Period 2: 1607-1754 AP US History Mr. Pyle Flashcards
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| 7658374173 | congregationalism | Church and town organization independent (no state control) and non-hierarchical; Citizenship = church membership (covenant); New England and Middle colonies; Puritans, Quakers, Baptists, etc. | 0 | |
| 7658374174 | covenant | Agreement between church members to form an independent church congregation; Membership was tied to citizenship. | 1 | |
| 7658374175 | Richard Hakluyt | English writer who extravagantly exhorted his countrymen to undertake the colonization of the New World after defeat of the Spanish Armada. | 2 | |
| 7658374176 | Sir Francis Drake | The most famous of the "sea dogs" (English Privateers); Plundered his way all around the planet; Financially supported by Queen Elizabeth; Knighted by queen because defying Spanish protest. |  | 3 |
| 7658374177 | Destruction of the Spanish Armada | 16th century England vs. Spain naval war; Marked the beginning of the end of the Spanish Empire and opened the path for the British Empire to flourish. |  | 4 |
| 7658374178 | Calvinism | A major branch of Protestantism; The credo of many American foundational settlers including English Puritans, Scottish Presbyterians, French Hugenots, and Dutch Reformed Church in America | 5 | |
| 7658374179 | Barbados | located in Caribbean; where the settlers in Carolina come from |  | 6 |
| 7658374180 | Joint Stock Company | A commercial venture in which multiple shareholders invest and spread risk; e.g. Hudson's Bay Company, Virginia Company, Dutch West India Company | 7 | |
| 7658374181 | Hudson's Bay Company | one of the Joint-stock companies founded in England for the purpose of trapping and fur trading. |  | 8 |
| 7658374182 | Navigation Acts | A series of economic regulations set by England starting in 1651 in order to gain control over its' colonies; Inspired by merchantilist policies |  | 9 |
| 7658374183 | Queen Elizabeth | A.K.A. Virginia, the "virgin" queen; An ambitious ruler, she secured the Protestant Reformtation in England and reigned during the destruction of the Spanish Armada, Drake's circumnavigation, the English Renaissance (Shakespeare!), and the beginning of the British Empire. |  | 10 |
| 7658374184 | Sir Walter Raleigh | A dashing courtier favored by Queen Elizabeth; Launched the first English colony in the New World in 1585 on Roanoke Island, off the coast of Virginia (present day North Carolina); The colony was a failure due to England's preoccupation with war with Spain. |  | 11 |
| 7658374185 | Roanoke colony | Located in present day North Carolina; Known as "The Lost colony" established by Sir Walter Raleigh in 1585, disappeared during the first Anglo-Spanish War. |  | 12 |
| 7658374186 | Virginia Company of London | A joint-stock company that established the first enduring English colony in the New World at Jamestown. |  | 13 |
| 7658374187 | Plantation economy | large scale agriculture worked by slaves, especially sugar and tobacco plantation. |  | 14 |
| 7658374188 | Chesapeake Bay | Large estuary between Maryland and Virginia; Site of both Jamestown and St. Marys. |  | 15 |
| 7658374189 | Jamestown | The first permanent English settlement in North America; Founded in 1607 as a joint-venture of the Virginia Company. | 16 | |
| 7658374190 | Maryland | Proprietary colony established on the Chesapeake Bay; George Calvert and Lord Baltimore were its proprietors; Established as a Catholic haven in the largely Protestant British Americas. |  | 17 |
| 7658374191 | Powhatan confederacy | A group of native American tribes in 17th century that settled in Virginia and came into conflict with the Virginia colonists. | 18 | |
| 7658374192 | Lord De La Warr | Governor of Jamestown; "he shall not work shall not eat" | 19 | |
| 7658374193 | Anglo-Powhatan Wars | 1614-1644; Series of wars between English Virginia Company settlers and local Indian tribes; "Irish tactics" used; Settled by Marriage of Pocahontas and John Rolfe; Led to the banishment of Chesapeake Indians and English encroachment of land. | 20 | |
| 7658374194 | "starving time" | Jamestown winter of 1609 to 1610; Only 60 of the 400 colonists survived because they didn't found plants or the methods to grow crops; Most colonists were gentlemen "adventurers" who refused to work or didn't know how to grow crops. |  | 21 |
| 7658374195 | House of Burgesses | The first representative legislative body formed in 1619 in Virginia; Evolved into a "planter oligarchy" that represented the wealthy plantation owners, and a competitor to the Parliament in London. | 22 | |
| 7658374196 | Maryland Acts of Toleration | In 1649, passed in Maryland, guaranteeing rights to Christians of all denominations; A measure to protect Maryland's Catholics. | 23 | |
| 7658374197 | Headright System | New immigrants were enticed to come to the New World with the offer of 50 arces (1 arce= 4047m2) | 24 | |
| 7658374198 | Bacon's Rebellion | 1676 rebellion of discontent landless servants in Virginia; Exposed the weakness of the indentured servant system to the ruling planter oligarchy, who thereafter relied more and more on African slaves. | 25 | |
| 7658374199 | Lord Baltimore | Catholic proprietor of the colony of Maryland; Permitted religious freedom to all Christian colonists in a mesure to protect Catholics. | 26 | |
| 7658374200 | John Rolfe | Virginia "father of tobacco"; Husband of Pocahontas. | 27 | |
| 7658374201 | Indentured servant | Potential England immigrants sign a contact with wealthy Virginians to work for a certain years in the New World in exchange of the passage over the Atlantic. | 28 | |
| 7658374202 | Virginia | The first colony of the British Empire; Established during the rule of Queen Elizabeth I. | 29 | |
| 7658374203 | Quebec | French major colony in Canada. |  | 30 |
| 7658374204 | Jesuit | "Society of Jesus"; Catholic missionaries. | 31 | |
| 7658374205 | Huguenots | French Protestants | 32 | |
| 7658374206 | Metis People | Descendant of French and indigenous people | 33 | |
| 7658374207 | Fundamental Orders of Connecticut | First written constitution in the New World (and all of Western Tradition); established townhall style of government similar to much of Puritan New England. | 34 | |
| 7658374208 | Pilgrims | Traveler on a holy journey; Puritan separatists who first settled Plymouth in New England |  | 35 |
| 7658374209 | Puritans | A group of English Reformed Protestants who sought to "purify" the Church of England | 36 | |
| 7658374210 | Protestantism | The "reformed" Christian faith that emerged from Martin Luther's 16th century protests against the corruption and control of the Catholic Church; A major religious and political force in the English colonies of the New World. | 37 | |
| 7658374211 | Town hall meeting | A form of direct democratic rule, used principally in New England where most or all the members of a community come together to participate in direct democratic government. | 38 | |
| 7658374212 | Congregational church | Protestant churches practicing congregationalist church governance; The independence of each congregation in New England mirrored the independence of each town and its political organization. | 39 | |
| 7658374213 | Royal charter | A formal document issued by a monarch as letters patent, granting a right or power to an individual or a body corporate. | 40 | |
| 7658374214 | Charter | The grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified; 3 types: Royal, Commercial, Proprietary. | 41 | |
| 7658374215 | Plymouth colony | Founded by a group of Separatists who came to be known as the Pilgrims; the first sizable permanent English settlement in the New England region,https://o.quizlet.com/YWD0OaZqPqntAaSERr.dQA_m.jpg | 42 | |
| 7658374216 | Roger Williams | A Puritan, an early proponent of religious freedom and separation of church and state; he was expelled from the colony of Massachusetts and began the colony of Providence Plantation. | 43 | |
| 7658374217 | Providence | Colony established by the puritan dissenter Roger Williams; Later merged with Portsmouth to form the colony of Rhode Island. | 44 | |
| 7658374218 | Anne Hutchinson | An important participant in the Antinomian Controversy; banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony and formed Portsmouth (later merged into Rhode Island). |  | 45 |
| 7658374219 | John Winthrop | One of the leading figures in the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony; his vision of the colony as a Puritan "city upon a hill" dominated New England colonial development. |  | 46 |
| 7658374220 | Mayflower | The ship that transported the first English Separatists—Pilgrims—in 1620. | 47 | |
| 7658374221 | Separatist | Puritans who felt needed to separate from the Church of England. | 48 | |
| 7658374222 | "city upon a hill" | In the 1630 sermon "A Model of Christian Charity" preached by Puritan John Winthrop. Winthrop admonished the future Massachusetts Bay colonists that their new community would be "as a city upon a hill", the ideal community, watched by the world. | 49 | |
| 7658374223 | Mayflower Compact | The first governing document of Plymouth Colony, written by the male passengers of the Mayflower, consisting of separatist Congregationalists. |  | 50 |
| 7658374224 | Salem Witch Trials | A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts between February 1692 and May 1693; Religious fear that resulted from unrest in the colonies. | 51 | |
| 7658374225 | slave codes | Series of laws in southern plantation colonies that established Africans as lifelong slaves and a cornerstone of the plantation economy. | 52 | |
| 7658374226 | King Philip's War | AKA Metacom's War; Savage conflict between New England colonists and local Indian tribes; Both sides resorted to brutal massacre tactics; Defeat of Indians resulted in white land expansion. |  | 53 |
| 7658374227 | Middle Colonies | New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware; Dominated by Quakers. | 54 | |
| 7658374228 | Supreme gonverner of Anglican Church | The Supreme Governor of the Church of England is a title held by the British monarch that signifies titular leadership over the Church of England; Since the English Reformation under the Tudors, the monarch has been the head of the church; One of the major problems Puritans, Quakers, and other groups had with the Anglican church. | 55 | |
| 7658374229 | Jamaica | An island in Caribbean sea. Visited by Columbus in 1494 and Colonized by Spanish who enslaved or killed the Natives. Became a major sugar colony of the British Empire in the 17th century. |  | 56 |
| 7658374230 | South Carolina | Plantation colony established by the eight nobles (lords proprietor) after the restoration of King Charles II; Mostly rural plantations, but has primary settlement at Charles Town. |  | 57 |
| 7658374231 | "buffer colony" | A colony established to serve primarily as a defensive boundary against a competing colonial power; California and Georgia, for example. | 58 | |
| 7658374232 | North Carolina | A relatively poor and underdeveloped colony settled by landless squatters from Virginia |  | 59 |
| 7658374233 | "holy experiment" | William Penn's term for the ideal government that would uphold religious freedom and attract virtuous settlers; Largely a Quaker ideal; Its failure was apparent after Penn's death when settlers came into conflict with natives and Quakers lost political power for advocating nonviolence in the face of Indian and competing colonial power threat. | 60 | |
| 7658374234 | Philadelphia | "The city of brotherly love" established by William Penn; It was by far the largest and most important city in the English colonies on the eve of the Revolution. | 61 | |
| 7658374235 | mercantilism | The driving economic philosophy of the colonial powers in the 17th and 18th centuries; Colonial competition was a zero-sum game; Trade imbalances (more imports than exports) were evil; Colonies served the mother country and were not allowed to compete economically. | 62 | |
| 7658374236 | New Netherland | Dutch colony in Northern America; Established as a trading center; Later taken by the English and renamed New York. | 63 | |
| 7658374237 | Gullah culture | Black people off the coast of South Carolina; Speak an English-based creole language containing many African loanwords and grammar; Their isolation is an example of how many Africans held onto their traditional culture despite enslavement and Christianization. | 64 |
1st Semester AP US HISTORY Flashcards
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| 5569622509 | Albany Plan | Benjamin Franklin submitted the this during the Fr. and Ind. War on 1754 gathering of colonial delegates in Albany, New York. The plan called for the colonies to unify in the face of French and Native American threats. The delegates approved the plan, but the colonies rejected it for fear of losing too much power. The Crown did not support the plan either, as it was wary of too much cooperation between the colonies. | 0 | |
| 5569622510 | Alexander Hamilton | Emerged as a major political figure during the debate over the Constitution, as the outspoken leader of the Federalists and one of the authors of the Federalist Papers. Later, as secretary of treasury under Washington, spearheaded the government's Federalist initiatives, most notably through the creation of the Bank of the United States. | 1 | |
| 5569622512 | Alien and Sedition Acts | A series of laws that sought to restrict the activities of people who opposed Federalist policies (1798) | 2 | |
| 5569622515 | Annapolis Convention | Originally planning to discuss the promotion of interstate commerce, delegates from five states met here in September 1786 and ended up suggesting a convention to amend the Articles of Confederation | 3 | |
| 5569622516 | Anne Hutchinson | Dissenter in the Massachusetts Bay Colony who caused a schism in the Puritan community. Eventually, lost out in a power struggle for the governorship. She was expelled from the colony in 1673 and traveled southward with a number of her followers, establishing the settlement of Portsmouth, Rhode Island | 4 | |
| 5569622517 | Antebellum | phrase meaning before the civil war | 5 | |
| 5569622519 | Anti-Federalists | The opponents of the Constitution during the period of ratification. They opposed the Constitution's powerful centralized government, arguing that the Constitution gave too much political, economic, and military control. They instead advocated a decentralized governmental structure that granted most power to the states | 6 | |
| 5569622521 | Articles of Confederation | Adopted in 1777 during the Revolutionary War, established the United States of America. Granted limited powers to the central government, reserving most powers for the states. The result was a poorly defined national state that couldn't govern the country's finances or maintain stability. The Constitution replaced them in 1789 | 7 | |
| 5569622524 | Bacon's Rebellion | In 1676, Nathaniel Bacon, a Virginia planter, led a group of 300 settlers in a war against the local Native Americans. When Virginia's royal governor questioned Bacon's actions, Bacon and his men looted and burned Jamestown. Manifested the increasing hostility between the poor and wealthy in the Chesapeake region. | 8 | |
| 5569622527 | Battles of Lexington and Concord | Initiated the Revolutionary War between the American colonists and the British. British governor Thomas Gage sent troops to stop the colonists who were loading arms. The next day, on April 19, 1775, the first shots were fired, starting the war. The battles resulted in a British retreat to Boston | 9 | |
| 5569622528 | Benjamin Franklin | During the Revolutionary War, served as an ambassador to France. Franklin was the oldest delegate to the Constitutional Convention and his advice proved crucial in the drafting of the Constitution. Been held up as the paradigm of Enlightenment throughout in Colonial America because of his contributions to the fields of science and philosophy | 10 | |
| 5569622530 | Bill Of Rights | Although the Anti-Federalists failed to block the ratification of the Constitution, created to protect individuals from government interference and possible tyranny. Drafted by a group led by James Madison, consisted of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which guaranteed the civil rights of American citizens. | 11 | |
| 5569622531 | Bland-Allison Act | 1878 - Authorized coinage of a limited number of silver dollars and "silver certificate" paper money. First of several government subsidies to silver producers in depression periods. Required government to buy between $2 and $4 million worth of silver. Created a partial dual coinage system referred to as "limping bimetallism." Repealed in 1900. | 12 | |
| 5569622532 | Bleeding Kansas | Missouri border ruffians crossed into the Kansas to vote against slavery (led by John Brown) - severely divided the fledgling state | 13 | |
| 5569622535 | Boston Massacre | In March 1770, a crowd of colonists protested against British customs agents and the presence of British troops in Boston. Violence flared and five colonists were killed. | 14 | |
| 5569622536 | Boston Tea Party | Boston patriots organized this protest the 1773 Tea Act. In December 1773, Samuel Adams warned Boston residents of the consequences of the Tea Act. Boston was boycotting the tea in protest of the Tea Act and would not let the ships bring the tea ashore. Finally, on the night of December 16, 1773, colonials disguised as Indians boarded the ships and threw the tea overboard. They did so because they were afraid that Governor Hutchinson would secretly unload the tea because he owned a share in the cargo. | 15 | |
| 5569622538 | Brigham Young | Leader of Mormons | 16 | |
| 5569622546 | Chinese Exclusion Act | 1882 - Chinese immigrants had to be examined, and all convicts, polygamists, prostitutes, anarchists, persons suffering from loathsome or contagious diseases, and persons liable to become public disturbances and problems were all excluded form the U.S | 17 | |
| 5569622552 | Compromise of 1850 | Devised by Clay - California was free state, stricter Fugitive Slave Law, ended Slave Trade in DC | 18 | |
| 5569622562 | Declaratory Act | Passed in 1766 just after the repeal of the Stamp Act, stated that Parliament could legislate for the colonies in all cases. Most colonists interpreted the act as a face-saving mechanism and nothing more. Parliament, however, continually interpreted the act in its broadest sense in order to legislate in and control the colonies. | 19 | |
| 5569622564 | Democrats 1836-1850 | TRADITION, opposed banks and corporations as state legislated economic privilege, anti state legistlaed reforms and preferred individual freedom of choice, TJ agrarians, expansion, progress thru external growth, SOUTH | 20 | |
| 5569622567 | Dred Scott v Sanford | Supreme Court case that decided US Congress did not have the power to prohibit slavery in federal territories and slaves, as private property, could not be taken away without due process - basically slaves would remain slaves in non-slave states and slaves could not sue because they were not citizens | 21 | |
| 5569622569 | Embargo Act | In response to impressment, this bill halted all foreign trade with disastrous economic consequences (1807) | 22 | |
| 5569622575 | Federalists | Led by Alexander Hamilton, believed in a strong central government, loose interpretation, and encouraged commerce and manufacturing. They were staunch supporters of the Constitution during ratification and were a political force during the early years of the United States. Influence declined after the election of Republican Thomas Jefferson to the presidency and disappeared completely after the Hartford Convention. | 23 | |
| 5569622576 | First Continental Congress | Convened on September 5, 1774, to protest the Intolerable Acts. Endorsed the Suffolk Resolves, voted for a boycott of British imports, and sent a petition to King George III, conceding to Parliament the power of regulation of commerce but stringently objecting to its arbitrary taxation and unfair judicial system. | 24 | |
| 5569622577 | First Great Awakening | A time of religious fervor during the 1730s and 1740s. The movement arose in reaction to the rise of skepticism and the waning of religious faith brought about by the Enlightenment. Protestant ministers held revivals throughout the English colonies in America, stressing the need for individuals to repent and urging a personal understanding of truth. | 25 | |
| 5569622583 | Free Soilers | People who opposed expansion of slavery into western territories | 26 | |
| 5569622586 | Fugitive Slave Law | Enacted by Congress in 1793 and 1850, these laws provided for the return of escaped slaves to their owners. The North was lax about enforcing the 1793 law, with irritated the South no end. The 1850 law was tougher and was aimed at eliminating the underground railroad. | 27 | |
| 5569622591 | Harriet Beecher Stowe | She wrote the abolitionist book, Uncle Tom's Cabin. It helped to crystallize the rift between the North and South. It has been called the greatest American propaganda novel ever written, and helped to bring about the Civil War. | 28 | |
| 5569622592 | Hartford Convention | Meeting by Federalists dissatisfied with the war to draft a new Constitution; resulted in seemingly traitorous Federalist party's collapse | 29 | |
| 5569622598 | Whigs | Originally colonists supporting independence. In the mid 1830s, opposed Jackson's strong-armed leadership style and policies. Promoted protective tariffs, federal funding for internal improvements, and other measures that strengthened the central government. Reaching its height of popularity in the 1830s, disappeared from the national political scene by the 1850s. | 30 | |
| 5569622602 | Indian removal act | This act granted the president funds and authority to remove Native Americans (1830) | 31 | |
| 5569622605 | Intolerable Acts | Passed in 1774, were the combination of the four Coercive Acts, meant to punish the colonists after the 1773, Boston Tea Party and the unrelated Quebec Act. Seen by American colonists as a blueprint for a British plan to deny the Americans representative government. They were the impetus for the convening of the First Continental Congress. | 32 | |
| 5569622609 | James K. Polk | Slave owning southerner dedicated to Democratic party. In 1844, he was a "dark horse" candidate for president, and he won the election. Polk favored American expansion, especially advocating the annexation of Texas, California, and Oregon. He was a friend and follower of Andrew Jackson. He opposed Clay's American System, instead advocating lower tariff, separation the treasury and the federal government from the banking system. He was a nationalist who believed in Manifest Destiny. | 33 | |
| 5569622613 | John Winthrop | As governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, (1588-1649) was instrumental in forming the colony's government and shaping its legislative policy. He envisioned the colony, centered in present-day Boston, as a "city upon a hill" from which Puritans would spread religious righteousness throughout the world. | 34 | |
| 5569622614 | Judiciary Act of 1789 | established a Supreme Court and district courts (1789) | 35 | |
| 5569622615 | Kansas-Nebraska Act | created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands, repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and allowed the settlers to decide whether or not to have slavery within those territories | 36 | |
| 5569622621 | Lecompton Constitution | pro-slavery constitution suggested for Kansas' admission to the union - rejected | 37 | |
| 5569622623 | Lincoln-Douglass Debates | Seven debates before election of 1860 - mostly over issues of slavery | 38 | |
| 5569622629 | Marbury v. Madison | (1803) Case in which a midnight appointee of the Adams administration sued the incoming President for commission. Chief Justice Marshall said the law that gave the courts the power to rule over this issue was unconstitutional. established judicial review | 39 | |
| 5569622631 | Missouri Compromise | Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state, Maine to enter the union as a free state, prohibited slavery north of latitude 36˚ 30' within the Louisiana Territory (1820) | 40 | |
| 5569622632 | Molasses Act of 1733 | British legislation which had taxed all molasses, rum, and sugar which the colonies imported from countries other than Britain and her colonies. The act angered the New England colonies, which imported a lot of molasses from the Caribbean as part of the Triangular Trade. The British had difficulty enforcing the tax; most colonial merchants did not pay it. | 41 | |
| 5569622644 | Northwest Ordinance | Defined the process by which new states could be admitted into the Union from the Northwest Territory. The ordinance forbade slavery in the territory but allowed citizens to vote on the legality of slavery once statehood had been established. Was the most lasting measure of the national government under the Articles of Confederation | 42 | |
| 5569622659 | Republicans 1780-1801 | States' rights, strict interpretation, encouraged agriculture and rural life, South and West, France, Civil liberties and trust in people | 43 | |
| 5569622667 | Samuel Adams | Played a key role in the defense of colonial rights. He had been a leader of the Sons of Liberty and suggested the formation of the Committees of Correspondence. Was crucial in spreading the principle of colonial rights throughout New England and is credited with provoking the Boston Tea Party.. | 44 | |
| 5569622669 | Second Continental Congress | Convened in May 1775, the Congress opposed the drastic move toward complete independence from Britain. In an effort to reach a reconciliation, the Congress offered peace under the conditions that there be a cease-fire in Boston, that the Coercive Acts be repealed, and that negotiations begin immediately. King George III rejected the petition. | 45 | |
| 5569622670 | Second Great Awakening | A series of religious revivals starting in 1801, based on Methodism and Baptism. Stressed a religious philosophy of salvation through good deeds and tolerance for all Protestant sects. The revivals attracted women, Blacks, and Native Americans. | 46 | |
| 5569622671 | Seneca Falls Convention | Kicked off the equal-rights-for-women campaign led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony (1848) | 47 | |
| 5569622672 | Sherman Anti-Trust Act | First United States law to limit trusts and big business. Said that any trust that was purposefully restraining interstate trade was illegal. | 48 | |
| 5569622678 | Stephen Douglas | Politician who debated Lincoln prior to 1860 election - advocated annexation of Mexico and strong supporter for Compromise of 1850 | 49 | |
| 5569622686 | The Jay Treaty | Treaty in which Britain agreed to evacuate its posts on the US western frontier (1794) | 50 | |
| 5569622688 | The Whiskey Rebellion | group of farmers refused to pay federal excise tax on whiskey, Washington responds decisively with troops (1794) | 51 | |
| 5569622689 | The XYZ Affair | Three French agents asked for over ten million dollars in tribute before they would begin diplomatic talks with America. When Americans heard the news, they were outraged. Adams decided to strengthen the Navy to show France that America was a force to be reckoned with | 52 | |
| 5569622690 | Thomas Jefferson | A prominent statesman, became George Washington's first secretary of state. Along with James Madison, took up the cause of strict constructionists and the Republican Party, advocating limited federal government. As the nation's third president from 1801 to 1809, organized the national government by Republican ideals, doubled the size of the nation, and struggled to maintain American neutrality | 53 | |
| 5569622691 | Tories | The Tories were colonists who disagreed with the move for independence and did not support the Revolution. | 54 | |
| 5569622692 | Townshend Duties | Officially called the Revenue Act of 1767 taxed glass, lead, paper, paint, and tea entering the colonies. The colonists objected to the fact that the act was clearly designed to raise revenue exclusively for England rather than to regulate trade in a manner favorable to the entire British empire. | 55 | |
| 5569622693 | Transcendentalism | New types of literature, religion, culture, and philosophy that emerged in New England - middle 1800s - Ralph Waldo Emmerson, Henry David Thoreau, and Margret Fuller | 56 | |
| 5569622694 | Treaty of Ghent | : Treaty that ended the War of 1812 and maintained prewar conditions | 57 | |
| 5569622696 | Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo | Ended Mexican War - US received Texas (with Rio Grande border) and other states - US paid Mexico $15 million dollars | 58 | |
| 5569622697 | Treaty of Paris (1763): | The 1763 treaty that ended the Seven Years War in Europe and the parallel French and Indian War in North America. Under the treaty, Britain won all of Canada and almost all of the modern United States east of the Mississippi. | 59 | |
| 5569622701 | Uncle Tom's Cabin | abolitionist book by Harriet Beecher Stowe | 60 | |
| 5569622704 | Virginia Plan | Presented to the Constitutional Convention and proposed the creation of a bicameral legislature with representation in both houses proportional to population. Favored the large states, which would have a much greater voice. In opposition, the small states proposed the New Jersey Plan. In the end, the two sides found common ground through the Connecticut Compromise. | 61 | |
| 5569622707 | War of 1812 | Resulted from Britain's support of Indian hostilities along the frontier, interference with American trade, and impressments of American sailors into the British army (1812 - 1815) | 62 | |
| 5569622710 | WIlliam Penn | English Quaker, founded Pennsylvania in 1682, after receiving a charter from King Charles II the year before. He launched the colony as a "holy experiment" based on religious tolerance. | 63 | |
| 5569622713 | Wilmot Proviso | Bill that would ban slavery in the territories acquired after the War with Mexico (1846) | 64 | |
| 5572273369 | Abraham Lincoln | 16th President of the United States saved the Union during the Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865) | 65 | |
| 5572277478 | John Brown | An abolitionist who attempted to lead a slave revolt by capturing Armories in southern territory and giving weapons to slaves, was hung in Harpers Ferry after capturing an Armory | 66 | |
| 5621912430 | Robert E. Lee | Appointed command of the Confederate Army in 1862 during the Civil War. Despite his skill he was forced to surrender to Ulysses S Grant at Appomattox Courthouse in 1865. | 67 | |
| 5621915369 | Ulysses S. Grant | an American general and the eighteenth President of the United States (1869-1877). He achieved international fame as the leading Union general in the American Civil War. | 68 | |
| 5621916633 | Anaconda Plan | Union war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R, and to take an army through heart of south | 69 | |
| 5621920986 | Andrew Jackson | (1829-1833) and (1833-1837), Indian removal act, nullification crisis, Old Hickory," first southern/ western president," President for the common man," pet banks, spoils system, specie circular, trail of tears, Henry Clay Flectural Process. | 70 | |
| 5621923013 | John Adams | He was the second president of the United States and a Federalist. He was responsible for passing the Alien and Sedition Acts. Prevented all out war with France after the XYZ Affair. His passing of the Alien and Sedition Acts severely hurt the popularity of the Federalist party and himself | 71 | |
| 5621932002 | Mercantilism | Economic policy common to many absolute monarchies. Government control of foreign trade is of paramount importance for ensuring the military security of the country. In particular, it demands a positive balance of trade and desires new sources of gold and silver bullion, thus fueling more colonialism. | 72 | |
| 5621937560 | Slave codes | Laws that controlled the lives of enslaved African Americans and denied them basic rights. | 73 | |
| 5621942746 | Indentured servants | Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years | 74 | |
| 5621951210 | French and Indian War | (1754-1763) War fought in the colonies between the English and the French for possession of the Ohio Valley area. The English won. | 75 | |
| 5622876858 | Monroe Doctrine | 1823 - Declared that Europe should not interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere and that any attempt at interference by a European power would be seen as a threat to the U.S. It also declared that a New World colony which has gained independence may not be recolonized by Europe. (It was written at a time when many South American nations were gaining independence). Only England, in particular George Canning, supported the Monroe Doctrine. Mostly just a show of nationalism, the doctrine had no major impact until later in the 1800s. | 76 | |
| 5622891512 | Nat Turner | Leader of a slave rebellion in 1831 in Virginia. Revolt led to the deaths of 20 whites and 40 blacks and led to the "gag rule' outlawing any discussion of slavery in the House of Representatives | 77 | |
| 5622891513 | Frederick Douglas | (1817-1895) American abolitionist and writer, he escaped slavery and became a leading African American spokesman and writer. He published his biography, The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, and founded the abolitionist newspaper, the North Star. | 78 | |
| 5622911753 | Indian Removal Act | Passed in 1830, authorized Andrew Jackson to negotiate land-exchange treaties with tribes living east of the Mississippi. The treaties enacted under this act's provisions paved the way for the reluctant—and often forcible—emigration of tens of thousands of American Indians to the West. | 79 | |
| 5622916823 | Shakers | 1770's by "Mother" Ann Lee; Utopian group that splintered from the Quakers; believed that they & all other churches had grown too interested in this world & neglectful of their afterlives; prohibited marriage and sexual relationships; practiced celibacy | 80 | |
| 5622921460 | Abolitionists | Anti-slavery activists who demanded the immediate end of slavery. | 81 | |
| 5622924593 | Manifest Destiny | A belief shared by many Americans in the mid-1800s that the United States should expand across the continent to the Pacific Ocean. | 82 | |
| 5622931051 | Alamo | the mission in San Antonio where in 1836 Mexican forces under Santa Anna besieged and massacred American rebels who were fighting to make Texas independent of Mexico | 83 | |
| 5622940026 | Popular Sovereignty | Notion that the people of a territory should determine if they want to be a slave state or a free state. | 84 | |
| 5622955169 | Jefferson Davis | President of the Confederate States of America | 85 | |
| 5622961662 | Emancipation Proclamation | (1862) an order issued by President Abraham Lincoln freeing the slaves in areas rebelling against the Union; took effect January 1, 1863 | 86 | |
| 5622967457 | Gettysburg | July 1st-3rd, 1863. Major turning point of the war. It is a Union Victory, and the South retreats from the North. General Lee never invades the North again. | 87 | |
| 5622970549 | Fort Sumner | Confederate forced the Union to surrender the U. Of S. Fort in Charleston, SC. Marked the official start of the Civil War. | 88 | |
| 5735622261 | Appomattox | April 1865., the Virginia town where Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in 1865, ending the Civil War | 89 |
AP US History: Chapter 15 Reconstruction Flashcards
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| 8363162829 | Ten Percent Plan | Lincoln's plan that allowed a Southern state to form its own government afetr ten percent of its voters swore an oath of loyalty to the United States | 0 | |
| 8363162830 | Wade-Davis Bill | an 1864 plan for Reconstruction that denied the right to vote or hold office for anyone who had fought for the Confederacy...Lincoln refused to sign this bill thinking it was too harsh. Required an oath of alligence from the majority of white men in state State gov can only be comprised by those who had never taken up arm against the Union Permanent disenfranchisement of Confederate leaders Lincoln defeated this act with a pocket veto | 1 | |
| 8363162831 | Black Codes | Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil War | 2 | |
| 8363162832 | Freedmen's Bureau | created by Congress to provide clothing, shelter, education, food, and medicine to former slaves (vetoed by Johnson and overrode by Congress) | 3 | |
| 8363162833 | Civil Rights Act of 1866 | A federal law that authorized federal action against segregation in public accommodations, public facilities, and employment. (vetoed by Johnson and overrode by Congress) | 4 | |
| 8363162834 | Fourteenth Amendment | guarantees equal protection of the law and rights of citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the USA, including former slaves. | 5 | |
| 8363162835 | Reconstruction Act of 1867 | Act passed by Congress that abolished previous state governments and set up 5 temporary military districts run by Union generals. | 6 | |
| 8363162836 | Fifteenth Amendment | guaranteed voting rights regardless of race or previous condition of servitude | 7 | |
| 8363162837 | American Woman Suffrage Association | organization led by Lucy Stone, Henry Blackwell, and others who remained loyal to the Republican party, despite its failure to include women's voting rights in the 15th Amendment | 8 | |
| 8363162838 | National Woman Suffrage Association | led by Susan B. Anthony, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton in response to the split within the American Equal Right Association over support of the 15th amendment. Anthony and Stanton thought that they shouldn't support the 15th amendment unless it included the vote for women. | 9 | |
| 8363162839 | Minor v. Happersett | the court acknowledged that women were citizens but found that the constitution did not guarantee women citizens the right to vote | 10 | |
| 8363162840 | sharecropping | A system used on southern farms after the Civil War in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops. | 11 | |
| 8363162841 | Union League | the black political organization that promoted self-help and defense of political rights In 1860s black and white republicans joined forces through the ------- - a secret fraternal order Formed in border states and northern cities during civil war Pressured congress to uphold justice for freedman After black got their right this groups organized marrying g at churches and stuff to instruct freedman on political issues | 12 | |
| 8363162842 | scalawags | A derogatory term for Southerners who were working with the North to buy up land from desperate Southerners | 13 | |
| 8363162843 | carpetbaggers | A derogatory term applied to Northerners who migrated south during the Reconstruction to take advantage of opportunities to advance their own fortunes | 14 | |
| 8363162844 | convict leasing | Notorious system, begun during reconstruction, whereby southern state officials allowed private companies to hire out prisoners to labor under brutal conditions in mines and other industries | 15 | |
| 8363162845 | Civil Rights Act of 1875 | A federal law that authorized federal action against segregation in public accommodations, public facilities, and employment. | 16 | |
| 8363162846 | Freedman's Savings and Trust Company | a private bank founded in 1865 to aid displaced blacks and other war refugees Private bank founded in 1865 Worked closely with the Freedman's Bureau and Union army across the south Former slaves associated it with The party of Lincoln - 1000 responded and gave thrifts and small saving to the the banks branches In the early 1870s tho, the bank's director sank their money into risky loans and speculative investments June 1874 the bank failed Republicans feel that congress should step in Cingress refuse to refund the 61k depositors ½ recovers about 18$- but others revived nothing | 17 | |
| 8363162847 | classical liberalism | a political ideology that values the freedom of individuals — including the freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and markets — as well as limited government. | 18 | |
| 8363162848 | laissez faire | Idea that government should play as small a role as possible in economic affairs | 19 | |
| 8363162849 | Crédit Mobilier | a joint-stock company organized in 1863 and reorganized in 1867 to build the Union Pacific Railroad. It was involved in a scandal in 1872 in which high government officials were accused of accepting bribes. | 20 | |
| 8363162850 | "Redemption" | Southern Democratic term for the end of Reconstruction and the return of white southern Democratic rule to the South. | 21 | |
| 8363162851 | Ku Klux Klan | A secret society created by white southerners in 1866 that used terror and violence to keep African Americans from obtaining their civil rights. | 22 | |
| 8363162852 | Enforcement Laws | aimed at the KKK, protected the freedman's rights under the 14th and 15th amendments, authorized military action to suppress terrorist movements | 23 | |
| 8363162853 | Slaughter-House Cases | A group of decisions begun in 1873 in which the Court began to undercut the power of the Fourteenth Amendment to protect African American rights. | 24 | |
| 8363162854 | U.S. v. Cruikshank | Supreme Court decides the federal government cannot punish whites for oppressing blacks | 25 | |
| 8363162855 | Civil Rights Cases | Supreme Court decision in 1883 that said the Fourteenth Amendment only made discrimination by government illegal; private citizens could do as they pleased. | 26 | |
| 8363162856 | Andrew Johnson | United States President during Reconstruction; he was impeached by Congress for not agreeing with their plan to reconstruct the South. | 27 | |
| 8363162857 | Charles Sumner | the Republican idealist who pushed for black suffrage during Reconstruction as a principle of black freedom and racial equality First introduced his bill in 1870 Wanting to enforce equal access to schools, public transportations, hotels, and churches - the bill remained at Capitol Hill for 5 years Opponents said shared public spaces will lead to intermarriage On his deathbed Summer exhorted a visitor to remember the civil rights bill Congress did pass Civil Rights Act of 1875- but took out pet about mixing churches and schools Last of such Act, till the Civil Right Act of 1964 | 28 | |
| 8363162858 | Thaddeus Stevens | A Radical Republican who believed in harsh punishments for the South. Leader of the Radical Republicans in Congress. | 29 | |
| 8363162859 | Ulysses S. Grant | President who used his authority to fight against the KKK and secure rights for freed slaves; scandals and public opinion slowed his effectiveness | 30 | |
| 8363162860 | Elizabeth Cady Stanton | An American social activist, abolitionist, and leading figure of the early woman's movement | 31 | |
| 8363162861 | Robert Smalls | Slave who worked for the Confederates as a planter pilot. Stole a vessel and loaded it with family and took it to the Union. Important politician and established a Republican party in South Carolina. | 32 | |
| 8363162862 | Blanche K. Bruce | U.S. politician who represented Mississippi as a Republican in the U.S. Senate from 1875 to 1881; of mixed race, he was the first elected black senator to serve a full term | 33 | |
| 8363162863 | Nathan Bedford Forrest | Confederate cavalry leader who later became a founder of the Ku Klux Klan A decorated confederate general Born in poverty 1821 Risen to become a big-time slave trader and Mississippi planter A fiery secessionist, formed a Tennessee Confederate Cavalry regiment, fought at the battle of Shiloh Won fame as a daring raider April 12, 1864 - his troop perpetuated the massacre at Fort Pillow, Tennessee, (black union soldier tryna surrender) His determination to upheld white supremacy altered course of Reconstruction | 34 |
AP US History Chapter 6 Flashcards
AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 6 The Constitution and the New Republic, 1787-1800
Terms : Hide Images
| 5769718676 | James Madison | He is one of the people who wrote the Constitution, and he is known as the Father of the Constitution. He was later elected president in 1808, and served for two terms. (p. 104) |  | 0 |
| 5769718677 | Alexander Hamilton | One of the authors of the Federalist Papers. He favored a strong central government. He was George Washington's secretary of the treasury. (p. 106) |  | 1 |
| 5769718678 | Framers of the Constitution | In the summer of 1787, 55 delegates met in Philadelphia to create a federal constitution. As a group they were wealthy, white, male, educated and most were heavily involved in state governments. (p. 104) |  | 2 |
| 5769718679 | Gouverneur Morris | Leader who helped write the Constitution. (p. 105) |  | 3 |
| 5769718680 | John Dickinson | Leader who helped write the Constitution. (p. 105) |  | 4 |
| 5769718681 | Federalists | Favored a strong central government, and a Constitution to improve on the Articles of Confederation. They were most common along the Atlantic coast and in the large cities. (p. 106) |  | 5 |
| 5769718682 | Anti-Federalist | Argued that the proposed Constitution contained no protection of individual rights, and that it gave the federal government too much power. They tended to be small farmers and settlers on the western frontier. (p. 106) |  | 6 |
| 5769718683 | The Federalist Papers | Series of essays, later published as a book, written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay. It argued effectively in favor of Constitution. (p. 106) |  | 7 |
| 5769718684 | Bill of Rights; amendments | The first ten amendments to the Constitution, added to protect the rights of individual citizens, and adopted in 1781. (p. 108) |  | 8 |
| 5769718685 | Washington's Farewell Address | In late 1796, George Washington wrote this address for publication in newspapers. It warned Americans: not to get involved in European affairs, not to make permanent alliances in foreign affairs, not to from political parties, and not to fall into sectionalism. (p. 115) |  | 9 |
| 5769718686 | permanent alliances | George Washington's farewell address warned against in having permanent alliances in foreign affairs. (p. 115) |  | 10 |
| 5769718687 | Alien and Sedition Acts | Acts by the Federalists, which authorized the president to deport dangerous aliens, and detain enemy aliens in wartime. Made it illegal for newspaper editors to criticize the president or Congress. (p. 117) |  | 11 |
| 5769718688 | Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions | In 1799, two states passed resolutions that argued states had the right to nullify laws passed at the federal level. (p. 117) |  | 12 |
| 5769718689 | slave trade | At the Constitutional Convention it was agreed that the slaves could be imported for twenty more years, until 1808. At that time, Congress could vote to abolish the practice. (p. 105) |  | 13 |
| 5769718690 | infant industries | This was part of Federalist Alexander Hamilton's economic plan. The term for new and developing industries, which were supported by placing high tariffs on imported goods. (p. 110) |  | 14 |
| 5769718691 | national bank | This was part of Federalist Alexander Hamilton's economic plan. He favored a bank for depositing government funds and printing banknotes that could provide the basis for a stable U.S. currency. (p. 110) |  | 15 |
| 5769718692 | tariffs; excise taxes | This was part of Federalist Alexander Hamilton's economic plan. High tariffs were placed on imported goods to help new and developing industries. (p. 110) |  | 16 |
| 5769718693 | Battle of Fallen Timbers | In 1794, the U.S. Army led by General Anthony Wayne defeated the American Indians at this battle in northwestern Ohio. (p. 113) |  | 17 |
| 5769718694 | Treaty of Greenville | In this treaty in 1795, the American Indians surrendered claims to the Ohio Valley and promised to open it to settlement. (p. 113) |  | 18 |
| 5769718695 | Public Land Act (1796) | In 1796, this act established orderly procedures for dividing and selling federal lands at reasonable prices. (p. 113) |  | 19 |
| 5769718696 | Mt. Vernon Conference | In 1785, George Washington hosted a conference at his home, in Mt. Vernon, Virginia. It led to the Annapolis Convention of 1786. (p. 104) |  | 20 |
| 5769718697 | Annapolis Convention | In 1786, only five states sent delegates to this convention. However, it led to Constitutional Convention of 1787. (p. 104) |  | 21 |
| 5769718698 | Constitutional Convention | In the summer of 1787, 55 delegates from the thirteen states, excluding Rhode Island, met in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The purpose was to create the Constitution, which would replace the Articles of Confederation. (p. 104) | | 22 |
| 5769718699 | checks and balances | So that one one branch of government could not dominate, the Constitution divided the government into three branches: 1) executive branch led by the president, 2) legislative branch consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives 3) judicial branch lead by the Supreme Court (p. 109) |  | 23 |
| 5769718700 | Virginia Plan | James Madison's proposal at the Constitutional Convention, which favored the large states. (p. 105) |  | 24 |
| 5769718701 | New Jersey Plan | The counter proposal to the Virginia plan at the Constitutional Convention, it favored the small states. (p 105) |  | 25 |
| 5769718702 | Connecticut Plan; Great Compromise | The compromise solution that was adopted at the Constitutional Convention. It was created by Roger Sherman of Connecticut, it provided for a two house Congress. In the Senate, states would have two senators each, but in the House of Representatives, each state would be represented according to the size of its population. (p. 105) |  | 26 |
| 5769718703 | House of Representatives | Part of the legislative branch, representation would be based on population of each state. (p. 105) |  | 27 |
| 5769718704 | Senate | Part of the legislative branch, there would be two senators from each state. (p. 105) |  | 28 |
| 5769718705 | Three Fifths Compromise | At the Constitutional Convention it was agreed that each slave would be counted as three-fifths of a person for the purpose of determining a state's level of taxation and representation. (p. 105) |  | 29 |
| 5769718706 | Commercial Compromise | At the Constitutional Convention Congress was allowed to regulate interstate and foreign commerce, including placing tariffs on foreign imports but prohibited for placing taxes on exports. (p. 105) |  | 30 |
| 5769718707 | electoral college system | This system would determine the president of the United States. Each state was given a number of electors equal to the total of their number of representatives and senators. These electors would then vote to determine the president. (p. 106) |  | 31 |
| 5769718708 | Legislative branch | The branch of the federal government that makes the laws, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. (p. 105) |  | 32 |
| 5769718709 | Congress | The legislative branch consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. (p. 105) |  | 33 |
| 5769718710 | executive departments; cabinet | George Washington organized new departments of the executive (law-enforcing) branch. These appointments had to be confirmed by the Senate. The term for the heads of the executive departments appointed by the president. (p. 110) |  | 34 |
| 5769718711 | Henry Knox | President George Washington's secretary of war. (p. 110) |  | 35 |
| 5769718712 | Edmund Randolph | President George Washington's attorney general. (p. 110) |  | 36 |
| 5769718713 | Judiciary Act (1789) | In 1789, this act established a Supreme Court with one chief justice and five associate justices. The Supreme Court was able to rule on the constitutionality of state courts. It provided for a system of thirteen district courts and three courts of appeals. (p. 110) |  | 37 |
| 5769718714 | federal courts | Thirteen district courts and three courts of appeals created by the Judiciary Act. (p. 110) |  | 38 |
| 5769718715 | Supreme Court | The only court mentioned in the Constitution. Although, other federal courts were created. (p. 110) |  | 39 |
| 5769718716 | national debt | This was part of Federalist Alexander Hamilton's economic plan. He insisted that the federal government assume the war debts of the states and pay off the national debt at face value. (p. 110) |  | 40 |
| 5769718717 | Whiskey Rebellion | In 1794, a group of farmers in western Pennsylvania, refused to pay a federal excise tax (tax on a specific product) on whiskey they were producing. President Washington responded by using 15,000 militiamen to stop the rebellion with almost no bloodshed. (p. 113) |  | 41 |
| 5769718718 | Federalists era | The period of U.S. history in the 1790s when Federalists, led by Alexander Hamilton, dominated the government. (p. 114) |  | 42 |
| 5769718719 | Democratic-Republican Party | Political party that were against the Federalists. They opposed strong central government and favored states rights. They were led by Thomas Jefferson. (p. 114) |  | 43 |
| 5769718720 | political parties | Not anticipated by founders of the United States. However, buy 1787, the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans parties were forming to push their agendas. (p. 113) |  | 44 |
| 5769718721 | two-term tradition | In 1796, George Washington decided to step down after two terms (four years per term) as president. This set the precedent, until Franklin Delano Roosevelt won four elections. In 1951, the 22nd amendment made two-term limit part of the Constitution. (p. 115) |  | 45 |
| 5769718722 | John Adams | In 1796, this Federalist, was elected as the second president of the United States. In 1800, he lost the presidential election to Thomas Jefferson, a Democratic-Republican. (p. 115, 117) |  | 46 |
| 5769718723 | Revolution of 1800 | In the 1800 election, Democratic-Republicans came into power in both the executive and legislative branches of government. They defeated the Federalists and peacefully took power, which was an uncommon event at that time in history. (p. 118) |  | 47 |
| 5769718724 | French Revolution | Americans generally supported the French people's aspiration to establish a republic, but many were horrified by the reports of mob hysteria and mass executions. Thomas Jefferson and his supporters argued that the U.S. should join France in its defensive war against Britain. However, George Washington believed that the U.S. was too young a nation and not strong enough to engage in a European war. (p. 111) |  | 48 |
| 5769718725 | Proclamation of Neutrality (1793) | In 1793, President George Washington issued a proclamation the U.S. would remain neutral in the war between Britain and France. (p. 111) |  | 49 |
| 5769718726 | "Citizen" Genet | Edmund Gent, the French minister to the United States, objected to Washington's neutrality in the war between Britain and France. He appealed directly to the American people to support the French cause. France removed him from his position at the United States's request. (p. 111) |  | 50 |
| 5769718727 | Jay Treaty (1794) | In 1794, this treaty with Britain, was negotiated by Chief Justice John Jay. The U.S. wanted Britain to stop seizing U.S. ships and impressing our sailors. However, the treaty said nothing about ship seizures, and Britain only agreed to evacuate posts on the U.S. frontier. (p. 111) |  | 51 |
| 5769718728 | Pinckney Treaty (1795) | In 1795, Thomas Pinckney, the U.S. minister to Spain, negotiated this treaty with Spain. Spain agreed to open the lower Mississippi and New Orleans to trade. The right of deposit was granted to Americans so they could transfer cargos in New Orleans without paying duties. It was agreed that Spain would only control area south of the 31st parallel. (p 112) |  | 52 |
| 5769718729 | Right of deposit | United States ships gained right to transfer cargoes in New Orleans without Spanish duties. (p. 112) |  | 53 |
| 5769718730 | XYZ Affair | President John Adams sent a delegation to Paris to negotiate over U.S. merchant ships being attacked by French ships. French ministers, known as X, Y, and Z, because there names were never revealed, requested bribes. President Adams resisted a call for war, by sending a new delegation to France. (p. 116) |  | 54 |
AP US History: Reconstruction#2 Flashcards
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| 5361670915 | Proclaimation of Amnesty and Reconstruction | Offered a full pardon and restoration of white Southerner's property if they swore allegiance | 0 | |
| 5361670916 | Ten Percent Plan | Only required 10% of states' population to swear allegiance to the union, compared to the Radical Republicans' 50% | 1 | |
| 5361670917 | Radical Republicans | Extreme right-wing government faction during the Civil War and through Reconstruction | 2 | |
| 5361670918 | Wade-Davis Bill | Required 50% of a states' population to pledge allegiance to the Union and set stronger safeguards on emancipation | 3 | |
| 5361670919 | Merriman Howard | "My Lord will enable class to enjoy the sweet boon of freedom" | 4 | |
| 5361670920 | Freedmen's Bureau | Founded in 1865 by Congress to help former black slaves and poor whites in the aftermath of the Civil War | 5 | |
| 5361670921 | Special Field Order 15 | Granted 40 acres to freed slaves along the Georgia and South Carolina coast | 6 | |
| 5361670922 | Andrew Johnson | 17th president, came to office at the end of Civil War, favored quick restoration of the seceded states of the Union | 7 | |
| 5361670923 | Yeoman Farmer | A southern farmer who owned a modest farm and a few slaves, middle class of the Pre-War south | 8 | |
| 5361670924 | Johnson's Presidential Reconstruction | South should help themselves, Af-Am's could not manage themselves and did not deserve the vote, gave over 7000 presidential pardons to Confederate generals | 9 | |
| 5361670925 | Black codes | Laws passed by Southern states in 65-66 after the Civil War. Restricted Af-Am's freedoms. | 10 | |
| 5361670926 | Yearly Labor Contract | Southern states often forced former slaves to sign contracts which forced them to work for their "owners" for a year, similar to slavery | 11 | |
| 5361670927 | Thaddeus Stevens | One of the leaders of the Radical Republican party from Pennsylvania | 12 | |
| 5361670928 | Charles Sumner | Another leader of Radical Republican party from Massachusetts, leader of antislavery forces in MA, | 13 | |
| 5361670929 | Civil Rights Bill | First U.S. law to define citizenship and to affirm citizens are protected by the law, intended to protect rights of Af-Am's | 14 | |
| 5361670930 | Fourteenth amendment | Granted citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the U.S.", including freed slaves | 15 | |
| 5361670931 | Reconstruction Act | Acts passed by Congress which required states to ratify the 14th amendment and form new states constitutions | 16 | |
| 5361670932 | Tenure of Office Act | Intended to restrict the power of the president to remove office holders without permission of the Senate | 17 | |
| 5361670933 | Ulysses Grant | Fought in civil war for North, disabled KKK, became president | 18 | |
| 5361670934 | Fifteenth amendment | Black males are made voters | 19 | |
| 5361670935 | Elizabeth Cady Stanton & Susan B. Anthony | Co-leaders of NWSA and were for pro-suffrage | 20 | |
| 5361670936 | National Woman Suffrage Association | Opposed 15th | 21 | |
| 5361670937 | American Woman Suffrage Association | Approved 15th | 22 | |
| 5361670938 | Union League | Educated South Af-Am's about civic life, built black schools/churches, represented Af-Am's interests | 23 | |
| 5361670939 | Hiram Revels | 1st black citizen in U.S. Senate | 24 | |
| 5361670940 | Blanche K. Bruce | Mississippi rep black senator, served full term | 25 | |
| 5361670941 | Carpetbaggers | Northern businessmen/politicians who came to South to work on Reconstruction | 26 | |
| 5361670942 | Scalawags | Pro-Union southerners who were accused of plundering South resources | 27 | |
| 5361670943 | KKK | Extremist, paramilitary, right wing, secret society, violent, Pro-Protestant and Anglo Saxon | 28 | |
| 5361670944 | Meridian, MS | Where 30 blacks were murdered along with a Republican judge | 29 | |
| 5361670945 | Colfax, LA | Massacre between parties, 62-158 dead | 30 | |
| 5361670946 | United States v. Cruikshank | Supreme Court threw out some of the convictions of those convicted in the Colfax massacre | 31 | |
| 5361670947 | Redeemers | White democrats, redeem South from corruption | 32 | |
| 5361670948 | Rutherford B. Hayes | Corrupt Bargain, Republican | 33 | |
| 5361670949 | Samuel Tilden | Ran against Hayes, Democrat | 34 |
AP US History Period 2_Baker Flashcards
Important vocabulary of the colonization of North America in the 17th century.
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| 7264130419 | Jamestown | 1st permanent English settlement in North America in 1607. |  | 0 |
| 7264130420 | John Smith | A captain famous for world travel. As a young man, he took control in Jamestown. He organized the colony and saved many people from death the next winter and coined the phrase "he who shall not work, shall not eat". He also initiated attacks on Natives. |  | 1 |
| 7264130421 | John Rolfe | He was one of the English settlers at Jamestown (and he married Pocahontas). He discovered how to successfully grow tobacco in Virginia and cure it for export, which made Virginia an economically successful colony. Eventually, he was killed in a Pequot attack. |  | 2 |
| 7264130422 | Pocohontas | An American Indian princess who saved the life of John Smith and helped form more peaceful relations with the Powhatan when she married John Rolfe but died of smallpox in England on a visit to Rolfe's family. Her remains are still there as the English government refuses to send her remains back to North America. |  | 3 |
| 7264130423 | Mayflower Compact | 1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony |  | 4 |
| 7264130424 | John Winthrop | As governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, Winthrop (1588-1649) was instrumental in forming the colony's government and shaping its legislative policy. He envisioned the colony, centered in present-day Boston, as a "city upon a hill" from which Puritans would spread religious righteousness throughout the world. |  | 5 |
| 7264130425 | Puritans | A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England. They came to America for religious freedom and settled Massachusetts Bay. |  | 6 |
| 7264130426 | Pilgrims | English Puritans who founded Plymouth colony in 1620 |  | 7 |
| 7264130427 | Massachusetts Charter | Allowed Puritans to take a charter with them and establish their own government in the New World. |  | 8 |
| 7264130428 | Loss of Massachusetts Charter | Revoking of Mass. Charter by King George II due to the colonists refusal to obey by the Navigation Acts leading to anti-British feeling in the New England region. | 9 | |
| 7264130429 | New Amsterdam | A settlement established by the Dutch near the mouth of Hudson River and the southern end of Manhattan Island as a trade port for the Dutch trade empire. |  | 10 |
| 7264130430 | Great Migration of Puritans | 1630s- 70,000 refugees left England for New World increasing population of New England. |  | 11 |
| 7264130431 | New York | It was founded by the Dutch for trade and furs and became an English Colony in 1664, when the English were determined to end Dutch trade dominance, and took over the colony by invading New Amsterdam without having to fire a shot. |  | 12 |
| 7264130432 | Peter Stuyvesant | The governor of the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam, hated by the colonists. They surrendered the colony to the English on Sept. 8, 1664. |  | 13 |
| 7264130433 | House of Burgesses | 1619 - The Virginia House of Burgesses formed, the first legislative body in colonial America. It was made up of two representatives from teach town voted on by men who owned property. Later other colonies would adopt the Houses of Burgesses concept creating self-governing bodies in the colonies. |  | 14 |
| 7264130434 | Headright system | Headrights were parcels of land consisting of about 50 acres which were given to colonists who brought indentured servants into America. They were used by the Virginia Company to attract more colonists. |  | 15 |
| 7264130435 | Indentured servants | Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years |  | 16 |
| 7264130436 | Bacon's Rebellion | 1676 - Nathaniel Bacon and other western Virginia settlers were angry at Virginia Governor Berkley for trying to appease the Doeg Indians after the Doegs attacked the western settlements. The frontiersmen formed an army, with Bacon as its leader, which defeated the Indians and then marched on Jamestown and burned the city. The rebellion ended suddenly when Bacon died of an illness. |  | 17 |
| 7264130437 | King Phillip's War | 1675-1678- Under the leadership of Metacom, or King Phillip, the Wampanoag destroyed colonial towns, the colonists destroyed native farms, leading to the most deadly of Indian Wars. The war was disastrous for the natives leading to few surviving the war, and those that did left New England. |  | 18 |
| 7264130438 | royal colony | A colony ruled by governors appointed by a king |  | 19 |
| 7264130439 | proprietary colony | English colony in which the king gave land to proprietors in exchange for a yearly payment |  | 20 |
| 7264130440 | town meetings | A purely democratic form of government common in the colonies, and the most prevalent form of local government in New England. In general, the town's voting population would meet once a year to elect officers, levy taxes, and pass laws. |  | 21 |
| 7264130441 | Salem Witch Trials | 1692- outbreak of witchcraft accusations in a Puritan village marked by an atmosphere of fear, hysteria, and unfounded accusations in courts with Puritan ministers who served as judges. 19 women were executed. |  | 22 |
| 7264130442 | Roger Williams | A dissenter who clashed with the Massachusetts Puritans over separation of church and state and was banished in 1636, after which he founded the colony of Rhode Island to the south. |  | 23 |
| 7264130443 | Intolerant | Not willing to accept ways of thinking different from one's own. The expansion of colonies in New England was a direct result of Puritan intolerance as dissenters were exiled and created new settlements. | 24 | |
| 7264130444 | Anne Hutcheson | One of the dissenters in Puritan Massachusetts held bible studies at her house and believed in a personal relationship with god. She moved to New Hampshire where she died along with her children from an Indian attack. |  | 25 |
| 7264130445 | Thomas Hooker | A Puritan minister who led about 100 settlers out of Massachusetts Bay to Connecticut because he believed that the governor and other officials had too much power. He wanted to set up a colony in Connecticut with strict limits on government. He wrote the first written constitution "The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut". This would become a cherished ideal of the colonial settlers that laws were written not arbitrary. |  | 26 |
| 7264130446 | Sir William Berkeley | The royal governor of Virginia. Adopted policies that favored large planters and neglected the needs of recent settlers in the "backcountry." One reason was that he had fur trade deals with the natives in the region. His shortcomings led to Bacon's Rebellion |  | 27 |
| 7264130447 | William Penn | Established the colony of Pennsylvania as a "holy experiment". Freemen had the right to vote, provided leadership for self- government based on personal virtues and Quaker religious beliefs. His colony was religiously tolerant leading to diversity in the region. |  | 28 |
| 7264130448 | James Oglethorpe | Founded colony of Georgia as a chance for poor immigrants who were in debt to have a second chance at a comfortable life |  | 29 |
| 7264130449 | Lord Baltimore | 1694- He was the founder of Maryland, a colony which offered religious freedom, and a refuge for the persecuted Roman Catholics. |  | 30 |
| 7264130450 | Fundamental Orders of Connecticut | It has the features of a written constitution, and is considered by some as the first written Constitution. The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut is a short document, but contains some principles that were later applied in creating the United States government. Government is based in the rights of an individual, and the orders spell out some of those rights, as well as how they are ensured by the government. It provides that all free men share in electing their magistrates, and uses secret, paper ballots. It states the powers of the government, and some limits within which that power is exercised. |  | 31 |
| 7264130451 | Halfway Covenant | A Puritan church document; In 1662, the Halfway Covenant allowed partial membership rights to persons not yet converted into the Puritan church; It lessened the difference between the "elect" members of the church from the regular members; Women soon made up a larger portion of Puritan congregations. |  | 32 |
| 7264130452 | Dominion of New England | 1686 - The British government combined the colonies of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, and Connecticut into a single province headed by a royal governor (Edmund Andros). The Dominion ended in 1692, when the colonists revolted and drove out Governor Andros. |  | 33 |
| 7264130453 | Acts of Trade and Navigation | Three acts that regulated colonial trade: 1st act: closed the colonies to all trade except that from English ships, and required the colonists to export certain goods, such as tobacco, to only English territories, 2nd act: (1663) demanded that everything being shipped from Europe to the colonies had to pass through England so they could tax the goods. 3rd act: 1673, was a reaction to the general disregard of the first two laws; it forced duties on the coastal trade among the colonies and supplied customs officials to enforce the Navigation Acts. |  | 34 |
| 7264130454 | Mercantilism | An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought. |  | 35 |
| 7264130455 | Triangular Slave Trade | A practice, primarily during the eighteenth century, in which European ships transported slaves from Africa to Caribbean islands, molasses from the Caribbean to Europe, and trade goods from Europe to Africa. |  | 36 |
| 7264130456 | Middle Passage | A voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies. The conditions on the ships from Africa to the west led to the loss of hundreds of thousands of lives. |  | 37 |
| 7264130457 | Social mobility | Movement of individuals or groups from one position in a society's stratification system to another | 38 | |
| 7264130458 | Ben Franklin | A colonial businessman and scientist who was an example of American social mobility and individualism. He was a delegate from Pennsylvania in colonial meetings, and proposed the "Albany Plan of the Union" as a way to strengthen the colonies in the French and Indian War. He was a leading figure in the movement toward revolution, and as a diplomat to France to get help during the American Revolution |  | 39 |
| 7264130459 | Great Awakening | (1730s and 1740s) Religious movement characterized by emotional preaching (Jonathan Edwards & George Whitefield). It established American religious precedents such as camp meetings, revivals, and a "born again" philosophy. The first cultural movement to unite the thirteen colonies. It was associated with the democratization of religion, and a challenge to existing authorities and was an influence leading to the American Revolution. |  | 40 |
| 7264130460 | Jonathan Edwards | A leading minister during the Great Awakening, he delivered the famous sermon "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" promising that evildoers would pay a price on judgement day. |  | 41 |
| 7264130461 | African American Culture | Slave communities were rich with music, dance, basket-weaving, and pottery-making. Enslaved Africans brought them the arts and crafts skills of their various tribes. |  | 42 |
| 7264130462 | George Whitfield | English preacher who led the Great Awakening by traveling through the colonies |  | 43 |
| 7264130463 | French & Indian War | 1754 - 1763; conflict between France and Great Britain over land in North America in the Ohio River Valley. |  | 44 |
| 7264130464 | Ohio River Valley | Controversial land that led to the French and Indian War; British win war and claim this land; region where British fur traders went; rich soil for farming. |  | 45 |
| 7264130465 | Battle of Quebec | (1759) British victory over French forces on the outskirts of Quebec. The surrender of Quebec marked the beginning of the end of French rule in North America. The battle was won when General James Wolfe scouts followed wash women up the cliffs on a secret passageway. |  | 46 |
| 7264130466 | General James Wolfe | Commander of a British fleet sailed to Quebec and defeated French Troops that were defending the city, British seized Quebec and took control of New France. He died in the battle and became a hero of English military. |  | 47 |
| 7264130467 | Join or Die | Famous cartoon drawn by Ben Franklin which encouraged the colonies to join in fighting the British during the French and Indian War |  | 48 |
| 7264130468 | Albany Plan of Union, 1754 | Plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin that sought to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military, and other purposes; the plan was turned down by the colonies & the Crown. |  | 49 |
AP US History - US Purchase Map Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 5188612487 | The United States | -1783 Treaty of Paris |  | 0 |
| 5188617318 | Florida | -1819 Adams-Onis Treaty |  | 1 |
| 5188631647 | Louisiana Purchase | -1803 purchased from France |  | 2 |
| 5188659752 | Texas | -1845 annexed by Congress |  | 3 |
| 5188668523 | Gadsden Purchase | -1853 purchased from Mexico |  | 4 |
| 5188674823 | Mexican Cession | -1848 Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo |  | 5 |
| 5188743142 | Oregon Country | -1846 agreement with Britain |  | 6 |
| 5188829208 | Main | -1842 Webster-Ashburton Treaty |  | 7 |
AP US History: Chapter 29 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 7802307893 | Woodrow Wilson | The Republic party was split betweeen Taft and Roosevelt so the Democrats had a chance of winning for the first time in 16 years. Woodrow Wilson was a once mild conservative who was now a militant progressive. He taught at princeton, was governer of new jersey and he attacked trusts and passed liberal means. Very strong minded and idealistic. When he thought he was right he would break before bending. He appointed some conservatives to the Federal Reserve and Treade commisions to satisy businesses. Most of his focus was on progressives however. | 0 | |
| 7802307894 | New Freedom | Wilson's system. Supported NO trusts and supported small businesses, but he basically shunned social welfare programs. Included many progressive reforms. Specifically attacked the banks, trusts, and tarriffs | 1 | |
| 7802307895 | New Nationalism | Roosevelts campaine which was inspired by Herbert Croly's book. Also campaigned for women's suffrage and a wide range of social wellfare programs, such as minimum wage laws and social insurance | 2 | |
| 7802307897 | Eugene V Debbs | Socialist running against Taft, roosevelt, and Wilson. He racked up 900,000 votes. | 3 | |
| 7802307898 | Triple Wall of Priveledges | Banks, trusts, and tariffs | 4 | |
| 7802307899 | Underwood Tariff of 1913 | Wilson's way of attacking trusts. It largely reduced import fees and it also enacted graduated income tax under the newly passed 16th ammendment. | 5 | |
| 7802307900 | Louis D Brandeis | wrote the book Other People's Money and How the Bankers Use it. Further showed the problems of the American banking system. Wilson nominated him to the supreme court making him the first jew in that position. | 6 | |
| 7802307901 | Federal Reserve Act | This was the reform of the existing banking system. It created the Federal Reserve Board | 7 | |
| 7802307903 | Federal Trade Comission Act | Commissioned a president appointed position which investigated the activities of trusts and stopeed unfair trade practices and bribery. | 8 | |
| 7802307904 | Clayton Anti- Trust Act | Lengthened the Sherman Anti Trust Act list of acts that were objectionable. Such as the fact that labor Unions were not indeed trusts. Legalized strikes and peaceful picketing by labor unions. | 9 | |
| 7802307905 | Federal Farm Loan Act | offered credit for farmers at low rates of interest. | 10 | |
| 7802307906 | Warehouse Act | permitted loans on the security of staple crops | 11 | |
| 7802307907 | La Follette Seamen's Act | required good treatemnt of America's sailors buit it sent merchant freight rates soaring as a result the cost to maintain a sailor's health | 12 | |
| 7802307908 | Workingmen's Compensation Act | granted the assistance of civil service workers during times of instablility but Supreme Court invalidated it. | 13 | |
| 7802307909 | Adamson Act | established an eight hour workday with overitme pay. | 14 | |
| 7802307910 | Jones Act | granted full terrirorial status to the Philipines and promised independence as soon as a stable government could be put in place. | 15 | |
| 7802307911 | Haiti | The first time Wilson weakens his stance on his anti imperialistic beliefes. He sende marines to Haiti after the populace brutally tore apart their brutal president. He sent them there to protesct american intersts there. They remained there for the next 19 years making it a protectorate. | 16 | |
| 7802307913 | Tampico | A small group of Americans were accidentally arrested. Wilson thretened to use force and ordered the navy to take over Vera Cruz both Huerta and Carranza were opposed to this. The ABC powers intervened and prevented them from going to war. Huerta los power but Carranza came to power and regretted the doings of wilsom. | 17 | |
| 7802307914 | Pancho Villa | He was initially with carranza when Huerta was in rula and then once Carranza came to rule he became an enemy to Huerta as well. He killed 16 american engineers in Mexico and later killed 19 americans in new mexico. | 18 | |
| 7802307915 | John J. Pershing | Sent to take care of Pancho Villa. He penerated deep into MExico clashed with carranza and villa;s forces but didn't take up Villa. | 19 | |
| 7802307916 | Archduke Franz Ferdinanad | was shot by a nationalistic serb. Austria made an ultmatum and demanded the serbs to agree. The serbs did not agree enough so Austria declared war with germany on it's side. Serb's had the Russians on their side. France joined russia as well. Germany declared war on russia and France and invaded Belgium pulling Britain into war. | 20 | |
| 7802307917 | Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, and Bulgaria | 21 | |
| 7802307918 | Submarine Warfare | Germany was not going to sit back and watch the US and the Allies gand up against it. It declared it would be going using this around the British Isles. It told the US that it would try not to attack neutral ships but mistakes were bound to happen. Wilson warned that Germany would be put under strict accountability if anything did happen however. | 22 | |
| 7802307919 | Lusitansa | A british passenger liner was sunk by german U-Boats. It took 1198 lives, 128 were american. .According to the Germans they had sent a note prior to this warning us that an American Ship may be torpedoed. Also the ship was found to contain ammunition. Wilson knew that bringing an ununited nation into war was a bad idea so he sent a series of stron notes to the German War lords. | 23 | |
| 7802307920 | Arabic | Then the Arabic was sunk killing two Americans. After that the Germans agreed to not sinked unarmed ships without warning. After it broke that pledge by sinking the Sussex the Germans said that they would not sink passenger or merchant vessels without warning so long as the americans get the British to stop the blockade. The US couldn's do that and was prone to be pulled into war. | 24 | |
| 7802307921 | Charles Evans Hughes | the Republicans chose this guy as the new president. He made different pledges and promises depending on where he was. He was nicknamed Evasive. Wilson won over him telling the US he would keep us out of the war. Ironically he lead us into war and he knew the war was inevitable during the election. Many people felt cheated. He barely beat Hughes by like 30 electoral votes. | 25 | |
| 7802307924 | New Nationalism vs New Freedom - similarities | Both favored a more *active government role* in economic and social *affairs* | 26 | |
| 7802307925 | Roosevelt's New Nationalism vs Wilson's New Freedom - differences | - TR believed in continued *consolidation* of *trusts* and *labor unions* paralleled by the *growth* of powerful *regulatory* agencies in Washington, *woman suffrage*, as well as social welfare* (minimum wage and socialistic social insurance) - Wilson favored *small enterprise*, entrepreneurship, and the free functioning of *unregulated* and *non-monopolized* markets. Shunned social-welfare proposals and pinned economic faith on *competition*. Fragmentation of the big industrial combines by vigorous enforcement of *antitrust* laws | 27 | |
| 7802307929 | ________ was the 2nd Democratic president since 1861 and the first man from a seceded southern state to reach the White House since Zachary Taylor | Woodrow Wilson | 28 | |
| 7802307931 | Banking and currency problems | - Outgrown by the Republic's *economic expansion* - Financial structure under the Civil War National Banking Act revealed *defects* - Panic of 1907 - inelasticity of currency - Banking *reserves concentrated* in NY and other *big cities* — could not be mobilized in times of financial stress | 29 | |
| 7802307933 | La Follette Seaman's Act | (1915) Required decent *treatment* and a *living wage* on American *merchant ships*. *Crippled* America's merchant *marine* (freight rates spiraled upward with the crew's wages) | 30 | |
| 7802307937 | Revolution in Mexico | - Revolted in 1913, *murdered* the popular president and *installed General Victoriano Huerta* (Indian) in his position - Resulted in *mass migration* to the US — often worked on highways and RRs or as fruit harvesters - Often separated into Spanish-speaking *enclaves* that made a unique borderland *culture* | 31 | |
| 7802307941 | Allies | France, Britain, and Russia (later Japan and Italy) | 32 | |
| 7802307943 | Anti-German sentiment | - Kaiser Wilhelm II seemed to be the embodiment of arrogant autocracy (and the strike at *neutral Belgium*) - Tarnished the image of the Central Powers in American eyes when they went to *violence* in *American ports* and *factories* - 1915: German operative left *briefcase* on an NY elevated car, documents for *sabotage* discovered | 33 | |
| 7802307945 | Financial Crisis of 1914 | - American industry onto prosperity - Financed by American bankers (JP Morgan and Company) advanced to the *Allies* $2.3 billion during American *neutrality* | 34 | |
| 7802307946 | Europe's reaction to American investment even during neutrality | - *Great Powers* protested even though it didn't violate neutrality laws - *Germany couldn't trade* because the *British blocked* them in the North Sea - Britain forced trade between US and Germany away, now only Britain | 35 | |
| 7802307947 | Announcement of the U-boat Campaign | - Berlin announced a *submarine war area* around the British Isles - Wilson warned that it would be held to *"strict accountability"* for any attacks on American vessels or citizens |  | 36 |
| 7802307948 | U-boats | German *submarines* (Unterseeboot) proved *deadly* for *Allied ships* in the war zone. U-boat attacked played an important role in *drawing* the *US* into WWI | 37 | |
| 7802307949 | Wilson's actions of the Lusitania | - *Refused* to go into *war* with a *disunited country* (remembered the War of 1812) - Attempted to use *diplomatic notes* to punish the German warlords publically | 38 | |
| 7802307950 | Republican platform | *Condemned* Democratic *tariff*, assaults on the trusts, and Wilson's feebleness in dealing with MX and Germany | 39 | |
| 7802307951 | "He Kept Us Out of War" | Wilson's campaign slogan in 1916 | 40 | |
| 7802307952 | Wilson owed his votes to: | the Midwest and the West (progressive and anti-war policies) | 41 | |
| 7802307953 | Venustiano Carranza | leader in Mexican Revolution | 42 |
AP US History Dates Test Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 5627612788 | 1492 | Columbus sails ocean blue. What a loser. | 0 | |
| 5627612789 | 1607 | Jamestown established. | 1 | |
| 5627612790 | 1619 | First African slaves brought to North America. | 2 | |
| 5627612791 | 1754 | French and Indian War Begins | 3 | |
| 5627612792 | 1763 | French and Indian War Ends; Proclamation of 1763; End of Salutary Neglect. | 4 | |
| 5627612793 | 1776 | Declaration of Independence | 5 | |
| 5627612794 | 1781 | Battle of Yorktown; End of Revolutionary War Fighting (war not officially ended until Treaty of Paris #2 in 1783) | 6 | |
| 5627612795 | 1789 | Ratification of the Constitution | 7 | |
| 5627612796 | 1800 | Revolution of 1800; peaceful transition of power from John Adams to Thomas Jefferson | 8 | |
| 5627612797 | 1803 | Louisiana Purchase |  | 9 |
| 5627612798 | 1815 | Battle of New Orleans; I love you Andrew Jackson. | 10 | |
| 5627612799 | 1820 | Missouri Compromise |  | 11 |
| 5627612800 | 1823 | Monroe Doctrine | 12 | |
| 5627612801 | 1828 | Andrew Jackson elected - Age of the common man |  | 13 |
| 5627612802 | 1846 | Beginning of the Mexican-American War | 14 |
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