AP World History: Egyptian Engineering Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 7812281711 | Pyramids | a structure whose outer surfaces are triangular and converge to a single point at the top; made of stone |  | 0 |
| 7812289795 | Tomb | a large vault used to bury the dead |  | 1 |
| 7812295911 | Mummification | the process of preserving a body for the afterlife |  | 2 |
| 7812307286 | Fortess | used to showcase the strength of Egypt and protect the borders of Nubia, had three layers of defense |  | 3 |
| 7812327495 | Obelisks | ancient structure used to send messages to the gods |  | 4 |
| 7812340372 | Capital city at Armana | used as Egypts capital, went up very quickly by using smaller limestones | 5 | |
| 7812357028 | Valley of the Kings | The cemetery for the pharaohs to honor the those buried there |  | 6 |
Flashcards
AP World History - Period 3 Flashcards
The Post-Classical World, 500-1450
Terms : Hide Images
| 10430109146 | Dhows | Arab sailing vessels; equipped with lateen sails; used by Arab merchants | 0 | |
| 10430109147 | Seljuk Turks | nomadic invaders from central Asia; staunch Sunnis; ruled from the 11th c. in the name of the Abbasids | 1 | |
| 10430109148 | Mongols | central Asian nomadic peoples; captured Baghdad in 1258 and killed the last Abbasid caliph | 2 | |
| 10430109149 | Chinggis Khan | (1162-1227); Mongol ruler; defeated the Turkish Persian kingdoms | 3 | |
| 10430109150 | Kublai Khan | Ruler of the Yuan Dynasty who unsuccessfully attempted to invade Japan twice | 4 | |
| 10430109151 | Shrivijaya | trading empire based on the Malacca straits; its Buddhist government resisted Muslim missionaries; when it fell, southeastern Asia was opened to Islam | 5 | |
| 10430109152 | Malacca | flourishing trading city in Malaya; established a trading empire after the fall of Shrivijaya | 6 | |
| 10430109153 | Mali | A kingdom founded along the Niger River. It grew wealthy from its deposits of gold along with its taxation of trade through the region. Its most important city was Timbuktu | 7 | |
| 10430109154 | Ibn Battuta | Muslim scholar from Morocco who traveled to North Africa, the Horn of Africa, West Africa, Middle East, India, Central Asia, Southeast Asia and China. | 8 | |
| 10430109160 | Mansa Musa | African King who made a pilgrimage to Mecca and caused inflation by passing out gold along his route. He built mosques and spread Islam from his kingcom | 9 | |
| 10430109155 | Songhay | successor state to Mali; dominated middle reaches of the Niger valley; capital at Gao | 10 | |
| 10430109156 | Zimbawe | powerful East AFrican kingdom that grew wealthy from trade with Swahili city-states and Indian Ocean traders. It was known for its large stone wall used for defensive purposes. | 11 | |
| 10430109161 | Swahili | A synchretic language that developed along Africa's East coast from a combination of Arabic and Bantu. | 12 | |
| 10430109162 | Griot | African religious leaders that passed histories down through generations through oral story-telling and songs. | 13 | |
| 10430109157 | Tatars | Mongols who conquered Russian cities during the 13th c; left Russian church and aristocracy intact | 14 | |
| 10430109158 | Trung Sisters | leaders of a rebellion in Vietnam against Chinese rule in 39 CE; demonstrates importance of women in Vietnamese society | 15 | |
| 10430109159 | Golden Horde | one of four regional subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after death of Chinggis Khan; conquered and ruled Russia during the 13th and 14th c | 16 | |
| 10430109170 | Silk Road Trade system |  | 17 | |
| 10430109171 | Sand roads |  | 18 | |
| 10430109172 | Indian Ocean Maritime Trade |  | 19 | |
| 10430109163 | Inca and Rome both had | extensive road systems | 20 | |
| 10430109173 | Bantu Migrations |  | 21 | |
| 10430109164 | terraced farming | A similarity in the Tong and Inca empires. Designed to solve the problem of growing food in mountainous regions. | 22 | |
| 10430109165 | Marco Polo | traveler/merchant from Italy who spend 17 years at court of Kublai Khan and wrote an exaggerated account of his journey in his book "Travels." | 23 | |
| 10430109166 | Chinampas | Raised fields constructed in lakes by Aztecs to increase agricultural yields. | 24 | |
| 10430109167 | Quipus | Inca system of record keeping using knots in several strands of strings worn around the waist | 25 | |
| 10430109168 | Chichen Itza | Large Mayan temple complex which included a ceremonial ball court. | 26 | |
| 10430109169 | Pax Mongolica | Allowed for renewed opening of trade routes in Central Asia | 27 | |
| 10430109174 | Dhow |  | 28 | |
| 10430109175 | longship |  | 29 |
AP World History Period 2 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 9936611588 | Ahura Mazda | In Zoroastrianism, the good god who rules the world. |  | 0 |
| 9936611589 | Alexander the Great | Alexander III of Macedon (356-323 B.C.E.), conqueror of the Persian Empire and part of northwest India. |  | 1 |
| 9936611590 | Aryans | Indo-European pastoralists who moved into India about the time of the collapse of the Indus Valley civilization; their role in causing this collapse is still debated by historians. |  | 2 |
| 9936611591 | Ashoka | The most famous ruler of the Mauryan Empire (r. 268-232 B.C.E.), who converted to Buddhism and tried to rule peacefully and with tolerance. |  | 3 |
| 9936611592 | Caesar Augustus | The great-nephew and adopted son of Julius Caesar who emerged as sole ruler of the Roman state at the end of an extended period of civil war (r. 31 B.C.E.-14 C.E.). |  | 4 |
| 9936611593 | Cyrus (the Great) | Founder of the Persian Empire (r. 557-530 B.C.E.); a ruler noted for his conquests, religious tolerance, and political moderation. |  | 5 |
| 9936611594 | Darius I | Great king of Persia (r. 522-486 B.C.E.) following the upheavals after Cyrus's death; completed the establishment of the Persian Empire. |  | 6 |
| 9936611595 | Greco-Persian Wars | Two major Persian invasions of Greece, in 490 B.C.E. and 480 B.C.E., in which the Persians were defeated on both land and sea. |  | 7 |
| 9936611596 | Gupta Empire | An empire of India (320-550 C.E.). |  | 8 |
| 9936611597 | Han dynasty | Chinese dynasty that restored unity in China softened legalist policies. Begun in 202 B.C. by Liu Bang, the Han ruled China for more than 400 years. |  | 9 |
| 9936611598 | Hellenistic era | The period from 323 to 30 B.C.E. in which Greek culture spread widely in Eurasia in the kingdoms ruled by Alexander's political successors. |  | 10 |
| 9936611599 | Herodotus | Greek historian known as the "father of history" (ca. 484-ca. 425 B.C.E.). His Histories enunciated the Greek view of a fundamental divide between East and West, culminating in the Greco-Persian Wars of 490-480 B.C.E. | 11 | |
| 9936611600 | hoplite | A heavily armed Greek infantryman. Over time, the ability to afford a military wares and to fight for the city came to define Greek citizenship. |  | 12 |
| 9936611601 | Ionia | The territory of Greek settlements on the coast of Anatolia; the main bone of contention between the Greeks and the Persian Empire. |  | 13 |
| 9936611602 | Mandate of Heaven | The ideological underpinning of Chinese emperors, this was the belief that a ruler held authority by command of divine force as long as he ruled morally and benevolently. |  | 14 |
| 9936611603 | Battle of Marathon | Athenian victory over a Persian invasion in 490 B.C.E. | 15 | |
| 9936611604 | Mauryan Empire | A major empire (322-185 B.C.E.) that encompassed most of India. | 16 | |
| 9936611605 | Patricians | Wealthy, privileged Romans who dominated early Roman society. | 17 | |
| 9936611606 | Pax Romana | The "Roman peace," a term typically used to denote the stability and prosperity of the early Roman Empire, especially in the first and second centuries C.E. |  | 18 |
| 9936611607 | Peloponnesian War | Great war between Athens (and allies) and Sparta (and allies), lasting from 431 to 404 B.C.E. The conflict ended in the defeat of Athens and the closing of Athens's Golden Age. |  | 19 |
| 9936611608 | Persepolis | The capital and greatest palace-city of the Persian Empire, destroyed by Alexander the Great. |  | 20 |
| 9936611609 | Persian Empire | A major empire that expanded from the Iranian plateau to incorporate the Middle East from Egypt to India; flourished from around 550 to 330 B.C.E. | 21 | |
| 9936611610 | Plebians | Poorer, less privileged Romans who gradually won a role in Roman politics. | 22 | |
| 9936611611 | Punic Wars | Three major wars between Rome and Carthage in North Africa, fought between 264 and 146 B.C.E., that culminated in Roman victory and control of the western Mediterranean. | 23 | |
| 9936611612 | Qin Dynasty | A short-lived (221-206 B.C.E.) but highly influential Chinese dynasty that succeeded in reuniting China at the end of the Warring States period. |  | 24 |
| 9936611613 | Qin Shihuangdi | Literally "first emperor" (r. 221-210 B.C.E.) forcibly reunited China and established a strong and repressive state. | 25 | |
| 9936611614 | Solon | Athenian statesman and lawmaker (fl. 594-560 B.C.E.) whose reforms led the Athenians toward democracy. | 26 | |
| 9936611615 | Wudi | Han emperor (r. 141-86 B.C.E.) who began the Chinese civil service system by establishing an academy to train imperial bureaucrats. | 27 | |
| 9936611616 | Xiongnu | Nomadic peoples to the north of the Great Wall of China who were a frequent threat to the stability of the Chinese state. | 28 | |
| 9936611617 | Aristotle | A Greek polymath philosopher (384-322 B.C.E.); student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. | 29 | |
| 9936611618 | Atman | The human soul, which in classic Hindu belief seeks union with Brahman. | 30 | |
| 9936611619 | Bhagavad Gita | A great Hindu epic text, part of the much larger Mahabharata, which affirms the performance of caste duties as a path to religious liberation. | 31 | |
| 9936611620 | Brahman | The "World Soul" or final reality in upanishadic Hindu belief. | 32 | |
| 9936611621 | Brahmins | The priestly caste of India. | 33 | |
| 9936611622 | Buddhism | The cultural/religious tradition first enunciated by Siddhartha Gautama | 34 | |
| 9936611623 | Confucianism | The Chinese philosophy first enunciated by Confucius, advocating the moral example of superiors as the key element of social order. | 35 | |
| 9936611624 | Confucius | The founder of Confucianism (551-479 B.C.E.); an aristocrat of northern China who proved to be the greatest influence on Chinese culture in its history. | 36 | |
| 9936611625 | Constantine | Roman emperor (r. 306-337 C.E.) whose conversion to Christianity paved the way for the triumph of Christianity in Europe. |  | 37 |
| 9936611626 | Daodejing | The central text of Daoism; translated as The Way and Its Power. | 38 | |
| 9936611627 | Daoism | A Chinese philosophy/popular religion that advocates simplicity and understanding of the world of nature, founded by the legendary figure Laozi. | 39 | |
| 9936611628 | Filial piety | The honoring of one's ancestors and parents, a key element of Confucianism. | 40 | |
| 9936611629 | Greek rationalism | A secularizing system of scientific and philosophic thought that developed in classical Greece in the period 600 to 300 B.C.E.; it emphasized the power of education and human reason to understand the world in nonreligious terms. | 41 | |
| 9936611630 | Hinduism | A word derived from outsiders to describe the vast diversity of indigenous Indian religious traditions. | 42 | |
| 9936611631 | Hippocrates | A very influential Greek medical theorist (ca. 460-ca. 370 B.C.E.); regarded as the father of medicine. | 43 | |
| 9936611632 | Jesus of Nazareth | The prophet/god of Christianity(ca. 4 B.C.E.-ca. 30 C.E.). | 44 | |
| 9936611633 | Yahweh | A form of the Hebrew name of God used in the Bible. The monotheistic religion developed by the Hebrews, emphasizing a sole personal god with concerns for social justice. | 45 | |
| 9936611634 | Karma | In Hinduism, the determining factor of the level at which the individual is reincarnated, based on purity of action and fulfillment of duty in the prior existence. |  | 46 |
| 9936611635 | Laozi | A legendary Chinese philosopher of the sixth century B.C.E.; regarded as the founder of Daoism. | 47 | |
| 9936611636 | Legalism | A Chinese philosophy distinguished by an adherence to clear laws with vigorous punishments. | 48 | |
| 9936611637 | Mahayana | "Great Vehicle," the popular development of Buddhism in the early centuries of the Common Era, which gives a much greater role to supernatural beings and proved to be more popular than original (Theravada) Buddhism. | 49 | |
| 9936611638 | Moksha | In Hindu belief, liberation from separate existence and union with Brahman. | 50 | |
| 9936611639 | Nirvana | The end goal of Buddhism, in which individual identity is "extinguished" into a state of serenity and great compassion. | 51 | |
| 9936611640 | Plato | A disciple of Socrates whose Dialogues convey the teachings of his master while going beyond them to express Plato's own philosophy; lived from 429 to 348 B.C.E. | 52 | |
| 9936611641 | Pythagoras | A major Greek philosopher (ca. 560-ca. 480 B.C.E.) who believed that an unchanging mathematical order underlies the apparent chaos of the world. | 53 | |
| 9936611642 | Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha) | The Indian prince turned ascetic (ca. 566-ca. 486 B.C.E.) who founded Buddhism. | 54 | |
| 9936611643 | Socrates | The first great Greek philosopher to turn rationalism toward questions of human existence (469-399 B.C.E.). | 55 | |
| 9936611644 | Theravada | "The Teaching of the Elders," the early form of Buddhism according to which the Buddha as a wise teacher but not divine and which emphasizes practices rather than beliefs. | 56 | |
| 9936611645 | Upanishads | Indian mystical and philosophical works, written between 800 and 400 B.C.E. | 57 | |
| 9936611646 | Vedas | The earliest religious texts of India, a collection of ancient poems, hymns, and rituals that were transmitted orally before being written down ca. 600 B.C.E. | 58 | |
| 9936611647 | Warring States Period | Period in China from 403 to 221 B.C.E. that was typified by disorder and political chaos. | 59 | |
| 9936611648 | Yin and Yang | Expression of the Chinese belief in the unity of opposites. | 60 | |
| 9936611649 | Zarathustra | A Persian prophet, traditionally dated to the sixth or seventh century B.C.E. (but perhaps much older), who founded Zoroastrianism. | 61 | |
| 9936611650 | Zoroastrianism | Persian monotheistic religion founded by the prophet Zarathustra. | 62 | |
| 9936611651 | caste as varna and jati | The system of social organization in India that has evolved over millennia; it is based on an original division of the populace into four inherited classes, with the addition of thousands of social distinctions based on occupation, which became the main cell of social life in India. | 63 | |
| 9936611652 | dharma | In Indian belief, performance of the duties appropriate to an individual's caste; good performance will lead to rebirth in a higher caste. | 64 | |
| 9936611653 | helots | The dependent, semi-enslaved class of ancient Sparta whose social discontent prompted the militarization of Spartan society. | 65 | |
| 9936611654 | Kshatriya | The Indian social class of warriors and rulers. | 66 | |
| 9936611655 | latifundia | Huge estates operated by slave labor that flourished in parts of the Roman Empire | 67 | |
| 9936611656 | Pericles | A prominent and influential statesman of ancient Athens (ca. 495-429 B.C.E.); presided over Athens's Golden Age. | 68 | |
| 9936611657 | scholar-gentry class | A term used to describe members of China's landowning families, reflecting their wealth from the land and the privilege that they derived as government officials. | 69 | |
| 9936611658 | Sudra | The lowest Indian social class of varna; regarded as servants of their social betters; eventually included peasant farmers | 70 | |
| 9936611659 | the "three submissions" | In Chinese Confucian thought, the notion that a woman is permanently subordinate to male control: first that of her father, then of her husband, and finally of her son. | 71 | |
| 9936611660 | Untouchables | An Indian social class that emerged below the Sudras and whose members performed the most unclean and polluting work. | 72 | |
| 9936611661 | Vaisya | The Indian social class that was originally defined as farmers but eventually comprised merchants. | 73 | |
| 9936611662 | Axum | Classical-era kingdom of East Africa, in present-day Eritrea and northern Ethiopia; flourished from 100 to 600 C.E. and adopted Christianity. | 74 | |
| 9936611663 | Bantu expansion | Gradual migration of peoples from their homeland in what is now southern Nigeria and the Cameroons into most of eastern and southern Africa, a process that began around 3000 B.C.E. and continued for several millennia. The agricultural techniques and ironworking technology of these farmers gave them an advantage over the gathering and hunting peoples they encountered. | 75 | |
| 9936611664 | Coptic Christianity | The Egyptian variety of Christianity, distinctive in its belief that Christ has only a single, divine nature. | 76 | |
| 9936611665 | Silk Road | Trade route stretching from China into Europe. | 77 | |
| 9936611666 | syncretism | a blending of beliefs and practices from different religions into one faith | 78 | |
| 9936611667 | monasticism | The lifestyle of a monk or nun, characterized by prayer and solitude | 79 |
AP World History Unit 2 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 5140626722 | Caste System | a class structure that is determined by birth. Loosely, it means that in some societies, if your parents are poor, you're going to be poor, too. Same goes for being rich | 0 | |
| 5140626723 | Patriarchy | A male dominated society |  | 1 |
| 5140626724 | Matriarchal | A female dominated society |  | 2 |
| 5140626725 | Mandate of Heaven | an ancient Chinese belief and philosophical idea that tiān (heaven) granted emperors the right to rule based on their ability to govern well and fairly. |  | 3 |
| 5140626726 | Silk Road | an ancient network of trade and cultural transmission routes that were central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent connecting the West and East by merchants, pilgrims, monks, soldiers, nomads, and urban dwellers from China and India to the Mediterranean Sea | 4 | |
| 5140626727 | Social Heirarchy | how individuals and groups are arranged in a relatively linear ladder |  | 5 |
| 5140626728 | Reincarnation | the rebirth of a soul in a new body. | 6 | |
| 5140626729 | Assimilation | The process by which a person or persons acquire the social and psychological characteristics of a group |  | 7 |
| 5140626730 | Monotheistic | The belief in only one god | 8 | |
| 5140626731 | Eightfold Path | the path to nirvana, comprising eight aspects in which an aspirant must become practiced: right views, intention, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration. | 9 | |
| 5140626732 | Zoroanstrianism | one of the world's oldest monotheistic religions. It was founded by the Prophet Zoroaster in ancient Iran approximately 3500 years ago. | 10 | |
| 5140626733 | Greek Philosophy | the rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics |  | 11 |
| 5140626734 | Polytheistic | The belief in many gods | 12 | |
| 5140626735 | Legalism | strict adherence, or the principle of strict adherence, to law or prescription, especially to the letter rather than the spirit. | 13 | |
| 5140626736 | Confucianism | a system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius. | 14 | |
| 5140626737 | Buddhism | is a nontheistic religion or philosophy (Sanskrit: dharma; Pali: धम्म dhamma) that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha, commonly known as the Buddha ("the awakened one"). | 15 | |
| 5140626738 | Islam | the religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah. | 16 | |
| 5140626739 | Judaism | an ancient monotheistic religion, with the Torah as its foundational text (part of the larger text known as the Tanakh or Hebrew Bible), and supplemental oral tradition represented by later texts such as the Midrash and the Talmud. | 17 | |
| 5140626740 | Christianity | the religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its beliefs and practices. | 18 | |
| 5140626741 | Daoism | a philosophical, ethical or religious tradition of Chinese origin, or faith of Chinese exemplification, that emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao. | 19 | |
| 5140626742 | Han Dynasty | an empire in ancient China, that lasted from 206 b.c.e- 24 c.e. | 20 | |
| 5140626743 | Persia | an empire located in modern day Iran but stretched as far as Egypt and Iraq. | 21 | |
| 5140626744 | Gupta | an empire located in northern India that lasted from 320-550 c.e. | 22 | |
| 5140626745 | Ancient Egypt | an empire that lasted for 3000 years | 23 | |
| 5140626746 | Roman empire | located in modern day Italy but expanded to outlying countries throughout its reign, it lasted from 201 b.c.e- 476 c.e. | 24 | |
| 5140626747 | Maya | located in modern day central america, it lasted from 1800 b.c.e- 250 c.e. | 25 | |
| 5140626748 | State | A body of people living in a defined territory who have a government with the power to make and enforce law without the consent of any higher authority | 26 | |
| 5140626749 | Empire | an extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority. | 27 | |
| 5140626750 | Hebrew Scriptures | Torah, Old Testament | 28 | |
| 5140626751 | Assyrian Empire | this empire covered much of what is now Mesopotamia, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and Anatolia; its height was during the seventh and eighth centuries BCE. | 29 | |
| 5140626752 | Babylonian Empire | Empire in Mesopotamia which was formed by Hammurabi, the sixth ruler of the invading Amorites. | 30 | |
| 5140626753 | Roman Empire | Existed from 27 BCE to about 400 CE. Conquiered entire Mediterranean coast and most of Europe. Ruled by an emperor. Eventually oversaw the rise and spread of Christianity. | 31 | |
| 5140626754 | Vedic Religions | Core beliefs in sanskrit scriptures; Hinduism; influence of Indo-European traditions in the development of the social and political roles of a caste system; importance of multiple manifestations of Brahma to promote teachings about reincarnation. | 32 | |
| 5140626755 | Hinduism | A religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms | 33 | |
| 5140626756 | Mauryan Empire | (321-185 BCE) This was the first centralized empire of India whose founder was Chandragupta Maurya. | 34 | |
| 5140626757 | Ashoka | Leader of the Mauryan dynasty of India who conquered most of India but eventually gave up violence and converted to Buddhism. | 35 | |
| 5140626758 | Siddhartha Gautama (The Buddha) | Means "Enlightened One." He is said to have renounced his worldly possessions and taught of a way to overcome suffering. | 36 | |
| 5140626759 | Emperor Constantine | Founded Constantinople; best known for being the first Christian Roman Emperor; issued the Edit of Milan in 313, granting religious toleration throughout the empire. | 37 | |
| 5140626760 | Buddha |  | 38 | |
| 5140626761 | Shiva |  | 39 | |
| 5140626762 | Brahma |  | 40 | |
| 5140626763 | Vishnu |  | 41 | |
| 5140626764 | Darius I |  | 42 | |
| 5140626765 | Alexander the Great |  | 43 | |
| 5140626766 | Parthenon |  | 44 | |
| 5140626767 | Gupta Empire | (320-550 CE) The decentralized empire that emerged after the Mauryan Empire, and whose founder is Chandra Gupta. | 45 | |
| 5140626768 | Pantheon |  | 46 | |
| 5140626769 | Aqueduct |  | 47 | |
| 5140626770 | Colosseum |  | 48 | |
| 5140626771 | Silk Road | | 49 | |
| 5140626772 | filial piety | In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and respect for one's parents and ancestors. | 50 | |
| 5140626773 | monasticism | A way of life in which men and women withdraw from the rest of the world in order to devote themselves to their faith | 51 | |
| 5140626774 | ancestor veneration | Veneration of the dead or ancestor reverence is based on the beliefs that the dead have a continued existence, and may possess the ability to influence the fortune of the living, the worship of deceased ancestors | 52 | |
| 5140626775 | syncretic religion | Combines two religious traditions into something distinctly new, while containing traits of both | 53 | |
| 5140626776 | Persian Empire | Greatest empire in the world up to 500 BCE. Spoke an Indo-European language. A multi-ethnic and multi-religious empire. Fell to Alexander the Great. | 54 | |
| 5140626777 | Qin Dynasty | the Chinese dynasty (from 246 BC to 206 BC) that established the first centralized imperial government and built much of the Great Wall | 55 | |
| 5140626778 | Han Dynasty | (202 BC - 220 AD) dynasty started by Lui Bang; a great and long-lasting rule, it discarded the harsh policies of the Qin dynasty and adopted Confucian principles; rulers chose officials who passed the civil service exams rather than birth; it was a time of prosperity | 56 | |
| 5140626779 | Hellenistic | Of or influenced by the Greek Empire. A type of culture typically referred to after the conquests of Alexander the Great. | 57 | |
| 5140626780 | Persepolis | A complex of palaces, reception halls, and treasury buildings erected by the Persian kings Darius I and Xerxes in the Persian homeland. It is believed that the New Year's festival was celebrated here, as well as the coronations, weddings, and funerals of the Persian kings, who were buried in cliff-tombs nearby. | 58 | |
| 5140626781 | Pataliputra | The captial of both Muryan and Gupta empires | 59 | |
| 5140626782 | Athens | A democratic Greek polis who accomplished many cultural achievements, and who were constantly at war with Sparta. | 60 | |
| 5140626783 | Carthage | City located in present-day Tunisia, founded by Phoenicians ca. 800 B.C.E. It became a major commercial center and naval power in the western Mediterranean until defeated by the expanding Roman Republic in the third century B.C.E. | 61 | |
| 5140626784 | Alexandria | City on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt founded by Alexander. It became the capital of the Hellenistic kingdom of Ptolemy. It contained the famous Library and the Museum and was a center for leading scientific and literary figures in the classical and postclassical eras. | 62 | |
| 5140626785 | Constantinople | A large and wealthy city that was the imperial capital of the Byzantine empire and later the Ottoman empire, now known as Istanbul | 63 | |
| 5140626786 | Trans-Saharan Caravan Route | Islamic trade in West Africa was conducted by caravans of camels. According to Ibn Battuta, the explorer who accompanied one of the caravans, the average size was a thousand camels per caravan, with some being as large as 12,000. | 64 | |
| 5140626787 | Indian Ocean Sea Lanes | lanes throughout the Indian Ocean connecting East Africa, southern Arabia, the Persian Gulf, India, Southeast Asia, and southern China | 65 | |
| 5140626788 | Mediterranean Sea Lanes | Trade routes that connected the Mediterranean civilizations together. The need for a sea rout for trade in the region. Trade increased and diffusion of cultures occurred | 66 | |
| 5140626789 | Jesus of Nazareth | a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity. | 67 | |
| 5140626790 | Paul of Tarsus | A Pharisaic Jew who persecuted the Early Christian community; later, he had an experience of the Risen Christ and became the "Apostle to the Gentiles" writing numerous letters to the Christian communities. | 68 | |
| 5140626791 | Greco-Roman Philosophy | Ideas that emphasized logic, empirical observation, and nature of political power and hierarchy. | 69 | |
| 5140626792 | tribute | Money paid by one country to another in return for protection | 70 |
AP World History Unit 5 Terms Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 6070952205 | Abolish | formally put an end to (a system, practice, or institution) | 0 | |
| 6070952206 | Absolute monarch | Rule by one person whose actions are restricted neither by written law nor by custom | 1 | |
| 6070952207 | American Revolution | a political upheaval during which colonists in the Thirteen American Colonies rejected the British monarchy and aristocracy | 2 | |
| 6070952208 | Assembly line | a series of workers and machines in a factory by which a succession of identical items is progressively assembled | 3 | |
| 6070952209 | Berlin Conference 1884 | a meeting between European nations to create rules on how to peacefully divide Africa among them for colonization | 4 | |
| 6070952210 | Bloody Sunday | when unarmed demonstrators led by Father Georgy Gapon were fired upon by soldiers of the Imperial Guard as they marched in Russia | 5 | |
| 6070952211 | Boer Wars | a war in which Great Britain fought against the Transvaal and Orange Free State | 6 | |
| 6070952212 | Boxer Rebellions | when the Society of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists led an uprising against the spread of Western and Japanese influence | 7 | |
| 6070952213 | British East India Company | a private company granted a trade monopoly with the East Indies by Queen Elizabeth I | 8 | |
| 6070952214 | Capital | wealth in the form of money or other assets owned for a particular purpose | 9 | |
| 6070952215 | Capitalism | an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state | 10 | |
| 6070952216 | Capitulations | the action of surrendering or ceasing to resist an opponent or demand | 11 | |
| 6070952217 | Cartel | an association of manufacturers or suppliers with the purpose of maintaining prices at a high level and restricting competition | 12 | |
| 6070952218 | Cecil Rhodes | a British businessman, mining magnate and politician in South Africa, who served as Prime Minister of the Cape Colony | 13 | |
| 6070952219 | Charles Darwin | British naturalist who revolutionized the study of biology with his theory of evolution based on natural selection | 14 | |
| 6070952220 | Commercial | concerned with or engaged in commerce/ making or intended to make a profit | 15 | |
| 6070952221 | Communism | Advocates class war to lead to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs | 16 | |
| 6070952222 | Communist Manifesto | an 1848 political pamphlet by German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels | 17 | |
| 6070952223 | Congress of Vienna | a conference to provide a long-term peace plan for Europe after the French and Napoleonic Wars | 18 | |
| 6070952224 | Constitution | a body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is acknowledged to be governed | 19 | |
| 6070952225 | Corporation | a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law | 20 | |
| 6070952226 | Declaration of Independence | the formal statement written by Thomas Jefferson declaring the freedom of the thirteen American colonies from Great Britain | 21 | |
| 6070952227 | Declaration of the Rights of Man | a fundamental document of the French Revolution and in the history of human and civil rights | 22 | |
| 6070952228 | Doctrine | 23 | ||
| 6070952229 | Domestic | 24 | ||
| 6070952230 | Emancipation | the fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions; liberation | 25 | |
| 6070952231 | Emancipation of Serfs | manifesto issued by the Russian emperor Alexander II that accompanied 17 legislative acts that freed the serfs | 26 | |
| 6070952232 | Empress Cixi | dowager empress of China who was hostile to foreign influences in China and supported the Boxer Rebellion | 27 | |
| 6070952233 | Enclosure | an area that is sealed off with an artificial or natural barrier | 28 | |
| 6070952234 | Enlightenment | a European intellectual movement emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition | 29 | |
| 6070952235 | Estates-general | the legislative body in France, representing the three estates of the realm (i.e., the clergy, the nobility, and the commons) | 30 | |
| 6070952236 | Execution of Louis XVI | by means of the guillotine, took place on 21 January 1793 at the Place de la Révolution | 31 | |
| 6070952237 | Factory | a building or group of buildings where goods are manufactured or assembled chiefly by machine | 32 | |
| 6070952238 | Frederich Engels | a German philosopher, social scientist, journalist, and businessman who founded Marxist theory together with Marx | 33 | |
| 6070952239 | Free market | an economic system in which prices are determined by unrestricted competition between privately owned businesses | 34 | |
| 6070952240 | Free trade | international trade left to its natural course without tariffs, quotas, or other restrictions | 35 | |
| 6070952241 | Immigration | the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country | 36 | |
| 6070952242 | Imperialism | a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force | 37 | |
| 6070952243 | Indemnity | security or protection against a loss or other financial burden | 38 | |
| 6070952244 | Indian National Congress | A political party in India established in the late nineteenth century after India achieved independence from Britain | 39 | |
| 6070952245 | Industrial Revolution | rapid development of industry that occurred in Britain brought about by the introduction of machinery | 40 | |
| 6070952246 | Intolerable Acts | a series of British measures passed in 1774 and designed to punish the Massachusetts colonists for the Boston Tea Party | 41 | |
| 6070952247 | Karl Marx | a philosopher and economist famous for his ideas about capitalism and communism | 42 | |
| 6070952248 | Labor union | an organized association of workers formed to protect and further their rights and interests | 43 | |
| 6070952249 | Laissez-faire | a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering, government not interfering with market | 44 | |
| 6070952250 | Leisure | a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering | 45 | |
| 6070952251 | Mahmut II | 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 until his death in 1839 | 46 | |
| 6070952252 | Marxism | political and economic theories, later developed to form the basis for the theory and practice of communism | 47 | |
| 6070952253 | Maxim Guns | the first fully automatic water-cooled machine gun, designed in Britain in 1884 and used especially in World War I | 48 | |
| 6070952254 | Meiji Restoration | a chain of events that restored practical imperial rule to Japan in 1868 under Emperor Meiji | 49 | |
| 6070952255 | Miguel Hidalgo | Roman Catholic priest and revolutionary leader who is called the father of Mexican independence | 50 | |
| 6070952256 | Monopoly | the exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service | 51 | |
| 6070952257 | Monroe Doctrine | a US policy (Monroe), any intervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is a hostile act against the US | 52 | |
| 6070952258 | Muhammed Ali | Albanian soldier (service of Turkey), made viceroy of Egypt, took control away from the Ottomans and established Egypt as a state | 53 | |
| 6070952259 | Muslim League | a political party established during the early years of the 20th century in the British Indian Empire | 54 | |
| 6070952260 | Napoleon | French general born in Corsica: emperor of France 1804-15 | 55 | |
| 6070952261 | Nationalism | an extreme form of patriotic feeling, principles, or efforts, especially marked by a feeling of superiority over other countries | 56 | |
| 6070952262 | Nation-state | a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent | 57 | |
| 6070952263 | Natural resources | materials or substances such as minerals, forests, water, and fertile land that occur in nature/ can be used for economic gain | 58 | |
| 6070952264 | Open Door Policy | policy proposed to keep China open to trade with all countries on an equal basis | 59 | |
| 6070952265 | Opium Wars | a war between Great Britain and China that began in 1839 as a conflict over the opium trade and ended in 1842 | 60 | |
| 6070952266 | Otto von Bismarck | a conservative Prussian statesman who dominated German and European affairs from the 1860s until 1890 | 61 | |
| 6070952267 | Panama Canal | Waterway across the Isthmus of Panama, built from 1904-1914 | 62 | |
| 6070952268 | Raj | British sovereignty in India | 63 | |
| 6070952269 | Reign of Terror | a period of remorseless repression or bloodshed during the French Revolution | 64 | |
| 6070952270 | Revolution | a forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system | 65 | |
| 6070952271 | Rudyard Kipling | English author of novels and poetry who was born in India | 66 | |
| 6070952272 | Rural | in, relating to, or characteristic of the countryside rather than the town | 67 | |
| 6070952273 | Russification | cultural assimilation where non-Russian communities, voluntarily or not, give up their culture and language in favor of Russia's | 68 | |
| 6070952274 | Russ-Japanese War | 904-1905 between Russia and Japan over rival territorial claims (Japan became a world power and Roosevelt made the treaty) | 69 | |
| 6070952275 | Scramble for Africa | invasion, occupation, division, colonization and annexation of African territory by Europe during the period of New Imperialism | 70 | |
| 6070952276 | Sepoy Mutiny (1857) | a revolt resulting in the transfer of the administration of India from the East India Company to the crown | 71 | |
| 6070952277 | Seven Years War | between the German kingdom of Prussia + Britain, Vs Austria, France, and Russia | 72 | |
| 6070952278 | Sino-Japanese War | between China and Japan over the control of Korea that resulted in the nominal independence of Korea | 73 | |
| 6070952279 | Social class | a division of a society based on social and economic status | 74 | |
| 6070952280 | Social Darwinism | the theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same laws of natural selection as plants and animals | 75 | |
| 6070952281 | Socialism | advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community | 76 | |
| 6070952282 | Spanish American War | A war between Spain and the United States that began as an intervention on behalf of Cuba. | 77 | |
| 6070952283 | Spheres of Influence | a country or area in which another country has power to affect developments although it has no formal authority | 78 | |
| 6070952284 | State Duma of Russia | the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia's legislature | 79 | |
| 6070952285 | Steam Engine | an engine that uses the expansion or rapid condensation of steam to generate power | 80 | |
| 6070952286 | Suez Canal | a sea-level canal in NE Egypt, crossing the Isthmus of Suez and linking the Mediterranean with the Red Sea | 81 | |
| 6070952287 | Suffrage | right to vote | 82 | |
| 6070952288 | Taiping Rebellion | a massive rebellion or civil war in China against the Qing dynasty | 83 | |
| 6070952289 | The Diet of Japan | Japan's bicameral legislature, composed of a lower house and an upper house, elected under parallel voting systems | 84 | |
| 6070952290 | The Jewel in the Crown | the most valuable or successful part of something | 85 | |
| 6070952291 | Trade union | labor union of craftspeople or workers in related crafts | 86 | |
| 6070952292 | Unequal Treaties | a series of treaties signed with Western powers by Qing dynasty China and late Tokugawa Japan after suffering military defeat | 87 | |
| 6070952293 | Universal suffrage | the extension of voting rights to all citizens without restrictions based on sex, race, religious belief, wealth or social status | 88 | |
| 6070952294 | Urbanization | the process of making an area more urban | 89 | |
| 6070952295 | Utopia | an imagined place or state of things in which everything is perfect | 90 | |
| 6070952296 | Wage labor | Relationship where the worker sells his labor power under a formal or informal employment contract | 91 | |
| 6070952297 | Wealth of Nations | magnum opus of the Scottish economist and moral philosopher Adam Smith | 92 | |
| 6070952298 | White Man's Burden | the task that white colonizers believed they had to impose their civilization on the black inhabitants of their colonies | 93 | |
| 6070952299 | Witte Industrialization Program | Count Sergei Iul'evich Witte oversaw Russia's transition economy, pushed for greater exports, ambitious industrialization, and large foreign loans to modernize Russia and make it competitive | 94 | |
| 6070952300 | Young Turks | members of a revolutionary party (Ottoman) who carried out the revolution of 1908 and deposed the sultan Abdul Hamid II | 95 |
AP World History Ch 9 IDs Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 4842960857 | Chandragupta Maurya | An ambitious adventurer who created the Mauryan empire in 321 BC | 0 | |
| 4842980630 | Ashoka Maurya | Best emperor of the Mauryan dynasty. Began his reign as a conqueror and conquered the kingdom of Kalinga. Better known as a governor who ruled through a tightly organized bureaucracy in his capital at Pataliputra. Made a central treasury. Died in 232 BC | 1 | |
| 4843000116 | Mauryan Dynasty | 321 - 185 BC. The first state to bring a centralized and unified government to most of the Indian subcontinent. | 2 | |
| 4843001452 | Bactria | Conquered Northwestern India after the Mauryan Empire. Greek speaking conquerors who were Alexander the Great's imperial heirs. Made a Greco-Bactrian Kingdom in 250 BC. Capital city is Taxila. | 3 | |
| 4843002966 | Kushan Empire | Conquered the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom. 1 - 270 CE. Originally nomadic conquerors. They were enthusiastic supporters of Buddhism. | 4 | |
| 4843004434 | Gupta Dynasty | Left local government and administration in the hands of their allies in various regions of their empire. Brought stability and prosperity to the subcontinent. 320 - 415 CE. | 5 | |
| 4843004435 | White Huns | A nomadic people from Central Asia who occupied Bactria during the 4th Century. | 6 | |
| 4843008708 | Caste System | Rigid social order in India created by the Aryans. The levels are Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras. | 7 | |
| 4843010114 | Jati | Subcastes... assumed much of the responsibility of maintaining social order in India. | 8 | |
| 4843011638 | Brahmin | Priests. Highest level of the caste system. | 9 | |
| 4843012855 | Vardhamana Mahavira | A great teacher of Jainism in the late 6th Century. Left home at the age of 30 to seek salvation, led ascetic life, gained enlightenment, abandoned all worldly goods. Died in 468 BC. His disciples were known as Jina. | 10 | |
| 4843014184 | Jainism | Religion which believed virtually that everything in the universe - humans, animals, plants, the air, bodies of water - possessed a soul. As long as they remained trapped in terrestrial bodies, these souls experienced suffering. Jains went to extremes to not hurt souls. | 11 | |
| 4843015324 | Siddhartha Gautama | Creator of Buddhism. Was a Kshatriyas prince who left his life to discover why there was suffering. Became the Buddha. | 12 | |
| 4843015325 | Buddhism | Leading a moderate lifestyle characterized by quiet contemplation, thoughtful reflection, and disciplined self-control to reduce desires for material goods and other worldly attractions resulting eventually in the detachment from the world itself. (Nirvana) | 13 | |
| 4843018881 | The Bhagavad Gita | A short poetic work which illustrates both the expectations that Hinduism made of individuals and the promise of salvation that it held out to them. Made between 300 BC and 300 CE. A dialogue between Arjuna, a Kshatriya warrior about to enter battle, and his charioteer Krishna, a human incarnation of the god of vishnu. | 14 | |
| 4843021369 | Hinduism | Promised salvation precisely to those who participated actively in the world and met their caste responsibilities...taught that individuals should meet their responsibilities in detached fashion: not become personally or emotionally involved in their actions, and not strive for material reward or recognition. But instead, perform their duties faithfully concentrating on their actions alone with no thought as to their consequences. | 15 |
AP World History Period 5 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 9391032025 | abolitionist movement | An international movement that between approximately 1780 and 1890 succeeded in condemning slavery as morally repugnant and abolishing it in much of the world; the movement was especially prominent in Britain and the United States. |  | 0 |
| 9391032026 | Creoles | Native-born elites in the Spanish colonies. |  | 1 |
| 9391032027 | Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen | Document drawn up by the French National Assembly in 1789 that proclaimed the equal rights of all men; the declaration ideologically launched the French Revolution. |  | 2 |
| 9391032028 | Declaration of the Rights of Woman | Short work written by the French feminist Olympe de Gouges in 1791 that was modeled on the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen and that made the argument that the equality proclaimed by the French revolutionaries must also include women. | 3 | |
| 9391032029 | Estates-General | French representative assembly called into session by Louis XVI to address pressing problems and out of which the French Revolution emerged; the three estates were the clergy, the nobility, and the commoners. | 4 | |
| 9391032030 | Freetown | West African settlement in what is now Sierra Leone at which British naval commanders freed Africans they rescued from illegal slave ships. | 5 | |
| 9391032031 | French Revolution | Massive dislocation of French society (1789-1815) that overthrew the monarchy, destroyed most of the French aristocracy, and launched radical reforms of society that were lost again, though only in part, under Napoleon's imperial rule and after the restoration of the monarchy. |  | 6 |
| 9391032032 | gens de couleur libres | Literally, "free people of color"; term used to describe freed slaves and people of mixed racial background in Saint Domingue on the eve of the Haitian Revolution. | 7 | |
| 9391032033 | Haiti | Name that revolutionaries gave to the former French colony of Saint Domingue; the term means "mountainous" or "rugged" in the Taino language. |  | 8 |
| 9391032034 | Haitian Revolution | The only fully successful slave rebellion in world history; the uprising in the French Caribbean colony of Saint Domingue (later renamed Haiti) was sparked by the French Revolution and led to the establishment of an independent state after a long and bloody war (1791-1804). | 9 | |
| 9391032035 | Hidalgo-Morelos Revolution | Socially radical peasant insurrection that began in Mexico in 1810 and that was led by the priests | 10 | |
| 9391032036 | Latin American Revolutions | Series of risings in the Spanish colonies of Latin America (1810-1826) that established the independence of new states from Spanish rule but that for the most part retained the privileges of the elites despite efforts at more radical social rebellion by the lower classes. | 11 | |
| 9391032037 | Toussaint L'Ouverture | First leader of the Haitian Revolution, a former slave (1743-1803) who wrote the first constitution of Haiti and served as the first governor of the newly independent state. |  | 12 |
| 9391032038 | Napoleon Bonaparte | French head of state from 1799 until his abdication in 1814 (and again briefly in 1815); preserved much of the French Revolution under an autocratic system and was responsible for the spread of revolutionary ideals through his conquest of much of Europe. |  | 13 |
| 9391032039 | Nation | A group of people who have a sense of common identity and destiny, thanks to ties of blood, culture, language, or common experience. | 14 | |
| 9391032040 | Nationalism | The focusing of citizens' loyalty on the notion that they are part of a "nation" with a unique culture, territory, and destiny; first became a prominent element of political culture in the nineteenth century. | 15 | |
| 9391032041 | American Revolution | Successful rebellion conducted by the colonists of parts of North America (not Canada) against British rule (1775-1787); a conservative revolution whose success assured property rights but established republican government in place of monarchy. | 16 | |
| 9391032042 | Petit Blancs | The "little" (or poor) white population of Saint Domingue, which played a significant role in the Haitian Revolution. | 17 | |
| 9391032043 | Seneca Falls Conference | The first organized women's rights conference | 18 | |
| 9391032044 | Elizabeth Cady Stanton | Leading figure of the early women's rights movement in the United States (1815-1902). | 19 | |
| 9391032045 | the Reign of Terror | Term used to describe the revolutionary violence in France in 1793-1794, when radicals under the leadership of Maximilien Robespierre executed tens of thousands of people deemed enemies of the revolution. |  | 20 |
| 9391032046 | Third Estate | In prerevolutionary France, the term used for the 98 percent of the population that was neither clerical nor noble, and for their representatives at the Estates General; in 1789, it declared itself a National Assembly and launched the French Revolution. | 21 | |
| 9391032047 | Tupac Amaru | The last Inca emperor; in the 1780s, a Native American rebellion against Spanish control of Peru took place in his name. | 22 | |
| 9391032048 | Bourgeoisie | Term that Karl Marx used to describe the owners of industrial capital; originally meant "townspeople." |  | 23 |
| 9391032049 | British Royal Society | Association of scientists established in England in 1660 that was dedicated to the promotion of "useful knowledge." | 24 | |
| 9391032050 | Crimean War | Major international conflict (1854-1856) in which British and French forces defeated Russia; the defeat prompted reforms within Russia. |  | 25 |
| 9391032051 | Labour Party | British working-class political party established in the 1890s and dedicated to reforms and a peaceful transition to socialism, in time providing a viable alternative to the revolutionary emphasis of Marxism. | 26 | |
| 9391032052 | Karl Marx | German expatriate in England who advocated working-class revolution as the key to creating an ideal communist future. | 27 | |
| 9391032053 | Middle class values | Belief system that developed in Britain in the nineteenth century; it emphasized thrift, hard work, rigid moral behavior, cleanliness, and "respectability." | 28 | |
| 9391032054 | Robert Owens | Socialist thinker and wealthy mill owner (1771-1858) who created an ideal industrial community at New Lanark, Scotland. | 29 | |
| 9391032055 | Peter the Great | Tsar of Russia (r. 1689-1725) who attempted a massive reform of Russian society in an effort to catch up with the states of Western Europe. | 30 | |
| 9391032056 | Proletariat | Term that Karl Marx used to describe the industrial working class; originally used in ancient Rome to describe the poorest part of the urban population. | 31 | |
| 9391032057 | Steam engine | Mechanical device in which the steam from heated water builds up pressure to drive a piston, rather than relying on human or animal muscle power; the introduction of this item allowed a hitherto unimagined increase in productivity and made the Industrial Revolution possible. |  | 32 |
| 9391032058 | Daimyo | Feudal lords of Japan who retained substantial autonomy under the Tokugawa shogunate and only lost their social preeminence in the Meiji restoration. |  | 33 |
| 9391032059 | Meiji Restoration | The overthrow of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan in 1868, restoring power at long last to the emperor |  | 34 |
| 9391032060 | Matthew Perry | U.S. navy commodore who in 1853 presented the ultimatum that led Japan to open itself to more normal relations with the outside world. |  | 35 |
| 9391032061 | Samurai | Armed retainers of the Japanese feudal lords, famed for their martial skills and loyalty; in the Tokugawa shogunate, they gradually became an administrative elite, but they did not lose their special privileges until the Meiji restoration. |  | 36 |
| 9391032062 | Social Darwinism | An application of the concept of "survival of the fittest" to human history in the nineteenth century. |  | 37 |
| 9391032063 | Tanzimat Reforms | Important reform measures undertaken in the Ottoman Empire beginning in 1839; the term means "reorganization." |  | 38 |
| 9391032064 | Tokugawa Shogunate | Rulers of Japan from 1600 to 1868. |  | 39 |
| 9391032065 | Young Ottomans | Group of would-be reformers in the mid-nineteenth-century Ottoman Empire that included lower-level officials, military officers, and writers; they urged the extension of Westernizing reforms to the political system. | 40 | |
| 9391032066 | Young Turks | Movement of Turkish military and civilian elites that developed ca. 1900, eventually bringing down the Ottoman Empire |  | 41 |
| 9391032067 | Apartheid | Afrikaans term for the system that developed in South Africa of strictly limiting the social and political integration of whites and blacks. |  | 42 |
| 9391032068 | Cash crop agriculture | Agricultural production, often on a large scale, of crops for sale in the market, rather than for consumption by the farmers themselves. |  | 43 |
| 9391032069 | Leopold II | his rule as private owner of the Congo Free State during much of that time is typically held up as the worst abuse of Europe's second wave of colonization, resulting as it did in millions of deaths. |  | 44 |
| 9391032070 | Scramble for Africa | Name used for the process of the European countries' partition of the continent of Africa between themselves in the period 1875-1900. |  | 45 |
| 9391032071 | Guillotine | defined the reign of terror, its fast-falling blade extinguished life immediately, introduced as a more humane way of beheading (vs. an ax) |  | 46 |
| 9391032072 | Mass Production | The manufacture of many identical products by the division of labor into many small simple tasks. |  | 47 |
| 9391032073 | Steam Ships | technological innovation allowed Europeans to reach distant Asian and African ports quickly and predictably |  | 48 |
| 9391032074 | mercantilism | A set of economic principles based on policies which stress government regulation of economic activities to benefit the home country | 49 | |
| 9391032075 | Capitalism | (1776) , an economic system in which investment in and ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is made and maintained chiefly by private individuals or corporations. | 50 | |
| 9391032076 | Simon Bolivar | The most important military leader in the struggle for independence in South America; born in Venezuela, he led military forces there and in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. |  | 51 |
| 9391032077 | Garibaldi | Leader of the Italian Nationalist Army. He was a bold and visionary leader. He united Southern Italy, also captured Sicily in the 1860's. |  | 52 |
| 9391032078 | Janissary | a soldier in the elite guard of the Ottoman Turks |  | 53 |
| 9391032079 | Muhammad Ali | Albanian soldier in the service of Turkey who was made viceroy of Egypt and took control away from the Ottoman Empire and established Egypt as a modern state (1769-1849). |  | 54 |
| 9391032080 | Tanzimat | 'Restructuring' reforms by the nineteenth-century Ottoman rulers, intended to move civil law away from the control of religious elites and make the military and the bureaucracy more efficient. | 55 | |
| 9391032081 | Palm Oil | A West African tropical product often used to make soap; the British encouraged its cultivation as an alternative to the slave trade. |  | 56 |
| 9391032082 | Emmeline Pankhurst | (1858-1928) British suffragette and founder of the Woman's Social and Political Union. |  | 57 |
| 9391032083 | free trade imperialism | Economic dominance of a weaker country by a more powerful one, while maintaining the legal independence of a weaker state. In the late 19th cent, this characterized the relationships between Latin American republics and GB/US | 58 |
AMSCO AP World History Chapter 1 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 7264270024 | Overfarming | To farm so much that land looses its fertility | 0 | |
| 7264270025 | Overgrazing | The continual eating of grasses or their roots, without allowing them to regrow | 1 | |
| 7264270026 | Artifacts | objects made and used by early humans, usually dug up by archaeologists | 2 | |
| 7264270027 | Paleolithic Period | The Early Years of human history, ended around 8000 B.C.E., also call the "Stone Age" | 3 | |
| 7264270028 | Neolithic Revolution | A set of dramatic changes in how people lived based on the development of agriculture | 4 | |
| 7264270029 | Monotheism | The religious practice of worshiping only one deity | 5 | |
| 7264270030 | Bronze Age | The era (around 3300-2300 B.C.E.) in which the practice of metallurgy arose | 6 | |
| 7264270031 | Civilization | A large society with cities and powerful states | 7 | |
| 7264270032 | Core and Foundational Civilizations | Civilizations that developed ways of life, such as language, religious beliefs, and economic practices, that would heavily influence successor civilizations in their regions | 8 | |
| 7264270033 | Jericho | One of humankind's first cities | 9 | |
| 7264270034 | Catal Huyuk | An ancient city in present-day Turkey that was founded in 7500 B.C.E. | 10 | |
| 7264270035 | Textiles | Items made of cloth | 11 | |
| 7264270036 | Specialization of Labor | The process of allowing people to focus on limited tasks | 12 | |
| 7264270037 | Copper | The first metal used in replacement of stone | 13 | |
| 7264270038 | Bronze | A combination of tin and copper that was found to be stronger than either of the two metals by themselves | 14 | |
| 7264270039 | Hunter-foragers | People who hunt and forage for their food | 15 | |
| 7264270040 | Agriculture | The practice of raising crops or livestock on a continual and controlled basis | 16 | |
| 7264270041 | Surplus | More than needed | 17 | |
| 7264270042 | Domestication | The process of taming wild animals so that they can be brought up to live with humans | 18 | |
| 7264270043 | Nomadic Pastoralism | People moving herds of animals from pasture to pasture | 19 | |
| 7264270044 | Kinship Groups | Related families that moved together in search of food (20-40 people) | 20 | |
| 7264270045 | Clan | Kinship Groups were sometimes a part of a larger group of relatives called a: | 21 | |
| 7264270046 | Tribe | A group of clans | 22 | |
| 7264270047 | Patriarchy | A society dominated by men | 23 | |
| 7264270048 | Artisans | People who made objects or tools that people needed | 24 | |
| 7264270049 | Merchants | People who buy and sell goods for a living | 25 | |
| 7264270050 | Social Stratification | Society's categorization of people into groups based on wealth, posessions, etc. | 26 | |
| 7264270051 | Priests | people who performed religious ceremonies | 27 | |
| 7264270053 | Animism | The belief that animals, rivers, and other elements of nature embody spirits | 28 | |
| 7264273530 | Home sapiens sapiens | humans that appeared in east Africa 20000 to 100000 year ago. they ate seeds nuts fruits and roots. also called hunter-gatherers | 29 |
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