson/14 points*Definition:* American president who created the 14 points/ideas of the League of Nations. *Significance:* League failed but later contributed to United Nation ideals, very respected for his views.2
9509542255Great Depression*Definition:* Post WWI, Western capitalism was failing. The American stock market crashed on October 24, 1929 *Significance:* This was one of the reasons that allowed Hitler to gain so much power. The idea of appeasement was created. People became skeptical of capitalism and democracy3
9509542256New Deal*Definition:* President F. Roosevelt's response to the Great Depression. Combinations of reforms seeking to restart economic growth. *Significance:* Created social security, minimum wage, welfare, etc... It brought the US out of the Great Depression.4
9509542258Benito Mussolini*Definition:* Charismatic orator and former journalist, that came to lead Italy (Fascist). Had a army of disappointed veteran and jobless men(Black Shirts). Promised an alternative to democracy and communism. *Significance:* He leads the Italian fascist party in WWII.5
9509542257Fascism*Definition:* Political ideology based on nationalism. Focused on purifying the nation while condemning practices that would weaken the nation (like Democracy and Communism) and embracing traditional values. Appealed to people who didn't like the materialistic ideas and loss of independence of communism and lost faith in in capitalism and democracy. *Significance:* Nazi Germans use this to have total control.6
9509542259Nazi Germany*Definition:* German economy was failing post-WWI so people turned to Nationalist Socialist/Nazi party. (Strong Nationalism). Hitler and the Nazi Party's policies brought Germany out of the Depression. *Significance:* State dedicated to territorial expansion and purification of the German state. A central feature was a racial revolution. (Aryans)7
9509542260Adolf Hitler*Definition:* Leader of Nazi Germany and the Nazi party. Became German chancellor in 1933 giving way to the Third Reich. He quickly strengthened Nazi control on Germany. By the late 1930's had majority support from the population. *Significance:* Germany's head of state in WWII.8
9509542261Revolutionary Right (Japan)*Definition:* Radical Nationalism dedicated to foreign expansion. *Significance:* Movement in a political life marked by extreme nationalism centered around emperor. Militaristic influence in the government. Censorship. Revival of Japanese culture in society and racial purity against foreigners.9
9509542262World War II in Asia*Definition:* Chinese threatened Japan, so Japan joined Germany and Italy. Japan began conquering parts of Asia, while the Western powers ignored until Pear Harbor. U.S. saw Japan as a threat(Anti Japanese immigration Laws) *Significance:* Ended with the US dropping atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.10
9509542263World War II in Europe*Definition:* German aggression by Hitler caused war as they pursued expansion. *Significance:* Fought by Britain and France and had new infantry, tanks, and air power. Destroying European dominance. Allowing for the extension of communism.11
9509542264Total War*Definition:* WWII was the most deadly war (killing 60 million). *Significance:* It exceeded destruction, intensity, brutality, and horrors of WWI.12
9509542265Holocaust*Definition:* The outcome of the Nazi dream to rid Germany of Jews. It was the Mass Murder of 6 million Jews and others that Nazis deemed inferior. *Significance:* Haunts Western World even today. Jews were given the state of Israel.13
9509542266Etty Hillesum*Definition:* Dutch Jewish woman who wrote about her experiences. *Significance:* She wrote about her experience witnessing the Holocaust. She was gassed and killed on November 30th.14
9509542268Marshall*Definition:* The US way of exercising global leadership government initiative to aid in post-World War II restoration of Europe. *Significance:* Efforts to rebuild and reshape shattered European economies. Required European recipients to cooperate with eachother.15
9509542267European Economic Community*Definition:* An alliance formed by Italy, France, W. Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg.(Expanded to 17 countries) *Significance:* Dedicated to developing common trade policies(Like the Euro) and reduced tariffs. Eventually renamed the European Union(EU).16
9509542269NATO*Definition:* North American Treaty Organization. It was a military and political alliance that committed the US to the defense of Europe in Soviet aggression. *Significance:* US vs. The Soviet Union. Another example of US's umbrella of influence.17
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AP World History regions Flashcards

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6932951206ArgentinaLatin america, south america0
6932951207ChinaEast Asia1
6932951208EgyptMiddle East, North Africa2
6932951209GermanyWestern Europe3
6932951210IndiaSouth Asia4
6932951211IranMiddle East5
6932951212KoreaEast Asia6
6932951213MexicoLatin America, North America7
6932951214RussiaEastern Europe8
6932951215VietnamSoutheast Asia9
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AP World History - Final Flashcards

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10041654190What was not one of the major 18th-century wars in Europe?Thirty Years War0
10041654191The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement in which...the methods and questions of the Scientific Revolution were applied to human society1
10041654192What would've John Locke have argued?People have the right to rebel2
10042122602One of Rosseau's most radical ideas was that government...authority could rest on the consent of the government3
10041654193What were the goals of monarchs such as Catherine the Great of Russia and Frederick of Prussia in supporting the Enlightenment?Expansion of local authority over localism, religious institutions, and nobility4
10041654194Napoleon's plan for European conquest was held in cheek by the naval supremacy of ...Britain5
10041654195Woman helped disseminate new political ideas by...*all of the above* ~6
10041654196The Enlightenment's intellectual ferment most deeply influenced...The Middle Class7
10041654197To European intellectuals, Benjamin Franklin showed that America was...a particularly healthy environment for genius8
10041654198In the eighteenth century, the common people of Europe sometimes expressed outrage over...violations of popular customs9
10041654199What 2 related problems did the British face after defeating the French in 1763?Limiting settlements in Amerindian land and imposing taxes10
10041654200The Proclamation of 1763 and the Quebec Act of 1774 was intended to...keep colonists from taking Amerindian land by slowing settlement11
10041654201The American frontier wars of the eighteenth century...did not directly threaten British authority12
10041654202The British angered American colonists by do all except...prohibiting of publication of inflammatory political tracts13
10041654203Which 1770 event radicalized public opinion throughout American colonies?The 'Boston Massacre'14
10041654204Before 1775, which of the following was not one of the tactics with which North American responded to British policies?Declaring war on Britain15
10041654205The Constitutional Convention of 1787 is called the 'Second American Revolution' because...the delegates pushed aside the announced purpose and in secret wrote a new constitution16
10042161208The Constitution was different from the Articles of Confederation in that it...created two house legislature17
10042168514The French Revolution...did not create an enduring form of representative democracy18
10042179137As a result of the French Revolution, King Louis XVI was...beheaded19
10042195578Which members of the French population would have paid taxes in 1785?Wealthy merchants20
10042210723Which of the following did not contribute to the financial crisis that triggered the French Revolution?Failure to collect tithes from the clergy21
10042220102In 1787, the Assembly of the Notables...sought to protect their own interests22
10042231813In 1787, King Louis XVI called a meeting of the Estates General, the French national legislature, because...the French elite would not consent to the new taxes23
10042263968Which French Estate declared itself to be the National Assembly?Third Estate24
10042263969The Tennis Court Oath was...the declaration by the Third Estate that they would not convene again without a constituion25
10042277279In response to economic depression, hunger, and high bread prices in 1789, a Parisian crowd...attacked the Bastille26
10042283550When the Parisian crowd to Versailles, it...demanded to return the royal family to Paris27
10042263970The Declaration of the Right of Man was...a contrast between the king and the National Assembly outlining certain rights28
10042318229The Jacobin members of the National Convention were...middle-class democrats29
10042329408Robespierre was a member of which political party?The Mountain30
10042331870The Reign of Terror...made a new calendar without Sundays31
10042346741Napoleon became Europe's first popular dictator because he...promised order to an exhausted society32
10042358963Despite the dominance of the French military, the British defeated Napoleon's navy in 1805 at...Waterloo33
10042366426Napoleon won the support of the peasantry and the middle class by...rewriting French law to assert equality34
10042438125In the US many owners opened their factories with a commitment to decent wages and housing...but eventually lowered wages and imposed longer hours35
10048314354Business Cycle meant that...Workers' income and employment fluctuated wildly due to the rise and fall in demand for commercial products36
10048766987The early industrial revolution's real beneficiaries were...The middle class37
10048766988In the wealth of nations, Adam Smith proposes that the government should...not intervene in businesses38
10048766989Fredrich List, the German economist, argued that...Germany effectively compete with Britain by erecting tariffs against British imports39
10048766990To address the misery of the poor, French socialists that workers from communities under the protection of business leaders; their views were known as...Positivism40
10048766991Which of the following is not one of the ways in which workers resisted harsh treatment?Frequently assassinating unpopular factory owners41
10048766992The most revolutionary invention of the industrial revolution was Jame Watt's...steam engine42
10048766993In continental Europe, industries such as iron, construction, and machinery were greatly stimulated by...Railroads43
10048766994Urbanization has the greatest impact on ...The poor who came to the city from rural area for work44
10048766995The most obvious change in rural life during the industrial revolution was...The appearance of new roads, canals, and railroads45
10048766996Factory work represented a radical difference from traditional rural work because...*all of these*46
10048766997Industrial work had an enormous effect on the family because...work was now removed from the home and family members were separated all day47
10048766998Women typically earnedone-third to one-half as much as men48
10048766999Single women and married women both worked in factories but for different reasons ...Married women worked if their husbands were unable to support the families49
10048767000When child labor laws began to pass in England,factory owners simply replaced child workers with Irish immigrants, who were cheaper.50
10050751060What new crop contributed to the agricultural revolution?Potato51
10050751061Which of the following is not one of the factors that have Britain a 'head start' in the industrial revolution?It recovered from the plague from the plague more quickly than the rest of Europe52
10050751062Britain's manufacturing deepened on the importance of raw material from its colonies as well as enforced trade. Which of the following was not an area of colonization for Britain?Japan53
10050751063New forms of energy were important for industrialization such as...Steam engines and electricity54
10050751064Why was industrialization more difficult in continental Europe than in Britain?ongoing wars slowed down the diffusion of British technology and discouraged production in industrial revolution55
10050751065'Division of Labor' in manufacturing means...dividing work into specialized and repetitive tasks56
10050751066England began importing raw cotton because...The English parliament banned the importation cotton cloth57
10051043017According to the Chapter what was one of the of the five major contributors to the industrial revolution?Innovation in biochemistry58
10051043018Iron production was transformed by Abraham Darby's discovery that...coke could be used in place of charcoal in the smelting process59
10051043019The Zulu Kingdom arose primarily from...internal conflicts over grazing and farm lands60
10051043020The creation of a unified kingdom in SE Africa under Shaka Zulu intended to...quell unrest over pastoral lands among tribal cheifdoms61
10051043021The Zulu succeeded in...creating a new national identity62
10051043022The African slave trade was perpetuated by...The Sokoto Caliphate63
10051043023Why did the slave trade end?Slave revolts and humanitarian reform movements64
10051043024Africans wanted European manufactured goods, so when slave trade ended they...expanded their 'legitimate trade' by developing new exports65
10051043025The most successful export from West Africa after abolition was...palm oil66
10051043026Eastern Africa was referred to as the 'Secondary States' because they were...not directly controlled by Europeans but were supplied with European weapons67
10051043027Sepoys were Indian troops who...were hired and trained to protect European companies' warehouses68
10051043028What was the British raj?British rule of India69
10051043029What prevented the Sepoy Rebellion in 1858 from becoming a full-scale revolution?No sense of Indian Nationalism70
10051043030Why was the Sepoy Rebellion a turning point in the history of India?India came to be ruled directly by the British government71
10051043031The Indian National Congress initially sought more rights for Indians...by promoting ethnic and religious unity72
10051043032A significant method of instilling nationalism was...establishing schools and universities.73
10051043033The underlying goal of British imperialism in the mid-19th century was to...promote British trade overseas74
10051043034The first British settlers in Australia were...exiled convicts75
10051043035Most indentured servants left their homes because they...hoped to better their economic and social position76
10051043036The 19th century movement that defended the workers against their employers was...The labor union movement77
10051090167Workers around the world primarily sought change...by participating in political systems by voting78
10051090168According to the Marx, the end of worker exploitation would end when...workers became tired of being 'have-nots' and rose in a violent opposition to their oppressors79
10042451429The overthrow of the Venezuelan, Mexican, and Bolivian colonial gov. was initially held by...landowning creoles80
10042460602Who objected to the Junta Central in Spanish America?Loyalists to the King81
10042468192Simon Bolivar created Gran Columbia, which unified...Venezuela, Columbia, and Ecuador into one nation82
10042453008In 1810, Spain's richest most populous American colony was...Mexico83
10042510744The Mexican revolutionaries Jose Maria Morelos and Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla were...priests84
10042522898The Confederation of 1867...created the Dominion of Canada with a central gov. in Ottawa85
10042533112A French army was driven out of Mexico by...Benito Juarez86
10042500960With the end of colonialism in the Americas, Amerindians...were no longer exploited87
10042550761People who wanted slavery to outlawed were called...abolitionists88
10042677975An argument to end slavery was that it was...immoral and violated universal human rights89
10042562482After the profitability of sugar plantations declined, the British...planned opium instead90
10042572935The Women's Rights Convention was held in...Seneca Falls, New York91
10042581142Working-class women transformed gender relations by...working outside the home92
10042596712Because Canada did not allow women to enter the medical school before 1895, that country's first women doctors received their degrees in...Europe93
10042615604The Industrial Revolution created new demand for metal such as copper, zinc, and tin. This led to...a mining boom in the US, Chile, Mexico94
10042627560Which of the following technological improvements did not change the Argentine cattle industry at the end of...Antibiotics95
10042639145The economic success of the US in the 19th century was exemplified by the...*all of these*96
10042656019Much of Cuba's dense forest was cut for...expanding sugar-production97
10042663224A naturalist who worked for environmental preservation was...John Muir98
10042673012When confronted with the choice of economic growth or environmental protection,all nations chose economic growth99
10042719873Which of the following was not among the earliest reforms of the Ottoman Empire?implementation of laws to protect women and children from abuse and abandonment100
10042731620The most persistent opponents of early Ottoman reforms were the...Janissaries101
10042258671Which French Estate declared itself to be the National Assembly?Third Estate102
10042739635The war for Greek independence resulted in...defeat of Ottomans by the combined Russian, British, and French fleets103
10042726314After the war for Greek independence, Mahmud II...created a new artillery unit and bombarded the Janissaries.104
10042761525The Tanzimat proclamations...called for public trials and equal protection under the law105
10042735542The root cause of the Crimean War was...Russia's desire to expand south for naval access to the Mediterranean Sea106
10042799555The Russian gov viewed industrialization...with limited interest, preferring to import industrial goods107
10042819353The process of modernization in Russia in the 19th century was accomplished more smoothly than in the ...*all of these*108
10042835037Intellectuals pressing for the reforms in Russia wanted all of the following except...college education for women109
10042850055When Britain was unable to obtain enough tea to meet its demand and China did not import enough British goods, the British responded by...starting the illicit trade of opium110
10042861100When the Qing banned the movement of importation of opium, the British...sent naval and marine forces to China111
10042873204Which of the following was not a result of the Treaty of Nanking?China was able to retain its protective tariffs to protect fledging industries112
10042890214The stresses that led to the Taiping Rebellion in the Guangxi region were initially a result of ...social unhappiness and foreign instrusion113
10042901258The founder of the Taiping (Great Peace) Movement, Hong Xiquan...was inspired by Christianity114
10042905938Women in the Taiping Rebellion were...organized into military brigades115
10042896217Ch. 25 ~116
10042948489Who was the most famous early 19th century nationalist?Giussepe Mazzani117
10042954994The Revolution of 1884 convinced politicians that..They couldn't keep the people out politics forever118
10042967199Bismarck's plan to unite most German-speaking people into a single state focused on using...industry and nationalism119
10042987980Bismarck gave the vote to all adult males in order to...weaken the influence of middle-class liberals120
10043009526A significant point of dispute between France and Germany was...Germany's seizure of Alsace and Lorraine121
10043032596The British 19th century attitude towards Europe has been called the policy of...'splendid isolation'122
10043041346Why did nationalism fail to unify Russia and Austria-Hungary?their empires included many ethnic and language groups123
10043049127One direct result of the Russo-Japanese War in 1904-1905 was the...popular revolt that forced the creation of Duma and the new constitution124
10043064649In Tokugawa Japan, the political power rested in the hands of the...Shoguns125
10043072563The biggest weakness of the Tokugawa Shogunate was an inability to resist the invasion; therefore...Japan welcomed foreigners and learned from them instead126
10043083931Who demanded that Japan open its ports for refueling and trade?Matthew Perry127
10043090708Leaders of Meiji Japan planned to remain free from Western imperialism by...becoming a world class industrial power128
10043099739The Meiji rulers sought to strengthen Japan by...embracing foreign ideas, institutions, and techniques129
10043108756The Meiji transformed the government and incorporated...European practices in gov, edu, industry, and popular culture130
10043121660One of the most significant reforms undertaken by Japan's Meiji oligarchs was...opening schools to train Japanese students in Western sci and tech131
10043152122Historians use the term 'New Imperialism' to refer to the West's...use of industrial technology to impose its will on the non-industrial world132
10043171072Although industrialization was not new to Europeans, this period was uniquely characterized by...rapid and unprecedented annexations of territory by Western powers133
10043206079Besides conquering large amounts of territory, the New Imperialism was most significant for...creating global economy of suppliers and consumers134
10043219696The Suez Canal inadvertently assisted imperialism by..creating lower shipping costs, stimulating shipping and construction of steamships for those with overseas trade135
10043236121Among the cultural motives for the New Imperialism was a desire to ...*all of these*136
10043255725The colonies offered job opportunities to European women, who often become...wives of indigenous men137
10043258015The major technical advantages influencing European dominance were...communications and nobility138
10043270672One of the greatest barriers to the European invasion of inland African territories was...Falciparum malaria139
10043281539Colonies that were allowed to maintain their own traditional gov with European advisors were called...Secondary Nations140
10043292855The decisions to grant colonies 'home rule', or the autonomy to elect their own parliament usually depended upon...the presence or absence of European settlers141
10043310296A tactic taken by colonial administrations to gain cooperation of indigenous people was to...hire local youths for modern jobs within the new colonial gov. , ensuring loyalty142
10043322473When western women arrived in the colonies they created...a more racist and segregated environment143
10043331641Until the 1870s, Africans ruled 90% if Africa; however within a decade...Europeans invaded and divided Africa in the "scramble for Africa"144
10043344965The major decision of the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 was that Europeans could...only colonize Africa by "effective cooperation"145
10043360611In SE Asia, a rising generation of nationalists was inspired by...awareness of other nationalist and modernizing movements in India, China, and Japan146
10043373994Free-Trade imperialism in Latin America meant...economic dependence instead of direct colonization147
10043352772In order to build the Panama Canal, the US...supported a Panamanian rebellion against Columbia148
10043406179Which of the following was not one of the elements in the treaty of Versailles that angered Germany?high tariffs enacted by the allies149
10043415917How did the Bolsheviks win the civil war in Russia after WW1?through military leadership of Leon Trotsky and the Red Army150
10043438960The communist party of the Soviet Union planned to pay for industrialization by ...squeezing the peasants151
10043450141What were the significant difference between contenders for control of the communist part after Lenin's death in 1924?Stalin wanted to focus on communism establishment in Russia as 'socialism in one country'152
10043462971The German crisis of 1923 was marked by...Germany recklessly printing $$, causing inflammation153
10043473095Japan had...very few natural resources and little arable land154
10043489299What was the result of the Boxer Revolution of 1900?Western powers and Japan captured Beijing and demanded payments155
10043497966What was the mandate system?colonial rulers administrated territories but were held accountable to the League of Nations156
10043514008Before the 20th century, what was the only nation in which women had the right to vote?New Zealand157
10043520806America got involved in WW1 because...sinking of Lusitana158
10043526998Which of the following was not a factor in the starting WW1?Monroe Doctrine159
10043540599What was one of the fundamental weaknesses limiting the development of military strength in Europe?mobilization was dependent on railroads rather then individual motor vehicles160
10043556449The early 20th century system of alliance pitted the British French, and Russians against...Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary161
10043565250Which of the European Nation was least prepared to go to war?Russia162
10043575104Most European nations thought that the war that started in 1914 would...be won by the fastest-moving army and the boldest general163
10043583139A new and potent defensive weapon in WW1 was...The machine gun164
10043585433Women during WW1...joined the work force 'for the duration'165
10043591764During WW1, Africa...provided over a million Africans for armed services166
10043601809Zionism was supported as an official policy by which country?Britain167
10043610649The policy decision that most affected future relations between the Jewish and Palestinian settlers was embodied in...Balfour Declaration168
10043615214The Russian army during the war...was very large but poorly supplied and lead169
10043622576The February Revolution in Russia was led by...Alexander Kerensky170
10043627638Vladamir Lenin was the leader of...Bolsheviks171
10043633074Which of the following was not included in Lenin's plan for Russia?A return to an agrarian society172
10043625206In the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Russia...lost territory, including Poland and Finland173
10043663799Stalin's First Five-Year plan stressed...increases in electricity and heavy industries174
10043672265How did the Nazi takeover of Germany affect Stalin's second 5-Year plan?Stalin intended to produce consumer goods, but decided to produce arms instead175
10043680800At the height of Stalinist terror of the 1930...millions of ordinary citizens were sent to gulags, often for no reason176
10043693595Despite the terror, Soviet women...entered jobs and careers previously closed to them177
10043699017The stock market crash of 1929 turned into ...the deepest, most widespread depression in history178
10043704685The Smoot-Harey Tariff was...a protective tariff on imported goods applied by the US to stimulate the domestic economy179
10043713174What 2 countries were particularly hit by the Depression?Japan and Germany180
10043719667While the Depression effect on non-industrialized countries were uneven, those hardest hits were...those under colonial mandate181
10043730399The South African economy boomed during the Depression because...it was based on agriculture, not industry182
10043741109Which of the following wasn't one of the actions taken by Mussolini?He allowed freedom of press183
10043746359The slogan repeated in Italy was...Il Duce (leader) is always right184
10043752947What did Hitler write while in jail in the 1920s?Mein Kampf185
10043758260Hitler's 'master race' reserved intense hatred for ...Jews186
10043761953Hitler's goal did not include...to divide the Western world from the Eastern by a tripartite pact with Japan187
10043776657Hitler's popularity came in large from the German peoples' belief that...economic well-being out-weighed the loss of liberty188
10043792344In 1935, Mussolini took advantage of the weaknesses of Western democracy and...invaded Ethiopia189
10048314357Many Japanese nationalists thought the answer to the Depression was...to have Japanese colonies190
10048314358Which of the following was not among one of Mao Zedong's policies towards women?He put put women in leadership positions191
10048314359The German Blitzkrieg meant, literallylightning war.192
10048314360The Battle of Britain was conducted primarily by...air attacks193
10048314361The prime motivation for the Japanese invasion of SE Asia was ...its abundant oil and rubber production194
10048314362On Dec. 21, 1941...Japanese planes bombed the US naval base at Pearl Harbor195
10048314363The final defeat of Japan took longer than victory over Germany in large part because...The US had concentrated its efforts on Germany196
10048314364The end of the war in the Pacific arena was controversial because of...The US use of atomic bombs of Hiroshima and Nagasaki197
10048314365Which of the following scientific & technological innovations were not spurred by WW2?machine guns198
10048314366The Holocaust was estimated to have killed ________ Jews.6 M199
10048314367Which group was not murdered by the Nazi in the interest of 'racial purity'?Aryans200
10048314368Which of the following was not a result of increased US production during WW2?the economy performed at a minimal level201
10048314369One of the most significant long lasting consequences of WW2 in the US was the...recruitment of women and minorities into the labor force202
10042782400The significance of the Crimean War was that it...marked the transition to modern warfare with the use of breech-loading rifles203
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Ap world history Flashcards

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5049494862Sumer environmentNo natural barriers Tigris and Euphrates flooding unpredictable Limited natural resources0
5049494863Sumer power and authorityIndependent city States govern by monarch City States united into first empires1
5049494864Sumer science and technologyCuneiform Irrigation Bronze Wheel, sail plow2
5049494865Egypt EnvironmentNile flooding predictable Natural barriers: deserts Nile an easy Transportation link3
5049494866Egypt power and authorityPharaohs ruled as gods Pharaohs built pyramids4
5049494867Egypt science and technologyHieroglyphics Pyramids Mathematics, geometry Medicine5
5049494868Indus valley EnvironmentFlooding unpredictable Natural barriers: mountains, desert Monsoons winds6
5049494869Indus valley power and authorityStrong centralized government Planned cities7
5049494870Indus valley science and technologyNo sort of writing Cities built on precise grid Plumbing and sewage systems8
5049494871China EnvironmentHuang he flooding unpredictable Natural barriers: mountain's, deserts Geographically isolated9
5049494872China power and authorityCommunity and family important Sharp social divisions Mandate of heaven10
5049494873China science and technologyWriting Silk Coin money Cast iron11
5049494874NarmerUnited upper and lower Egypt12
5049494875Hammurabi's codeFirst of laws (very harsh)13
5050310469Sumer in Mesopotamia• Fertile crescent •Hammurabi's code •city States •cuneiform14
5050310470Egypt in North Africa• pharaoh • hieroglyphs • papyrus • delta15
5050310471Indus valley• harappan • monsoon • organized cities • subcontinent16
5050310472Dynasties in China• loess • dynastic cycle • mandate of heaven • oracle bone17
5052374573PolytheismWorship of more than one god18
5052374574TheocracyA system of government by priests claiming a divine commission19
5052374575DynastyRulers from the same family20
5052374576LoessYellowish kind of sand along the water21
5052374577Mandate of heavenThe gods granted emperors to rule22
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AP World History Periodization Flashcards

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68142976226 (1900-Present)The Russian and Ottoman Empires collapse0
68142976232 (600-600)Persian empires create highly centralized empires with the king as a deity1
68142976244 (1450-1750)European Christianity forms syncretic religious beliefs with indigenous Latin American and Caribbean faiths.2
68142976255 (1750-1900)The Russian Empire emancipates serfs in order to create a new labor force3
68142976261 (8000-600)Vedic traditions were codified into patterns of rituals and sacrifices in South Asia4
68142976273 (600-1450)The Chinese invade Vietnam, discover quick ripening champagne rice, and experience a population increase5
68142976285 (1750-1900)A slave revolt in the Caribbean creates a free black republic6
68142976294 (1450-1750)An exchange of crops, culture, animals, and disease pathogens begins between Afro- Eurasia and the Americas7
68142976302 (600-600)Migrating Huns add to the decline of empires in South Asia, East Asia, and Europe8
68142976316 (1900-Present)South Asia is partitioned into two states because of irreconcilable religious differences9
68142976321 (8000-600)Olmecs and Chavin civilizations thrive10
68142976334 (1450-1750)Portugal creates a trading post empire in the India Ocean11
68142976343 (600-1450)Islamic Caliphates first rise12
68142976355 (1750-1900)A substantial number of Asians migrate to the Americas for agricultural labor13
68142976363 (600-1450)Using their longboats, the Vikings raid western Europeans who develop local institutions for security14
68142976372 (600-600)Hellenism spreads to Central Asia and forms syncretic cultures there15
68142976383 (600-1450)Chinese and Roman civilizations each combined innovations with their own proven traditions to make more enduring political systems16
68142976394 (1450-1750)New radical classifications, such as mestizo, mulatto, and creole, emerge in colonial Latin America17
68142976405 (1750-1900)The Tanzimat Reform in the Ottoman Empire provokes conservatives by its attempt to secularize education and define society as a collection of individuals equal before the law18
68142976416 (1900-Present)Human population increases due to medical and scientific advances such as antibiotics and polio vaccinations19
68142976422 (600-600)Migrations into South Asia spread religious ideas and rituals associated with Vedic poetry and song20
68142976434 (1450-1750)The Spanish, Dutch, French, and British establish sea- based empires in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans21
68142976445 (1750-1900)Migration leads to cultural enclaves in major urban areas. They often experience legal discrimination.22
68142976453 (600-1450)Eurasian no ands create the largest contiguous empire in history. Silk Road is revived23
68142976466 (1900-Present)Women's suffrage movements are successful in Europe and North America24
68142976471 (8000-600)Zoroastrianism and Hebrew Monotheism form25
68142976485 (1750-1900)A second wave of imperialism pushes Europeans to colonize the continent of Africa and to protect power in much of Asia26
68142976494 (1450-1750)Networks of communication and exchange become truely global27
68142976506 (1900-Present)The most rapid and numerous independence movement in history occurs, some through armed conflict, others through negotiations28
68142976512 (600-600)The Cities of Persepolis, Carthage, Rome, Chang'an, and Tenochtitlan serve as major centers of trade and political administration29
68142976521 (8000-600)Pastorialism and agriculture emerge and increase human populations30
68142976535 (1750-1900)Groups such as the Marathas in South Asia and the Taiping in East Asia challenge imperial rule31
68142976543 (600-1450)As women gain some economic rights in European guilds, the yoke of patriarchy becomes more intense in China32
68142976556 (1900-Present)Religious fundamentalism forms in the Americas and Middle East as reactions to, respectively, new scientific theories and political frustrations33
68142976564 (1450-1750)In several major civilizations, there are changes in the power of elites who serve as intermediaries between the ruler and the ruled (I.e, zamindars, boyars)34
68142976572 (600-600)Confucianism is adopted as the official state ideology for entry into China's bureaucracy35
68142976586 (1900-Present)Experiments in state managed economies take place in China and Russia36
68142976594 (1450-1750)Rather than a unified Dar al Islam, Muslim civilization is characterized by several empires strengthened by their use of firearms37
68142976603 (600-1450)Major trade cities include Novgorod, Timbuktu, Malacca, and Kilwa38
68142976615 (1750-1900)Banana Republics, whose economies focused on a single export, formed in Latin America39
68142976623 (600-1450)Eurasian land trade routes continue but are surpassed in volume by maritime routes in the Indian Ocean40
68142976635 (1750-1900)Slavery is replaced by indentured servitude as the primary source of agricultural labor in he Americas41
68142976641 (8000-600)Production of pottery, textiles and metallurgy skills first appear42
68142976654 (1450-1750)European merchants in Southeast Asia must depend upon Asian women to gain access to trades43
68142976662 (600-600)Buddhism spreads into Central and Southeast Asia due to government edicts, missionaries and relics44
68142976676 (1900-Present)Pro-democracy movements are successful in Eastern Europe but crushed in East Asia45
68142976683 (600-1450)The Grand Canal, a major state funded project to stimulate the economy, is created by the Sui dynasty in China46
68142976691 (8000-600)The development of systems of writing lead to literary traditions, such as the Rig Veda and Homer's Epics47
68142976703 (600-1450)After the battle of Talas, paper technology spreads from the Chinese to the Muslims48
68142976715 (1750-1900)After being humiliated by the British, China experiences a massive millenarian rebellion against the rule of foreign Manchus49
68142976726 (1900-Present)Global power structure is characterized by a bi-polar struggle between opposing economic ideologies50
68142976733 (600-1450)After Muhammad's visions, Islam unifies Arab people and creates a durable monotheistic civilization51
68142976744 (1450-1750)An influx of American silver funds monumental architecture in Mughal India, such as the Taj Mahal52
68142976753 (600-1450)Arabic numerals and Greek scholarship pass to Europe after Christian military campaigns to take Jerusalem from Muslims53
68142976765 (1750-1900)National identities form out of common cultural, ethnic, linguistic, or religious traits54
68142976771 (8000-600)Civilizations emerge mainly in river valleys55
68142976783 (600-1450)On Lake Texcoco, the Aztecs build a decentralized state based on the collection of tribute and an agricultural system situated on raised islands called chinampas56
68142976794 (1450-1750)China experiences a population surge due to the transplanting of American crops and the global flow of American silver57
68142976803 (600-1450)Invasions, disease, and a "Little Ice Age" decimate Eurasian urban centers, which later recover after improvements in transportation, rising commerce, and the end of invasions58
68142976815 (1750-1900)Enlightenment ideas about liberty and political legitimacy lead to independence movements and revolutions in Europe and the Americas59
68142976823 (600-1450)China and the Byzantine Empire experience significant revolts of free peasants60
68142976836 (1900-Present)Global commerce is so interconnected that states become less relevant61
68142976842 (600-600)Greek colonies facilitate an exchange of commerce and culture in the Mediterranean62
68142976854 (1450-1750)Europeans learn the astrolabe from Muslims, develop the caravel, and navigate around the southern tip of Africa63
68142976863 (600-1450)Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta travel and interpret the world through their cultural lenses64
68142976874 (1450-1750)Colonial economies in the Americas depend on a wide range of coerced labor65
68142976882 (600-600)The Eurasian Silk Roads are the dominant trade system in the world66
68142976895 (1750-1900)Japan is pulled out of its isolation, quickly industrializes, and is accepted as an equal power by the empires of Europe67
68142976906 (1900-Present)Trading blocks of nations form; global organizations emerge to facilitate trade68
68142976914 (1450-1750)The Manchus overthrow the Ming and establish the Qing dynasty in China69
68142976923 (600-1450)Buddhist and Daoist ideas blend with Confucianism to form Neo-Confucianism, the new state ideology in China70
68142976935 (1750-1900)Massive urbanization and industrialization in Europe lead to smaller families and lower fertility rates71
68142976945 (1750-1900)The need of the "Second Industrial Revolution" lead to copper mining operations in Mexico72
68142976952 (600-600)Nestorian Christianity spreads to China and Mahayana Buddhism spreads across Eurasian trade routes. Both experience cultural syncretism73
68142976965 (1750-1900)Industrial production is critiqued by both economic liberals and communist74
68142976975 (1750-1900)The Self-Strengthening Movement is not successful in reforming China75
68142976982 (600-600)The first centralized government rises in China76
68142976995 (1750-1900)Ottoman and Chinese civilizations must balance industrial reform with their traditional identities77
68142977005 (1750-1900)Sepoys revolt against British rule in India78
68142977012 (600-600)Daoism influences Chinese culture in the areas of architecture, poetry, and medical practices79
68142977021 (8000-600)Surpluses of food first lead to stratified, patriarchal societies80
68142977035 (1750-1900)Colonization is intensified by evolutionary theories of race81
68142977044 (1450-1750)The Ottoman army, based on conscripted janissaries, clash with their Shia Safavid82
68142977053 (600-1450)A collection of city-states along the east coast of Africa reach their peak in the Indian Ocean trade83
68142977062 (600-600)Mauryans develop a centralized state in South Asia; the Gupta create advanced numbering system and mathematics84
68142977073 (600-1450)Trade is facilitated by paper currency in Asia, and bills of exchange and credit in the Dar al Islam85
68142977084 (1450-1750)The new Russian Empire encourages peasant settlement into its eastern regions86
68142977096 (1900-Present)Global conflicts reap unprecedented civilian casualties87
68142977102 (600-600)Christianity and Buddhism are codified in core civilizations while shamanism and animism continue to thrive outside of them88
68142977113 (600-1450)Polynesians, Arabs and Bantu people migrate, spreading their languages and food89
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315-322 AP World History Flashcards

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5554822953BaburDescendant of Timur and Genghis Khan who founded the Mughal Empire.0
5554826671Mughal EmpireAn empire founded in 1526 by Babur, a mixture of Mongol and Turkish peoples from central Asia. Dominated India until the early 1700's. continued to rule in name until 18581
5554837954AkbarGrandson of Babur who ruled from 1556-1605. The Mughal empire reached its height in power and influence.2
5554839844Taj MahalA building of breathtaking beauty built of White Marble inlaid with precious stones. Built for Mumtaz Mahal wife of Shah Jahan. He intended to build a solid black marble one next to hers but was overthrown by his son and is buried in his wife's building3
5554842401satiHindu practice where by the widows commit suicide by jumping into their husbands funeral pyres. It was outlawed by Akbar and Shah Jahan.4
5554842402purdahupper class women more strictly enforced this seclusion of women by rarely venturing outside their homes unescorted5
5554845417Divine FaithA religion created by Akbar that combined Muslim, Hindu, Zoroastrian, Christian, and Sikh beliefs. Did not take off and was obsolete before Akbar died.6
5554845418Nanuk(1469-1539) First guru stressed meditation as a means of seeking enlightenment and drew upon his Islamic and Hindu beliefs.7
5554847779guruReligious leader of Sikhism8
5554848184SikhismA new religion that stressed meditation as a means of seeking enlightenment. Mixed Hindu and Islamic religions.9
5554851253Army of the Purean army of Sikh people led by the 10th Guru against the Mughal army to avenge the killing of his father the 9th guru.10
5554864960Fatehpur SikriAkbar's entirely new capital city. it was abandoned after Akbar's death. showcased the Mughal's love of magnificent architecture.11
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